Dual-mode intelligent switching type built-in and external antenna compatible small base station

Abstract

The utility model discloses a dual-mode intelligent switching type built-in and external antenna compatible small base station, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication equipment. A sinking groove is formed in the upper surface of the main shell; the shielding cover is fixed on the upper surface of the main shell, and a closed electromagnetic shielding cavity is formed between the shielding cover and the sinking groove of the main shell; the radio frequency single board and the built-in antenna are installed in the electromagnetic shielding cavity, the external antenna connector is installed on the outer side face of the main shell, and the built-in antenna and the external antenna connector are connected with the radio frequency single board through radio frequency cables. According to the utility model, a double-antenna parallel integrated architecture is adopted, and a physical layer signal separation transmission technology is combined, so that independent operation and cooperative work of two antenna systems are realized; a programmable radio frequency switch matrix is integrated in the radio frequency single board, so that a user can flexibly switch antenna modes according to different scene requirements, deploy antenna resources and improve signal coverage and transmission capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wireless communication equipment technology, specifically a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas. Background Technology

[0002] 5G small base stations primarily address the challenges posed by macro base stations. Small base stations are small in size and flexible in deployment, not limited by the site constraints of macro base stations. They can be flexibly deployed in densely populated and built-up areas, specifically supplementing weak coverage areas and blind spots of macro base stations to ensure signal quality. In hotspot areas, due to their low power, small base stations can implement frequency reuse within a smaller area, increasing capacity and helping macro base stations offload traffic. 5G small base stations are mainly used in large office buildings, large hotels, airports, high-speed rail stations, bus stations, docks, shopping malls, shopping plazas, large supermarkets, subways, high-speed rail, and highway tunnels. A 5G small base station mainly consists of an antenna unit, a transmission unit, and a control unit. Its working principle mainly includes signal reception and transmission, digital signal encoding and decoding, data transmission and processing, and management and control.

[0003] Currently, small cell technology faces significant application bottlenecks:

[0004] Traditional small base stations with a single antenna configuration cannot simultaneously achieve both ease of installation and signal coverage performance. While products with built-in antennas offer advantages such as no construction required and a concealed appearance, their signal coverage radius is typically limited to 50-100 meters, and their penetration capability is insufficient when facing obstacles such as reinforced concrete walls. Although products with external antennas can achieve wide-area coverage of over 200 meters, they require additional brackets and feeder systems, leading to a 30%-50% increase in deployment costs, and also present problems such as difficult outdoor maintenance and complex approval processes.

[0005] Market research shows that selecting a current small cell product requires an average of 3-5 working days for on-site surveys, and companies need to maintain a inventory of at least three different antenna configurations to meet diverse scenario requirements. This current technological situation severely restricts the deployment efficiency and cost control of small cells, necessitating an innovative solution that can overcome antenna type limitations. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas. By integrating a dual-antenna system and software-defined switching function, it can achieve adaptive signal coverage optimization in complex indoor and outdoor scenarios.

[0007] This utility model adopts the following technical solution: a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas, comprising:

[0008] The main casing has a groove on its upper surface;

[0009] The shielding cover is fixed to the upper surface of the main housing; a closed electromagnetic shielding cavity is formed between the shielding cover and the groove of the main housing.

[0010] The radio frequency board is installed in the electromagnetic shielding cavity;

[0011] The built-in antenna is installed in the electromagnetic shielding cavity and electrically connected to the radio frequency board.

[0012] An external antenna connector is mounted on the outer side of the main housing and electrically connected to the RF board.

[0013] Preferably, the shielding cover has a circular covering portion in the middle, and small holes are evenly distributed on the shielding cover around the covering portion.

[0014] Preferably, the small holes are distributed radially around the covering portion.

[0015] Preferably, the radio frequency board is fixed in the recess of the main housing, and the radio frequency board integrates a radio frequency switch, which is used to control the switching between the built-in antenna mode and the external antenna mode.

[0016] Preferably, four built-in antennas are provided, which are fixed at the four corners of the upper surface of the main housing. The built-in antennas are connected to the radio frequency board through radio frequency cables.

[0017] Preferably, the built-in antenna is a sheet metal antenna.

[0018] Preferably, four external antenna connectors are arranged side by side, and the four external antenna connectors are connected to the radio frequency board via radio frequency cables.

[0019] Preferably, the lower surface of the main housing is provided with heat dissipation ridges.

[0020] Preferably, the heat dissipation teeth include transverse heat dissipation teeth arranged in the middle of the main housing and two rows of longitudinal heat dissipation teeth arranged on both sides of the main housing.

[0021] Preferably, the lower surface of the main housing is fixed with four rectangularly arranged bracket screws for connecting the outer bracket.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0023] The shielding cover and the main housing adopt a split structure to form a closed electromagnetic shielding cavity, which effectively suppresses signal interference and facilitates the installation, maintenance and upgrading of small base stations. It also provides convenient operating space for the installation, debugging and subsequent maintenance of the built-in antenna, significantly improving the maintainability and practicality of the equipment and reducing the equipment maintenance cost and time.

[0024] By adopting a dual-antenna parallel integrated architecture and combining physical layer signal separation and transmission technology, the two antenna systems can operate independently and work together, providing a more flexible signal transmission method for small base stations. Antenna resources can be flexibly allocated according to different scenario requirements to improve signal coverage and transmission capabilities.

[0025] The radio frequency board integrates a programmable radio frequency switch matrix, which allows users to quickly switch signal transmission paths via software commands. This enables small base stations to flexibly switch between built-in antenna mode and external antenna mode. When switching antenna modes, radio frequency parameters can be adaptively adjusted to ensure the stability and continuity of signal transmission, achieving "zero downtime" scenario adaptation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a front view of a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to this utility model.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a right view of a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This utility model relates to a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas. Figure 1 .

[0031] Figure 5 This utility model relates to a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas. Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal circuit connection of a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to this utility model.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 1. Main casing; 11. Recessed groove; 12. Heat dissipation fins; 13. Bracket screws;

[0035] 2. Shielding cover; 21. Covering part; 22. Small hole;

[0036] 3. Radio frequency board;

[0037] 4. Built-in antenna;

[0038] 5. External antenna connector. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0040] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "around" and other terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this utility model provides a dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas. A recessed groove 11 is formed on the upper surface of the main housing 1. A shielding cover 2 is fixed to the upper surface of the main housing 1 with screws, forming a closed electromagnetic shielding cavity between the shielding cover 2 and the recessed groove 11 of the main housing 1, effectively suppressing signal interference. An RF board 3 and a built-in antenna 4 are installed in the electromagnetic shielding cavity. The RF board 3 is embedded in the recessed groove 11 of the main housing 1 and fixed with screws at multiple points. An external antenna connector 5 is installed on one end face of the main housing 1, and both the external antenna connector 5 and the built-in antenna 4 are connected to the RF board 3. This utility model adopts a dual-antenna parallel integrated architecture and achieves independent operation and collaborative work of the two antenna systems through physical layer signal separation transmission technology.

[0043] In this embodiment, the lower surface of the main housing 1 has heat dissipation teeth 12. The heat dissipation teeth 12 include transverse heat dissipation teeth 12 arranged in the middle of the main housing 1, and a row of longitudinal heat dissipation teeth 12 arranged on both sides of the main housing 1. Four rectangular bracket screws 13 are threaded to the bottom of the main housing 1, and the bracket screws 13 are used to fix the main housing 1 to the outer bracket. The shielding cover 2 has a circular covering part 21 in the middle. The shielding cover 2 has evenly distributed small holes 22 on the periphery of the covering part 21. The small holes 22 are radially distributed with the covering part 21 as the center. The shielding cover 2 and the main housing 1 adopt a split modular assembly design, which not only ensures good electromagnetic shielding performance inside the equipment and reduces external electromagnetic interference, but also facilitates the installation, maintenance and upgrading of the equipment. The split shielding cover 2 provides convenient operating space for the installation, debugging and subsequent maintenance of the built-in antenna 4, which significantly improves the maintainability and practicality of the equipment.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] Based on the above embodiment one, combined with Figures 3-6 As shown, in this embodiment, the built-in antenna 4 is a sheet metal antenna, which is easy to manufacture and flexible to install. A total of four built-in antennas 4 are provided, all connected to the RF board 3 via low-loss RF cables. The four built-in antennas 4 are fixed to the four corners of the upper surface of the main housing 1 with screws, forming a central symmetry that effectively increases the coverage distance, provides a better signal, and forms a basic signal coverage layer.

[0046] Four external antenna connectors 5 are arranged side-by-side, using standard N-type connectors. These four external antenna connectors 5 are connected to the RF board 3 via low-loss RF cables, supporting the connection of external directional / omnidirectional high-gain antennas to construct an enhanced signal transmission channel. Users can configure them according to their needs, increasing the flexibility of on-site construction and enhancing the product's competitiveness. This invention breaks through the limitations of traditional small base station antennas, providing diverse options for signal coverage in different scenarios.

[0047] Example 3:

[0048] Based on the above embodiment two, in this embodiment, the RF board 3 integrates a programmable RF switch matrix. This matrix is ​​connected to the control chip via the SPI communication protocol and can be freely controlled by software. Users can quickly switch the signal transmission path under software commands through a web management interface or mobile terminal APP, enabling the small base station to flexibly switch between the built-in antenna 4 mode and the external antenna mode. The built-in antenna 4 mode and the external antenna mode correspond to the built-in antenna 4 and the directional / omnidirectional high-gain antenna connected by the external antenna connector 5, respectively. The system has a built-in automatic detection mechanism. When switching antenna modes, it can complete the adaptive adjustment of RF parameters (such as gain, transmit power, etc.) within 50ms to ensure the stability and continuity of signal transmission and achieve "zero downtime" scenario adaptation.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas, characterized in that, include: The main housing (1) has a groove (11) on its upper surface. The shielding cover (2) is fixed on the upper surface of the main housing (1); a closed electromagnetic shielding cavity is formed between the shielding cover (2) and the groove (11) of the main housing (1); The radio frequency board (3) is installed in the electromagnetic shielding cavity; An internal antenna (4) is installed in the electromagnetic shielding cavity and electrically connected to the radio frequency board (3); An external antenna connector (5) is installed on the outer side of the main housing (1) and electrically connected to the radio frequency board (3).

2. The dual-mode intelligent switching type built-in and external antenna compatible small base station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shielding cover (2) has a circular covering part (21) in the middle, and small holes (22) are evenly distributed on the shielding cover (2) around the covering part (21).

3. A dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The small holes (22) are distributed radially around the covering part (21).

4. A dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radio frequency board (3) is fixed in the groove (11) of the main housing (1). The radio frequency board (3) integrates a radio frequency switch, which is used to control the switching between the built-in antenna (4) mode and the external antenna mode.

5. A dual-mode intelligent switching type internal and external antenna compatible small base station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The built-in antenna (4) is provided in four parts. The four built-in antennas (4) are fixed at the four corners of the upper surface of the main housing (1). The built-in antennas (4) are connected to the radio frequency board (3) through radio frequency cables.

6. A dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The built-in antenna (4) is a sheet metal antenna.

7. A dual-mode intelligent switching type internal and external antenna compatible small base station according to claim 5, characterized in that: Four external antenna connectors (5) are arranged side by side, and the four external antenna connectors (5) are connected to the radio frequency board (3) through radio frequency cables.

8. A dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the main housing (1) is provided with heat dissipation teeth (12).

9. A dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat dissipation teeth (12) include transverse heat dissipation teeth (12) arranged in the middle of the main housing (1) and two rows of longitudinal heat dissipation teeth (12) arranged on both sides of the main housing (1).

10. A dual-mode intelligent switching type small base station compatible with built-in and external antennas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower surface of the main housing (1) is fixed with four rectangularly arranged bracket screws (13) for connecting the outer bracket.

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