Heavy-load train tail air charging and discharging system and braking device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a heavy haul train tail air charging and discharging system and brake device, including air storage cylinder, air compressor and air charging and discharging mechanism, the other end of air storage cylinder is connected with the air charging and discharging mechanism, the air charging and discharging mechanism includes air discharging assembly and air charging assembly, the air storage cylinder and the air compressor which are independently arranged are matched with the air exhaust assembly and the air charging assembly, braking and braking release of the train are achieved, the phenomenon of asynchronous braking of the head and the tail of the heavy-load train is improved, in addition, a stable air source is established at the tail of the train, insufficient air charging amount can be avoided, and therefore it is ensured that the pressure of a train braking pipe is rapidly recovered; the delay is greatly reduced and relieved, the conditions that the pressure of the brake cylinder is low during secondary braking, the braking force is weak during secondary braking, and the train overspeed and out-of-control conditions affect the running safety of the train are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway transportation equipment technology, and in particular to a rear-end air filling and exhaust system and braking device for heavy-duty trains. Background Technology

[0002] In heavy-haul railway transportation, train braking and release signals are transmitted through changes in compressed air pressure. However, due to the inherent lag in gas pressure transmission, coupled with the complex structure of the train's piping system, asynchronous movements between the locomotive and rear end occur during braking or release. This problem is particularly prominent in long, heavy-haul trains, causing significant longitudinal impulses and severely affecting the smoothness of train operation.

[0003] Currently, the tail device installed at the rear of 10,000-ton freight trains is limited by the air-charging mode. When cyclic braking is required, the air-charging is insufficient to a certain extent, resulting in large fluctuations in pipe pressure and insufficient air cylinder pressure. This leads to low pressure in the vehicle's brake cylinder, resulting in weak braking force when braking again. This poses a risk of speeding and loss of train control, which in turn causes large longitudinal impact force on the train, affecting train operation safety. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a rear-end air filling and exhaust system and braking device for heavy-duty trains, which solves at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a rear-end air supply and exhaust system for heavy-haul trains, comprising:

[0006] An air storage cylinder, used to store compressed air;

[0007] An air compressor, wherein one end of the air compressor is connected to the air receiver cylinder, and the air compressor is capable of providing compressed air to the air receiver cylinder;

[0008] The air charging and discharging mechanism includes an air discharging component and an air charging component. The air discharging component can discharge compressed air from the train brake pipe and charge air into the brake cylinder to trigger the train braking state. The air charging component can charge compressed air into the train brake pipe to discharge the air in the brake cylinder to release the train braking state.

[0009] In one embodiment, the heavy-haul train tail-end air filling and exhaust system further includes a monitoring mechanism, which includes a flow meter and several pressure sensors. Pressure sensors are installed in the air storage cylinder, the air filling and exhaust mechanism, and the train brake pipe, and the flow meter is installed on the train brake pipe.

[0010] In one embodiment, the air filling and exhausting mechanism further includes a housing and a suspension assembly, the suspension assembly being disposed outside the housing and used to suspend the air filling and exhausting mechanism at the rear of a heavy-duty train.

[0011] In one embodiment, the air filling and exhaust mechanism further includes an information processing unit and a communication component. The information processing unit is disposed inside the housing and electrically connected to the exhaust component and the communication component. The communication module of the communication component is plugged into the information processing unit.

[0012] In one embodiment, the exhaust system at the rear of the heavy-haul train further includes a circulation and recovery mechanism, which includes an oil-water separator and a buffer tank. One end of the oil-water separator is connected to the exhaust mechanism, and the other end of the oil-water separator is connected to the buffer tank. The exhaust mechanism can guide the air discharged from the brake cylinder through the oil-water separator into the buffer tank. The other end of the buffer tank is connected to the air compressor.

[0013] In one embodiment, the rear air charging and discharging system of the heavy-haul train further includes an emergency braking mechanism, which includes an emergency braking cylinder and an emergency braking valve. The emergency braking valve can control the emergency braking cylinder to charge compressed air into the brake cylinder, thereby discharging the air in the brake cylinder and releasing the train from the braking state.

[0014] In one embodiment, the heavy-haul train tail-end air supply and exhaust system further includes a filter and drying mechanism, which is disposed between the air compressor and the air storage cylinder, and is used to filter impurities and moisture in the compressed air.

[0015] In one embodiment, the heavy-haul train tail-end charging and exhaust system further includes a power supply mechanism, which includes a generator, a battery, and a power management system. The generator is fixed to the tail end of the heavy-haul train, the battery is connected to the generator, and the battery is connected to the air compressor and the charging and exhaust mechanism.

[0016] In one embodiment, the air storage cylinder is further provided with a pressure relief valve, which is electrically connected to a pressure sensor on the air storage cylinder.

[0017] Secondly, this utility model also provides a heavy-duty train braking device, including the aforementioned heavy-duty train tail-end air filling and exhaust system, and further including a controller, a first valve, a second valve, and a brake cylinder. The first valve and the second valve are connected to the train's brake pipe, and the controller is electrically connected to the first valve and the second valve. The controller can control the first valve to open after air filling to exhaust air from the train's brake pipe and fill the brake cylinder with air to trigger the train's braking state. The controller can also control the second valve to open to fill the train's brake pipe with compressed air, thereby expelling the air from the brake cylinder and releasing the train's braking state.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are as follows: This application provides a rear-end air charging and discharging system and braking device for heavy-duty trains, including an air storage cylinder, an air compressor, and an air charging and discharging mechanism. The other end of the air storage cylinder is connected to the air charging and discharging mechanism, which includes a discharging component and a charging component. By independently setting the air storage cylinder and air compressor, and cooperating with the discharging component and the charging component, the braking and release of the train can be realized, and the asynchronous braking phenomenon at the front and rear of the heavy-duty train can be improved. In addition, by establishing a stable air source at the rear of the train, insufficient air volume can be avoided, thereby ensuring the rapid recovery of the train's brake pipe pressure, greatly reducing the release delay, and preventing the brake cylinder pressure from being too low and the braking force from being too weak when braking again, thus preventing the train from speeding and losing control, which would affect train operation safety. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will be described in more detail below based on embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rear-end air supply and exhaust system for a heavy-duty train, provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air filling and exhaust mechanism of a heavy-duty train tail air filling and exhaust system provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 1. Air reservoir;

[0024] 2. Air compressor;

[0025] 3. Charging and exhaust mechanism; 31. Exhaust assembly; 32. Charging assembly; 33. Housing; 34. Suspension assembly; 35. Communication assembly; 36. Display assembly; 37. Air inlet duct; 38. Backup battery;

[0026] 4. Filtering and drying mechanism;

[0027] 5. Power supply mechanism;

[0028] 6. Oil-water separator;

[0029] 7. Buffer tank. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0032] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0033] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or a joint; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature indicates that the first and second features are in direct contact or indirect contact via an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0035] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Firstly, see Figures 1-2 An embodiment of this application provides a rear-end air charging and discharging system for heavy-duty trains, comprising an air storage cylinder 1, an air compressor 2, and a charging and discharging mechanism 3. The air storage cylinder 1 is used to store compressed air. The air compressor 2 is connected to one end of the air storage cylinder 1 and can provide compressed air to the air storage cylinder 1. The other end of the air storage cylinder 1 is connected to the charging and discharging mechanism 3. The charging and discharging mechanism 3 includes a discharging component 31 and a charging component 32. The discharging component 31 can discharge compressed air from the train brake pipe and charge air into the brake cylinder to trigger the train's braking state. The charging component 32 can charge compressed air into the train brake pipe to discharge air from the brake cylinder and release the train's braking state.

[0038] The heavy-haul train tail-end air supply and exhaust system provided in this application embodiment uses an independently set air storage cylinder 1 and air compressor 2, along with an exhaust component 31 and an air supply component 32, to achieve braking and releasing of the train, and improve the asynchronous braking phenomenon at the front and rear of the heavy-haul train. In addition, by establishing a stable air source at the rear of the train, insufficient air supply can be avoided, thereby ensuring rapid recovery of the train brake pipe pressure, greatly reducing the release delay, and preventing the brake cylinder pressure from being too low and the braking force from being too weak when braking again, thus preventing the train from speeding and losing control, which would affect train operation safety.

[0039] like Figures 1-2As shown, in some embodiments, the heavy-haul train's rear-end air filling and exhaust system further includes a monitoring mechanism. This monitoring mechanism includes a flow meter and several pressure sensors. Pressure sensors are installed on the air storage cylinder 1, the air filling and exhaust mechanism 3, and the train brake pipe. The flow meter is installed on the train brake pipe. By installing pressure sensors on the air storage cylinder 1, the air filling and exhaust mechanism 3, and the train brake pipe, the pressure at all three ends of these components can be simultaneously collected and compared with theoretical pressure curves in real time. This allows for rapid identification of anomalies, enabling staff to quickly detect abnormalities and perform maintenance and repairs.

[0040] In addition, by installing a flow meter on the train brake pipe to monitor the air flow in the train brake pipe in real time, and combining it with pressure data, the braking effect can be evaluated, thereby quickly detecting brake shoe wear or brake cylinder leakage. Furthermore, by switching the air charging path, the air charging efficiency can be optimized.

[0041] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, the air filling and exhausting mechanism 3 further includes a housing 33 and a suspension assembly 34. The suspension assembly 34 is disposed outside the housing 33 and is used to suspend the air filling and exhausting mechanism 3 at the rear of the heavy-duty train.

[0042] By integrating the air storage cylinder 1, air compressor 2, and air filling and exhaust assembly 31 into the housing 33, a compact modular structure is formed, which facilitates quick installation and maintenance at the rear of the train. At the same time, it improves the overall protective performance of the air filling and exhaust mechanism 3, preventing external environmental corrosion of internal key components. Moisture-proof, shock-proof, and temperature regulation modules can be added inside the housing 33 to ensure that the air filling and exhaust mechanism 3 can maintain stable operation under extreme conditions, greatly expanding its application range.

[0043] In this embodiment, the suspension assembly 34 adopts an adjustable design, which can be adapted to the rear installation interface of heavy-duty trains of different models and specifications, ensuring that the air filling and exhaust mechanism 3 is stably suspended, avoiding equipment loosening or falling off due to vibration during operation, and improving the long-term reliability of the system.

[0044] In addition, the housing 33 adopts a detachable design, and together with the quick-locking function of the suspension assembly 34, it is convenient for on-site personnel to inspect or replace the internal components, shorten maintenance time, and improve operational efficiency.

[0045] Compressed air in the air reservoir 1 enters the air charging and discharging mechanism 3 through the air inlet pipe 37, and then is charged into the brake pipe through the air charging assembly 32.

[0046] like Figures 1-2As shown, in some embodiments, the air filling and exhaust mechanism 3 further includes an information processing unit and a communication component 35. The information processing unit is disposed inside the housing 33 and is electrically connected to the exhaust component 31 and the communication component 35. The communication module of the communication component 35 is plugged into the information processing unit.

[0047] By setting up an information processing unit, it is possible to continuously collect key parameters such as air pressure, flow rate, and temperature of the exhaust component 31. On the one hand, it is possible to regulate the exhaust component 31, which can avoid insufficient air volume in the brake pipe, thereby ensuring the rapid recovery of the train's brake pipe pressure, greatly reducing the relief delay, and preventing the brake cylinder pressure from being too low and the braking force from being too weak when braking again, thus preventing the train from speeding and losing control, which would affect train operation safety. On the other hand, it is possible to judge abnormal states such as pipeline leakage and valve jamming in real time and trigger early warning.

[0048] Furthermore, data is uploaded to the train control center via the communication module, enabling remote diagnosis of fault codes and greatly improving maintenance efficiency.

[0049] In some embodiments, the air filling and exhaust mechanism 3 further includes a display component 36, which can display real-time data of air pressure, flow rate and temperature, so that staff can view and make adjustments.

[0050] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, the heavy-duty train tail-end air supply and exhaust system further includes a circulation and recovery mechanism, which includes an oil-water separator 6 and a buffer tank 7. One end of the oil-water separator 6 is connected to the exhaust mechanism, and the other end of the oil-water separator 6 is connected to the buffer tank 7. The exhaust mechanism can guide the air discharged from the brake cylinder through the oil-water separator 6 into the buffer tank 7. The other end of the buffer tank 7 is connected to the air compressor 2.

[0051] By setting up buffer tank 7, on the one hand, the compressed air discharged from the brake cylinder can be temporarily stored in buffer tank 7 after oil-water separation, and then flowed back to the air intake end of air compressor 2, effectively recovering the compressed air that was originally discharged to the atmosphere and improving the overall energy utilization rate of the system. On the other hand, as a pressure buffer unit, buffer tank 7 can suppress the pressure during the exhaust stage, provide a stable air supply for air compressor 2, reduce the frequent start and stop of air compressor 2, and ensure a smoother exhaust process of brake cylinder.

[0052] By installing the oil-water separator 6, lubricating oil mist and condensate in the recovered compressed air can be removed, preventing oil-water mixture from entering the buffer tank 7 and the air compressor 2, thus avoiding pipeline corrosion, valve jamming, and internal contamination of the air compressor 2, thereby greatly extending the service life of each component.

[0053] In addition, the buffer tank 7 is also equipped with a drain outlet, which enables regular drainage of the buffer tank 7 and prevents impurities that are not fully filtered by the oil-water separator 6 from accumulating inside the buffer tank 7.

[0054] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, the heavy-haul train tail-end air filling and exhaust system further includes an emergency braking mechanism, which includes an emergency braking cylinder and an emergency braking valve. The emergency braking valve can control the emergency braking cylinder to fill the brake cylinder with compressed air, thereby expelling the air in the brake cylinder and releasing the train from the braking state.

[0055] By setting up an emergency brake air cylinder and an emergency brake valve, when the main charging and exhaust system fails, the emergency brake valve can instantly switch to supply air to the emergency brake air cylinder, ensuring that the brake cylinder is quickly charged and the braking state is released, thus preventing the train from losing control.

[0056] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, the heavy-duty train tail-end air filling and exhaust system further includes a filter drying mechanism 4, which is disposed between the air compressor 2 and the air storage cylinder 1, and is used to filter impurities and moisture in the compressed air.

[0057] By setting a filter and drying mechanism 4 between the air compressor 2 and the air storage cylinder 1, it can remove particulate impurities such as oil mist and dust, thereby preventing impurities from entering the brake valve and causing jamming, which would prevent braking and thus cause a safety accident. On the other hand, it can dry the compressed air to prevent moisture from entering the brake pipe and causing ice blockage in the brake pipe in low temperature environments.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the filtration and drying mechanism 4 includes a filtration component and a drying component. The filtration component is a combination of a fiber filter element and an activated carbon layer, and the drying component is composed of a condenser and an adsorption tower.

[0059] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, the heavy-duty train tail-end charging and exhaust system further includes a power supply mechanism 5, which includes a generator, a battery, and a power management system. The generator is fixed to the tail of the heavy-duty train, the battery is connected to the generator, and the battery is connected to the air compressor 2 and the charging and exhaust mechanism 3.

[0060] By setting up generators, the energy from the wheels or vibrations during train operation can charge the batteries in real time, thus achieving energy self-sufficiency, greatly extending the service life of various electrical components, and by setting up a power management system, a stable power supply can be achieved for various electrical components.

[0061] In some embodiments, the charging and venting mechanism 3 is also provided with a backup battery 38. By providing a backup battery 38, it is possible to ensure that the charging and venting mechanism 3 can be powered when the power supply mechanism 5 fails, so as to achieve normal operation of the charging and venting mechanism 3 and prevent the braking system from being unable to function properly.

[0062] like Figures 1-2 As shown, in some embodiments, the air storage cylinder 1 is also provided with a pressure relief valve, which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor on the air storage cylinder 1.

[0063] The pressure of the air storage cylinder 1 is monitored in real time by a pressure sensor. When the pressure exceeds the set threshold, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to release pressure, thereby avoiding the risk of the air storage cylinder 1 bursting due to overpressure.

[0064] Secondly, an embodiment of this application also provides a heavy-duty train braking device, including the aforementioned heavy-duty train tail-end air filling and exhaust system, and further including a controller, a first valve, a second valve, and a brake cylinder. The first valve and the second valve are connected to the train brake pipe, and the controller is electrically connected to the first valve and the second valve. The controller can control the first valve to open after air filling to exhaust air from the train brake pipe and fill the brake cylinder with air to trigger the train braking state. The controller can control the second valve to open to fill the train brake pipe with compressed air and exhaust the air in the brake cylinder to release the train braking state.

[0065] The heavy-duty train braking device provided in this embodiment achieves efficient and precise control of the braking process by integrating an intelligent controller and a dual-valve coordinated control system. It adopts independent control of the exhaust braking and charging release processes using the first and second valves. By precisely adjusting the valve opening and action sequence through the controller, the braking / release response time is greatly shortened, significantly improving the braking synchronization between the front and rear ends of the train. It can also establish a stable air source at the rear of the train, avoiding insufficient charging volume, thereby ensuring rapid recovery of the train's brake pipe pressure, greatly reducing release delay, and preventing the brake cylinder pressure from being too low and the braking force from being too weak when braking again. This prevents the train from speeding and losing control, thus affecting train operation safety.

[0066] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A rear-end charging and discharging ventilation system for heavy-haul trains, characterized in that, include: An air storage cylinder, used to store compressed air; An air compressor, wherein one end of the air compressor is connected to the air receiver cylinder, and the air compressor is capable of providing compressed air to the air receiver cylinder; The air charging and discharging mechanism includes an air discharging component and an air charging component. The air discharging component can discharge compressed air from the train brake pipe and charge air into the brake cylinder to trigger the train braking state. The air charging component can charge compressed air into the train brake pipe to discharge the air in the brake cylinder to release the train braking state.

2. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heavy-haul train's rear air filling and exhaust system also includes a monitoring mechanism, which includes a flow meter and several pressure sensors. Pressure sensors are installed in the air storage cylinder, the air filling and exhaust mechanism, and the train brake pipe, and the flow meter is installed on the train brake pipe.

3. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air filling and exhaust mechanism also includes a housing and a suspension assembly. The suspension assembly is disposed outside the housing and is used to suspend the air filling and exhaust mechanism at the rear of the heavy-duty train.

4. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ventilation mechanism further includes an information processing unit and a communication component. The information processing unit is disposed inside the housing and is electrically connected to the ventilation component and the communication component. The communication module of the communication component is plugged into the information processing unit.

5. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heavy-haul train's tail-end air supply and exhaust system also includes a circulation and recovery mechanism, which includes an oil-water separator and a buffer tank. One end of the oil-water separator is connected to the exhaust mechanism, and the other end of the oil-water separator is connected to the buffer tank. The exhaust mechanism can guide the air discharged from the brake cylinder through the oil-water separator into the buffer tank. The other end of the buffer tank is connected to the air compressor.

6. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear air supply and exhaust system of the heavy-haul train also includes an emergency braking mechanism, which includes an emergency braking cylinder and an emergency braking valve. The emergency braking valve can control the emergency braking cylinder to supply compressed air to the brake cylinder, thereby expelling the air in the brake cylinder and releasing the train from the braking state.

7. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heavy-haul train's tail-end air supply and exhaust system also includes a filter and drying mechanism, which is located between the air compressor and the air storage cylinder. The filter and drying mechanism is used to filter impurities and moisture in the compressed air.

8. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and exhaust system also includes a power supply mechanism, which includes a generator, a battery, and a power management system. The generator is fixed to the tail of the heavy-haul train, the battery is connected to the generator, and the battery is connected to the air compressor and the charging and exhaust mechanism.

9. The heavy-haul train tail-end charging and discharging ventilation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air storage cylinder is also equipped with a pressure relief valve, which is electrically connected to the pressure sensor on the air storage cylinder.

10. A braking device for heavy-haul trains, characterized in that, The system includes a rear-end air charging and discharging system for heavy-duty trains as described in any one of claims 1-9, and further includes a controller, a first valve, a second valve, and a brake cylinder. The first valve and the second valve are connected to the train's brake pipe. The controller is electrically connected to the first valve and the second valve. The controller can control the first valve to open after air charging to exhaust air from the train's brake pipe and charge air into the brake cylinder to trigger the train's braking state. The controller can also control the second valve to open to charge compressed air into the train's brake pipe and discharge air from the brake cylinder to release the train's braking state.

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