Power transmission system and working machine

Abstract

The utility model discloses a power transmission system and an operation machine. A power mechanism comprises an engine and a driving motor. The middle transmission mechanism comprises a power input shaft and a power output shaft, the power output shaft is in transmission connection with the drive axle assembly, and the power input shaft is in transmission connection with the gear shifting mechanism and the drive motor. The execution device comprises a gear shifting mechanism and a brake, the gear shifting mechanism is coaxially installed on an input shaft of the engine, the brake is connected to the power input shaft, and gear shifting of the gear shifting mechanism or action of the brake can be used for driving the engine to be in transmission connection with or separated from the middle transmission mechanism so as to switch different power modes. Through the action of the gear shifting mechanism or the brake, the power transmission system can be switched among different power modes, different power modes can be adopted according to different working condition requirements, it is ensured that both the engine and the motor can work in a high-efficiency area, and fuel consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of power transmission technology, specifically relating to a power transmission system and a working machine. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most construction machinery on the market, such as tractors, still use diesel engines as their power source. This traditional diesel tractor with a manual transmission not only generates significant noise and shift shock, but also suffers from low efficiency and severe environmental pollution, and places high demands on the driver. Electric tractors use electricity to drive the vehicle. Compared to traditional diesel tractors, electric tractors have advantages such as low emissions, cleanliness, low noise, and high energy efficiency. However, the technology is still immature and has disadvantages such as insufficient range. Hybrid tractors can solve the aforementioned problems of traditional and pure electric tractors. However, in existing hybrid tractors, the engine power cannot be coupled with the drive motor power, preventing the maximum power output. Furthermore, mature hollow shaft drive motors are scarce on the market, indicating a low level of technological maturity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a power transmission system and working machinery to achieve power coupling between the engine and the drive motor, thereby improving working capacity.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a power transmission system for use in working machinery, the power transmission system comprising:

[0005] The power system includes the engine and the drive motor;

[0006] An intermediate transmission mechanism includes a power input shaft and a power output shaft. The power output shaft is connected to the drive axle assembly, and the power input shaft is connected to both the shifting mechanism and the drive motor.

[0007] The actuator includes a shift mechanism and a brake. The shift mechanism is coaxially mounted on the input shaft of the engine, and the brake is connected to the power input shaft. The shifting of the shift mechanism or the action of the brake can be used to drive the engine to connect or disconnect from the intermediate transmission mechanism to switch different power modes.

[0008] In some embodiments, the power mechanism further includes a generator, and the engine and the generator are connected by a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly including an engine gear and a generator gear with external meshing, the input shaft of the engine being coaxially connected to the engine gear, and the input shaft of the generator being coaxially connected to the generator gear.

[0009] In some embodiments, the shifting mechanism includes a reverse gear set, a first shifting actuator, and a second shifting actuator arranged coaxially in sequence. The input ends of the reverse gear set, the first shifting actuator, and the second shifting actuator are all sleeved on the outer periphery of the engine's input shaft, and the output ends are all sleeved on the power input shaft. The operation of the first shifting actuator is used to switch the reverse gear set from being connected to or disconnected from the engine power, and the operation of the second shifting actuator is used to switch either the first shifting actuator or the second shifting actuator from being connected to or disconnected from the engine power.

[0010] In some embodiments, the reverse gear set includes a reverse input gear, a reverse output gear, and a reverse intermediate gear that meshes with both the reverse input gear and the reverse output gear. The reverse output gear is connected to the power input shaft. The first shift actuator includes a first gear set and a first shift actuator. The first shift actuator is located between the reverse input gear and the first gear set and can engage or disengage from the reverse input gear.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second shifting actuator includes a second gear set and a second shifting actuator, the second shifting actuator being located between the first gear set and the second gear set, and the second shifting actuator being capable of engaging or disengaging with the first gear set or the second gear set.

[0012] In some embodiments, the reverse input gear, the first gear set, and the second gear set are all sleeved on the outer periphery of the engine's input shaft, and the reverse input gear, the first gear set, and the second gear set are all sleeved on the power input shaft. The first shift actuator and the second shift actuator are coaxially connected to the engine's input shaft.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first shift actuator and the second shift actuator are sliding sleeves or clutches.

[0014] In some embodiments, the intermediate transmission mechanism further includes:

[0015] A gear ring external gear set is sleeved on the outer periphery of the power output shaft and has the power input shaft;

[0016] Planetary gears, which are connected to the power output shaft via planet carriers;

[0017] The drive motor gear meshes with the external gear set of the gear ring.

[0018] In some embodiments, the drive axle assembly includes a front drive axle and a rear drive axle, and the input shaft of the front drive axle is further provided with a four-wheel drive clutch.

[0019] A second aspect of this application provides a working machine, including the power transmission system described above.

[0020] Through the above technical solutions, the power transmission system and working machinery provided in this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0021] Through the above technical solution, the power transmission system of this application includes a power mechanism, an intermediate transmission mechanism, and an actuator. The actuator is coaxially mounted on the engine's input shaft. The intermediate transmission mechanism includes a power input shaft and a power output shaft. The power output shaft is connected to the drive axle assembly, and the power input shaft is connected to both the shift mechanism and the drive motor. The actuator includes a shift mechanism and a brake. The shift mechanism is coaxially mounted on the engine's input shaft, and the brake is connected to the power input shaft. The shifting of the shift mechanism or the action of the brake can be used to drive the engine to connect or disconnect from the intermediate transmission mechanism, switching between different power modes according to operating conditions. This application, through the actuator, can achieve power coupling between the engine and the drive motor, improving the overall vehicle's power performance and enabling operation in different modes according to operating conditions, thus reducing fuel consumption.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of this application will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of this application and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of this application, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power transmission system of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power output principle of the power transmission system in pure electric mode according to this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power output principle of the power transmission system in range-extending mode of this application;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power output principle of the power transmission system in hybrid mode according to this application.

[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0029] Detailed Implementation

[0030] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0031] The power transmission system and working machinery according to this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a power transmission system applied in a work machine. The work machine includes a drive axle assembly, and the power transmission system includes a power mechanism, an intermediate transmission mechanism, and an actuator. The power mechanism includes an engine 1 and a drive motor 75. The intermediate transmission mechanism includes a power input shaft 81 and a power output shaft 82. The power output shaft 82 is connected to the drive axle assembly, and the power input shaft 81 is connected to both the shifting mechanism and the drive motor 75. The actuator includes a shifting mechanism and a brake 54. The shifting mechanism is coaxially mounted on the input shaft of the engine 1, and the brake 54 is connected to the power input shaft 81. The shifting of the shifting mechanism or the action of the brake 54 can be used to drive the engine 1 to connect or disconnect from the intermediate transmission mechanism to switch different power modes.

[0033] The power modes include pure electric mode, range-extended mode, or hybrid mode.

[0034] In this embodiment, when the working machinery is operating, the operating conditions of the machinery are first determined. For example, when the machinery is a tractor, the power required for different operating conditions such as plowing and rotary tilling varies. Based on these different operating conditions, the shift mechanism or the brake 54 is controlled to connect or disconnect the engine 1 from the intermediate transmission mechanism. When the engine 1 is connected to the intermediate transmission mechanism, the engine 1 and the drive motor 75 work together to provide power to the drive axle assembly, achieving hybrid power supply. When the engine 1 is disconnected from the intermediate transmission mechanism, the engine 1 starts and transmits power to the generator 2 to generate electricity, achieving range-extended mode switching. When the engine 1 is disconnected from the intermediate transmission mechanism, and the engine 1 is turned off while the drive motor 75 starts and provides power to the drive axle assembly independently, pure electric mode switching is achieved. This application achieves switching between different power modes of the power transmission system through the action of the shift mechanism or the brake 54, enabling different power modes to be used according to different operating conditions. This ensures that both the engine 1 and the drive motor 75 can operate within their high-efficiency range, reducing fuel consumption.

[0035] In some embodiments, the power mechanism further includes a generator 2. The engine 1 and generator 2 are connected by a transmission assembly. In range-extending mode, the engine 1 can provide power to the generator 2. The transmission assembly includes an engine gear 11 and a generator gear 21 with external meshing. The input shaft of the engine 1 is coaxially connected to the engine gear 11, and the input shaft of the generator 2 is coaxially connected to the generator gear 21. In this embodiment, when the engine 1 starts, the engine 1 transmits its power to the engine gear 11 through its input shaft, causing the engine gear 11 to rotate. Since the engine gear 11 and generator gear 21 are meshed, the rotation of the engine gear 11 drives the generator gear 21 to rotate. Then, the power of the generator gear 21 is transmitted to the generator 2 via the generator 2 input shaft to provide power to the generator 2. The range-extending mode of this power transmission system can be realized through the transmission process of this transmission assembly.

[0036] In some embodiments, the shifting mechanism includes a reverse gear set, a first shifting actuator, and a second shifting actuator arranged coaxially in sequence. The input ends of the reverse gear set, the first shifting actuator, and the second shifting actuator are all sleeved on the outer periphery of the input shaft of the engine 1, and their output ends are all sleeved on the power input shaft 81. The action of the first shifting actuator is used to switch the reverse gear set's connection to or disconnection from the engine 1, and the action of the second shifting actuator is used to switch either the first or second shifting actuator's connection to or disconnection from the engine 1. In this embodiment, the shifting action of the first and second shifting actuators enables one of the reverse gear set, the first shifting actuator, and the second shifting actuator to be connected to the input shaft of the engine 1, thereby allowing for adjustments to power output according to different operating conditions and improving system efficiency.

[0037] Specifically, the reverse gear set includes a reverse input gear 31, a reverse output gear 32, and a reverse intermediate gear 33 that meshes with both the reverse input gear 31 and the reverse output gear 32. The reverse output gear 32 is connected to the power input shaft 81. The first shift actuator includes a first gear set and a first shift actuator 43, which is located between the reverse input gear 31 and the first gear set and can engage or disengage from the reverse input gear 31. The second shift actuator includes a second gear set and a second shift actuator 46, which is located between the first gear set and the second gear set and can engage or disengage from either the first or second gear set. The reverse input gear 31, the first gear set, and the second gear set are all sleeved on the outer periphery of the input shaft of the engine 1 and are all sleeved on the power input shaft 81. The first shift actuator 43 and the second shift actuator 46 are coaxially connected to the input shaft of the engine 1.

[0038] It should be noted that the first shift actuator 43 and the second shift actuator 46 can be either a sliding sleeve or a clutch to perform the gear shifting action. The first gear set includes a first-gear drive gear 41 and a first-gear driven gear 42 with external meshing. The first-gear drive gear 41 is mounted on the input shaft of the engine 1, and the first-gear driven gear 42 is connected to the power input shaft 81. The rotation of the first-gear drive gear 41 drives the first-gear driven gear 42 to rotate, thereby transmitting power to the power input shaft 81. The second gear set includes a second-gear drive gear 44 and a second-gear driven gear 45 with external meshing. The second-gear drive gear 44 is mounted on the input shaft of the engine 1, and the second-gear driven gear 45 is connected to the power input shaft 81. The rotation of the second-gear drive gear 44 drives the second-gear driven gear 45 to rotate, thereby transmitting power to the power input shaft 81. Furthermore, the first shift actuator 43 and the second shift actuator 46 have different transmission ratios, thus enabling the switching of different gears according to different power demands during vehicle operation.

[0039] In this embodiment, a reverse intermediate gear 33 is meshed between the reverse input gear 31 and the reverse output gear 32, which can change the output power direction of the reverse input gear 31. The presence of the reverse intermediate gear 33 allows the reverse output gear 32 to rotate in the opposite direction to the reverse input gear 31. In hybrid reverse mode, the first shift actuator 43 switches to the left position to connect with the reverse input gear 31, so that the output power of the engine 1 can be transmitted to the power input shaft 81 via the reverse gear set, cooperating with the drive motor 75 to reverse, thereby driving the vehicle to reverse. By adding a reverse gear set, this application can ensure that the power of the drive motor 75 and the engine 1 are aligned in the same direction when the planetary gear set converges, thus solving the problem of functional closure in hybrid mode and improving system efficiency. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the power flow of the engine 1 is transmitted through the gear ring, avoiding the conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy and back to mechanical energy, resulting in high transmission efficiency.

[0040] In some embodiments, the intermediate transmission mechanism further includes an external gear set 51, a planetary gear 52, and a drive motor gear 53; the external gear set 51 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the power output shaft 82 and has a power input shaft 81; the planetary gear 52 is connected to the power output shaft 82 through a planet carrier; and the drive motor gear 53 meshes with the external gear set 51.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the brake 54 is closed and the shifting mechanism is not engaged with the gears, power transmission braking between the power input shaft 81 and the engine 1 can be achieved. That is, in pure electric mode or range-extended mode, when the brake 54 is closed, the power of the engine 1 cannot be transmitted to the power input shaft 81, allowing the drive motor 75 to provide power to the drive axle assembly independently. When the brake 54 is disengaged, the power transmission between the power input shaft 81 and the engine 1 is connected, and the power of the engine 1 can be transmitted to the power input shaft 81 through the reverse gear set, the first gear set, or the second gear set. In this way, the engine 1 and the drive motor 75 can cooperate to provide driving power to the drive axle assembly.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, in pure electric mode, brake 54 is closed, switching the first shift actuator 43 and the second shift actuator 46 to the neutral position, so that the power of engine 1 is not transmitted to the power input shaft 81; the drive motor 75 is activated, and the drive motor 75 can provide power to the front drive axle 71 and the rear drive axle 72 independently. Figure 2 As shown, the direction of power transmission in pure electric mode can be referenced by the red line.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, in range-extending mode, brake 54 is closed, and both the first shift actuator 43 and the second shift actuator 46 are switched to the neutral position. Power transmission between engine 1 and power input shaft 81 is disconnected, so engine 1 only provides power to generator 2 for power generation. Furthermore, drive motor 75 is activated, and its rotational force drives drive motor gear 53 and external gear set 51 to rotate. External gear set 51 drives planetary gear 52 via planetary carrier, thereby transmitting power to the front drive axle 71 and rear drive axle 72 via power output shaft 82. Figure 3 As shown, the direction of power transmission in range-extended mode can be referenced by the red line.

[0044] Furthermore, the hybrid mode includes a hybrid forward mode and a hybrid reverse mode, such as... Figure 4 As shown, in hybrid forward mode, brake 54 is disengaged, allowing power transmission between engine 1 and power input shaft 81. The first shift actuator 43 is switched to the neutral position, and the second shift actuator 46 is switched to the left position to connect with the first gear drive gear 41, or to the right position to connect with the second gear drive gear 44. This allows for selection of the shift position based on different power requirements. The output power of engine 1 is transmitted to power input shaft 81 via the second shift actuator 46 and the gear set, and the power from engine 1, along with the power from drive motor 75, is combined and sent to planetary gear 52. This allows drive motor 75 and engine 1 to simultaneously provide forward driving power to the front drive axle 71 and rear drive axle 72. Figure 4 As shown, the power transmission direction in hybrid forward mode can be referenced by the red line. In hybrid reverse mode, the brake 54 is disengaged, allowing power transmission between the engine 1 and the power input shaft 81. The first shift actuator 43 is switched to the left position to establish a transmission connection between the reverse gear set and the power input shaft 81. Since the reverse gear intermediate wheel 33 meshes between the reverse input gear 31 and the reverse output gear 32, the power transmission direction of the engine 1 can be changed, coordinating with the reverse rotation of the drive motor 75 to drive the vehicle backward. This application employs a planetary gear 52 structure, decoupling the engine speed and vehicle travel speed. The engine 1 can always operate in the high-efficiency range, reducing fuel consumption. By controlling the speed of the drive motor 75, stepless speed regulation of the vehicle travel speed can be achieved.

[0045] The booster pump assembly includes a booster pump 61 and a booster pump input gear 62, a booster pump intermediate gear 64, and a booster pump output gear 63 that mesh sequentially around its outer periphery. The booster pump input gear 62 is coaxially connected to the input shaft of the engine 1, and the booster pump output gear 63 is coaxially connected to the booster pump 61. In this way, the power of the engine 1 can be simultaneously transmitted to the PTO and the booster pump 61. Compared with the complex transmission structures in the prior art, the transmission chain of this application is simple, reducing the need for a transfer case and a PTO motor, saving cost and installation space. The arrangement of the gears is also reasonable, facilitating the arrangement of the gear train and bearings.

[0046] In addition, a four-wheel drive clutch 74 is provided on the input shaft of the front drive axle 71. By controlling the engagement of the four-wheel drive clutch 74, the vehicle can achieve four-wheel drive.

[0047] A second aspect of this application provides a work machine including the power transmission system described above. This work machine can be a tractor, heavy truck, or construction machinery, etc. Since this work machine employs all embodiments of the aforementioned power transmission system, it possesses all the beneficial effects brought about by the aforementioned power transmission system, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0048] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0049] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between components; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0051] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A power transmission system, applied in working machinery, characterized in that, The power transmission system includes: The power mechanism includes an engine (1) and a drive motor (75); An intermediate transmission mechanism, comprising a power input shaft (81) and a power output shaft (82), wherein the power output shaft (82) is connected to the drive axle assembly in a transmission manner; The actuator includes a shift mechanism and a brake (54). The shift mechanism is coaxially mounted on the input shaft of the engine (1). The power input shaft (81) is connected to both the shift mechanism and the drive motor (75). The brake (54) is connected to the power input shaft (81). The shifting of the shift mechanism or the action of the brake (54) can be used to drive the engine (1) to connect or disconnect from the intermediate transmission mechanism to switch different power modes.

2. The power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power mechanism also includes a generator (2). The engine (1) and the generator (2) are connected by a transmission assembly. The transmission assembly includes an engine gear (11) and a generator gear (21) that mesh on their outer periphery. The input shaft of the engine (1) is coaxially connected to the engine gear (11), and the input shaft of the generator (2) is coaxially connected to the generator gear (21).

3. The power transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The shifting mechanism includes a reverse gear set, a first shifting actuator, and a second shifting actuator arranged coaxially in sequence. The input ends of the reverse gear set, the first shifting actuator, and the second shifting actuator are all sleeved on the outer periphery of the input shaft of the engine (1), and the output ends are all sleeved on the power input shaft (81). The action of the first shifting actuator is used to switch the reverse gear set to power connection or disconnection with the engine (1), and the action of the second shifting actuator is used to switch the first shifting actuator or the second shifting actuator to power connection or disconnection with the engine (1).

4. The power transmission system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reverse gear set includes a reverse input gear (31), a reverse output gear (32), and a reverse intermediate gear (33) that meshes with both the reverse input gear (31) and the reverse output gear (32). The reverse output gear (32) is connected to the power input shaft (81). The first shift actuator includes a first gear set and a first shift actuator (43). The first shift actuator (43) is located between the reverse input gear (31) and the first gear set. The first shift actuator (43) can engage or disengage with the reverse input gear (31).

5. The power transmission system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second shifting actuator includes a second gear set and a second shifting actuator (46). The second shifting actuator (46) is located between the first gear set and the second gear set. The second shifting actuator (46) can engage or disengage with the first gear set or the second gear set.

6. The power transmission system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The reverse input gear (31), the first gear set, and the second gear set are all sleeved on the outer periphery of the input shaft of the engine (1). At the same time, the reverse input gear (31), the first gear set, and the second gear set are all sleeved on the power input shaft (81). The first shift actuator (43) and the second shift actuator (46) are coaxially connected to the input shaft of the engine (1).

7. The power transmission system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first shift actuator (43) and the second shift actuator (46) are sliding sleeves or clutches.

8. The power transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The intermediate transmission mechanism also includes: The external gear set (51) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the power output shaft (82) and has the power input shaft (81). Planetary gear (52), which is connected to the power output shaft (82) via a planet carrier; The drive motor gear (53) meshes with the external gear set (51) of the gear ring.

9. The power transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The drive axle assembly includes a front drive axle (71) and a rear drive axle (72), and the input shaft of the front drive axle (71) is also provided with a four-wheel drive clutch (74).

10. A type of operating machinery, characterized in that, Includes the power transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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