Anchoring thorn, supporting anchor rod and anchoring device

Abstract

The side edge of the anchoring thorn is in a cutting edge shape, at least two rows of sliding ways are arranged at the cutting edge, the at least two rows of sliding ways incline towards one side and are different in depth, and the cutting edge openings on the two sides of the sliding ways form pointed ends. The utility model further discloses a supporting anchor rod and an anchoring device using the anchoring thorn. The anchor rod has the advantages that the anchoring thorns arranged in the mirror image mode in the length direction of the anchor rod body are matched with the sliding shaft on the anchor rod body, so that the anchoring thorns rotate under extrusion of the core rod and pierce into the rock wall, if one end of the anchor rod body slips, the anchoring thorns at the corresponding end of the anchor rod body are inserted deepened, and the anchoring thorns are prevented from falling off. Stronger supporting force is provided for the anchor rod body, and the overall pulling resistance is improved. Similarly, when the surface rock of the rock wall has separation displacement, the anchoring thorns at the tail end of the anchor rod body are inserted and deepened, stronger supporting force is provided for the surface rock, and the overall supporting strength is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anchor bolt technology, and in particular to anchor spikes, support anchor bolts and anchoring devices. Background Technology

[0002] One existing anchoring method relies on the bond force between the bolt, anchoring material, and rock wall, classifying it as a bonded anchor. Bonded anchors, as a support structure primarily supported by the passive adhesive force of the anchoring material, enhance the self-stabilizing capacity of the rock wall and save engineering materials, thus finding widespread application in coal mine tunnel engineering. However, in deep underground engineering support, traditional anchors present numerous problems under complex conditions such as deep ground and high pressure. For example, the anchor bolt body may break and detach due to insufficient resistance to rock strain, and stress concentration at the anchoring end can easily crush soft rock layers, leading to anchor support failure.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN119466913A discloses an anchor rod with a barbed structure and a construction method thereof. The anchor rod includes a hollow anchor rod body, a core rod disposed inside the anchor rod body, and barbs disposed on the outside of the anchor rod body. The length direction of the core rod is the same as the length direction of the anchor rod body. Multiple barbs are disposed at intervals along the length direction of the anchor rod body, and each barb is provided with several barbs at intervals. Although the anchor rod improves the pull-out resistance through the mechanical interlocking of the barbs, the tensile strength of the rod body is not optimized at the same time, and the uneven load distribution is prone to causing the rod to break.

[0004] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of this utility model and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to solve the problem of low pull-out resistance and low support strength of the anchor body while ensuring the stable embedment of the anchor body into the rock wall.

[0006] This utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0007] This utility model claims to protect the anchoring spike, the side of the anchoring spike is blade-shaped, and at least two rows of slides are provided at the blade edge. The at least two rows of slides are inclined to one side and have different depths, and the blade edges on both sides of the slides form sharp points.

[0008] The blade-like structure makes it easy to cut into surrounding materials, and the different depths of the slides help to adjust the angle of the anchoring spikes when moving. The tip combines the sharpness of the blade and the sides of the blade edge to improve grip or anchoring effect.

[0009] Preferably, the slide includes a sloping groove section and an arc section. An inclined groove is opened at the cutting edge to form the sloping groove section, and the sloping groove section extends and transitions to form an arc section that is concave in the inclined direction. The width of the arc section is greater than the width of the sloping groove section.

[0010] The wider arc section ensures smoother movement of the anchoring spikes.

[0011] Preferably, the anchoring spike has a semi-circular structure, and the straight edge of the anchoring spike is beveled to form a blade shape.

[0012] The semi-circular design is mainly to ensure better force distribution on the anchoring spikes when the core rod is inserted. Specifically, when the core rod is inserted, the force on the anchoring spikes is mainly directed outwards, which helps the tip of the anchoring spike to turn outwards to the outside of the anchor rod body.

[0013] This utility model also requires the protection of support anchor bolts, using anchoring spikes, including an anchor bolt body and anchoring spike units. The anchor bolt body has a sleeve structure, and anchoring spike units are arranged circumferentially along the anchor bolt body tube. Each anchoring spike unit includes a set of anchoring spikes arranged in a mirror image along the length of the anchor bolt body. Windows are opened in the wall of the anchor bolt body tube, and the windows are arranged correspondingly to the tips. The walls of the anchor bolt body tubes with adjacent windows form sliding shafts, and the sliding shafts are arranged correspondingly to the sliding tracks. The depth of the sliding track closer to the mirror shaft is greater than the depth of the sliding track farther from the mirror shaft.

[0014] The anchor spike units are arranged around the circumference of the anchor rod body, which can ensure that the anchor spikes around the anchor rod body can be anchored and gripped with the rock wall. The even distribution of the anchor spikes results in uniform force.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the anchor bolt body has a conical structure forming a conical section.

[0016] The tapered section facilitates the insertion of the anchor bolt body into the anchor bolt hole, enabling automatic alignment during the insertion process.

[0017] Preferably, the tapered section has a coaxial through hole.

[0018] The through-hole provides an installation location for the anchoring agent.

[0019] Preferably, the outer wall of the anchor bolt body away from the tapered section is provided with a first external thread to form the anchor bolt threaded section.

[0020] The threaded section of the anchor bolt provides an installation location for the anchor bolt fixing component.

[0021] This utility model claims to protect the anchoring device, which uses a support anchor rod, including a support anchor rod, a core rod, an anchor rod fixing component and a core rod fixing component. The anchor rod body is coaxially inserted into the core rod, and the core rod wall abuts against the arc-shaped edge of the anchor spike. An anchor rod fixing component is provided at the end of the anchor rod body away from the conical section, and a core rod fixing component is provided at the end of the core rod away from the conical section.

[0022] The insertion of the core rod not only ensures the support strength of the anchor rod body, but also allows the core rod to press against the arc-shaped edge of the anchoring spike during insertion, so that the tip of the anchoring spike penetrates into the rock wall.

[0023] Preferably, the anchor bolt fixing component includes a first tray and a first nut, with the anchor bolt body coaxially sleeved on the first tray and the threaded section of the anchor bolt coaxially engaging with the first nut.

[0024] The anchor bolt body is axially fixed by the first nut and the first tray.

[0025] Preferably, the core rod fixing component includes a second tray and a second nut, the core rod is coaxially sleeved on the second tray, and a core rod threaded section is provided on the outer wall of the core rod outside the anchor rod body, the core rod threaded section meshing with the second nut.

[0026] Then, by using the second tray and the second nut, the core rod can be fixed axially.

[0027] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0028] A set of anchoring spikes arranged mirror-image along the length of the anchor bolt body, combined with a sliding shaft on the anchor bolt body, causes the anchoring spikes to rotate under the pressure of the core rod, penetrating into the rock wall. If one end of the anchor bolt body slips, the corresponding anchoring spike at that end penetrates deeper, providing stronger support and improving overall pull-out resistance. Similarly, when the surface rock of the rock wall undergoes delamination displacement, the anchoring spike at the end of the anchor bolt body penetrates deeper, providing stronger support and improving overall support strength. Regardless of whether the anchor bolt body itself tends to detach or the rock wall exhibits delamination displacement, the anchoring spikes at the corresponding positions on the anchor bolt body can evenly distribute the stress from the rock wall to the anchor bolt body, ensuring uniform stress distribution. Combined with the auxiliary bearing pressure of the internal core rod, this enhances the overall tensile strength of the anchor bolt body. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a front view of the anchor bolt body according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the anchor bolt body according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a top view of the connection between the anchor barb unit and the anchor rod body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchoring spike and the anchor rod body in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the anchoring spike, core rod, and anchor rod body of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the rock wall, anchor spike, core rod, and anchor body in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring spike, core rod, and anchor body in the first stage of Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the second stage of the anchoring spike, core rod, and anchor body in Embodiment 3 of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the third stage of the anchoring spike, core rod, and anchor body in Embodiment 3 of this utility model.

[0038] 10. Anchor bolt body; 101. First window; 102. Second window; 103. Third window; 104. First sliding shaft; 105. Second sliding shaft;

[0039] 110. Anchoring spike; 1101. First slide rail; 11010. First inclined groove section; 11011. First arc-shaped section; 1102. Second slide rail; 11020. Second inclined groove section; 11021. Second arc-shaped section; 1103. First tip; 1104. Second tip; 1105. Third tip;

[0040] 2. Core rod;

[0041] 30. First pallet; 31. First nut;

[0042] 40. Second tray; 41. Second nut;

[0043] 5. Rock wall; 50. Anchor bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] See Figures 1 to 2 In this embodiment, the anchoring spike 110 is protected. The anchoring spike 110 is in the shape of a semi-circular plate. The straight edge of the anchoring spike 110 is in the shape of a blade, and two rows of slides are provided at the blade edge. The blade edges on both sides of the slides form sharp points, which are the first sharp point 1103, the second sharp point 1104 and the third sharp point 1105, respectively, according to the drawings.

[0047] The two slides have different depths. The shallower slide is the first slide 1101, and the deeper slide is the second slide 1102. The first slide 1101 includes a first inclined groove section 11010 and a first arc section 11011. A groove that is inclined away from the second slide 1102 is formed at the cutting edge to form the first inclined groove section 11010. The first inclined groove section 11010 smoothly transitions away from the second slide 1102 to form the first arc section 11011, and the width of the first arc section 11011 is greater than the width of the first inclined groove section 11010.

[0048] The second slide rail 1102 includes a second inclined groove section 11020 and a second arc-shaped section 11021. The second inclined groove section 11020 is opened at the cutting edge. The second inclined groove section 11020 is parallel to the first inclined groove section 11010. The second inclined groove section 11020 smoothly transitions to an arc-shaped groove in the direction close to the first slide rail 1101 to form the second arc-shaped section 11021. The arc-shaped groove is concave in the direction of the first slide rail 1101.

[0049] In practical use, the slides are not limited to two rows. Correspondingly, as the number of slides increases, the number of tips also increases accordingly. The number of tips can be determined in combination with the strength of the tips.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] See Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment requires protection of the support anchor bolt, and applies the anchoring spike 110 in embodiment one. The support anchor bolt includes the anchor bolt body 10 and the anchoring spike unit. The anchor bolt body 10 is a sleeve style with an internal central hole and open ends. One end of the anchor bolt body 10 is a tapered section, and the other end is an anchor bolt threaded section.

[0052] There are six anchor units, which are arranged on the body of the anchor rod 10 and arranged in a ring array along the axis of the anchor rod 10. Each anchor unit contains a set of anchoring spikes 110 arranged in a mirror image along the length of the anchor rod 10.

[0053] A set of anchoring spikes 110 arranged in a mirror image along the length of the anchor body 10 refers to six anchoring spikes 110 on each side of the anchor body 10, and the corresponding anchoring spikes 110 on any two sides are arranged in a mirror image along the central mirror axis.

[0054] In practical applications, the anchor barb unit includes, but is not limited to, six units, and the distribution is not limited to a circular array. For example, two anchor barb units can be arranged symmetrically along the axis of the anchor rod body 10. Of course, each anchor barb unit is not limited to twelve anchor bars 110; it is only necessary to ensure that at least two anchor bars 110 are arranged in a mirror image of each other along the length of the anchor rod body 10.

[0055] An anchor bolt unit is placed inside the cavity of the anchor bolt body 10. Specifically, windows are opened in the wall of the anchor bolt body 10, and the number and position of the windows correspond one-to-one with the tips. Specifically, there are three windows: a first window 101, a second window 102, and a third window 103. The first window 101 corresponds to the first tip 1103, the second window 102 corresponds to the second tip 1104, and the third window 103 corresponds to the third tip 1105. The walls of the anchor bolt body 10 with adjacent windows form a sliding shaft, and the position and number of the sliding shaft and the sliding track are one-to-one. Specifically, there are first sliding shafts 104 and second sliding shafts 105. The first sliding shaft 104 corresponds to the first sliding track 1101, and the second sliding shaft 105 corresponds to the second sliding track 1102. The anchoring spike 110 is placed inside the cavity of the anchor body 10 with its tip facing outward and inserted into the corresponding window. The sliding shaft is located in the corresponding sliding track. The sliding track near the mirror axis is the second sliding track 1102. The depth of the second sliding track 1102 is greater than the depth of the first sliding track 1101 away from the mirror axis. At this time, the tip does not protrude from the outer wall of the anchor body 10.

[0056] It is worth noting that in actual use, the number of apexes is not limited, which also means that the number of windows is not limited. It is only necessary to ensure that the number and position of the windows correspond one-to-one with the apexes.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] See Figures 1 to 6 This embodiment requires protection of the anchoring device, including the support anchor rod, the core rod 2, the first tray 30, the first nut 31, the second tray 40, and the second nut 41.

[0059] One end of the core rod 2 is a pointed end, and the other end of the core rod 2 is a threaded end. The core rod 2 is coaxially inserted into the anchor rod body 10, and the wall of the core rod 2 abuts against the arc-shaped edge of the anchor spike 110. The pointed end protrudes through the opening of the tapered section of the anchor rod body 10. The first tray 30 is coaxially fitted at the threaded section of the anchor rod, and the threaded section of the anchor rod engages with the first nut 31 until the first nut 31 and the first tray 30 are tightly abutted. The second tray 40 is coaxially fitted at the threaded end of the core rod 2, and the threaded end of the core rod 2 engages with the second nut 41 until the second nut 41 and the second tray 40 are tightly abutted.

[0060] The actual usage process is as follows:

[0061] See Figure 7First, the anchoring spike 110 is placed. Specifically, the anchoring spike 110 is placed inside the cavity of the anchor body 10. The first tip 1103 is inserted into the first window 101, the second window 102 is inserted into the second tip 1104, and the third tip 1105 is inserted into the third window 103. The tips should not extend beyond the outer wall of the anchor body 10. At this time, the first sliding shaft 104 is located at the first sliding track 1101, and the second sliding shaft 105 is located at the second sliding track 1102. At this time, the anchoring spike, the core rod, and the anchor body are in the first stage.

[0062] Secondly, construction is carried out at rock wall 5. Specifically, anchor bolt holes 50 are constructed on rock wall 5, and the anchor bolt holes 50 are enlarged according to the diameter and length of the anchor bolt body 10.

[0063] Next, the anchoring agent is placed, specifically by placing the anchoring agent at the opening of the conical section and then placing the anchor body 10 into the enlarged hole.

[0064] Then, the core rod 2 is installed. Specifically, the core rod 2 is driven into the anchor body 10. During this process, the pointed end presses against the arc-shaped edge of the anchor spike 110. At this time, the first sliding shaft 104 and the second sliding shaft 105 both slide in the first sliding track 1101 and the second sliding track 1102. During the sliding, since the depth of the second sliding track 1102 is greater than the depth of the first sliding track 1101, the first sliding shaft 104 reaches the first arc-shaped section 11011 after passing the first inclined groove section 11010 and can no longer slide. The second sliding shaft 105 reaches the second arc-shaped section 11021 after passing the second inclined groove section 11020. There is still some clearance in the second arc-shaped section 11021. At this time, it is in the second stage of anchor spike, core rod and anchor body. See reference. Figure 8 As shown, however, the arc-shaped edge of the anchoring spike 110 is still subjected to compression. Therefore, under the compression, the second sliding shaft 105 will continue to slide within the second arc-shaped segment 11021, and the first sliding shaft 104 can no longer slide. This only allows the anchoring spike 110 to rotate relative to the first sliding shaft 104, causing the second tip 1104 to extend from the second window 102 and the third tip 1105 to extend from the third window 103, inserting into the surrounding rock wall 5 to form a fitted structure. At this point, it is in the third stage of the anchoring spike, core rod, and anchor rod body. See [reference needed]. Figure 9 Meanwhile, the anchoring agent is released through the tapered section of the core rod penetrating the anchor rod body.

[0065] Finally, at the anchor body 10 and core rod 2, the first tray 30 is fitted onto the end of the anchor body 10, and the first nut 31 is tightened. After the first nut 31 engages with the threaded section of the anchor rod, it abuts against the first tray 30, thereby fixing the anchor body 10 axially. Then, the second tray 40 is fitted onto the core rod 2, and the threaded section of the core rod engages with the second nut 41 until the second nut 41 abuts against the second tray 40, thereby fixing the core rod 2 axially.

[0066] After installation, if the anchor body 10 slips, the anchor spike 110 at the top of the anchor body 10 will penetrate deeper, providing stronger support and improving overall pull-out resistance. Similarly, when the surface rock of the rock wall 5 experiences delamination displacement, the anchor spike 110 at the end of the anchor body 10 will penetrate deeper, providing stronger support and improving overall support strength. Furthermore, the stress on the rock wall 5 is evenly distributed to the anchor body 10 through the anchoring agent and anchor spike 110, ensuring uniform stress distribution. Combined with the auxiliary bearing capacity of the core rod 2, this further enhances the overall tensile strength of the anchor body 10.

[0067] It is worth noting that the anchoring spikes 110 at the end of the anchor body 10 and the anchoring spikes 110 at the top of the anchor body 10 refer to a set of anchoring spikes 110 arranged in a mirror image along the length of the anchor body 10.

[0068] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. Anchor spikes, characterized in that, The anchoring spike (110) has a blade-shaped side, with at least two rows of slides at the blade edge. The at least two rows of slides are inclined to one side and have different depths, and the blade edges on both sides of the slides form sharp points.

2. The anchoring spike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slide includes a sloping groove section and an arc section. An inclined groove is opened at the cutting edge to form the sloping groove section. The sloping groove section extends and transitions to form an arc section that is concave in the inclined direction. The width of the arc section is greater than the width of the sloping groove section.

3. The anchoring spike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchoring spike (110) has a semi-circular plate structure, and the straight edge of the anchoring spike (110) is beveled to form a blade shape.

4. A support anchor bolt, using the anchoring spikes as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It includes an anchor body (10) and anchor spike units. The anchor body (10) has a sleeve structure. An anchor spike units are arranged circumferentially on the tube of the anchor body (10). The anchor spike unit includes a set of anchor spikes (110) arranged in a mirror image along the length of the anchor body (10). The tube wall of the anchor body (10) has windows. The windows are arranged in a corresponding manner with the tips. The tube walls of the anchor body (10) with adjacent windows form a sliding shaft. The sliding shaft and the sliding track are arranged in a corresponding manner. The depth of the sliding track near the mirror shaft is greater than the depth of the sliding track away from the mirror shaft.

5. The support anchor bolt according to claim 4, characterized in that, One end of the anchor bolt body (10) has a conical structure forming a conical section.

6. The support anchor bolt according to claim 5, characterized in that, A conical section with a coaxial through hole.

7. The support anchor bolt according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the anchor body (10) away from the tapered section is provided with a first external thread to form the anchor thread section.

8. An anchoring device, using the support anchor bolt according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, It includes a support anchor rod, a core rod (2), an anchor rod fixing component and a core rod fixing component. The anchor rod body (10) is coaxially inserted into the core rod (2). The core rod (2) wall abuts against the arc edge of the anchor spike (110). An anchor rod fixing component is provided at the end of the anchor rod body (10) away from the conical section, and a core rod fixing component is provided at the end of the core rod (2) away from the conical section.

9. The anchoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The anchor bolt fixing component includes a first tray (30) and a first nut (31). The anchor bolt body (10) is coaxially fitted with the first tray (30), and the threaded section of the anchor bolt is coaxially engaged with the first nut (31).

10. The anchoring device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The core rod fixing component includes a second tray (40) and a second nut (41). The core rod (2) is coaxially fitted with the second tray (40). The core rod (2) is provided with a core rod thread section on the outer wall outside the anchor rod body (10). The core rod thread section meshes with the second nut (41).

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