Polishing equipment for repairing ship engineering steel structure

Abstract

The invention discloses grinding equipment for ship engineering steel structure repair, which belongs to the technical field of steel structure processing and comprises a movable base, a lifting adjusting mechanism, a self-adaptive grinding mechanism, a dust collecting mechanism and an intelligent control module. The lifting adjusting mechanism is installed on the movable base in a sliding mode, the self-adaptive grinding mechanism is fixedly connected with the output end of the lifting adjusting mechanism, the dust collecting mechanism and the self-adaptive grinding mechanism are arranged in an integrated mode, and the intelligent control module is electrically connected with the lifting adjusting mechanism, the self-adaptive grinding mechanism and the dust collecting mechanism. The self-adaptive grinding mechanism comprises a mounting seat, the mounting seat is fixedly connected with the output end of the lifting adjusting mechanism, a self-adaptive adjusting assembly is embedded in the mounting seat, a grinding assembly is hinged to the self-adaptive adjusting assembly through a universal joint, and a wear detection assembly is mounted on the grinding assembly. The invention discloses grinding equipment which is good in adaptability, high in universality and high in grinding efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of steel structure processing technology, and in particular to a grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Marine steel structures are exposed to high salt spray, high humidity, and complex loads in the ocean environment for extended periods, making their surfaces prone to corrosion, oxide scale peeling, weld protrusion, and aging of old coatings. If not promptly cleaned and polished, these issues will accelerate corrosion and failure, impacting navigation safety and the ship's service life. Therefore, polishing is one of the core procedures in the repair of marine steel structures.

[0003] Currently, the grinding equipment used in the repair of steel structures in shipbuilding engineering is mainly divided into two categories: one is traditional handheld grinding equipment, which relies on manual operation, resulting in high labor intensity, low grinding efficiency, and difficulty in controlling grinding precision. Manual operation is also prone to uneven grinding and missed grinding, which affects the quality of subsequent coating. The other category is large-scale automated grinding equipment. Although this type of equipment can improve grinding efficiency, it is bulky and heavy, making it difficult to adapt to the narrow spaces such as ship decks and cabins and high-altitude operation scenarios. In addition, the equipment has poor adjustment flexibility and cannot adaptively grind steel structure surfaces with different curvatures or different degrees of rust defects, making it unsuitable for large-scale application in small and medium-sized ship repair shops.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the technical problems of poor flexibility, low grinding accuracy and weak versatility of existing ship steel structure grinding equipment, there is an urgent need to design a grinding equipment that can solve the above-mentioned defects of existing technologies, improve the grinding efficiency and quality of ship steel structure repair, reduce the labor intensity of operators, and ensure operational safety and environmental friendliness. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a grinding equipment for the repair of steel structures in marine engineering with good adaptability, strong versatility and high grinding efficiency.

[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: This invention provides a grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering, including a movable base, a lifting and adjusting mechanism, an adaptive grinding mechanism, a dust collection mechanism, and an intelligent control module; the lifting and adjusting mechanism is slidably mounted on the movable base via a displacement adjusting component, the adaptive grinding mechanism is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting and adjusting mechanism, the dust collection mechanism is integrated with the adaptive grinding mechanism, and the intelligent control module is electrically connected to the lifting and adjusting mechanism, the adaptive grinding mechanism, and the dust collection mechanism respectively; The adaptive grinding mechanism includes a mounting base, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting and adjusting mechanism. An adaptive adjusting component is embedded in the mounting base, and a grinding component is hinged to the adaptive adjusting component via a universal joint. A wear detection component is installed on the grinding component. The intelligent control module includes a controller, a position sensor, and a pressure sensor. The controller is equipped with a touch screen, and the position sensor is mounted on the grinding assembly and faces the dust collection mechanism.

[0007] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the adaptive adjustment component includes a drive motor, which is installed inside the mounting base. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a rotating base via a flat key. At least three sets of electric telescopic rods are evenly distributed on the rotating base. The fixed end of the electric telescopic rod is hinged to the rotating base, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is hinged to the grinding component via a universal joint. The coordinated telescopic extension and retraction of multiple sets of electric telescopic rods realizes multi-angle adjustment of the grinding component.

[0008] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the grinding assembly includes a grinding housing and a grinding mode switching unit. The grinding mode switching unit is installed inside the grinding housing. A grinding motor is installed inside the grinding housing. The output shaft of the grinding motor is connected to a grinding shaft via a coupling. The end of the grinding shaft away from the grinding motor is provided with an external thread. The grinding shaft is detachably connected to a replaceable grinding head via the external thread. The replaceable grinding head includes a grinding wheel grinding head, a wire wheel grinding head, and a flap wheel grinding head.

[0009] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the wear detection component includes a laser rangefinder and a data transmission unit. The laser rangefinder is a high-precision laser displacement sensor, model KEYENCE IL-1000, which is fixedly installed on the side of the grinding housing. The detection end of the laser rangefinder faces the replaceable grinding head. The data transmission unit is a wireless transmission module, model ESP8266, which is electrically connected to the laser rangefinder and is used to transmit wear data to the controller in real time.

[0010] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the lifting adjustment mechanism includes a lifting cylinder, which is fixed at the center of the movable base. The top end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the mounting base. Guide rods are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting cylinder. One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder, and the other end is slidably connected to the movable base through a sliding sleeve.

[0011] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the grinding mode switching unit includes a speed adjustment module and a direction switching module. The speed adjustment module adopts a frequency converter and is electrically connected to the grinding motor to realize stepless speed adjustment. The direction switching module adopts a relay control circuit and is connected to the power interface of the grinding motor to switch the forward and reverse rotation of the grinding motor.

[0012] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the dust collection mechanism includes a dust collection hood, which is fixedly sleeved on the end of the grinding housing. The opening of the dust collection hood faces the replaceable grinding head. A dust suction pipe is connected to the side wall of the dust collection hood, and a vacuum cleaner is connected to the end of the dust suction pipe away from the dust collection hood.

[0013] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that the inner wall of the dust collection hood is provided with a main suction port, an annular slit auxiliary suction port, and a spiral guide groove. The annular slit auxiliary suction port is arranged along the inner wall of the dust collection hood and is located above the main suction port. One end of the spiral guide groove is connected to the main suction port, and the other end is close to the annular slit auxiliary suction port. Multiple sets of spiral guide grooves are provided. The main suction port and the annular slit auxiliary suction port are both connected to the vacuum cleaner through a suction pipe.

[0014] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the dust collection hood adopts a trumpet-shaped structure and is made of stainless steel. A flexible sealing gasket is attached to the edge of the opening of the dust collection hood. The flexible sealing gasket is made of silicone. The dust collection pipe is a flexible corrugated pipe, and its two ends are respectively connected to the dust collection hood and the vacuum cleaner by clamps. The vacuum cleaner is an industrial-grade vacuum cleaner.

[0015] A preferred embodiment of the present invention is that a plurality of sets of balls are provided between the rotating seat and the mounting seat, and rolling grooves are provided on the side of the rotating seat and the mounting seat that are close to each other, corresponding to the balls, and the two sets of rolling grooves are adapted to the balls.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention has excellent adaptive adjustment performance. The grinding height can be adjusted through the lifting adjustment mechanism. With multiple sets of electric telescopic rods and universal joints, the grinding components can be adjusted to multiple angles. It can adapt to grinding operations on the surface of ship steel structure with different curvatures and angles, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability. The present invention has a flexible and adjustable grinding mode. The grinding mode switching unit can realize stepless adjustment of the grinding motor speed and forward and reverse switching. With a variety of replaceable grinding heads, it can meet various ship steel structure repair and grinding needs such as rust cleaning, weld grinding, and oxide scale removal, thereby improving grinding quality and work efficiency. This invention has an outstanding dust collection effect. The dust collection hood adopts a dual dust suction port and spiral guide groove structure, combined with a flexible sealing gasket and an industrial-grade vacuum cleaner, to achieve efficient collection and sealed transportation of grinding dust, effectively suppressing dust diffusion, improving the working environment, and protecting the health of operators. The equipment of this invention has strong stability and environmental adaptability. The lifting and adjusting mechanism is equipped with guide rods to ensure smooth lifting. The ball bearing anti-friction structure between the rotating seat and the mounting seat reduces wear. Key components adopt a waterproof and corrosion-resistant structural design, which can adapt to the complex working environment of marine engineering, such as humidity, dust, and strong corrosion, and extend the service life of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding equipment structure provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding component structure provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the dust collection mechanism provided in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Movable base; 2. Lifting and adjusting mechanism; 3. Adaptive grinding mechanism; 4. Dust collection mechanism; 5. Intelligent control module; 11. Displacement adjustment component; 21. Lifting cylinder; 22. Guide rod; 31. Mounting base; 32. Adaptive adjustment component; 33. Grinding component; 34. Wear detection component; 35. Universal joint; 321. Drive motor; 322. Rotary seat; 323. Electric telescopic rod; 324. Rolling groove; 325. Ball bearing; 331 332. Grinding housing; 333. Grinding motor; 334. Grinding shaft; 335. Replaceable grinding head; 346. Grinding mode switching unit; 347. Laser rangefinder; 348. Data transmission unit; 49. Dust collection hood; 41. Suction pipe; 42. Vacuum cleaner; 43. Main suction port; 449. Annular slit auxiliary suction port; 440. Spiral guide channel; 51. Controller; 52. Touch screen; 53. Position sensor; 54. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0020] Example 1 This embodiment provides a grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering, including a mobile base 1, a lifting and adjusting mechanism 2, an adaptive grinding mechanism 3, a dust collection mechanism 4, and an intelligent control module 5. The lifting and adjusting mechanism 2 is slidably mounted on the mobile base 1 via a displacement adjusting component 11, which adopts a linear slide rail structure. The adaptive grinding mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting and adjusting mechanism 2. The dust collection mechanism 4 is integrated with the adaptive grinding mechanism 3. The intelligent control module 5 is electrically connected to the lifting and adjusting mechanism 2, the adaptive grinding mechanism 3, and the dust collection mechanism 4. The adaptive grinding mechanism 3 includes a mounting base 31, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting adjustment mechanism 2. An adaptive adjustment component 32 is embedded in the mounting base 31. The adaptive adjustment component 32 is hinged to a grinding component 33 through a universal joint 35. A wear detection component 34 is installed on the grinding component 33. The intelligent control module 5 includes a controller 51, a position sensor 53, and a pressure sensor 54. The controller 51 is equipped with a touch screen 52. The position sensor 53 is mounted on the grinding assembly 33 and faces the dust collection mechanism 4. The controller 51 is a PLC controller, model S7-200 SMART, with a built-in PID adjustment algorithm. The controller 51 housing has a waterproof and sealed structure. The touch screen 52 is an industrial-grade touch screen and is connected to the controller 51 via an RS485 interface. The position sensor 53 is an infrared distance sensor, model GP2Y0A21YK. The pressure sensor 54 is a miniature pressure sensor, model MPX5010DP, used to monitor the contact pressure between the grinding assembly 33 and the steel structure surface.

[0021] During operation, the equipment is moved to the ship's steel structure repair bay. The horizontal working position is adjusted using the displacement adjustment component 11, and the lifting adjustment mechanism 2 adjusts the grinding component 33 to a suitable working height. The grinding speed, grinding pressure, and working mode are set via the touch screen 52. The adaptive grinding mechanism 3 is activated, driving the adaptive adjustment component 32 and the grinding component 33 to rotate. The adaptive adjustment component 32 expands and contracts in sync with the contour of the steel structure surface, adjusting the grinding posture to ensure stable contact between the grinding component 33 and the steel structure surface. The pressure sensor 54 collects the contact pressure signal in real time, and the controller 51 adjusts the adaptive adjustment component 32 through a PID algorithm to maintain stable grinding pressure. During the grinding process, the dust collection mechanism 4 is activated simultaneously to quickly suck up and collect the grinding dust, preventing dust diffusion. The wear detection component 34 continuously monitors the wear of the grinding component 33. When the wear reaches a preset threshold, the controller 51 issues an alarm through the touch screen 52 to remind the operator to replace it in time. After grinding a single area is completed, the lifting adjustment mechanism 2 is reset, and the equipment is moved to the next working area to repeat the above process.

[0022] Through the coordinated operation of the mobile base 1, lifting and adjusting mechanism 2, adaptive grinding mechanism 3, dust collection mechanism 4, and intelligent control module 5, a complete equipment system integrating mobile adjustment, height adjustment, adaptive grinding, dust collection, and intelligent control is constructed. This system realizes the mechanization and intelligentization of ship steel structure repair and grinding, effectively reduces the intensity of manual labor, improves grinding operation efficiency, and provides systematic equipment support for ship steel structure repair. The lifting and adjusting mechanism 2, together with the adaptive adjusting component 32 and universal joint 35, enables the grinding component 33 to achieve multi-angle adaptive adjustment, which can adapt to grinding operations on ship steel structure surfaces with different curvatures and angles, significantly improving the equipment's adaptability.

[0023] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the adaptive adjustment component 32 includes a drive motor 321, which is installed inside the mounting base 31. The output shaft of the drive motor 321 is connected to a rotating base 322 via a flat key. At least three sets of electric telescopic rods 323 are evenly distributed on the rotating base 322. The fixed end of the electric telescopic rod 323 is hinged to the rotating base 322, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 323 is hinged to the grinding component 33 via a universal joint 35. The multiple sets of electric telescopic rods 323 work together to extend and retract, thereby achieving multi-angle adjustment of the grinding component 33.

[0024] A plurality of sets of balls 325 are provided between the rotating seat 322 and the mounting seat 31. On the side of the rotating seat 322 and the mounting seat 31 that are close to each other, a rolling groove 324 is provided corresponding to the balls 325. The two sets of rolling grooves 324 are adapted to the balls 325.

[0025] During operation, the drive motor 321 drives the rotating seat 322 to rotate, and the rotating seat 322 drives the electric telescopic rod 323 and the grinding assembly 33 to rotate synchronously to achieve the grinding motion. Multiple sets of electric telescopic rods 323 extend and retract in coordination under the control of the intelligent control module 5, and change the tilt angle and posture of the grinding assembly 33 with the help of the universal joint 35 to adapt to the curvature changes of the steel structure surface. This realizes the rotational grinding and multi-angle posture adaptive adjustment of the grinding assembly 33, effectively adapting to the grinding operation of complex curved steel structures of ships and improving the equipment's adaptability range. The ball bearings 325 between the rotating seat 322 and the mounting seat 31 roll along the rolling groove 324, reducing the frictional resistance during the rotation process and ensuring smooth and stable rotation. The ball bearings 325 and the rolling groove 324 work together to reduce the wear of rotating parts, improve the stability and service life of the equipment, and ensure the continuity of grinding operations.

[0026] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the grinding assembly 33 includes a grinding housing 331 and a grinding mode switching unit 335. The grinding mode switching unit 335 is installed inside the grinding housing 331. A grinding motor 332 is installed inside the grinding housing 331. The output shaft of the grinding motor 332 is connected to a grinding shaft 333 via a coupling. The end of the grinding shaft 333 away from the grinding motor 332 is provided with an external thread. The grinding shaft 333 is detachably connected to a replaceable grinding head 334 via the external thread. The replaceable grinding head 334 includes a grinding wheel grinding head, a wire wheel grinding head, and a flap wheel grinding head.

[0027] During operation, the grinding motor 332 drives the grinding shaft 333 to rotate, which in turn drives the replaceable grinding head 334 to rotate, thus performing the grinding operation. The grinding mode switching unit 335 adjusts the speed of the grinding motor 332 and switches the direction of rotation according to the grinding conditions to adapt to different grinding process requirements. The replaceable grinding head 334 is detachably connected to the grinding shaft 333 via a thread, allowing for quick replacement of the corresponding type of grinding head according to different operational needs such as rust cleaning, weld grinding, and oxide scale removal. This effectively realizes flexible adjustment of grinding speed and direction, expands the applicable process range of the equipment, and the various replaceable grinding heads 334 meet diverse ship steel structure repair and grinding needs, improving the equipment's versatility and practicality. The threaded detachable connection structure facilitates quick disassembly and replacement of the replaceable grinding head 334, improving equipment maintenance convenience and operational efficiency.

[0028] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the wear detection component 34 includes a laser rangefinder 341 and a data transmission unit 342. The laser rangefinder 341 is a high-precision laser displacement sensor, model KEYENCE IL-1000, which is fixedly installed on the side of the grinding housing 331. The detection end of the laser rangefinder 341 faces the replaceable grinding head 334. The data transmission unit 342 is a wireless transmission module, model ESP8266, which is electrically connected to the laser rangefinder 341 and is used to transmit wear data to the controller 51 in real time.

[0029] During operation, the laser rangefinder 341 emits laser signals to the replaceable grinding head 334 in real time, receives the reflected signals, and calculates the real-time wear thickness of the replaceable grinding head 334. The data transmission unit 342 converts the wear data into a wireless signal and transmits it to the controller 51 of the intelligent control module 5. The controller 51 analyzes and processes the wear data, and outputs an alarm signal when the wear reaches a preset threshold, reminding the operator to replace the replaceable grinding head 334 in time. This achieves real-time and accurate monitoring and wireless transmission of the wear status of the replaceable grinding head 334, avoiding a decline in grinding quality due to excessive wear of the replaceable grinding head 334 and ensuring stable grinding results. The real-time alarm function facilitates timely equipment maintenance by operators and improves the level of intelligent management of grinding operations.

[0030] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the lifting adjustment mechanism 2 includes a lifting cylinder 21, which is fixed at the center of the movable base 1. The top end of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the mounting base 31. Guide rods 22 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting cylinder 21. One end of the guide rod 22 is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder 21, and the other end is slidably connected to the movable base 1 through a sliding sleeve.

[0031] Before operation, the lifting cylinder 21, under the control of the intelligent control module 5, performs telescopic movement. Its piston rod drives the mounting base 31 of the adaptive grinding mechanism 3 to achieve lifting and lowering, adjusting the grinding height. The symmetrically distributed guide rods 22 move synchronously with the lifting cylinder 21, sliding along the movable base 1 to guide and limit the lifting movement, preventing deviation and swaying during the lifting process. By setting up the lifting adjustment mechanism 2, a stable and reliable lifting power is provided to the adaptive grinding mechanism 3, realizing rapid adaptation to grinding operations on steel structures of different heights. The symmetrical guide rods 22 ensure the linearity and stability of the lifting movement, improve the height adjustment accuracy, avoid the grinding mechanism from deviating and affecting the grinding quality, and improve the reliability of equipment operation.

[0032] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the grinding mode switching unit 335 includes a speed adjustment module and a direction switching module. The speed adjustment module adopts a frequency converter and is electrically connected to the grinding motor 332 to realize stepless speed adjustment. The direction switching module adopts a relay control circuit and is connected to the power interface of the grinding motor 332 to switch the forward and reverse rotation of the grinding motor 332.

[0033] The speed regulation module changes the power supply frequency of the grinding motor 332 through a frequency converter, realizing stepless speed regulation of the grinding motor 332 to adapt to the operation requirements of different materials and different grinding degrees. The direction switching module switches the power phase sequence of the grinding motor 332 through a relay control circuit to realize forward and reverse switching of the grinding motor 332, meet the process requirements of different grinding directions, and realize precise and controllable adjustment of the speed and direction of the grinding motor 332, improve the adaptability of the equipment grinding process, and can flexibly adjust the operating parameters according to different repair conditions, improve grinding quality and operation efficiency. The frequency conversion speed regulation and relay control structure is simple and reliable, and is easy to be uniformly controlled by the intelligent control module 5.

[0034] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the dust collection mechanism 4 includes a dust collection hood 41, which is fixedly sleeved on the end of the grinding housing 331. The opening of the dust collection hood 41 faces the replaceable grinding head 334. A dust suction pipe 42 is connected to the side wall of the dust collection hood 41, and a vacuum cleaner 43 is connected to the end of the dust suction pipe 42 away from the dust collection hood 41.

[0035] During operation, the vacuum cleaner 43 generates negative pressure suction when powered on. This suction force is formed through the suction pipe 42 and the dust collection hood 41, creating a negative pressure suction channel. The dust collection hood 41 covers the outside of the replaceable grinding head 334, collecting the dust generated during grinding. The dust is then transported through the dust collection hood 41 and the suction pipe 42 to the inside of the vacuum cleaner 43 for filtration and collection. The flexible suction pipe 42 adapts to the changes in the posture of the grinding component 33, ensuring unobstructed suction and achieving real-time and efficient collection of grinding dust. This shortens the suction path, improves dust collection efficiency, effectively suppresses dust diffusion and pollution of the working environment, and protects the health of operators. The flexible suction pipe 42 adapts to the movement of the grinding component 33, ensuring continuous dust collection and improving the environmental performance of the equipment.

[0036] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the inner wall of the dust collection hood 41 is provided with a main suction port 441, an annular slit auxiliary suction port 442, and a spiral guide groove 443. The annular slit auxiliary suction port 442 is arranged along the inner wall of the dust collection hood 41 and is located above the main suction port 441. One end of the spiral guide groove 443 is connected to the main suction port 441, and the other end is close to the annular slit auxiliary suction port 442. Multiple sets of spiral guide grooves 443 are provided. The main suction port 441 and the annular slit auxiliary suction port 442 are both connected to the vacuum cleaner 43 through a suction pipe 42.

[0037] The negative pressure generated by the vacuum cleaner 43 acts on the main suction port 441 and the annular slit auxiliary suction port 442, forming a double negative pressure suction area. Under the action of negative pressure, the dust generated by grinding gathers towards the inner wall of the dust collection hood 41. The spiral guide channel 443 guides the dust to flow along the spiral trajectory, and guides the dust to the main suction port 441 in an orderly manner, avoiding the dust from accumulating inside the dust collection hood 41 and improving the dust conveying efficiency. The double suction ports expand the dust collection coverage area and improve the comprehensiveness of dust collection. The spiral guide channel 443 optimizes the dust flow trajectory, prevents dust from accumulating and blocking, further improves the dust collection efficiency and thoroughness, optimizes the dust collection effect, and improves the working environment.

[0038] As a possible implementation of this solution, preferably, the dust collection hood 41 adopts a trumpet-shaped structure and is made of stainless steel. A flexible sealing gasket is attached to the edge of the opening of the dust collection hood 41. The flexible sealing gasket is made of silicone. The dust suction pipe 42 is a flexible corrugated pipe, and its two ends are respectively connected to the dust collection hood 41 and the vacuum cleaner 43 by clamps. The vacuum cleaner 43 is an industrial-grade vacuum cleaner.

[0039] The stainless steel dust collection hood 41 resists the erosion of the humid and corrosive environment of the ship, and the horn-shaped structure effectively gathers dust. The flexible silicone sealing gasket at the opening adheres to the steel structure surface to reduce dust leakage. The flexible corrugated suction pipe 42 adapts to bending and deformation with the grinding action, and the clamp sealing connection ensures the airtightness of the suction channel. The industrial-grade vacuum cleaner 43 provides sufficient negative pressure suction to meet the dust collection needs of large-area grinding, improves the corrosion resistance and airtightness of the dust collection mechanism 4, adapts to the harsh working environment of marine engineering, and extends the service life of the equipment. The flexible sealing structure and the high-suction vacuum cleaner 43 work together to further improve the dust collection effect, ensure no dust leakage, and optimize the environmental performance of the operation.

[0040] Example 2 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the electric telescopic rod 323 is set into four groups, which are evenly distributed around the rotating seat 322. Through coordinated action, the angle adjustment accuracy and stability of the grinding component 33 are improved, making it suitable for grinding operations on curved steel structures of ships with complex curvature changes. The number of spiral guide grooves 443 inside the dust collection hood 41 is increased to six groups, further enhancing the dust guiding effect. The vacuum cleaner 43 adopts a dual-motor industrial vacuum cleaner, which improves the suction power and is suitable for large-area continuous grinding conditions. A shock-absorbing and buffering structure is added to the bottom of the movable base 1 to reduce the impact of grinding vibration on the stability of equipment operation.

[0041] During operation, the drive motor 321 drives the rotating seat 322 to rotate. The four sets of electric telescopic rods 323 on the rotating seat 322 extend and retract in coordination under the control of the controller 51. They work with the universal joint 35 to adjust the posture of the grinding component 33. Compared with three sets of electric telescopic rods 323, four sets of electric telescopic rods 323 have higher adjustment accuracy and stronger stability. They can accurately adapt to the curved steel structure of ships with complex curvature changes (such as the curved part of the ship deck and the curved surface component of the cabin), so that the replaceable grinding head 334 can fit closely to the curved surface throughout the process, avoiding the problems of grinding omissions and uneven grinding. During the polishing process, the vacuum cleaner 43 of the dust collection mechanism 4 is activated, generating a greater negative pressure suction than in Embodiment 1. The six sets of spiral guide grooves 443 inside the dust collection hood 41 guide the dust to flow quickly. Together with the main suction port 441 and the annular gap auxiliary suction port 442, the dust collection coverage is expanded and the dust collection efficiency is improved. This can meet the dust collection needs of large-area continuous polishing operations and prevent dust accumulation from affecting the polishing field of vision and working environment. The shock-absorbing and buffering structure at the bottom of the mobile base 1 can effectively absorb the vibration generated during the operation of the grinding motor 332 and drive motor 321 and during equipment movement, prevent the grinding component 33 from shifting due to vibration, ensure the accuracy of curved surface grinding, and at the same time reduce the wear of equipment parts by vibration and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0042] Example 3 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the ball bearings 325 between the rotating seat 322 and the mounting seat 31 are ceramic wear-resistant balls, which improves the service life of the rotating parts; the housing of the controller 51 adopts a reinforced waterproof sealing structure; the touch display screen 52 adopts an explosion-proof industrial touch screen, which is suitable for humid and explosion-proof operating environments such as ship engine rooms; and the position sensor 53 and pressure sensor 54 adopt waterproof sensors, which improves the reliability of the equipment in harsh environments.

[0043] During operation, the drive motor 321 drives the rotating seat 322 to rotate. The ceramic balls 325 between the rotating seat 322 and the mounting seat 31 roll along the rolling groove 324. Compared with the ordinary balls in Embodiment 1, the ceramic balls 325 have stronger wear resistance and are not easy to rust in humid environments, ensuring that the rotating seat 322 rotates smoothly, reducing wear, and extending the service life of rotating parts. During the grinding process, the controller 51 receives detection signals from the position sensor 53, pressure sensor 54 (both waterproof) and wear detection component 34, and adjusts the operating parameters of the electric telescopic rod 323, lifting cylinder 21 and grinding motor 332 in real time through PID adjustment algorithm. Since the controller 51, touch screen 52 and sensors are all waterproof or explosion-proof, they can effectively resist the influence of the humid, flammable and explosive environment in the cabin and avoid equipment failure.

[0044] This invention has been described through preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will understand that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. This invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein; other embodiments falling within the scope of the claims are also within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering, characterized in that: It includes a mobile base (1), a lifting adjustment mechanism (2), an adaptive grinding mechanism (3), a dust collection mechanism (4), and an intelligent control module (5); the lifting adjustment mechanism (2) is slidably mounted on the mobile base (1) through a displacement adjustment component (11), the adaptive grinding mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting adjustment mechanism (2), the dust collection mechanism (4) is integrated with the adaptive grinding mechanism (3), and the intelligent control module (5) is electrically connected to the lifting adjustment mechanism (2), the adaptive grinding mechanism (3), and the dust collection mechanism (4) respectively; The adaptive grinding mechanism (3) includes a mounting base (31), which is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting adjustment mechanism (2). An adaptive adjustment component (32) is embedded in the mounting base (31), and a grinding component (33) is hinged to the adaptive adjustment component (32) through a universal joint (35). A wear detection component (34) is installed on the grinding component (33). The intelligent control module (5) includes a controller (51), a position sensor (53) and a pressure sensor (54). The controller (51) is equipped with a touch screen (52), and the position sensor (53) is installed on the grinding assembly (33) and faces the dust collection mechanism (4).

2. The grinding equipment for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive adjustment component (32) includes a drive motor (321), which is installed inside the mounting base (31). The output shaft of the drive motor (321) is connected to a rotating base (322) via a flat key. At least three sets of electric telescopic rods (323) are evenly distributed on the rotating base (322). The fixed end of the electric telescopic rod (323) is hinged to the rotating base (322), and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (323) is hinged to the grinding component (33) via a universal joint (35). The multiple sets of electric telescopic rods (323) work together to extend and retract to achieve multi-angle adjustment of the grinding component (33).

3. The grinding equipment for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grinding assembly (33) includes a grinding housing (331) and a grinding mode switching unit (335). The grinding mode switching unit (335) is installed inside the grinding housing (331). A grinding motor (332) is installed inside the grinding housing (331). The output shaft of the grinding motor (332) is connected to a grinding shaft (333) via a coupling. The end of the grinding shaft (333) away from the grinding motor (332) is provided with an external thread. The grinding shaft (333) is detachably connected to a replaceable grinding head (334) via the external thread. The replaceable grinding head (334) includes a grinding wheel grinding head, a wire wheel grinding head, and a flap wheel grinding head.

4. The grinding equipment for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear detection component (34) includes a laser range sensor (341) and a data transmission unit (342). The laser range sensor (341) is a high-precision laser displacement sensor, model KEYENCE IL-1000, which is fixedly installed on the side of the grinding housing (331). The detection end of the laser range sensor (341) faces the replaceable grinding head (334). The data transmission unit (342) is a wireless transmission module, model ESP8266, which is electrically connected to the laser range sensor (341) and is used to transmit wear data to the controller (51) in real time.

5. A grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting adjustment mechanism (2) includes a lifting cylinder (21), which is fixed at the center of the movable base (1). The top of the piston rod of the lifting cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (31). Guide rods (22) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the lifting cylinder (21). One end of the guide rod (22) is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder (21), and the other end is slidably connected to the movable base (1) through a sliding sleeve.

6. A grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The grinding mode switching unit (335) includes a speed adjustment module and a direction switching module. The speed adjustment module adopts a variable frequency speed controller and is electrically connected to the grinding motor (332) to realize stepless speed adjustment. The direction switching module adopts a relay control circuit and is connected to the power interface of the grinding motor (332) to switch the forward and reverse rotation of the grinding motor (332).

7. A grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection mechanism (4) includes a dust collection hood (41), which is fixedly sleeved on the end of the grinding housing (331). The opening of the dust collection hood (41) faces the replaceable grinding head (334). A dust suction pipe (42) is connected to the side wall of the dust collection hood (41), and a vacuum cleaner (43) is connected to the end of the dust suction pipe (42) away from the dust collection hood (41).

8. A grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The inner wall of the dust collection hood (41) is provided with a main suction port (441), an annular slit auxiliary suction port (442) and a spiral guide groove (443). The annular slit auxiliary suction port (442) is arranged along the inner wall of the dust collection hood (41) and is located above the main suction port (441). One end of the spiral guide groove (443) is connected to the main suction port (441), and the other end is close to the annular slit auxiliary suction port (442). There are multiple sets of spiral guide grooves (443). The main suction port (441) and the annular slit auxiliary suction port (442) are both connected to the vacuum cleaner (43) through the suction pipe (42).

9. A grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The dust collection hood (41) adopts a horn-shaped structure and is made of stainless steel. A flexible sealing gasket is pasted on the edge of the opening of the dust collection hood (41). The flexible sealing gasket is made of silicone. The suction pipe (42) is a flexible corrugated pipe. Both ends are connected to the dust collection hood (41) and the vacuum cleaner (43) respectively by clamps. The vacuum cleaner (43) is an industrial-grade vacuum cleaner.

10. A grinding device for repairing steel structures in marine engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: A number of sets of balls (325) are provided between the rotating seat (322) and the mounting seat (31). The rotating seat (322) and the mounting seat (31) are close to each other and the corresponding balls (325) are provided with rolling grooves (324). The two sets of rolling grooves (324) are adapted to the balls (325).

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