Calcium-based biological membrane self-repairing slope protection structure
The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure solves the problems of large ecological damage, single repair effect and high maintenance cost of traditional slope repair methods, and realizes efficient ecological restoration and long-term stability of slopes, which is particularly suitable for complex geological environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SOUTHWEAT UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-15
AI Technical Summary
Traditional slope restoration methods suffer from significant ecological damage, limited restoration effects, high maintenance costs, and insufficient stability and durability in complex climatic and geological environments.
The self-healing slope protection structure based on travertine biofilm includes a reinforcement support layer, a travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer, a biofilm layer, and a plant-microbe repair layer. Through the synergistic effect of the layers, it provides structural stability, nutritional support, and ecological restoration functions, and utilizes microbial metabolism to promote calcium carbonate deposition to achieve self-repair.
It achieves efficient ecological restoration and long-term stability of slopes, enhances their resistance to erosion, adapts to complex environments, and reduces maintenance costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN224243913U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of slope ecological restoration technology, specifically relating to a travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure. Background Technology
[0002] The importance of slope restoration is increasingly prominent in infrastructure construction and geological disaster management. However, frequent slope problems such as landslides, collapses, and soil erosion pose significant challenges to slope restoration. Traditional slope protection methods, such as shotcrete and soil nailing, while stabilizing slopes to some extent, suffer from significant ecological damage and limited restoration functions, failing to meet the needs of ecological restoration and long-term stability.
[0003] Traditional slope restoration methods rely heavily on engineering techniques, such as soil nailing and shotcrete. While these methods can stabilize slopes to some extent, they have several drawbacks: First, engineering measures often cause secondary damage to the original ecological environment, isolating the natural connections of the ecosystem and hindering its self-repair and long-term maintenance. Second, their restoration effects are relatively singular, failing to address ecological functions such as vegetation restoration and soil improvement, and thus unable to fundamentally solve the problem of slope ecological degradation. Furthermore, the stability and durability of restoration materials are often affected by complex climatic conditions and geological environments. External adverse factors such as climate change and water erosion can damage restoration materials, leading to unsatisfactory restoration results. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure, which solves the problems of high ecological damage, limited repair effects, and high maintenance costs associated with existing slope protection structures.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure is provided, comprising a slope base, on which a reinforcement support layer, a travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer, a biofilm layer and a plant-microbe repair layer are arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; a drainage layer is provided at the bottom of the slope base.
[0007] A travertine-based nutrient framework layer is disposed above the reinforcing support layer. The travertine-based nutrient framework layer includes a framework layer, a nutrient-framework layer, and a nutrient layer.
[0008] The biofilm layer is set on the surface of the travertine-based nutrient framework layer, and the plant-microbe repair layer is set on the surface of the biofilm layer.
[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the reinforcement support layer, set on top of the slope base, provides support for the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer, thereby improving the stability of the entire slope protection structure; the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer adopts a three-layer gradient structure, which not only ensures the overall stability of the slope protection structure but also provides necessary nutritional support for plant growth. The skeleton layer, as the bottom layer of the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer, has good air permeability, facilitating the flow of water and nutrients. The nutrient-skeleton layer, as the middle layer, not only provides structural support but also provides nutritional support for plant growth, promoting root development. The nutrient layer, as the top layer... The first layer provides ample nutrients for early plant growth, promoting rapid growth and deep root development. The biofilm layer on the surface of the travertine-based nutrient framework layer not only continuously improves the soil environment but also promotes calcium carbonate deposition through microbial metabolism, achieving a self-repairing function. The outermost plant-microbe repair layer uses deep-rooted plants whose roots penetrate the framework layer to form a mechanical anchoring network, effectively enhancing the slope's erosion resistance. In addition, the drainage layer at the base of the slope effectively removes water from the slope, preventing slope instability caused by water accumulation, thereby improving the slope's durability.
[0010] This slope protection structure is simple, easy to construct, and has low maintenance costs. At the same time, it utilizes an ecological restoration structure of "layered synergy and biological self-repair" to not only stabilize the slope but also promote the restoration of the ecosystem. Through the synergistic effect of the biofilm layer and the plant-microbe restoration layer, it effectively improves the self-repair capacity and restoration effect of the slope protection structure, enabling it to adapt to complex climatic conditions and geological environments and achieve long-term slope stability.
[0011] Furthermore, the thickness of the skeleton layer is 5~10cm, and the porosity of the skeleton layer is 25%~30%.
[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the skeleton layer with a thickness of 5~10cm can provide sufficient structural support to ensure the stability of the entire slope protection structure, while the porosity of 25%~30% can make the skeleton layer have an appropriate amount of voids, which is conducive to the flow of water and nutrients, thereby helping the growth and development of plant roots, improving the plant's nutrient absorption efficiency, and thus promoting plant growth.
[0013] Furthermore, the thickness of the nutrient skeleton layer is 5-10 cm, and the porosity of the nutrient skeleton layer is 35%-40%.
[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the nutrient skeleton layer with a thickness of 5~10cm not only ensures sufficient nutrient reserves, but also avoids the increase in cost and construction difficulty caused by excessive layer thickness. The porosity of 35%~40% can make the internal structure of the nutrient skeleton layer relatively loose, which is conducive to the release and circulation of nutrients, and helps plant roots to better absorb and utilize nutrients, thereby improving the utilization rate of nutrients.
[0015] Furthermore, the thickness of the nutrient layer is 5-10 cm, and the porosity of the nutrient layer is 45%-55%.
[0016] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the nutrient layer with a thickness of 5-10cm ensures sufficient organic matter and nutrient supplements, which is conducive to the growth and absorption of plant roots, while the nutrient layer with a porosity of 45%-55% can provide sufficient growth space for plant roots, so that the roots can extend freely in the gaps, thereby improving the fixation of plant roots on the soil and the absorption capacity of the roots.
[0017] Furthermore, the biofilm layer has a thickness of 0.5~5mm and a porosity of 20%~40%.
[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the biofilm layer thickness is 0.5~5mm, which can provide sufficient attachment area for microbial growth and reproduction. It can ensure that microorganisms have enough living space, and avoid the increase in cost and decrease in air permeability caused by excessive layer thickness. The porosity of 20%~40% is conducive to gas slowing and nutrient transport, which can provide a suitable growth environment for microorganisms.
[0019] Furthermore, the plant-microbe repair layer consists of one or more deep-rooted plants, such as Bermuda grass, Zoysia japonica, and Digitaria sanguinalis.
[0020] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the plant-microbe repair layer is mainly formed by its roots penetrating deep into the soil, intertwining with the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer and the biofilm layer, which further enhances the stability of the slope. In addition, the mixed sowing of bermudagrass and zoysia grass seeds forms a complementary structure of deep and shallow roots, and bermudagrass is deeply anchored in the skeleton layer to balance the needs of slope stabilization and landscape.
[0021] Furthermore, the reinforcing support layer includes a metal mesh or geogrid.
[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the metal mesh has high strength and good tensile properties, which can effectively disperse and bear the external forces on the slope, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire slope protection structure; while the geogrid can form a good interlocking effect with the soil, improve the shear strength of the soil, further strengthen the slope, and prevent landslides and collapses.
[0023] Furthermore, the drainage layer includes gravel drainage blocks with a diameter of 3-6 cm.
[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the crushed stone drainage blocks have good permeability, and their diameter of 3~6cm allows water to flow smoothly, effectively draining the water inside the slope, thereby helping to reduce the slope stability decline and soil erosion problems caused by water accumulation.
[0025] In summary, the beneficial effects of the travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure provided by this utility model are as follows:
[0026] (1) This slope protection structure achieves high efficiency, stability and long-term nature of slope ecological restoration through the ecological restoration structure of "layered synergy and biological self-repair". It combines multiple restoration methods such as travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer, biofilm layer and plant-microbe restoration layer, which not only enhances the stability of the slope, but also promotes the self-repair and long-term maintenance of the ecosystem. It effectively solves the problems of poor existing slope restoration effect and high maintenance cost, and is particularly suitable for ecological restoration of complex geological environments such as high slopes in mines.
[0027] (2) The reinforcement support layer in the slope protection structure can significantly enhance the overall strength and deformation resistance of the slope protection structure, effectively prevent the slope from landslide and collapse, and ensure the stable laying and long-term use of subsequent layers.
[0028] (3) The travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer in the slope protection structure adopts a three-layer gradient structure, which not only ensures the overall stability of the slope protection structure, but also provides necessary nutrient support for plants. The nutrient layer promotes the initial growth of plants, the nutrient-skeleton layer maintains the mid-term nutrient supply, and the skeleton layer ensures the strength of the basic structure. The synergistic effect of each layer achieves long-term slope protection function.
[0029] (4) The biofilm layer in the slope protection structure is made of aerobic functional bacteria loaded with a polymer biodegradable membrane. Through microbial metabolic activities, it continuously improves the soil environment, promotes calcium carbonate deposition, and realizes the self-repair function of the structure.
[0030] (5) The plant-microbe restoration layer in the slope protection structure is located on the outermost layer. It adopts deep-rooted plants and mycorrhizal fungi in symbiosis. The roots penetrate the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer to form a mechanical anchoring network, which effectively enhances the slope protection structure's erosion resistance and ensures rapid soil stabilization and long-term stability of the slope. Attached Figure Description
[0031] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the travertine-based nutrient framework layer in this utility model;
[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the biofilm layer in this utility model;
[0034] The structure includes: 1. Travertine-based nutrient framework layer; 11. Framework layer; 12. Nutrient-framework layer; 13. Nutrient layer; 2. Biofilm layer; 3. Plant-microbe repair layer; 4. Reinforcement and support layer; 5. Drainage layer. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model. However, it should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the scope of the specific embodiments. For those skilled in the art, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of this utility model as defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious. All utility model creations utilizing the concept of this utility model are within the scope of protection.
[0036] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure provided by this utility model includes a slope base. From the inside out, the slope base is sequentially provided with a reinforcement support layer 4, a travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer 1, a biofilm layer 2, and a plant-microbe repair layer 3. A drainage layer 5 is provided at the bottom of the slope base. The reinforcement support layer is located on top of the slope base and provides support for the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer 1, thereby improving the stability of the entire slope protection structure. The travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer 1 ensures the overall stability of the slope protection structure and provides necessary nutritional support for plant growth. The biofilm layer 2 on the surface of the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer not only continuously improves the soil environment but also promotes calcium carbonate deposition through microbial metabolism, achieving the structure's self-healing function. The outermost plant-microbe repair layer 3 uses deep-rooted plants; the plant roots penetrate the skeleton layer to form a mechanical anchoring network, effectively enhancing the slope protection structure's resistance to erosion. In addition, the drainage layer 5 located at the base of the slope base effectively removes water from the slope, preventing slope instability caused by water accumulation, thereby improving the slope's durability.
[0037] In this utility model, the reinforcing support layer 4 includes a metal mesh or a geogrid; the metal mesh has high strength and good tensile properties, which can effectively disperse and bear the external forces on the slope, thereby enhancing the stability of the entire slope protection structure; while the geogrid can form a good interlocking effect with the soil, improve the shear strength of the soil, further reinforce the slope, and prevent landslides and collapses.
[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer 1 is configured as a three-layer structure: the bottom layer is the skeleton layer 11, the middle layer is the nutrient-skeleton layer 12, and the top layer is the nutrient layer 13. The thickness ratio of the skeleton layer 11, the nutrient-skeleton layer 12, and the nutrient layer 13 is 1:1:1. The skeleton layer 11 is the bottom layer, with a thickness of 5-10 cm, preferably 8 cm. The skeleton layer 11 is composed of travertine matrix, substrate, cement, and porous minerals in a weight ratio of 10:4:8:5, wherein the particle size of the travertine matrix and porous minerals is 1 mm. Before spraying, the travertine matrix, substrate, and porous minerals must be mixed evenly using a horizontal mixer, and then ordinary cement is added and thoroughly mixed. During spraying, the spray thickness is 2-4 cm; multiple sprays are applied to reach the predetermined thickness to form a porous structure with a porosity of 25%-30%. The nutrient-skeleton layer 12 is located in the middle layer, with a thickness of 5-10 cm, preferably 8 cm. It is composed of travertine matrix, bottom mud, cement, porous minerals, organic matter, and nutrient supplements in a weight ratio of 10:4:10:3:1:1, wherein the travertine matrix and porous minerals have a particle size of 3 mm. The construction is the same as that of the skeleton layer 11, and the porosity is 35%-40%. The nutrient layer 13 is located on the surface, with a thickness of 5-10 cm, preferably 8 cm. It is composed of travertine matrix, bottom mud, cement, porous minerals, organic matter, and nutrient supplements in a weight ratio of 10:4:10:3:2:2, wherein the travertine matrix and porous minerals have a particle size of 5 mm. The construction is the same as that of the skeleton layer 11, and the porosity is 45%-55%.
[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, biofilm layer 2 is disposed on the surface of travertine-based nutrient framework layer 1. Biofilm layer 2 has a thickness of 0.5~5mm and a porosity of 20%~40%. Biofilm layer 2 is formed by the following process: a compound bacterial agent is prepared by mixing nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria and carbonate mineralizing bacteria at a mass ratio of 1:1:1, and then mixed with nutrient solution at a ratio of 1:8 to obtain an active microbial suspension; the suspension is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the travertine-based framework layer at a spraying rate of 120mL / m², and then placed in an environment with a relative humidity of 85% and a temperature of 28℃ for 3 days to finally form a biofilm with a thickness of 3mm and a porosity of 30%; the biofilm layer 2 is evenly covered on the surface of the framework layer by uniformly spraying the active microbial suspension. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen fertilizer that plants can absorb, while phosphate-solubilizing bacteria decompose insoluble phosphorus in the soil into a form available to plants. Carbonate-mineralizing bacteria achieve structural self-repair by producing calcium carbonate precipitates through metabolism. Simultaneously, the optimal ratio and mixing of these three types of bacteria result in synergistic effects within the microbial community. Controlling the spraying amount, temperature, pH, and incubation time provides the best growth environment for the microorganisms, achieving the best biofilm effect. The biofilm has moderate thickness, high porosity, and high microbial activity, possessing both self-repair and ecological regulation functions.
[0040] In this invention, the plant-microbe repair layer 3 is disposed on the surface of the biofilm layer 2. The plant-microbe repair layer 3 can be one or more deep-rooted plants among Bermuda grass, Zoysia japonica, and Digitaria sanguinalis. When using it, the plant-microbe repair layer 3 is made by mixing Bermuda grass and Zoysia japonica at a mass ratio of 2:3. During construction, the seeds are mixed with water and sprayed evenly onto the surface of the nutrient layer 13 using a spray bottle.
[0041] In summary, the travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure provided by this utility model achieves high efficiency, stability, and long-term sustainability in slope ecological restoration through a "layered synergy, biological self-repair" ecological restoration structure. Furthermore, it combines multiple restoration methods—travertine-based nutrient framework layer 1, biofilm layer 2, and plant-microbe restoration layer 3—which not only enhances slope stability but also promotes the self-repair and long-term maintenance of the ecosystem. This effectively solves the problems of poor existing slope restoration effects and high maintenance costs, making it particularly suitable for ecological restoration in complex geological environments such as steep mining slopes.
Claims
1. A travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure, characterized in that: The slope base includes a reinforced support layer (4), a travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer (1), a biofilm layer (2), and a plant-microbe repair layer (3) arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside; a drainage layer (5) is provided at the bottom of the slope base. The travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer (1) is disposed above the reinforcing support layer (4), and the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer (1) includes a skeleton layer (11), a nutrient-skeleton layer (12) and a nutrient layer (13). The biofilm layer (2) is disposed on the surface of the travertine-based nutrient skeleton layer (1), and the plant-microbe repair layer (3) is disposed on the surface of the biofilm layer (2).
2. The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the skeleton layer (11) is 5~10cm, and the porosity of the skeleton layer (11) is 25%~30%.
3. The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the nutrient skeleton layer is 5-10 cm, and the porosity of the nutrient skeleton layer is 35%-40%.
4. The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the nutrient layer (13) is 5~10cm, and the porosity of the nutrient layer (13) is 45%~55%.
5. The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biofilm layer (2) has a thickness of 0.5~5mm and a porosity of 20%~40%.
6. The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant-microbe repair layer consists of one or more deep-rooted plants, such as Bermuda grass, Zoysia japonica, and Digitaria sanguinalis.
7. The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing support layer (4) includes a metal mesh or geogrid.
8. The travertine-based biofilm self-healing slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage layer (5) includes gravel drainage blocks with a diameter of 3-6 cm.