Superfine grinding device for peach-shaped channel of bearing

Abstract

The utility model provides a bearing peach-shaped channel superfinishing grinding device which comprises a base, and a workpiece rotating supporting mechanism and an oilstone swinging mechanism are arranged on the base. The workpiece rotating and supporting mechanism comprises a left tip and a right tip, the left tip is provided with a drive plate and a heart-shaped chuck, and the position of the right tip in the axial direction is adjustable. A mounting seat of the oilstone swinging mechanism can be fed in the left-right direction and the front-back direction and comprises an oilstone swinging rotating shaft capable of rotating in a reciprocating mode in the axial direction, an oilstone frame is arranged at the output end of the oilstone swinging rotating shaft, an oilstone box is arranged at the outer end of the oilstone frame, oilstone is assembled in the oilstone box in the vertical direction, and the axial extension line of the oilstone swinging rotating shaft and the oilstone intersect at a point O; and an oilstone pressing rod and a hydraulic valve are arranged on the oilstone frame. The device can finish superfinishing grinding of two curved surfaces of a peach-shaped channel under the condition that one device is used for one-time clamping, meanwhile, the device can be suitable for superfinishing of a shaft workpiece with a plurality of channels, and the adverse effect of multiple times of feeding on the superfinishing grinding precision can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of bearing processing equipment, specifically relating to an ultra-precision grinding device for bearing peach-shaped grooves. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of modern machining, ultra-precision grinding is a widely used processing method for precision parts, effectively refining surface roughness, improving surface physical and mechanical properties, and extending component lifespan. Specifically, ultra-precision grinding refers to the process of applying very little pressure to a workpiece using fine-grained abrasives such as oilstones under good cooling and lubrication conditions. The workpiece surface is then ground using rapid, short, reciprocating oscillations perpendicular to its rotation, thereby reducing surface roughness and waviness. Currently, conventional ultra-precision grinding equipment typically uses a fixed method for ultra-precision grinding of shaft grooves. The whetstone is set in a fixed position and swings left and right, causing the end of the whetstone to oscillate back and forth along an arc path within a certain range. This ultra-precision method is only suitable for ultra-precision grinding of grooves on products with a single arc curvature. For peach-shaped grooves, the arcs on both sides of the groove are not at the same center. Existing ultra-precision equipment can only grind one curved surface at a time. When grinding the other half of the curved surface, the workpiece needs to be flipped or transferred to another station. Multiple loading reduces processing efficiency and has an adverse effect on maintaining grinding accuracy. It may also lead to problems such as imbalance in the machining of bearing rings. Alternatively, a grinding method can be used to grind the peach-shaped groove using a dressing wheel. For example, the utility model patent CN113370002A, "Method for Dressing and Grinding the Peach-Shaped Groove of a Four-Point Contact Ball Bearing," discloses a method of using a grinding wheel dresser to dress the grinding wheel into a peach-shaped structure that matches the peach-shaped groove for grinding. However, the grinding precision is far lower than that of ultra-precision grinding, which is difficult to meet the requirements for some parts with high precision and service life. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a device capable of performing ultra-precision grinding on both sides of the curved surfaces of a bearing's peach-shaped groove in a single operation. To solve the aforementioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0004] A bearing peach-shaped groove ultra-precision grinding device includes a base, on which a workpiece rotation support mechanism and an oilstone swing mechanism are mounted. The workpiece rotation support mechanism includes a left center and a right center coaxially opposite each other in the horizontal direction. A dial is fitted at the left center, and a chuck is provided on the dial. The dial is driven to rotate by a servo motor mounted on the base. The position of the right center is adjustable along the axial direction. A first linear guide rail is horizontally arranged in the left-right direction on the base. A first mounting seat is movably arranged along the first linear guide rail. A second linear guide rail perpendicular to the first linear guide rail is arranged in the horizontal direction on the first mounting seat. A second mounting seat is movably arranged along the second linear guide rail. The oilstone oscillation mechanism is mounted on the second mounting base. The oilstone oscillation mechanism includes an oilstone oscillation shaft that can reciprocate axially. The oilstone oscillation shaft is horizontally oriented towards the workpiece rotation support mechanism and perpendicular to the axis of the left and right centers. The position of the oilstone oscillation shaft is adjustable in the vertical direction. An oilstone frame is fixedly installed at the output end of the oilstone oscillation shaft. An oilstone box is provided on the side of the oilstone frame facing the workpiece rotation support mechanism. An oilstone is assembled in the oilstone box in the vertical direction. The axial extension line of the oilstone oscillation shaft intersects the oilstone at point O. An oilstone pressure rod and a hydraulic valve are provided on the oilstone frame. The oilstone pressure rod applies a stable downward pressure to the oilstone through the hydraulic valve.

[0005] Preferably, the left and right tips are respectively installed in positioning seats on the base.

[0006] Preferably, the oilstone box has an oilstone assembly through hole along the vertical direction, the oilstone is assembled in the oilstone assembly through hole, and a press-fit steel ball spring plunger is provided on the side wall of the oilstone assembly through hole.

[0007] Preferably, the swing shaft of the oilstone is driven to rotate by a reciprocating motor mounted on the second mounting base.

[0008] Furthermore, both the first and second mounting bases are driven by stepper motors rotating to drive ball screws. A PLC controller is installed on the base, and each stepper motor, servo motor, reciprocating rotary motor, and hydraulic valve is connected to the PLC controller.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the workpiece clamping method of the combination of double centers and heart-shaped chuck has better axial stability and is suitable for high-precision ultra-precision grinding; the structure of the oilstone swing mechanism is reasonably designed. When the oilstone swing shaft reciprocates, the oilstone oscillates around point O as the center of rotation. The mounting seat of the oilstone swing shaft can move in the left-right and front-back directions. By pre-setting and controlling the feed stroke and rotation angle, when point O coincides with the center of the arc of the left and right curved surfaces of the peach-shaped groove, the two curved surfaces can be ultra-precision ground separately. This device can complete the ultra-precision grinding of the two curved surfaces of the peach-shaped groove in one clamping operation using one machine. It is also suitable for ultra-precision machining of shaft workpieces with multiple grooves, which can effectively reduce the adverse effects of multiple loading on the ultra-precision grinding accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 : A schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model.

[0011] Figure 2 : A top view of the structure of this utility model.

[0012] Figure 3 : A side view of the swing mechanism of the oilstone in this utility model.

[0013] Figure 4 : A partial structural diagram of point A in the left curved surface state of the grinding channel in this utility model.

[0014] Figure 5 : A partial structural diagram of point A in the right curved surface state of the grinding channel in this utility model.

[0015] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the oilstone box in this utility model.

[0016] In each figure: 1. Base; 11. First linear guide rail; 12. First mounting seat; 13. Second linear guide rail; 14. Second mounting seat; 2. Workpiece rotation support mechanism; 21. Left center; 22. Right center; 23. Dial; 24. Collet; 25. Servo motor; 26. Positioning seat; 3. Oilstone swing mechanism; 31. Oilstone swing shaft; 32. Oilstone frame; 33. Oilstone box; 331. Oilstone assembly through hole; 332. Press-fit steel ball spring plunger; 34. Oilstone; 35. O point; 36. Oilstone pressure rod; 37. Hydraulic valve; 38. Reciprocating rotary motor; 4. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand this utility model, a clearer and more complete description is provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The listed embodiments are preferred forms of this utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity of description and are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of this utility model. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of implementation of this utility model.

[0018] This utility model provides an ultra-precision grinding device for bearing peach-shaped grooves, referring to... Figures 1 to 3As shown, the system includes a base 1, on which a workpiece rotation support mechanism 2 and an oilstone swing mechanism 3 are mounted. The workpiece rotation support mechanism 2 includes a left center 21 and a right center 22 coaxially opposite each other in the horizontal direction. A dial 23 is fitted onto the left center 21, and a chuck 24 is mounted on the dial 23. The dial 23 is driven to rotate by a servo motor 25 mounted on the base 1. The position of the right center 22 is adjustable along the axial direction. In specific applications, the left center 21 and the right center 22 are respectively mounted in positioning seats 26 on the base 1. The two end faces of the shaft-like workpiece to be ground need to be pre-machined with center holes that match the taper of the centers, and grease should be added to the center holes to prevent frictional high temperatures between the center holes and the centers when the dial 23 drives the workpiece to rotate. A first linear guide rail 11 is horizontally arranged on the base 1 along the left-right direction. A first mounting seat 12 is movably arranged along the first linear guide rail 11. A second linear guide rail 13 is arranged on the first mounting seat 12 along the horizontal direction and perpendicular to the first linear guide rail 11. A second mounting seat 14 is movably arranged along the second linear guide rail 13. The oilstone swing mechanism 3 is mounted on the second mounting seat 14. The oilstone swing mechanism 3 includes an oilstone swing shaft 31 that can reciprocate axially. The oilstone swing shaft 31 is horizontally oriented toward the workpiece rotation support mechanism 2 and is perpendicular to the axis of the left tip 21 and the right tip 22. The position of the oilstone swing shaft 31 is adjustable in the vertical direction. An oilstone frame 32 is fixedly installed at the output end of the oilstone swing shaft 31. An oilstone box 33 is provided on the side of the oilstone frame 32 facing the workpiece rotation support mechanism 2. An oilstone 34 is assembled vertically inside the oilstone box 33. The axial extension line of the oilstone swing shaft 31 intersects the oilstone 34 at point O 35. When the swing shaft 31 of the oilstone reciprocates, the oilstone 34 oscillates around point O 35. The swing shaft 31 can be driven to rotate by a reciprocating motor 38 mounted on the second mounting base 14. The oilstone frame 32 is equipped with an oilstone pressure rod 36 and a hydraulic valve 37. The oilstone pressure rod 36 applies a stable downward pressure to the oilstone 34 through the hydraulic valve 37. The hydraulic valve 38 achieves stable pressure control under low oil pressure through a combination of a pressure reducing valve, a one-way throttle valve, and a solenoid valve. This is a mature existing technology in this field, and its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail.

[0019] In order to allow the oilstone 34 to move up and down within the oilstone box 35 without sliding down, in a preferred embodiment, refer to Figure 6As shown, the oilstone box 33 has an oilstone assembly through hole 331 in the vertical direction. The oilstone 34 is assembled in the oilstone assembly through hole 331. A pair of press-fit steel ball spring plungers 332 are provided on the side wall of the oilstone assembly through hole 331. One end of the steel ball of the press-fit steel ball spring plunger 332 faces the oilstone 34. When the oilstone 34 is inserted, the steel ball is pressed in. Under the action of the spring, the steel ball holds the oilstone 34 and prevents the oilstone 34 from sliding down under the action of gravity. When the lower end of the oilstone 34 is ground and shortened, the oilstone 34 can move down normally under the pressure of the oilstone pressure rod 36.

[0020] To enable more precise control of the movement of the first mounting base 12 on the first linear guide rail 11 and the second mounting base 14 on the second linear guide rail 13, both the first mounting base 12 and the second mounting base 14 are driven by stepper motors rotating to drive ball screws. A PLC controller 4 is provided on the base, and each power component such as the stepper motor, servo motor 25, reciprocating rotary motor 38, and hydraulic valve 37 is connected to the PLC controller 4. According to the specific specifications of the workpiece to be processed, the motion parameters of each component are preset, input, and locked in the PLC controller 4, thereby completing the ultra-precision grinding operation of the workpiece.

[0021] The working principle of this device is as follows: Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the peach-shaped channel has two curved surfaces, left and right, with the arc centers of their longitudinal sections being points O1 and O2, respectively. The central angle ranges of the arcs of the two curved surfaces are a and b, respectively. When the axial extension of the oilstone swing shaft 31 in the oilstone swing mechanism 3 intersects with the oilstone 33 at point O35, which coincides with point O1, and the reciprocating rotation angle of the oilstone swing shaft 31 corresponds to the central angle range a of the arc of the left half of the curved surface, the lower end of the oilstone 34 grinds the left half of the curved surface of the channel. When point O35 coincides with point O2, and the reciprocating rotation angle of the oilstone swing shaft 31 corresponds to the central angle range b of the arc of the right half of the curved surface, the lower end of the oilstone 34 grinds the right half of the curved surface of the channel. Therefore, this device controls the displacement and rotation angle range of the swing shaft 31 of the oilstone through the PLC controller 4, which enables ultra-precision grinding of the two semi-curved surfaces. The positions and angle ranges a and b of points O1 and O2 are known and determined for workpieces of the same specification and batch. Therefore, the relevant displacement and rotation angle parameters can be pre-input into the PLC controller 4. To ensure grinding accuracy, a portion of the workpieces can be calibrated and tested before formal grinding. The displacement and rotation angle parameters are preset in the PLC controller 4 according to the workpiece specifications. After grinding, the surface roughness and curvature of the test workpieces are tested. The preset parameters of the PLC controller 4 are fine-tuned based on the test results. For example, if the roughness does not meet the standard, it indicates insufficient feed; if the curvature change exceeds the standard, it indicates excessive feed. After several fine-tunings, when the indicators of the test workpieces meet the processing standards, all parameters are locked, and the locked parameters are used for control in subsequent formal grinding.

[0022] The working process of the device is as follows: First, the workpiece is loaded. The workpiece to be ground is placed between the left center 21 and the right center 22 by means of robotic arm and manual gripping. The position of the right center 22 is adjusted to place the workpiece between the two centers. The workpiece is clamped by the chuck 24. The servo motor 25 drives the dial 23 to rotate. The dial 23 drives the workpiece to rotate axially through the chuck 24. Next, the grinding operation is carried out. The PLC controller 4 controls the feeding of the oilstone swing mechanism 3 according to the preset parameters. It first feeds to the grinding station of half of the curved surface. At this time, point O35 coincides with point O1. The hydraulic valve 37 gently presses the oilstone 34 downward through the oilstone pressure rod 36, so that the lower end face of the oilstone 34 presses on the surface of the half of the curved surface to be ground in the workpiece groove. The oilstone swing shaft 31 reciprocates within the angle range a, and the lower end face of the oilstone 34 grinds the half of the curved surface. After the grinding of the half of the curved surface is completed, the hydraulic valve 37 stops pressurizing. The PLC controller 4 controls the oilstone swing mechanism 3 to exit the station and refeed to the grinding station of the other half of the curved surface according to the set parameters. At this time, point O35 coincides with point O2. The hydraulic valve 37 gently presses the oilstone 34 downward through the oilstone pressure rod 36, so that the lower end face of the oilstone 34 presses on the surface of the half of the curved surface to be ground in the workpiece groove. The oilstone swing shaft 31 reciprocates within the angle range a, and grinds the other half of the curved surface. After grinding is completed, hydraulic valve 37 stops pressurizing, oilstone swing mechanism 3 exits the workstation, workpiece rotation support mechanism 2 stops rotating, and after the workpiece is removed, the next workpiece is loaded again, and the above steps are repeated.

[0023] Compared with existing technologies, this device adopts a workpiece clamping method using a double-center and a heart-shaped chuck 24, which has better axial stability and is suitable for high-precision ultra-fine grinding. The oilstone oscillation mechanism 3 has a reasonable structural design. When the oilstone oscillation shaft 31 reciprocates, the oilstone 34 oscillates around point O 35 as the rotation center. The mounting base of the oilstone oscillation shaft 31 can move in the left-right and front-back directions. By pre-setting and controlling the feed stroke and rotation angle, when point O 35 coincides with the center of the arc of the left and right curved surfaces of the peach-shaped groove, the two curved surfaces can be ultra-fine ground separately. This device can complete the ultra-fine grinding of the two curved surfaces of the peach-shaped groove in one clamping operation using one machine. It is also suitable for ultra-fine machining of shaft workpieces with multiple grooves, which can effectively reduce the adverse effects of multiple loading on the ultra-fine grinding accuracy.

[0024] In summary, the bearing peach-shaped groove ultra-precision grinding device provided by this utility model effectively solves the problem that existing ultra-precision equipment cannot complete the ultra-precision grinding of the arc surface with different curvatures of the peach-shaped groove in a single operation, and has high utilization value and application significance.

[0025] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A bearing peach-shaped groove ultra-precision grinding device, comprising a base (1), wherein the base (1) is provided with a workpiece rotation support mechanism (2) and an oilstone swing mechanism (3), characterized in that: The workpiece rotation support mechanism (2) includes a left center (21) and a right center (22) coaxially opposite each other in the horizontal direction. A dial (23) is sleeved on the left center (21). A chuck (24) is provided on the dial (23). The dial (23) is driven to rotate by a servo motor (25) mounted on the base (1). The position of the right center (22) is adjustable in the axial direction. A first linear guide rail (11) is horizontally arranged in the left-right direction on the base (1). A first mounting seat (12) is movably arranged along the first linear guide rail (11). A second linear guide rail (13) is arranged in the horizontal direction on the first mounting seat (12) and perpendicular to the first linear guide rail (11). A second mounting seat (14) is movably arranged along the second linear guide rail (13). The oilstone swing mechanism (3) is mounted on the second mounting seat (14). The structure (3) includes an axially reciprocating swing shaft (31) for swinging an oilstone. The swing shaft (31) is oriented horizontally toward the workpiece rotation support mechanism (2) and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the left tip (21) and the right tip (22). The position of the swing shaft (31) is adjustable in the vertical direction. An oilstone frame (32) is fixedly installed at the output end of the swing shaft (31). An oilstone box (33) is provided on the side of the oilstone frame (32) facing the workpiece rotation support mechanism (2). An oilstone (34) is assembled in the oilstone box (33) in the vertical direction. The axial extension line of the swing shaft (31) intersects the oilstone (34) at point O (35). An oilstone pressure rod (36) and a hydraulic valve (37) are provided on the oilstone frame (32). The oilstone pressure rod (36) applies a stable downward pressure to the oilstone (34) through the hydraulic valve (37).

2. The bearing peach-shaped groove ultra-precision grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The left tip (21) and the right tip (22) are respectively installed in the positioning seat (26) on the base (1).

3. The bearing peach-shaped groove ultra-precision grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The oilstone box (33) has an oilstone assembly through hole (331) in the vertical direction. The oilstone (34) is assembled in the oilstone assembly through hole (331). A press-fit steel ball spring plunger (332) is provided on the side wall of the oilstone assembly through hole (331).

4. The bearing peach-shaped groove ultra-precision grinding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The swing shaft (31) of the oilstone is driven to rotate by a reciprocating motor (38) mounted on the second mounting base (14).

5. The bearing peach-shaped groove ultra-precision grinding device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Both the first mounting base (12) and the second mounting base (14) are driven by a stepper motor rotating to drive a ball screw. A PLC controller (4) is provided on the base. Each of the stepper motors, the servo motor (25), the reciprocating rotary motor (38) and the hydraulic valve (37) are connected to the PLC controller (4).

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