Decarburization biological filter

Abstract

The utility model relates to a decarburization biological filter which comprises a filter body and an aeration pipeline, and an aerobic filler layer and a hydrolytic acidification filler layer which are layered up and down are arranged in the filter body and are both filled with iron-carbon-based biological carrier filler. Wastewater enters from a water inlet at the bottom of the tank and flows through the hydrolytic acidification layer, iron-carbon filler releases ferrous ions and reducing active substances through a micro-electrolysis reaction in an anaerobic environment, macromolecular organic matters are decomposed into micromolecular fatty acids in cooperation with hydrolytic acidification florae, and water flows into the aerobic layer and flows into the aerobic layer. Aerobic microorganisms attached to the surface of the filler mineralize small-molecular organic matters into carbon dioxide and water under aeration oxygen supply, ferrous ions are oxidized into iron ions and flocculate and adsorb pollutants, hydroxyl radicals generated by micro-electrolysis oxidize refractory substances, the iron ions precipitate and flow back to the lower layer to form circulation, and the pollutants are recycled. A symbiotic reaction system is constructed through electron transfer between filler layers and the synergistic effect of microorganisms, deep coupling of physicochemical and biochemical reactions is achieved, the removal efficiency of refractory pollutants is remarkably improved, and the technological process is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of biological treatment technology, and in particular to a decarbonization biological filter. Background Technology

[0002] Existing decarbonization biological filters consist of a tank body with an inlet at the bottom and an outlet at the top. The tank body is filled with granular packing material for oxidation, providing a carrier for biofilm growth. Aeration pipes are installed on the granular packing layer for aeration, ensuring oxygen and wastewater come into contact in the same direction. This allows the organic matter in the wastewater to degrade through biochemical reactions with the biofilm on the packing surface. However, existing filters rely too heavily on the biofilm on the filter media to degrade organic matter, resulting in low removal rates for recalcitrant molecular pollutants. This necessitates additional advanced treatment units, leading to a complex process flow.

[0003] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present utility model embodiments are disclosed.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A decarbonization biological filter, characterized in that it comprises:

[0007] The pool body has a hollow structure, with an inlet at the bottom and an outlet at the top. The pool body is divided into an aerobic packing layer and a hydrolysis acidification packing layer. The aerobic packing layer is located at the top of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer. Both the aerobic packing layer and the hydrolysis acidification packing layer use iron-carbon based biological carrier packing.

[0008] An aeration pipe is provided, one end of which passes through the side wall of the tank and extends into the aerobic packing layer. The aeration port of the aeration pipe is arranged facing upward and connected to the aerobic packing layer. The aeration pipe outputs oxygen to the aerobic packing layer.

[0009] A further technical solution is that the packing density of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer is greater than that of the aerobic packing layer.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the height of the aerobic packing layer is greater than the height of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer.

[0011] A further technical solution is that a number of aeration branch pipes are provided at intervals on the aeration pipeline, the aeration branch pipes are arranged facing upwards, and the aeration port is located at the top of the aeration branch pipe.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the pool body is further divided into a water distribution layer, the water distribution layer is located at the bottom of the pool body, the hydrolysis acidification packing layer is located at the top of the water distribution layer, and the water inlet is located in the water distribution layer.

[0013] A further technical solution is that a porous partition is provided between the water distribution layer and the hydrolysis acidification packing layer, and the packing material of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer is filled on the porous partition.

[0014] A further technical solution is that the decarbonization biological filter is also provided with a water distribution pipe, one end of which extends into the water distribution layer, and a number of water distribution holes are spaced apart at one end of the water distribution pipe located in the water distribution layer. The water inlet is located at the end of the water distribution pipe located outside the water distribution layer.

[0015] A further technical solution is that the pool body is further divided into an overflow layer, which is located at the top of the pool body and above the aerobic packing layer, and the outlet is located on the side wall of the overflow layer.

[0016] A further technical solution is that an overflow outlet groove is provided circumferentially on the inner wall of the overflow layer, and the position of the outlet corresponds to the overflow outlet groove.

[0017] A further technical solution is that the overflow layer is also provided with a water outflow rectifier, and the outer side of the water outflow rectifier is connected to the inner wall of the top of the pool body.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are as follows:

[0019] (I) A decarbonization biological filter includes a tank body and an aeration pipeline. The tank body is divided into an upper aerobic packing layer and a lower hydrolysis-acidification packing layer. Both the aerobic packing layer and the hydrolysis-acidification packing layer are filled with iron-carbon-based biological carrier packing. Wastewater enters the tank body from the inlet at the bottom of the tank body. After passing through the hydrolysis-acidification packing layer, the iron-carbon-based biological carrier packing in this layer releases ferrous ions and produces reducing active substances through micro-electrolysis in an anaerobic environment. This, along with the hydrolysis-acidification bacteria, decomposes large organic molecules into small fatty acids. The water continues to rise to the aerobic packing layer, where the aeration pipeline outputs oxygen. The aerobic microorganisms attached to the surface of the iron-carbon-based packing material thoroughly mineralize small-molecule organic matter into carbon dioxide and water under the oxygen supply conditions of the aeration pipeline. Ferrous ions are oxidized into ferric ions, and the ferric ion flocs adsorb pollutants. At the same time, the hydroxyl radicals generated by micro-electrolysis synergistically oxidize recalcitrant pollutants. The ferric ions precipitate and flow back to the hydrolysis section. The ferric ions in the iron-carbon packing material in the tank form a self-circulation, and a symbiotic reaction system is formed through electron transfer between the two packing layers and the action of the biological community. This realizes the coupling of physicochemical and biochemical reactions, improves the removal rate of recalcitrant molecular pollutants in the tank, and simplifies the degradation process.

[0020] Meanwhile, one end of the aeration pipe passes through the side wall of the tank and extends into the aerobic packing layer. The aeration port of the aeration pipe is set upward and connected to the aerobic packing layer. The aeration pipe outputs oxygen into the aerobic packing layer. The oxygen rises in the aerobic packing layer, and the water flow in the tank produces an air lift effect. The water flow in the tank penetrates the hydrolysis acidification packing layer and the aerobic packing layer more quickly and evenly, which enhances the hydraulic penetration. The reaction of the packing layer is more uniform and complete. In addition, the water flow adopts an upward flow state, which reduces the horizontal footprint.

[0021] (ii) Furthermore, the packing density of the hydrolysis-acidification packing layer is greater than that of the aerobic packing layer. The high-density packing naturally settles to the lower hydrolysis-acidification packing layer due to gravity, forming a stable anaerobic reaction zone. This prevents disturbance or mixing of the packing layer during the upward flow of water, ensuring efficient metabolism of the hydrolysis-acidification bacteria in a low dissolved oxygen environment. Meanwhile, the low-density packing naturally stratifies in the aerobic layer due to density differences, preventing the lower packing from floating due to aeration disturbance. This density difference design, combined with the upward flow hydraulic regime, further strengthens the environmental isolation between the two packing zones, ensuring the stepwise degradation path of macromolecular organic matter. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of packing density and hydraulic conditions enhances the system's resistance to shock loads.

[0022] (III) Furthermore, the height of the aerobic packing layer is greater than that of the hydrolysis-acidification packing layer. The aerobic packing layer requires a longer hydraulic retention time to complete the thorough mineralization of small-molecule organic matter and the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen. The higher aerobic packing layer ensures the metabolic activity of aerobic microorganisms by increasing the biofilm attachment area and oxygen diffusion pathways. In contrast, the hydrolysis-acidification packing layer, due to its faster reaction rate, can avoid excessive acidification leading to a pH decrease and inhibition of the bacterial community. Simultaneously, the gradient pressure difference created by the height difference enhances the upward airlift effect, promoting the efficient transfer of hydrolysis-acidification products from the lower layer. In addition, the height advantage of the aerobic packing layer reduces aeration energy consumption and utilizes gravity settling to achieve the self-recirculation of iron ion flocs, further optimizing system operating efficiency.

[0023] (iv) Furthermore, a water outflow rectifier is also installed within the overflow layer, with its outer side connected to the inner wall of the top of the pool. When water flows within the overflow layer, eddies or turbulence may occur due to unevenness in the pool structure, topography, or water flow velocity, leading to unstable water flow and consequently affecting the quality of the effluent. The water outflow rectifier guides the water flow, making it smoother as it passes through the overflow layer, resulting in a more natural and stable transition. This avoids uneven effluent flow caused by excessive or insufficient fluctuations in water flow, reduces eddies or turbulence, and ensures stable water flow. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the decarbonization biological filter of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A.

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view at point B.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 100. Tank body; 101. Inlet; 102. Outlet; 103. Aerobic packing layer; 104. Hydrolysis acidification packing layer; 105. Water distribution layer; 106. Porous baffle; 107. Overflow layer; 108. Overflow outlet trough; 200. Aeration pipeline; 201. Aeration branch pipe; 300. Water distribution pipe; 301. Water distribution hole; 400. Outlet rectifier grid. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the device proposed by this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of this utility model will become clearer according to the following description. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings are in a very simplified form and use non-precise proportions, only used to conveniently and clearly assist in illustrating the purpose of the embodiments of this utility model. Please refer to the accompanying drawings to make the objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are only used to complement the content disclosed in the specification, for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of this utility model. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportional relationships, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that this utility model can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this utility model.

[0031] Example:

[0032] A decarbonization biological filter includes a tank body 100 and an aeration pipeline 200.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the decarbonization biological filter of this utility model. Figure 1 As shown, the pool body 100 has a hollow structure. The bottom of the pool body 100 has an inlet 101 and the top of the pool body 100 has an outlet 102. The pool body 100 is divided into an aerobic packing layer 103 and a hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104. The aerobic packing layer 103 is located at the top of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104. The packing material of both the aerobic packing layer 103 and the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104 is iron-carbon based biological carrier packing material.

[0034] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view at point A. (See image below.) Figures 1-2 As shown, one end of the aeration pipe 200 passes through the side wall of the tank body 100 and extends into the aerobic packing layer 103. The aeration port of the aeration pipe 200 is arranged facing upwards and connected to the aerobic packing layer 103. The aeration pipe 200 outputs oxygen to the aerobic packing layer 103. For example, the aeration pipe 200 is provided with several aeration branch pipes 201 at intervals. The aeration branch pipes 201 are arranged facing upwards, and the aeration port is located at the top of the aeration branch pipe 201.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, the packing density of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104 is greater than that of the aerobic packing layer 103. The high-density packing naturally settles to the lower hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104 due to gravity in the hydrolysis acidification layer, forming a stable anaerobic reaction zone. This prevents disturbance or mixing of the packing layer during the upward flow of water, ensuring efficient metabolism of the hydrolysis acidification bacteria in a low dissolved oxygen environment. Meanwhile, the low-density packing naturally stratifies in the aerobic layer due to density differences, preventing the lower packing from floating due to aeration disturbance. This density difference design, combined with the upward flow hydraulic state, further strengthens the environmental isolation between the two packing zones, ensuring the stepwise degradation path of macromolecular organic matter. Furthermore, the synergistic effect of packing density and hydraulic conditions enhances the system's resistance to shock loads.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the height of the aerobic packing layer 103 is greater than that of the hydrolysis-acidification packing layer 104. The aerobic packing layer 103 requires a longer hydraulic retention time to complete the thorough mineralization of small-molecule organic matter and the nitrification of ammonia nitrogen. The higher height of the aerobic packing layer 103 increases the biofilm attachment area and oxygen diffusion path, ensuring the metabolic activity of aerobic microorganisms. In contrast, the hydrolysis-acidification packing layer 104, due to its faster reaction rate, can avoid excessive acidification leading to a pH decrease and inhibition of the bacterial community. Simultaneously, the gradient pressure difference created by the height difference enhances the upward airlift effect, promoting the efficient transfer of hydrolysis-acidification products from the lower layer. Furthermore, the height advantage of the aerobic packing layer 103 reduces aeration energy consumption and utilizes gravity settling to achieve the self-recirculation of iron ion flocs, further optimizing system operating efficiency.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the pool body 100 is further divided into a water distribution layer 105, which is located at the bottom of the pool body 100. The hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104 is located at the top of the water distribution layer 105, and the inlet 101 is located in the water distribution layer 105. For example, a porous baffle 106 is provided between the water distribution layer 105 and the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104, and the packing material of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104 is filled on the porous baffle 106. The porous baffle 106 supports the packing material of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104, and the packing material is fixed to the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104, ensuring the stability of the packing material and preventing uneven accumulation and settling in the water distribution area. Simultaneously, it evenly distributes the incoming water flow to each part of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104, ensuring that the water flow can pass through the packing layer uniformly.

[0038] like Figure 1As shown, the decarbonization biological filter further includes a water distribution pipe 300, one end of which extends into the water distribution layer 105. Several water distribution holes 301 are spaced apart at one end of the water distribution pipe 300 in the water distribution layer 105. An inlet 101 is located at the end of the water distribution pipe 300 outside the water distribution layer 105. The water distribution pipe 300 distributes the incoming water evenly to the water distribution layer 105 through the multiple water distribution holes 301. This ensures that the water flow remains uniform upon entering the tank 100, preventing localized excessively fast or slow flow, which could lead to poor regional treatment or blockage. The spaced design of the water distribution holes 301 helps prevent water flow from concentrating in one area, allowing the water flow to cover the entire water distribution layer 105 and be evenly distributed to the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104, ensuring a balanced reaction throughout the system.

[0039] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A magnified view at point B. (See image below.) Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the pool body 100 is further divided into an overflow layer 107, which is located at the top of the pool body 100 and above the aerobic packing layer 103. The outlet 102 is located on the side wall of the overflow layer 107. For example, an overflow channel 108 is circumferentially arranged on the inner wall of the overflow layer 107, and the outlet 102 corresponds to the overflow channel 108. The design of the overflow channel 108 ensures that water flows evenly from the top of the pool body 100, avoiding excessive concentration or uneven flow, ensuring smooth drainage of the pool body 100, and preventing water accumulation or excessively fast flow in localized areas. The overflow channel 108 is designed in a ring shape or distributed circumferentially along the inner wall of the pool body 100, allowing for better water flow through the channel opening, reducing water resistance, improving the drainage efficiency of the outlet 102, and preventing potential water stagnation, backflow, and other adverse phenomena.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, the overflow layer 107 is further equipped with a water outflow rectifier 400, the outer side of which is connected to the inner wall of the top of the pool body 100. When water flows within the overflow layer 107, eddies or turbulence may occur due to the structure, topography, or unevenness of the water flow velocity of the pool body 100, leading to unstable water flow and affecting the quality of the effluent. The water flow is guided by the water outflow rectifier 400, making the water flow smoother as it passes through the overflow layer 107, resulting in a more natural and stable transition. This avoids uneven effluent flow caused by excessive or insufficient water flow fluctuations, reduces eddies or turbulence, and ensures stable water flow.

[0041] In operation, this embodiment is as follows:

[0042] Wastewater enters the distribution pipe 300 from the inlet 101 at the bottom of the tank 100. After being evenly distributed, it flows upward through the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104. In this layer, the iron-carbon-based biological carrier packing releases ferrous ions and produces reducing active substances through micro-electrolysis in an anaerobic environment. Together with the attached hydrolysis acidification bacteria, it decomposes large organic molecules into small fatty acids. The water continues to rise to the aerobic packing layer 103. The aeration pipe 200 outputs oxygen to the aerobic packing layer 103. Under the oxygen supply conditions of the aeration pipe 200, the aerobic microorganisms attached to the surface of the iron-carbon-based packing in this layer thoroughly mineralize small organic molecules into carbon dioxide and water. Ferrous ions are oxidized into ferric ions. The ferric ion flocs adsorb pollutants. At the same time, the hydroxyl radicals generated by micro-electrolysis synergistically oxidize the recalcitrant pollutants. After being treated, the water is homogenized by the effluent rectifier 400 of the top overflow layer 107, and then collected by the circumferential overflow trough and discharged from the outlet 102.

[0043] In this embodiment, the iron ions in the iron-carbon packing material inside the tank 100 form a self-circulating system, and through electron transfer between the two packing layers and the action of the biological community, a symbiotic reaction system is formed, realizing the coupling of physicochemical and biochemical reactions, improving the removal rate of recalcitrant molecular pollutants in the tank 100, and simplifying the degradation process.

[0044] At the same time, oxygen rises in the aerobic packing layer 103, and the water flow in the pool 100 generates an air lift effect. The water flow in the pool 100 penetrates the hydrolysis acidification packing layer 104 and the aerobic packing layer 103 more quickly and evenly, which enhances the hydraulic penetration. The reaction of the packing layer is more uniform and complete, and the water flow adopts an upward flow state, reducing the horizontal footprint.

[0045] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0046] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A decarbonization biological filter, characterized in that, include: The pool body (100) has a hollow structure. The bottom end of the pool body (100) is provided with an inlet (101) and the top end of the pool body (100) is provided with an outlet (102). The pool body (100) is divided into an aerobic packing layer (103) and a hydrolysis acidification packing layer (104). The aerobic packing layer (103) is located at the top of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer (104). The packing material of the aerobic packing layer (103) and the hydrolysis acidification packing layer (104) are both iron-carbon based biological carrier packing materials. An aeration pipe (200) is provided, one end of which passes through the side wall of the tank body (100) and extends into the aerobic packing layer (103). The aeration port of the aeration pipe (200) is set upward and connected to the aerobic packing layer (103). The aeration pipe (200) outputs oxygen to the aerobic packing layer (103).

2. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The packing density of the hydrolyzed acidified packing layer (104) is greater than that of the aerobic packing layer (103).

3. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the aerobic packing layer (103) is greater than the height of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer (104).

4. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration pipeline (200) is provided with a number of aeration branch pipes (201) spaced apart. The aeration branch pipes (201) are arranged facing upwards, and the aeration port is located at the top of the aeration branch pipe (201).

5. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pool body (100) is further divided into a water distribution layer (105), which is located at the bottom of the pool body (100), the hydrolysis acidification packing layer (104) is located at the top of the water distribution layer (105), and the water inlet (101) is located in the water distribution layer (105).

6. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: A porous partition (106) is provided between the water distribution layer (105) and the hydrolysis acidification packing layer (104), and the packing material of the hydrolysis acidification packing layer (104) is filled on the porous partition (106).

7. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 5, characterized in that: The decarbonization biological filter is also provided with a water distribution pipe (300), one end of which extends into the water distribution layer (105). The water distribution pipe (300) is provided with a plurality of water distribution holes (301) at intervals at one end of the water distribution layer (105). The water inlet (101) is located at the end of the water distribution pipe (300) outside the water distribution layer (105).

8. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pool body (100) is further divided into an overflow layer (107), which is located at the top of the pool body (100) and above the aerobic packing layer (103). The outlet (102) is located on the side wall of the overflow layer (107).

9. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner wall of the overflow layer (107) is provided with an overflow outlet trough (108) in the circumferential direction, and the position of the outlet (102) corresponds to the overflow outlet trough (108).

10. The decarbonization biological filter according to claim 8, characterized in that: The overflow layer (107) is also provided with a water outlet rectifier (400), and the outer side of the water outlet rectifier (400) is connected to the inner wall of the top of the pool body (100).

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