A biofilter for removing malodorous gases
By using a gradient air distribution plate and modular filter layer structure design, the problem of uneven airflow distribution in the biological filter is solved, achieving uniform airflow distribution and rapid replacement of filter media, which improves the efficiency and stability of odor gas treatment and reduces operating costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FUXIN (JIANGSU) ENVIRONMENTAL TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Uneven airflow distribution in existing biological filters leads to localized filter media caking and increased system pressure drop, requiring frequent filter media replacement, resulting in high operating costs and difficult maintenance.
The filter adopts a gradient air distribution plate design and a modular filter layer structure. Through the double-layer gradient air distribution of the first and second air distribution plates, the gas is forced to diffuse from the center to the edge. The filter layer can be quickly replaced and maintained through the design of the side plate and the sliding groove.
It significantly improves the efficiency and stability of odor gas treatment, evenly distributes airflow, slows down the caking rate of filter media, reduces operating costs, and simplifies maintenance procedures.
Smart Images
Figure CN224485528U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas treatment technology, and more specifically, to a biological filter for removing malodorous gases. Background Technology
[0002] With rapid industrialization and urbanization, odor pollution has become increasingly prominent, posing a significant threat to environmental quality and public health. Common odor treatment technologies include physical methods (such as adsorption and absorption), chemical methods (such as combustion and oxidation), and biological methods (such as biofilters and biotrickling filters). While physical and chemical methods offer high treatment efficiency, they suffer from high operating costs, susceptibility to secondary pollution, and complex equipment maintenance. In contrast, biological methods, due to their economic and environmental benefits, ease of operation, and lack of secondary pollution, have gradually become one of the mainstream technologies for odor control.
[0003] A biofilter is a device that utilizes microorganisms to degrade malodorous gases. Its core principle is to use the microbial community on the surface of filter media (such as soil, compost, activated carbon, etc.) to convert pollutants in malodorous gases into harmless or less harmful substances (such as CO2, H2O, etc.). However, existing biofilters have the following shortcomings: because the cross-sectional area of the gas supply pipe connected to the blower is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of the biofilter, when the gas suddenly enters the wide filter from the narrow pipe, the flow velocity drops sharply, causing the gas to naturally concentrate in the center or near-end area. The concentrated gas area will be preferentially consumed by microorganisms due to excessive load, leading to rapid local caking of the filter media, further aggravating the imbalance of airflow distribution and forming a vicious cycle. Local blockage increases the system pressure drop and requires frequent replacement of filter media. Therefore, improvements are needed. Utility Model Content
[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a biological filter for removing malodorous gases, which has the advantage of uniform gas distribution.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a biological filter for removing malodorous gases, comprising a biological filter body, wherein the biological filter body includes a tank body, and an odor removal device is provided inside the tank body. The odor removal device includes a first air distribution plate and a second air distribution plate bolted to the front end of the tank body. The second air distribution plate is located to the left of the first air distribution plate. The surface of the first air distribution plate has first air holes with gradually increasing diameters symmetrically opened at its center, and the surface of the second air distribution plate has second air holes with gradually increasing diameters symmetrically opened at its center. The first air holes have elliptical strip-shaped openings, and the second air holes have circular openings. The longitudinal density of the second air holes is greater than the density of the first air holes.
[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the deodorization device further includes side plates welded to both sides of the inner wall of the pool. A sliding groove is provided on the inner side of the side plate, and a limiting groove is provided on the outer side of the sliding groove. A box is uniformly slidably installed inside the pool. The box is located between the two side plates. Rollers are bolted to both sides of the box. The rollers are slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove. A side plate is welded to the front end of the box.
[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, an installation groove is provided on the front side of the pool body, and deodorizing filter layers located inside the installation groove are welded on both sides of the box body. The deodorizing filter layers are connected to the installation groove by bolts.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, an air inlet pipe is bolted to the right end of the pool body, and the other end of the air inlet pipe penetrates into the interior of the pool body and is located on the right side of the center of the first air distribution plate.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, an air outlet pipe is bolted to the left end of the pool body, and the other end of the air outlet pipe extends into the interior of the pool body and is located to the left of the leftmost deodorizing filter layer.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the side plate is provided with an inclined surface on the side near the air inlet pipe, and the width of the side plate near the inner wall of the pool is greater than the width of the other side.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, limit blocks are welded to both sides of the box body, and the limit blocks are slidably connected inside the limit groove.
[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0013] 1. This utility model significantly improves the efficiency and stability of odor gas treatment through gradient air distribution plate design and modular filter layer structure. The double-layer gradient air distribution design of the first air distribution plate and the second air distribution plate forces the gas to diffuse from the center to the edge, solving the problem of airflow concentration caused by abrupt changes in cross-sectional area in traditional filter beds. The uniform airflow distribution avoids local overload operation and slows down the filter media caking speed.
[0014] 2. This utility model effectively solves the technical problems of uneven airflow distribution and difficult filter media maintenance in traditional biological filters through innovative structural design; the combination of side plate and sliding groove design allows the box to slide smoothly along a predetermined track, and the precise positioning of the limiting groove and limiting block enables rapid replacement and maintenance of the deodorizing filter layer; the optimized arrangement of the air inlet and outlet pipes ensures the reasonable distribution of airflow in the filter; the sloping side plate design further improves the airflow guiding effect; and significantly reduces operating costs. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;
[0016] Figure 2 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the present invention;
[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle;
[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pool body of this utility model;
[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle;
[0020] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the air distribution plate of this utility model.
[0021] In the diagram: 1. Biological filter; 11. Filter body; 12. Air inlet pipe; 13. Air outlet pipe; 14. Mounting groove; 2. Deodorization device; 21. Box body; 22. Deodorization filter layer; 23. Side plate; 24. First air distribution plate; 25. Second air distribution plate; 26. First air hole; 27. Second air hole; 28. Slide groove; 29. Limiting groove; 210. Limiting block; 211. Roller. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0023] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this utility model provides a biological filter for removing malodorous gases, including a biological filter 1, which includes a tank body 11. An odor removal device 2 is installed inside the tank body 11. The odor removal device 2 includes a first air distribution plate 24 and a second air distribution plate 25 bolted to the front end of the tank body 11. The second air distribution plate 25 is located to the left of the first air distribution plate 24. The surface of the first air distribution plate 24 has symmetrically arranged first air holes 26 with gradually increasing diameters, and the surface of the second air distribution plate 25 has symmetrically arranged second air holes 27 with gradually increasing diameters. The first air holes 26 have elliptical openings, and the second air holes 27 have circular openings. The longitudinal density of the second air holes 27 is greater than the density of the first air holes 26.
[0024] The malodorous gas enters the tank 11 through the air inlet pipe 12, which is connected to an external fan. The fan is connected to a power source via a cable and is controlled to start and stop by a PLC or a manual switch. The gas first reaches the first air distribution plate 24, where the diameter of the elliptical strip-shaped first air holes 26 gradually increases from the center to the edge, forcing the gas to diffuse in all directions and preventing airflow overload in the central area. The gas initially distributed by the first air distribution plate 24 enters the second air distribution plate 25, where the longitudinal density of the circular second air holes 27 is greater than that of the first air holes 26, further refining the airflow and ensuring that the gas passes through the subsequent filter layer evenly. The gas passes through the deodorizing filter layer 22, which uses a composite filter material of compost and activated carbon. Microorganisms attached to the surface of the filter layer degrade the malodorous components into harmless substances. When the filter layer is clogged or fails, the operator loosens the bolts through the mounting groove 14, pushes the box 21, and the rollers 211 on both sides slide outward along the slide groove 28. The limiting block 210 guides the movement within the limiting groove 29 to ensure smooth removal. The new deodorizing filter layer 22 is then installed into the box 21, the rollers 211 are aligned with the slide groove 28 and pushed in, and finally secured with bolts. After being treated by the leftmost deodorizing filter layer 22, the purified gas is discharged through the outlet pipe 13.
[0025] By using gradient air distribution plate design and modular filter layer structure, the efficiency and stability of odor gas treatment are significantly improved. The double-layer gradient air distribution design of the first air distribution plate 24 and the second air distribution plate 25 forces the gas to diffuse from the center to the edge, solving the problem of airflow concentration caused by abrupt changes in cross-sectional area in traditional filter beds. The uniform airflow distribution avoids local overload operation and slows down the caking speed of the filter media.
[0026] The deodorization device 2 also includes side plates 23 welded to both sides of the inner wall of the pool body 11. A sliding groove 28 is provided on the inner side of the side plate 23, and a limiting groove 29 is provided on the outer side of the sliding groove 28. A box body 21 is evenly slidably installed inside the pool body 11. The box body 21 is located between the two side plates 23. Rollers 211 are bolted to both sides of the box body 21. The rollers 211 are slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove 28. A side plate 23 is welded to the front end of the box body 21.
[0027] The innovative structural design effectively solves the technical problems of uneven airflow distribution and difficult filter media maintenance in traditional biological filters. The combination of side plate 23 and slide 28 allows the box 21 to slide smoothly along a predetermined track. With the precise positioning of limiting groove 29 and limiting block 210, the deodorizing filter layer 22 can be quickly replaced and maintained. The optimized arrangement of air inlet pipe 12 and air outlet pipe 13 ensures the reasonable distribution of airflow in the filter. The sloping side plate 23 further improves the airflow guiding effect and significantly reduces operating costs.
[0028] The pool body 11 has an installation groove 14 on the front side, and the box body 21 has a deodorizing filter layer 22 welded to both sides inside the installation groove 14. The deodorizing filter layer 22 is connected to the installation groove 14 by bolts.
[0029] By opening an installation groove 14 on the front side of the pool body and fixing the deodorizing filter layer 22 in the installation groove with bolts, the filter layer can be quickly disassembled and assembled. This design not only simplifies the maintenance process, but also ensures the stability of the filter layer installation and avoids loosening problems that may occur during operation.
[0030] The right end of the pool body 11 is bolted with an air inlet pipe 12, and the other end of the air inlet pipe 12 extends into the interior of the pool body 11 and is located on the right side of the center of the first air distribution plate 24.
[0031] By positioning the air inlet pipe 12 to the right of the center of the first air distribution plate 24, the initial distribution of airflow entering the filter is optimized. This arrangement allows the gas to pass more evenly through the first air distribution plate 24 and the second air distribution plate 25, effectively improving the uniformity of airflow distribution.
[0032] The left end of the pool body 11 is bolted with an air outlet pipe 13, and the other end of the air outlet pipe 13 extends into the interior of the pool body 11 and is located to the left of the leftmost deodorizing filter layer 22.
[0033] By positioning the exhaust pipe 13 to the left of the leftmost deodorizing filter layer 22, the purified gas can be smoothly discharged, avoiding gas stagnation. This arrangement optimizes the airflow path and reduces pressure drop loss.
[0034] The side plate 23 has a sloping surface on the side near the air inlet pipe 12, and the width of the side plate 23 near the inner wall of the pool body 11 is greater than the width of the other side.
[0035] By setting a slope on the side plate 23 near the air inlet pipe and making the width of the side near the inner wall of the pool larger than that of the other side, the airflow guiding effect is further improved; this structural design allows the gas to be distributed more evenly throughout the filter layer area, avoiding the problem of excessive local airflow.
[0036] Among them, limit blocks 210 are welded on both sides of the box body 21, and the limit blocks 210 are slidably connected inside the limit groove 29.
[0037] By welding limiting blocks 210 to both sides of the box body 21 and sliding them inside the limiting groove 29, the deodorization device is precisely positioned; this design ensures the stability of the box body 21 during the sliding process and avoids positional deviation.
[0038] Working principle and usage process of this utility model:
[0039] The malodorous gas enters the tank 11 through the air inlet pipe 12, which is connected to an external fan. The fan is connected to a power source via a cable and is controlled to start and stop by a PLC or a manual switch. The gas first reaches the first air distribution plate 24, where the diameter of the elliptical strip-shaped first air holes 26 gradually increases from the center to the edge, forcing the gas to diffuse in all directions and preventing airflow overload in the central area. The gas initially distributed by the first air distribution plate 24 enters the second air distribution plate 25, where the longitudinal density of the circular second air holes 27 is greater than that of the first air holes 26, further refining the airflow and ensuring that the gas passes through the subsequent filter layer evenly. The gas passes through the deodorizing filter layer 22, which uses a composite filter material of compost and activated carbon. Microorganisms attached to the surface of the filter layer degrade the malodorous components into harmless substances. When the filter layer is clogged or fails, the operator loosens the bolts through the mounting groove 14, pushes the box 21, and the rollers 211 on both sides slide outward along the slide groove 28. The limiting block 210 guides the movement within the limiting groove 29 to ensure smooth removal. The new deodorizing filter layer 22 is then installed into the box 21, the rollers 211 are aligned with the slide groove 28 and pushed in, and finally secured with bolts. After being treated by the leftmost deodorizing filter layer 22, the purified gas is discharged through the outlet pipe 13.
[0040] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0041] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A biological filter for removing malodorous gases, comprising a biological filter (1), characterized in that: The biological filter (1) includes a tank body (11), and a deodorization device (2) is installed inside the tank body (11). The deodorization device (2) includes a first air distribution plate (24) and a second air distribution plate (25) bolted to the front end of the tank body (11). The second air distribution plate (25) is located to the left of the first air distribution plate (24). The surface of the first air distribution plate (24) is symmetrically provided with first air holes (26) with gradually increasing diameter. The surface of the second air distribution plate (25) is symmetrically provided with second air holes (27) with gradually increasing diameter. The first air holes (26) have elliptical strip-shaped openings, and the second air holes (27) have circular openings. The longitudinal density of the second air holes (27) is greater than the density of the first air holes (26).
2. A biological filter for removing malodorous gases according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deodorization device (2) also includes side plates (23) welded to both sides of the inner wall of the pool body (11). The inner side of the side plate (23) is provided with a sliding groove (28), and the outer side of the sliding groove (28) is provided with a limiting groove (29). A box body (21) is uniformly slidably installed inside the pool body (11). The box body (21) is located between the two side plates (23). Rollers (211) are bolted to both sides of the box body (21). The rollers (211) are slidably connected to the inner side of the sliding groove (28). The front end of the box body (21) is welded with a side plate (23).
3. A biological filter for removing malodorous gases according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front side of the pool body (11) is provided with an installation groove (14), and the two sides of the box body (21) are welded with deodorizing filter layers (22) located inside the installation groove (14). The deodorizing filter layers (22) are connected to the installation groove (14) by bolts.
4. A biological filter for removing malodorous gases according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air inlet pipe (12) is bolted to the right end of the pool body (11), and the other end of the air inlet pipe (12) extends into the interior of the pool body (11) and is located to the right of the center of the first air distribution plate (24).
5. A biological filter for removing malodorous gases according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air outlet pipe (13) is bolted to the left end of the pool body (11), and the other end of the air outlet pipe (13) extends into the interior of the pool body (11) and is located to the left of the leftmost deodorizing filter layer (22).
6. A biological filter for removing malodorous gases according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side plate (23) has an inclined surface on the side near the air inlet pipe (12), and the width of the side plate (23) near the inner wall of the pool body (11) is greater than the width of the other side.
7. A biological filter for removing malodorous gases according to claim 2, characterized in that: Limiting blocks (210) are welded to both sides of the box body (21), and the limiting blocks (210) are slidably connected inside the limiting groove (29).