Passive electronic lock

Abstract

The utility model relates to a passive electronic lock, which comprises a mounting shell, a locking mechanism, a locking mechanism, a locking mechanism and a locking mechanism, and is characterized in that the mounting shell is fixed in a door cabinet body; the lock shell is composed of a rear lock shell and a front panel, the rear lock shell is provided with a rear cavity and a front cavity from back to front, the rear cavity is distributed in the longitudinal direction, the front cavity is communicated with the rear cavity, and a through hole opposite to the stop groove is formed in the rear lock shell; the locking component is arranged on the lock shell; the driving device is configured in the rear chamber; the input end of the first transmission mechanism is in transmission fit with the driving device, the output end of the first transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with a lock hook, and the locking rod can be inserted into the stop groove after penetrating through the through hole; the circuit control board is electrically connected with the driving device; an electric energy receiving module and a communication module are arranged in the circuit control board. The passive lock provided by the utility model is compact in structure, convenient to operate and high in reliability, and adaptive electronic equipment is driven to supply power to the lockset through modes such as a lock circuit control board and an APP.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of lock product technology, and in particular to a passive electronic lock. Background Technology

[0002] Locks are devices used to close and protect items, spaces, or facilities, and come in various types and functions. Locks are generally divided into mechanical locks and electronic locks.

[0003] Existing technology example 1, referring to patent document CN109577750B, provides an electronic lock, including a lock body; a bolt assembly movably disposed on the lock body; a transmission assembly movably disposed on the lock body and connected to the bolt assembly; an electric drive mechanism disposed on the lock body and connected to the transmission assembly, used to drive the bolt assembly to extend and retract relative to the lock body; a lock cylinder disposed on the lock body; an unlocking plate, one end connected to the lock cylinder, the other end capable of driving the transmission assembly to rotate so that the bolt assembly extends and retracts relative to the lock body; a corner limiting range disposed on the transmission assembly; the unlocking plate can rotate freely relative to the transmission assembly within the corner limiting range, and can abut against the edge of the corner limiting range to drive the transmission assembly to rotate. The electronic lock of technology example 1 has at least the following advantages: it achieves electric unlocking, has a complex transmission structure, and also incorporates a safety hook, resulting in high locking security; its disadvantages include at least the following: numerous components and an unoptimized connection structure, leading to an excessively large overall size of the lock, limiting its installation and use scenarios; and, in the event of a malfunction in the electric unlocking mechanism, it lacks a temporary mechanical unlocking function, presenting a significant limitation in its use.

[0004] Existing technology example 2, referring to patent document DE10206991B4, discloses a combination lock for furniture having a plurality of counting wheels connected to individual cams and individual clutches. This lock operates using a template including a multi-spring that presses the locking system into an open position and resets the coded release. The user can open the lock using a password. When the lock is in the open state, the counter wheels can be rotated to hide the code without locking the system. If the password is forgotten or entered incorrectly, a simple spare lock can be used to set the password and open the lock. The lock of technology example 2 has at least the following advantages: the components are more compact in spatial distribution, greatly reducing the overall size of the lock and enabling its installation and use in larger environments; its disadvantages include at least the following: a single unlocking method, lacking modern, intelligent electronic unlocking capabilities; and the inability to unlock if the password is forgotten, resulting in a usability defect.

[0005] Example 3 of the prior art, referring to patent document CN223048594U, discloses a low-power electronic lock that reduces power consumption. It includes a lock body, a lock cylinder tail, a motor, a rotating shaft, a cam, an elastic element, and a locking element. The lock body has a movable cavity, and the side wall of the movable cavity has a first locking groove. The lock cylinder tail is rotatably fitted within the movable cavity and has a mounting cavity. The side wall of the mounting cavity has a limiting rib and a movable hole extending to the circumference of the lock cylinder tail. The motor is fixed within the mounting cavity. The rotating shaft is connected to the motor drive and has a stop angle on its side. The cam is rotatably fitted onto the rotating shaft, and its circumference has an arc surface, a second locking groove, and a limiting groove in sequence. The inner wall of the cam has a limiting notch connecting to the limiting groove. The limiting rib is movably fitted within the limiting groove, and the stop angle is movably fitted within the limiting notch. The elastic element is used to drive the cam to reset. The locking element is movably fitted within the movable hole and, with the relative rotation of the lock cylinder tail within the lock body, movably fitted within the first or second locking groove. The lock in Technical Example 3 has at least the following advantages: small size, allowing for installation and use in a wider range of scenarios; and electronic unlocking functionality. Its disadvantages include: the electronic lock body components are concentrated in the front area of ​​the lock, resulting in uneven weight distribution and a top-heavy design, which will reduce the reliability of installation and use. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a passive electronic lock, which has many advantages such as small size, easy installation, wide range of use scenarios, electronic unlocking function, and reasonable front and rear weight distribution.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model to solve its technical problem is: a passive electronic lock, comprising:

[0008] The mounting housing is fixed to the cabinet body, and a stop groove is provided on the mounting housing.

[0009] The lock housing consists of a rear lock housing and a front panel, wherein the rear lock housing has a rear chamber distributed longitudinally from back to front and a front chamber communicating with the rear chamber, and the rear lock housing has a through hole that is aligned with the stop groove.

[0010] A locking member is disposed on a lock housing, the locking member having an unlocked position state and a locked position state;

[0011] A drive unit, which is configured in the rear chamber;

[0012] A first transmission mechanism is disposed in the front chamber. The input end of the first transmission mechanism is in transmission engagement with the drive device, and the output end of the first transmission mechanism is connected to a locking hook. The locking rod can be inserted into the stop groove after passing through the through hole.

[0013] A circuit control board is disposed in the front chamber and is electrically connected to the drive device; the circuit control board has a power receiving module that can be electrically connected to an external electronic device and realize power transmission; the circuit control board has a communication module that can be communication connected to an external electronic device.

[0014] When the lock hook passes through the through hole and is inserted into the stop groove, the lock hook and the side wall of the stop groove form a structural interference, which prevents the lock housing from rotating relative to the mounting housing, thereby restricting the locking component from switching between the unlocked position and the locked position.

[0015] When the lock hook disengages from the stop groove, the structural interference between the lock hook and the side wall of the stop groove is eliminated, allowing the lock housing to rotate relative to the mounting housing. During the rotation, the locking component switches between the unlocked and locked positions.

[0016] The above structural scheme has the following workflow: 1. Unlocking process: The user inputs identity information (e.g., swiping a card) through the communication module on the front panel → The communication module transmits a valid signal to the circuit control board → The control board drives the device (e.g., the motor rotates forward) → The drive device moves the lock hook through the first transmission mechanism, exiting from the stop groove of the mounting housing → The structural interference between the lock housing and the mounting housing is eliminated, and the lock housing can rotate relative to the mounting housing (rotating the lock housing achieves unlocking). 2. Locking process: When locking is required, the circuit control board receives a trigger signal → Controls the drive device to reverse (e.g., the motor reverses) → The first transmission mechanism drives the lock hook to reset, passing through the through hole of the rear lock housing and inserting into the stop groove → The lock housing and the mounting housing form interference, restricting rotation (achieving locking).

[0017] The advantages of adopting the above structural design are at least as follows: First, it is compact in structure, with a longitudinal layout of "rear chamber + front chamber" in the rear lock housing, which allows for layered storage of power, transmission, and control components, balanced front and rear weight distribution, improved product reliability, and reduced overall size. Second, it is convenient to operate; after unlocking, the door can be opened directly by "rotating the lock housing," simplifying user actions; electronic identification replaces the traditional mechanical key, improving ease of use. Third, it has high reliability; the modular design facilitates maintenance (such as individual replacement of the power supply and communication modules); the rigid interference fit between the lock hook and the stop groove ensures stable locking.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a mechanical unlocking mechanism is further included, which includes a rotary lock body and a second transmission mechanism, both of which are disposed in the front chamber.

[0019] The input end of the second transmission mechanism is engaged with the rotary drum lock body, and the output end of the second transmission mechanism is engaged with the lock hook, thereby driving the lock hook to insert into the stop groove or disengage from the stop groove.

[0020] The lock housing has an operating opening that is compatible with the rotary lock body.

[0021] The structural scheme of the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, with its collaborative design with the electronic system, means that the mechanical unlocking mechanism and the electronic unlocking system share the same lock hook, respectively realizing electronic unlocking and mechanical unlocking functions. This overcomes the limitation of electronic locks relying on electricity and circuits; even if electronic components malfunction, the lock can still be unlocked with a mechanical key, meeting the safety standard that locks "must have emergency opening capabilities."

[0022] Preferably, the mechanical unlocking mechanism further includes a reset component, which acts on the locked second transmission mechanism so that the second transmission mechanism always has a tendency to move away from the lock hook.

[0023] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, the second transmission mechanism includes a cam block, a transmission block, and a swing rod;

[0024] The cam block is mounted on the rotary lock body and rotates together with the rotary lock body;

[0025] The swing rod swings around the swing axis, and the swing rod is composed of a first end and a second end distributed on both sides of the swing axis. The first end forms a transmission engagement with the lock hook, and the reset member abuts between the second end and the lock housing.

[0026] The transmission block is located between the second end and the cam block, and the cam block forms a transmission engagement with the second end of the swing rod through the transmission block.

[0027] Optionally, the driving device is a motor, and the first transmission mechanism includes an output worm, a plurality of meshing reduction gears, and an output gear;

[0028] The output worm gear is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor;

[0029] The input end of the reduction gear meshes with the output worm to form a transmission engagement, and the output end of the reduction gear meshes with the output gear to form a transmission engagement.

[0030] The output gear and the locking hook are distributed along the same axis, and a torsion spring is provided between the output gear and the locking hook, and the power is transmitted between the output gear and the locking hook through the torsion spring.

[0031] Preferably, the output gear has a first accommodating cavity, the locking hook has a second accommodating cavity, a portion of the torsion spring is located in the first accommodating cavity, and the other portion of the torsion spring is located in the second accommodating cavity;

[0032] The first accommodating cavity has a first fixing groove, and the second accommodating cavity has a second fixing groove. One end of the torsion spring is inserted into the first fixing groove, and the other end is inserted into the second fixing groove.

[0033] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, a protective cover is provided in the lock housing, and the driving device, the first transmission mechanism and the lock hook are installed inside the protective cover.

[0034] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, a spring-loaded element is provided on one of the lock housing and the mounting housing, and a plurality of stop slots are provided on the other of the lock housing and the mounting housing, and the spring-loaded element can enter any one of the stop slots;

[0035] When the lock housing can rotate relative to the mounting housing, the spring-loaded element can enter into the stop groove or leave the stop groove.

[0036] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, a display module is also provided inside the lock housing, and the display module is electrically connected to the circuit control board.

[0037] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, a partition is provided in the pre-cavity, which divides the pre-cavity into a front region and a rear region.

[0038] The circuit control board is located in the front area, the first transmission mechanism and the mechanical unlocking mechanism are both located in the rear area, and the mechanical unlocking mechanism is located below the first transmission mechanism.

[0039] The partition plate is provided with a motion guide groove, and the locking hook is at least partially located in the motion guide groove. The locking hook can abut against the inner walls on both sides of the motion guide groove to form a limiting and stopping fit.

[0040] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0041] 1. The structure is compact, with a longitudinal layout of "rear chamber + front chamber" in the rear lock housing, which allows the power, transmission and control components to be stored in layers, and the front and rear weights are balanced, which improves product reliability and reduces the overall size.

[0042] Second, it is easy to operate. After unlocking, the door can be opened directly by "turning the lock housing", which simplifies the user's actions; electronic recognition replaces the traditional mechanical key, improving the convenience of use.

[0043] Third, it has high reliability and modular design for easy maintenance (such as replacing the power supply and communication module separately); the rigid interference fit between the locking hook and the stop groove ensures stable locking.

[0044] IV. Passive locks, which are powered by compatible electronic devices driven by lock circuit control boards, APPs, etc. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model when it is locked.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model when it is unlocked.

[0047] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of this utility model.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when it is locked, and an enlarged schematic diagram of its partial structure.

[0050] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when it is unlocked, and an enlarged schematic diagram of its partial structure.

[0051] Figure 7 It contains assembly and exploded views of the drive unit, the first transmission mechanism, and the locking hook.

[0052] Figure 8 It is an assembly drawing of the torsion spring, locking hook, and output gear.

[0053] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram comparing the local structure of the locking hook before and after its movement.

[0054] Figure 10 This is a comparative diagram of the mechanical unlocking mechanism and the locking hook during unlocking and locking.

[0055] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model when the cap is opened.

[0056] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram showing the installation housing and lock housing when separated.

[0057] Figure 13 This is a structural diagram of the partition and transmission block.

[0058] In the diagram: 1. Mounting housing; 11. Stop groove; 12. Stop groove; 2. Lock housing; 21. Rear lock housing; 211. Through hole; 22. Front panel; 23. Rear chamber; 24. Front chamber; 241. Partition; 2411. Motion guide groove; 242. Front area; 243. Rear area; 25. Operating opening; 251. Cover; 26. Protective cover; 27. Spring stop element; 28. Display module; 3. Locking component; 4. Drive device; 5. First transmission mechanism; 51. Output worm gear; 52. Reduction gear; 5 3. Output gear; 531. First accommodating cavity; 532. First fixing groove; 54. Torsion spring; 541. One end; 542. The other end; 61. Lock hook; 611. Second accommodating cavity; 612. Second fixing groove; 7. Mechanical unlocking mechanism; 71. Rotary drum lock body; 72. Second transmission mechanism; 721. Cam block; 722. Transmission block; 723. Swing block; 7231. First end; 7232. Second end; 723a. Swing shaft; 73. Reset component; 8. Circuit control board; 9. Communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments are merely specific descriptions of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention.

[0060] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0061] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0062] Example 1

[0063] Reference Figures 1 to 13A passive electronic lock includes: a mounting housing 1 fixed to a cabinet body, wherein the mounting housing 1 has a stop groove 11; a lock housing 2, which is composed of a rear lock housing 21 (which may be a single piece or assembled from separate pieces, not limited here) and a front panel 22, wherein the rear lock housing 21 has a rear chamber 23 and a front chamber 24 arranged longitudinally from back to front, and the rear lock housing 21 has a through hole 211 opposite to the stop groove 11; a locking member 3 disposed on the lock housing 2, wherein the locking member 3 has an unlocked position state and a locked position state; and a drive device 4 disposed in the rear chamber 23. A first transmission mechanism 5 is disposed in the front chamber 24. The input end of the first transmission mechanism 5 is in transmission cooperation with the drive device 4, and the output end of the first transmission mechanism 5 is connected to a locking hook 61. The locking rod can be inserted into the stop groove 11 after passing through the through hole 211. A circuit control board 8 is disposed in the front chamber 24 and is electrically connected to the drive device 4. The circuit control board 8 has a power receiving module that can be electrically connected to an external electronic device to realize power transmission. The circuit control board 8 also has a communication module 9 that can be communicationally connected to an external electronic device. Specifically: when the locking hook 61 passes through the through hole 211 and is inserted into the stop groove 11, the locking hook 61 and the side wall of the stop groove 11 form a structural interference, preventing the lock housing 2 (where the locking hook 61 is located) from rotating relative to the mounting housing 1 (where the stop groove 11 is located), thereby restricting the locking member 3 from switching between the unlocked and locked positions; when the locking hook 61 is disengaged from the stop groove 11, the structural interference between the locking hook 61 and the side wall of the stop groove 11 is eliminated, allowing the lock housing 2 to rotate relative to the mounting housing 1, and thus the locking member 3 switches between the unlocked and locked positions during the rotation.

[0064] The above structural scheme has the following workflow: 1. Unlocking process: The user inputs identity information (such as mobile phone NFC, card swiping) through the communication module 9 of the front panel 22 → the communication module 9 transmits a valid signal to the circuit control board 8 → the control board drive device 4 starts (such as the motor rotating forward) → the drive device 4 drives the lock hook 61 to move through the first transmission mechanism 5, exiting from the stop groove 11 of the mounting housing 1 → the structural interference between the lock housing 2 and the mounting housing 1 is eliminated, and the lock housing 2 can rotate relative to the mounting housing 1 (rotating the lock housing 2 achieves unlocking). 2. Locking process: When locking is required, the circuit control board 8 receives a trigger signal → controls the drive device 4 to reverse (such as the motor reversing) → the first transmission mechanism 5 drives the lock hook 61 to reset, passing through the through hole 211 of the rear lock housing 21 and inserting into the stop groove 11 → the lock housing 2 and the mounting housing 1 form interference, restricting rotation (achieving locking).

[0065] The advantages of adopting the above structural scheme are at least as follows: First, it has a compact structure. The rear lock housing 21 has a longitudinal layout of "rear chamber 23 + front chamber 24", which allows for layered storage of power, transmission, and control components, balanced front and rear weight distribution, improved product reliability, and reduced overall size. Second, it is easy to operate. After unlocking, the door can be opened directly by "rotating the lock housing 2", simplifying user actions; electronic identification replaces the traditional mechanical key, improving ease of use. Third, it has high reliability. The modular design facilitates maintenance; the rigid interference fit between the lock hook 61 and the stop groove 11 ensures stable locking.

[0066] It is worth mentioning that the rear lock housing 21 can be a single piece or assembled from multiple separate parts, and no special limitation is made here.

[0067] One optional power supply method is to connect the circuit control board 8 to an external power source (such as a mobile phone NFC powering the circuit control board 8 through electromagnetic induction, the core mechanism of which is to convert the radio frequency signal emitted by the mobile phone into electrical energy) to directly achieve power supply, forming a passive lock, which is a lock widely used in various boxes and cabinets in the industrial field for security management.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] Reference Figure 10 In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 is further included. The mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 includes a rotary lock body 71 and a second transmission mechanism 72. Both the rotary lock body 71 and the second transmission mechanism 72 are disposed in the front chamber 24. The input end of the second transmission mechanism 72 forms a transmission engagement with the rotary lock body 71, and the output end of the second transmission mechanism 72 forms a transmission engagement with the lock hook 61, thereby driving the lock hook 61 to be inserted into the stop groove 11 or disengaged from the stop groove 11. The lock housing 2 has an operating opening 25 adapted to the rotary lock body 71.

[0070] The structural scheme of the above-mentioned preferred embodiment, with its collaborative design with the electronic system, means that the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 and the electronic unlocking system share the same lock hook 61, respectively realizing electronic unlocking and mechanical unlocking functions. This solves the limitation of electronic locks relying on electricity and circuits. Even if the electronic components fail, the lock can still be unlocked with a mechanical key, meeting the safety standard that locks "must have emergency opening capabilities".

[0071] In terms of layout, both the rotary lock body 71 and the second transmission mechanism 72 are located in the front chamber 24, sharing the same space with the first transmission mechanism 5, the circuit control board 8, and the power supply. This design requires a compact structural plan to avoid interference with other components while ensuring the stability of the mechanical transmission. In terms of structural compatibility, integrating the mechanical transmission mechanism into the front chamber 24 eliminates the need for additional expansion of the lock body volume, maintains a compact overall structure, and does not affect the layout of the original electronic system.

[0072] Optionally, refer to Figure 11 A removable cover 251 is provided at the operating opening 25 to close the operating opening 25 when not in use, which takes into account the effects of practicality, dust prevention and aesthetics.

[0073] The working logic of the mechanical unlocking function in this embodiment is as follows:

[0074] Mechanical unlocking process: When electronic unlocking fails, the user inserts the matching key through the "operation opening 25" of the lock housing 2, and rotates the rotary lock body 71 with the key → the rotation of the rotary lock body 71 drives the second transmission mechanism 72 to operate → the second transmission mechanism 72 transmits power to the lock hook 61, driving it to exit from the stop groove 11 of the mounting housing 1 → the interference between the lock housing 2 and the mounting housing 1 is eliminated, and they can rotate relative to each other (achieving emergency unlocking).

[0075] Mechanical locking process: If mechanical locking is required (e.g., electronic locking function fails), turn the key in the opposite direction → the rotary lock body 71 drives the lock hook 61 to reset through the second transmission mechanism 72, and inserts it into the stop groove 11 through the through hole 211 of the rear lock shell 21 → the lock shell 2 and the mounting shell 1 interfere with each other, restricting rotation (achieving mechanical locking).

[0076] Without the reset component 73, after a mechanical unlocking operation (such as when the key turns, causing the second transmission mechanism 72 to drive the lock hook 61 to unlock), the second transmission mechanism 72 may remain in contact with the lock hook 61 due to inertia or structural clearance. In this case, when the electronic system drives the lock hook 61 to move (such as locking or unlocking) via the first transmission mechanism 5, the movement of the lock hook 61 may cause a rigid collision or friction with the unreset second transmission mechanism 72, leading to a malfunction. To solve the aforementioned defects, a preferred solution is: [Refer to...] Figure 10The mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 further includes a reset component 73, which acts on the locked second transmission mechanism 72 so that the second transmission mechanism 72 always has a tendency to move away from the locking hook 61.

[0077] The core function of the reset member 73 is that the second transmission mechanism 72 will only approach and drive the lock hook 61 against the elastic force of the reset member 73 during mechanical unlocking operations; after the operation is completed, the reset member 73 immediately drives the second transmission mechanism 72 to disengage from the lock hook 61 and return to the non-contact state. In other words, by continuously applying a force "away from the lock hook 61", the reset member 73 ensures that after the mechanical operation is completed (the key is removed), the second transmission mechanism 72 can automatically disengage from the lock hook 61, placing it in a "standby but not in contact" state.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] The preferred structural schemes for each transmission mechanism in this utility model are as follows:

[0080] I. First Transmission Mechanism 5: Refer to Figures 3-9 The driving device 4 is a motor, and the first transmission mechanism 5 includes an output worm 51, several meshing reduction gears 52, and an output gear 53. The output worm 51 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor. The input end of each reduction gear 52 meshes with the output worm 51 to form a transmission engagement, and the output end of each reduction gear 52 meshes with the output gear 53 to form a transmission engagement. Optionally, the reduction gear 52 is a double gear, consisting of two gear sections with different numbers of teeth, to achieve a speed change (deceleration or acceleration) function. The input end of the reduction gear 52 adopts a worm wheel shape adapted to the worm to achieve a transmission connection. The output gear 53 and the locking hook 61 are distributed along the same axial direction, and a torsion spring 54 is provided between the output gear 53 and the locking hook 61, transmitting power between them through the torsion spring 54.

[0081] The first transmission mechanism 5 achieves a large-ratio reduction through the combination of worm gear and reduction gear 52 (the worm gear transmission itself has the characteristic of a single-stage large reduction ratio, and with the multi-stage reduction gear 52, the high-speed low-torque output of the motor can be converted into the low-speed high-torque thrust required by the locking hook 61), ensuring that the locking hook 61 can overcome the resistance such as the fit gap of the stop groove 11 and dust, and accurately complete the locking / unlocking action.

[0082] On the other hand, the output gear 53 and the locking hook 61 are coaxially distributed and power is transmitted through the torsion spring 54. Firstly, the torsion spring 54 provides overload protection to prevent component damage. When the movement of the locking hook 61 is obstructed and it cannot move synchronously with the output gear 53, the torsion spring 54 undergoes elastic deformation (torsion). The torsion spring 54 absorbs the torque transmitted by the output gear 53, preventing the motor, worm gear, or gear from overloading and burning out due to rigid jamming (e.g., excessive motor stall current) or gear teeth from breaking due to instantaneous impact. Secondly, the torsion spring 54 can compensate for positional deviations during operation, improving locking reliability. It allows the locking hook 61 to adaptively fine-tune its angle or thrust when inserted into the stop groove 11, avoiding "jamming" caused by excessively high rigid alignment requirements and ensuring smooth insertion. Thirdly, it is compatible with the independent operation of the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7. When the locking hook 61 is driven by the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 (second transmission mechanism 72), the movement of the locking hook 61 must be independent of the electronic transmission system (the output gear 53 may be stationary at this time). At this time, the torsion spring 54 can deform in the opposite direction with the movement of the locking hook 61, allowing the locking hook 61 to "passively move" relative to the second transmission mechanism 72 without driving the output gear 53, reduction gear 52 or motor to rotate, thus avoiding the mechanical operation from causing a reverse impact on the electronic transmission components. Together with the reset component 73 of the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7, it ensures that "mechanical and electronic transmissions do not interfere with each other".

[0083] A preferred embodiment of the torsion spring 54 mounting structure is as follows: a first accommodating cavity 531 is provided on the output gear 53, and a second accommodating cavity 611 is provided on the locking hook 61. A portion of the torsion spring 54 is located in the first accommodating cavity 531, and the other portion of the torsion spring 54 is located in the second accommodating cavity 611. The first accommodating cavity 531 (inside the output gear 53) and the second accommodating cavity 611 (end of the locking hook 61) form a coaxial nested space, and the torsion spring 54 is compressed between the two, which avoids radial protrusion occupying extra space and constrains the deformation path of the torsion spring 54 through the cavity walls. The first accommodating cavity 531 has a first fixing groove 532, and the second accommodating cavity 611 has a second fixing groove 612. One end 541 of the torsion spring 54 is inserted into the first fixing groove 532, and the other end 542 is inserted into the second fixing groove 612. The first fixing groove 532 and the second fixing groove 612 are located on the radial inner walls of the two cavities, respectively. The groove width is slightly larger than the wire diameter of the torsion spring 54, ensuring that the end of the torsion spring 54 can be tightly embedded without circumferential sliding. Furthermore, after the two ends of the torsion spring 54 are inserted into the fixing grooves, a mechanical latch is formed to prevent relative rotation between the torsion spring 54 and the cavity during torque transmission. The main advantages of the above-mentioned torsion spring 54 installation structure are: first, extreme compression of axial space, with the torsion spring 54 completely built into the nested cavity of the output gear 53 and the lock hook 61. Compared with the traditional external torsion spring 54 design, the axial dimension can be greatly reduced, adapting to the compact space of the lock's front cavity 24; second, improved torque transmission efficiency, as torque is directly transmitted through the fixing grooves, avoiding the gap problem of key or pin connections, resulting in higher transmission accuracy; and third, reduced maintenance costs, as the lock hook 61 and output gear 53 can be directly disassembled and replaced when the torsion spring 54 fails, without disassembling the entire transmission system, thus shortening maintenance time.

[0084] II. Second transmission mechanism 72: (Refer to) Figures 3-6 , Figure 10 It includes a cam block 721, a transmission block 722, and a swing rod; it adopts a combination design of cam, swing rod, and transmission block 722, and converts the rotational motion of the rotary lock body 71 into the linear motion of the lock hook 61 through a purely mechanical means. Its structure and working logic are fully adapted to the emergency unlocking needs of electronic locks.

[0085] The cam block 721 is mounted on the rotary lock body 71 and rotates together with it. As a power input component, the cam block 721 is rigidly connected to the rotary lock body 71 and rotates synchronously with the key. The profile of the cam block 721 is typically designed as an eccentric circle or a spiral curve, its function being to convert the circular motion of the rotary lock body 71 into the linear displacement of the transmission block 722. The swing rod, as a motion conversion component, swings around a swing shaft 723a. The swing rod consists of a first end 7231 and a second end 7232 distributed on both sides of the swing shaft 723a. The first end 7231 forms a transmission engagement with the lock hook 61, and the reset component 73 abuts against the second end 7232 and the lock housing 2. The two ends of the swing rod are the first end 7231 (driving the lock hook 61) and the second end 7232 (receiving the thrust of the transmission block 722), respectively. The swing shaft 723a is typically designed near the center of gravity to ensure flexible swinging and balanced force. The transmission block 722 serves as a force transmission component. The transmission block 722 is located between the second end 7232 and the cam block 721, and the cam block 721 forms a transmission engagement with the second end 7232 of the swing rod through the transmission block 722.

[0086] The working process of the second transmission mechanism 72 is as follows:

[0087] Unlocking process (e.g., key turning clockwise): Rotary cylinder lock body 71 drives cam block 721 to rotate → cam profile pushes transmission block 722 to move towards swing rod → transmission block 722 presses the second end 7232 of swing rod → swing rod swings clockwise around swing shaft 723a → first end 7231 pushes lock hook 61 out of stop groove 11 → lock unlocks. During this process, reset component 73 is compressed and stores energy.

[0088] Locking process (key rotates counterclockwise): Rotary cylinder lock body 71 rotates in the opposite direction → cam profile releases the thrust on transmission block 722 → spring force of reset component 73 pushes swing rod to reset counterclockwise → first end 7231 pulls lock hook 61 into stop groove 11 → lock locks. Transmission block 722 resets with swing rod.

[0089] The advantages of using the second transmission mechanism 72 in this embodiment are: First, improved space efficiency, a more compact structure, and better suitability for flat lock designs. Second, enhanced fault tolerance, as the purely mechanical structure eliminates the risk of circuit failure, and a "self-holding" function can be achieved through cam curve optimization. Third, expanded application scenarios, suitable for scenarios with high security requirements, and providing a reliable emergency unlocking solution when the electronic system completely fails.

[0090] Example 4

[0091] In some specific embodiments of this utility model, the following preferred structural solutions are provided:

[0092] I. Reference Figure 2 , Figure 9 The lock housing 2 is equipped with a protective cover 26, and the drive device 4, the first transmission mechanism 5, and the lock hook 61 are installed inside the protective cover 26. The protective cover 26 provides an independent enclosed space for the drive device 4, the first transmission mechanism 5, and the lock hook 61, preventing the intrusion of foreign objects, reducing mechanical failures, isolating mechanical and electronic components, and avoiding mutual interference. Its core function is to ensure the stable operation of core components such as the motor, gears, and lock hook 61 through "physical isolation and structural reinforcement," while also improving the lock's anti-interference ability and ease of maintenance.

[0093] II. Reference Figure 3 , Figure 12 A spring-loaded element 27 is provided on one of the lock housing 2 and the mounting housing 1, and a plurality of stop grooves 12 are provided on the other of the lock housing 2 and the mounting housing 1. The spring-loaded element 27 can enter any one of the stop grooves 12. When the lock housing 2 can rotate relative to the mounting housing 1, the spring-loaded element 27 can enter the stop groove 12 or leave the stop groove 12.

[0094] The spring-loaded element 27 and the stop groove 12 are purely mechanical structures. The spring-loaded element preferably uses a combination of a steel ball and a spring. The working logic is as follows: when the lock housing 2 rotates relative to the mounting housing 1, the steel ball of the spring-loaded element 27 always abuts against the surface of the other (compressed in non-groove areas, with the spring storing energy); when rotating to the stop groove 12 position, the steel ball springs into the groove under the action of the spring force (spring releases energy), forming a brief "locking" position; as rotation continues, external force overcomes the spring force and pushes the steel ball out of the groove, completing the action of "leaving the stop groove 12". The core functions of the spring-loaded element 27 are: firstly, rotational positioning: preventing accidental displacement. The distribution of the stop groove 12 usually corresponds to the key rotation angles of the lock housing 2. When the spring-loaded element 27 is engaged in the stop groove 12, the cooperation between the two generates a certain resistance (static friction), which can temporarily fix the position of the lock housing 2, preventing free rotation due to vibration or slight collisions. Secondly, it provides operational feedback: when rotating, the resistance suddenly decreases (a feeling of stopping) the moment the steel ball slides from the plane into the groove, allowing the user to perceive the rotation in place through tactile sensation; simultaneously, the steel ball makes a "click" sound when it collides with the groove, confirming the rotation position without visual observation. Thirdly, it provides rotation limits: at the extreme positions of the rotation path (such as at the maximum rotation angle), the spring-loaded element 27 engages to limit the continued rotation of the lock housing 2, thus protecting the internal structure.

[0095] III. Reference Figures 1-3The lock housing 2 also houses a display module 28, which is electrically connected to the circuit control board 8. The addition of the display module 28 enables the electronic lock to have intuitive information interaction capabilities. Through collaborative work with the circuit control board 8, it can provide functions such as status feedback, operation guidance, and safety alerts, further enhancing user experience and security. The core display functions of the display module 28 include: real-time status feedback (locking status, battery level indicator, operation results, etc.), interactive operation guidance, and safety warnings.

[0096] IV. Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 The front chamber 24 is provided with a partition 241, which divides the front chamber 24 into a front region 242 and a rear region 243. The circuit control board 8 is located in the front region 242, and the first transmission mechanism 5 and the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 are both located in the rear region 243, with the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 located below the first transmission mechanism 5.

[0097] Front area 242: Circuit control boards 8 are centrally located here, forming an "electronic control area". This area must be kept dry and clean to prevent dust or metal debris generated by the movement of mechanical parts from contaminating the circuit.

[0098] Rear area 243: This area houses the first transmission mechanism 5 (motor, gear set) and the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7 (cam block 721, swing rod), forming a "mechanical transmission zone". These components may generate vibration and friction debris during movement, and therefore need to be isolated from electronic components.

[0099] The advantages of using a spatial isolation structure are at least as follows: First, it improves anti-interference capabilities, as vibrations generated by mechanical transmission (such as motor rotation and gear meshing) are absorbed by the partition 241, reducing fatigue damage to the circuit control board 8 and connecting wires; second, it facilitates maintenance, as there is no need to disassemble mechanical parts when repairing the electronic system, and vice versa. For example, when replacing the battery, only the cover of the front area 242 needs to be opened to avoid touching the transmission mechanism at the rear; third, it enhances safety, as if mechanical parts break due to overload (such as gear teeth breaking), the partition 241 can prevent fragments from flying into the circuit area, avoiding the risk of short circuits.

[0100] Additionally, refer to Figure 13 The partition 241 has a motion guide groove 2411, and the locking hook 61 is at least partially located in the motion guide groove 2411. The locking hook 61 can abut against the inner walls on both sides of the motion guide groove 2411 to form a limiting and stopping fit. The motion guide groove 2411 plays a precise limiting role for the locking hook 61. When the locking hook 61 moves linearly under the action of the driving device 4 or the mechanical unlocking mechanism 7, the inner walls on both sides of the groove restrict its radial displacement to prevent skewing or jamming caused by lateral forces (such as the eccentric force when inserted into the stop groove 11).

[0101] It is worth noting that the other technical solutions of this utility model are all existing technologies, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0102] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A passive electronic lock, characterized in that: Including: The mounting housing (1) is fixed to the cabinet body, and the mounting housing (1) is provided with a stop groove (11); The lock housing (2) is composed of a rear lock housing (21) and a front panel (22). The rear lock housing (21) has a rear chamber (23) distributed longitudinally from back to front and a front chamber (24) communicating with the rear chamber (23). The rear lock housing (21) is provided with a through hole (211) that is opposite to the stop groove (11). A locking member (3) is disposed on the lock housing (2), the locking member (3) having an unlocked position state and a locked position state; A drive unit (4) is disposed in the rear chamber (23); A first transmission mechanism (5) is configured in the front chamber (24). The input end of the first transmission mechanism (5) is connected to the drive device (4) in a transmission engagement. The output end of the first transmission mechanism (5) is connected to a locking hook (61). The locking rod can be inserted into the stop groove (11) after passing through the through hole (211). A circuit control board (8) is disposed in the front chamber (24), and the circuit control board (8) is electrically connected to the drive device (4); the circuit control board (8) has a power receiving module, which can be electrically connected to an external electronic device and realize power transmission; the circuit control board (8) has a communication module (9), which can be communication connected to an external electronic device. When the lock hook (61) passes through the through hole (211) and is inserted into the stop groove (11), the lock hook (61) and the side wall of the stop groove (11) form a structural interference, so that the lock housing (2) cannot rotate relative to the mounting housing (1), thereby restricting the locking member (3) from switching between the unlocked position and the locked position. When the lock hook (61) is disengaged from the stop groove (11), the structural interference between the lock hook (61) and the side wall of the stop groove (11) is eliminated, so that the lock housing (2) can rotate relative to the mounting housing (1), and then the locking member (3) switches between the unlocked position and the locked position during the rotation.

2. The passive electronic lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a mechanical unlocking mechanism (7), which includes a rotary lock body (71) and a second transmission mechanism (72), both of which are configured in the front chamber (24); The input end of the second transmission mechanism (72) is connected to the rotary lock body (71) for transmission, and the output end of the second transmission mechanism (72) is connected to the lock hook (61) for transmission, thereby driving the lock hook (61) to be inserted into the stop groove (11) or to be disengaged from the stop groove (11). The lock housing (2) has an operating opening (25) that is adapted to the rotary lock body (71).

3. The passive electronic lock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mechanical unlocking mechanism (7) further includes a reset component (73), which acts on the locked second transmission mechanism (72) so that the second transmission mechanism (72) always has a tendency to move away from the lock hook (61).

4. The passive electronic lock according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second transmission mechanism (72) includes a cam block (721), a transmission block (722), and a swing rod; The cam block (721) is mounted on the rotary lock body (71) and rotates together with the rotary lock body (71); The swing rod swings around the swing shaft (723a) and is composed of a first end (7231) and a second end (7232) distributed on both sides of the swing shaft (723a). The first end (7231) forms a transmission engagement with the lock hook (61), and the reset member (73) abuts between the second end (7232) and the lock housing (2). The transmission block (722) is located between the second end (7232) and the cam block (721), and the cam block (721) forms a transmission engagement with the second end (7232) of the swing rod through the transmission block (722).

5. The passive electronic lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive device (4) is a motor, and the first transmission mechanism (5) includes an output worm (51), a plurality of meshing reduction gears (52), and an output gear (53). The output worm (51) is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor; The input end of the reduction gear (52) meshes with the output worm (51) to form a transmission engagement, and the output end of the reduction gear (52) meshes with the output gear (53) to form a transmission engagement; The output gear (53) and the locking hook (61) are distributed along the same axis, and a torsion spring (54) is provided between the output gear (53) and the locking hook (61), and the output gear (53) and the locking hook (61) transmit power through the torsion spring (54).

6. The passive electronic lock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The output gear (53) has a first accommodating cavity (531), the locking hook (61) has a second accommodating cavity (611), a part of the torsion spring (54) is located in the first accommodating cavity (531), and the other part of the torsion spring (54) is located in the second accommodating cavity (611). The first accommodating cavity (531) has a first fixing groove (532), and the second accommodating cavity (611) has a second fixing groove (612). One end (541) of the torsion spring (54) is inserted into the first fixing groove (532), and the other end (542) is inserted into the second fixing groove (612).

7. The passive electronic lock according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lock housing (2) is provided with a protective cover (26), and the drive device (4), the first transmission mechanism (5) and the lock hook (61) are installed inside the protective cover (26).

8. The passive electronic lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring-loaded element (27) is provided on one of the lock housing (2) and the mounting housing (1), and a plurality of stop slots (12) are provided on the other of the lock housing (2) and the mounting housing (1). The spring-loaded element (27) can enter any one of the stop slots (12). When the lock housing (2) can rotate relative to the mounting housing (1), the spring stop element (27) can enter into the stop groove (12) or leave the stop groove (12).

9. The passive electronic lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lock housing (2) is also provided with a display module (28), which is electrically connected to the circuit control board (8).

10. The passive electronic lock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-cavity (24) is provided with a partition (241), which divides the pre-cavity (24) into a front region (242) and a rear region (243); The circuit control board (8) is located in the front region (242), the first transmission mechanism (5) and the mechanical unlocking mechanism (7) are both located in the rear region (243), and the mechanical unlocking mechanism (7) is located below the first transmission mechanism (5); The partition (241) is provided with a motion guide groove (2411), and the locking hook (61) is at least partially located in the motion guide groove (2411). The locking hook (61) can abut against the inner walls on both sides of the motion guide groove (2411) and form a limiting stop fit.

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