Exosome extraction and detection device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of exosome extraction devices, in particular to an exosome extraction detection device which comprises a centrifugal machine, a cover plate, a connecting shaft and a second extrusion wheel, a protective cover is arranged on one side of the outer wall of the upper end of the centrifugal machine, a driving shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the centrifugal machine, and the connecting shaft is arranged at the upper end of the driving shaft. A movable shaft is welded to the outer wall of the lower end of the fixed seat, a cover plate is connected to the upper end of the protective cover in a threaded mode, a supporting column is welded to the circle center of the outer wall of the upper end of the cover plate, storage grooves are formed in the two sides of the outer wall of the lower end of the supporting column, and clamping sleeves are arranged in the storage grooves; a screw hole is formed in one side of the upper end of the inner wall of the storage groove, a screw rod is in threaded connection with the interior of the screw hole, handles are installed on the two sides of the outer wall of the upper end of the cover plate, the purpose of driving the test tube to vibrate in the centrifugal separation process is achieved, and the centrifugal separation effect and efficiency of media in the test tube are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of exosome extraction devices, specifically to an exosome extraction and detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Exosomes are small membrane vesicles containing complex RNA and proteins. Various cells can secrete exosomes under both normal and pathological conditions. They mainly originate from multivesicles formed by the invagination of lysosomal microparticles within cells. After the outer membrane of the multivesicle fuses with the cell membrane, the exosomes are released into the extracellular matrix. In the detection of exosomes, the exosomes must first be extracted from the medium using an extraction device. Extraction methods include ultracentrifugation, polyethylene glycol precipitation, and ultrafiltration. Ultracentrifugation, based on the size and density of the exosomes, separates them from the cell culture medium or biological fluid using different centrifugal forces at varying speeds. First, the sample is centrifuged at low speed to remove cell debris and large impurities; then, high-speed centrifugation is performed to precipitate the exosomes; finally, the exosomes are resuspended in an appropriate amount of buffer solution.

[0003] CN222789467U discloses a stem cell exosome separation and extraction device, including a protective base and a sealing cap, a centrifugation mechanism for providing centrifugal power, and a clamping mechanism for holding test tubes. The centrifugation mechanism is installed inside the base, and an oscillation mechanism for causing the test tubes to oscillate is installed at the axial position of the centrifugation mechanism. Several sets of clamping mechanisms are arranged and evenly distributed around the circumference of the centrifugation mechanism. Through the cooperation of the oscillation mechanism, centrifugation mechanism, and clamping mechanism, the centrifugal force is used to rotate the test tubes. At the same time, the vibration provided by the oscillation mechanism to the fixing frame generates a mixture of multiple forces during centrifugation of the stem cell exosomes inside the test tubes, improving the separation of stem cell exosomes and thus enhancing the separation effect.

[0004] While the existing technology CN222789467U has many advantages in use, it still has the following problems: its oscillation-assisted function is not perfect. Since different media require different oscillation frequencies, a single oscillation frequency is not conducive to centrifugation extraction of different media, thus affecting the extraction efficiency of exosomes. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides an exosome extraction and detection device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is an exosome extraction and detection device, including a centrifuge, a cover plate, a connecting shaft, and a second extrusion wheel. A protective cover is provided on one side of the upper outer wall of the centrifuge. A drive shaft is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the centrifuge. A connecting shaft is provided on the upper end of the drive shaft. A fixed seat is screwed to the lower outer wall of the connecting shaft. A movable shaft is welded to the lower outer wall of the fixed seat. A cover plate is threaded to the upper end of the protective cover. A support column is welded to the center of the upper outer wall of the cover plate. A storage groove is opened on both sides of the lower outer wall of the support column. A retainer is provided inside the storage groove. A screw hole is opened on one side of the upper inner wall of the storage groove. A screw rod is threaded to the screw hole. Handles are installed on both sides of the upper outer wall of the cover plate.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the drive shaft is driven by the motor used inside the centrifuge to rotate in a circular motion. After the staff puts the test tube containing the sampling medium into the receiving sleeve, the drive shaft will carry the connecting shaft to rotate, thereby realizing the centrifugal separation of the medium inside the test tube and achieving the extraction of exosomes, which is convenient for subsequent detection of exosomes. The cover plate can shield and protect the inside of the protective cover, thereby protecting the centrifugal separation environment of the medium inside the test tube and ensuring the quality of the centrifugal separation of the medium.

[0008] Specifically, a control panel is provided on one side of the outer wall of the centrifuge, and a base with a rectangular array is screwed to the lower outer wall of the centrifuge.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, operators can adjust various parameters of the centrifuge according to actual needs through the control panel to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of exosome extraction, while the base supports the centrifuge to ensure that the centrifuge remains stable even when running at high speed.

[0010] Specifically, the upper outer wall of the drive shaft has a movable hole, the lower end of the inner wall of the movable hole is cylindrical, the upper end of the inner wall of the movable hole is rectangular, the fixed seat is located on the upper side of the inner wall of the movable hole, the movable shaft is located on the lower side of the inner wall of the movable hole, and spring seats are installed on the lower end of the inner wall of the movable hole and the lower outer wall of the movable shaft. A support spring is sleeved on the outside of the spring seat, and the movable shaft is elastically connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the movable hole through the support spring.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the unique design of the inner wall shape of the movable hole, namely a cylindrical shape at the lower end and a rectangular shape at the upper end, in conjunction with the fixed seat and the movable shaft, ensures that the drive shaft can effectively transmit power to the connecting shaft, while allowing the connecting shaft to move within a certain range. The support spring, through the spring seat, can ensure the stability of the usage position, and the elasticity of the support spring can support the movable shaft and the connecting shaft, ensuring the relative stability of the usage position of the connecting shaft.

[0012] Specifically, a second extrusion wheel is connected to one side of the outer wall of the upper end of the connecting shaft by a pin, and a circular array of storage sleeves is connected to the outer wall of the connecting shaft by a pin.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the second extrusion wheel can be adapted to the first extrusion wheel to drive the connecting shaft to move, ensuring that the connecting shaft is in a vertical vibration state during centrifugal separation. This can assist the centrifugal separation effect of the medium inside the test tube. The storage sleeve is used to store the test tube containing the medium, ensuring that the position of the test tube outside the connecting shaft is relatively stable. When the connecting shaft carries the test tube to rotate, the storage sleeve can rotate, thus making the test tube tilted, ensuring the centrifugal separation effect of the medium inside the test tube.

[0014] Specifically, the sleeve has a first compression wheel connected to the internal pin shaft. The first compression wheel and the second compression wheel are positioned to match each other, and the first compression wheel is in contact with the outer wall of the second compression wheel.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the connecting shaft carries the second extrusion wheel to rotate, the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel will squeeze each other, thereby causing the connecting shaft and the movable shaft to move vertically through the movable hole. During the continuous rotation of the connecting shaft, the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel will squeeze in a cycle, driving the connecting shaft to carry the test tube to move back and forth vertically, thereby achieving the purpose of driving the test tube to vibrate during the centrifugal separation process and improving the centrifugal separation effect and efficiency of the medium inside the test tube.

[0016] Specifically, a bearing housing is screwed to one side of the outer wall of the ferrule, and a ball bearing is interference-fitted inside the bearing housing. The screw passes through one end of the support column and is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the ball bearing.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the bearing housing and ball bearing can drive relative rotation between the screw and the ferrule. This allows the operator to manually adjust the height of the ferrule when rotating the screw, enabling the first extrusion wheel to be controlled to move out or be stored in the storage groove. When the first extrusion wheel moves out of the storage groove, it first contacts the upper surface of the connecting shaft. As the connecting shaft rotates, the first extrusion wheel contacts the second extrusion wheel. After the first extrusion wheel passes over the second extrusion wheel, the connecting shaft is pressed downwards. By adjusting the number of extrusions of the first extrusion wheel, the contact frequency between the first and second extrusion wheels can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the vertical vibration frequency of the connecting shaft. This ensures that the vibration frequencies of the connecting shaft and the test tube meet the requirements, improving the extraction efficiency of exosomes.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] (1) The exosome extraction and detection device of this utility model has a drive shaft that carries the connecting shaft to rotate, thereby enabling the centrifugation separation of the internal medium of the test tube, achieving the extraction of exosomes, which facilitates the subsequent detection of exosomes. The cover plate can shield and protect the inside of the protective cover, thereby protecting the centrifugation separation environment of the internal medium of the test tube and ensuring the quality of the centrifugation separation of the medium.

[0020] (2) The exosome extraction and detection device of this utility model has a connecting shaft that can carry the test tube to move back and forth vertically, thereby driving the test tube to vibrate during the centrifugation process, improving the centrifugation effect and efficiency of the medium inside the test tube. By adjusting the number of extensions of the first extrusion wheel, the contact frequency between the first extrusion wheel and the second extrusion wheel can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the vertical vibration frequency of the connecting shaft, ensuring that the vibration frequency of the connecting shaft and the test tube meets the requirements, and improving the extraction efficiency of exosomes. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the centrifuge of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the cover plate structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the connecting shaft structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the support column structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the screw structure flipping according to the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Centrifuge; 11. Protective cover; 12. Control panel; 13. Drive shaft; 14. Movable hole; 15. Support spring; 2. Cover plate; 21. Handle; 22. Support column; 23. Storage slot; 24. Screw hole; 25. Screw; 26. Sleeve; 27. First extrusion roller; 28. Bearing seat; 3. Connecting shaft; 31. Second extrusion roller; 32. Storage sleeve; 33. Fixed seat; 34. Movable shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] To save manpower and improve efficiency, as one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the exosome extraction and detection device of this utility model includes a centrifuge 1, a cover plate 2, a connecting shaft 3, and a second extrusion wheel 31. A protective cover 11 is provided on one side of the upper outer wall of the centrifuge 1. A drive shaft 13 is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the centrifuge 1. A connecting shaft 3 is provided on the upper end of the drive shaft 13. A fixed seat 33 is screwed to the lower outer wall of the connecting shaft 3. A movable shaft 34 is welded to the lower outer wall of the fixed seat 33. The cover plate 2 is threaded to the upper end of the protective cover 11. A support column 22 is welded to the center of the upper outer wall of the cover plate 2. A storage groove 23 is provided on both sides of the lower outer wall of the support column 22. A sleeve 26 is provided inside the storage groove 23. A screw hole 24 is provided on one side of the upper inner wall of the storage groove 23. A screw rod 25 is threaded inside the screw hole 24. A handle 21 is installed on both sides of the upper outer wall of the cover plate 2.

[0030] During use, the drive shaft 13 is driven by the motor inside the centrifuge 1 to rotate in a circular motion. After the staff puts the test tube containing the sampling medium into the receiving sleeve 32, the drive shaft 13 will carry the connecting shaft 3 to rotate, thereby realizing the centrifugal separation of the internal medium of the test tube and achieving the extraction of exosomes, which is convenient for subsequent detection of exosomes. The cover plate 2 can shield and protect the inside of the protective cover 11, thereby protecting the centrifugal separation environment of the medium inside the test tube and ensuring the quality of the centrifugal separation of the medium.

[0031] To regulate the use of data, for example, such as Figure 1 As shown, a control panel 12 is provided on one side of the outer wall of the centrifuge 1, and a base with a rectangular array is screwed to the lower outer wall of the centrifuge 1.

[0032] During use, the operator can adjust various parameters of the centrifuge 1 according to actual needs through the control panel 12 to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of exosome extraction, while the base supports the centrifuge 1 to ensure that the centrifuge 1 remains stable even when running at high speed.

[0033] To maintain the usage location, for example, such as Figure 3 As shown, a movable hole 14 is provided on the upper outer wall of the drive shaft 13. The lower end of the inner wall of the movable hole 14 is cylindrical, and the upper end of the inner wall of the movable hole 14 is rectangular. The fixed seat 33 is located on the upper side of the inner wall of the movable hole 14, and the movable shaft 34 is located on the lower side of the inner wall of the movable hole 14. Spring seats are installed on the lower end of the inner wall of the movable hole 14 and the lower outer wall of the movable shaft 34. A support spring 15 is sleeved on the outside of the spring seat. The movable shaft 34 is elastically connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the movable hole 14 through the support spring 15.

[0034] During use, the unique design of the inner wall shape of the movable hole 14, namely a cylindrical shape at the lower end and a rectangular shape at the upper end, cooperates with the fixed seat 33 and the movable shaft 34 to ensure that the drive shaft 13 can effectively transmit power to the connecting shaft 3, and also allows the connecting shaft 3 to move within a certain range. The support spring 15 can ensure the stability of the working position through the spring seat, and the elasticity of the support spring 15 can support the movable shaft 34 and the connecting shaft 3, ensuring that the working position of the connecting shaft 3 is relatively stable.

[0035] For example, to store test tubes, such as Figure 3 As shown, a second extrusion wheel 31 is connected to one side of the outer wall of the upper end of the connecting shaft 3 by a pin, and a circular array of storage sleeves 32 are connected to the outer wall of the connecting shaft 3 by a pin.

[0036] In use, the second extrusion wheel 31 can be adapted to the first extrusion wheel 27 to drive the connecting shaft 3 to move, ensuring that the connecting shaft 3 is in a vertical vibration state during centrifugal separation. This can assist the centrifugal separation effect of the medium inside the test tube. The storage sleeve 32 is used to store the test tube containing the medium, ensuring that the position of the test tube outside the connecting shaft 3 is relatively stable. When the connecting shaft 3 carries the test tube to rotate, the storage sleeve 32 can rotate, thus making the test tube tilted, ensuring the centrifugal separation effect of the medium inside the test tube.

[0037] To drive vibration, for example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the first extrusion wheel 27 is connected to the internal pin of the sleeve 26. The first extrusion wheel 27 and the second extrusion wheel 31 are positioned to match each other, and the first extrusion wheel 27 is in contact with the outer wall of the second extrusion wheel 31.

[0038] In use, when the connecting shaft 3 rotates carrying the second extrusion wheel 31, the first extrusion wheel 27 and the second extrusion wheel 31 will squeeze each other, thereby causing the connecting shaft 3 and the movable shaft 34 to move vertically through the movable hole 14. During the continuous rotation of the connecting shaft 3, the first extrusion wheel 27 and the second extrusion wheel 31 will squeeze in a cycle, driving the connecting shaft 3 to move the test tube back and forth vertically, thus achieving the purpose of driving the vibration of the test tube during the centrifugal separation process, and improving the centrifugal separation effect and efficiency of the medium inside the test tube.

[0039] To adjust the usage location, for example, such as Figure 5 As shown, a bearing housing 28 is screwed to one side of the outer wall of the ferrule 26. A ball bearing is interference-fitted inside the bearing housing 28. The screw 25 passes through the support column 22 and is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the ball bearing.

[0040] During use, the bearing housing 28 and the ball bearing drive the screw 25 and the ferrule 26 to rotate relative to each other. When the operator manually rotates the screw 25, the height of the ferrule 26 can be adjusted, allowing the first extrusion wheel 27 to be moved out or stored in the storage groove 23 in a controlled manner. When the first extrusion wheel 27 moves out of the storage groove 23, it first contacts the upper surface of the connecting shaft 3. As the connecting shaft 3 rotates, the first extrusion wheel 27 contacts the second extrusion wheel 31. When the first extrusion wheel 27 presses over the second extrusion wheel 31, the connecting shaft 3 is pressed down. By adjusting the extension of the first extrusion wheel 27, the contact frequency between the first extrusion wheel 27 and the second extrusion wheel 31 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the vertical vibration frequency of the connecting shaft 3. This ensures that the vibration frequency of the connecting shaft 3 and the test tube meets the requirements, improving the extraction efficiency of exosomes.

[0041] When using this utility model, the staff puts the test tube containing the sampling medium into the storage sleeve 32, manually rotates the screw 25, and uses the rotational cooperation of the bearing seat 28 and the ball bearing to adjust the working height of the sleeve 26, so that the first extrusion wheel 27 moves out of the storage groove 23 to a suitable position, and controls the number of extensions of the first extrusion wheel 27 according to the required vibration frequency.

[0042] The internal motor of centrifuge 1 drives the drive shaft 13 to start rotating in a circle. Due to the rectangular design of the inner wall of the movable hole 14 of the drive shaft 13 and the cooperation with the fixed seat 33, the drive shaft 13 drives the connecting shaft 3 to rotate synchronously. When the connecting shaft 3 rotates, the storage sleeve 32 can rotate around the pin shaft, so that the test tube naturally tilts under the action of centrifugal force, thereby realizing the centrifugal separation of the medium inside the test tube.

[0043] The connecting shaft 3 drives the second pressing wheel 31 to rotate, periodically contacting and pressing the first pressing wheel 27 fixed on the sleeve 26. During each pressing, the connecting shaft 3 and the movable shaft 34 move vertically downward along the movable hole 14, and the support spring 15 is compressed. After pressing, the spring rebounds, causing the connecting shaft 3 to return to its original position.

[0044] Through the cyclic extrusion of the first extrusion wheel 27 and the second extrusion wheel 31, the connecting shaft 3 drives the test tube to reciprocate vertically. The frequency can be controlled by adjusting the extension of the first extrusion wheel 27, which accelerates the separation of exosomes from other media.

[0045] After centrifugation, the staff opened the cover 2 and took out the test tube from the storage sleeve 32.

[0046] It should be noted that this utility model is an exosome extraction and detection device. All components in this utility model are known to those skilled in the art, and their structure and principle can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or conventional experimental methods.

[0047] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The descriptions of the above embodiments and specifications are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An exosome extraction and detection device, characterized in that, The centrifuge includes a centrifuge (1), a cover plate (2), a connecting shaft (3), and a second extrusion wheel (31). A protective cover (11) is provided on one side of the upper outer wall of the centrifuge (1). A drive shaft (13) is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the centrifuge (1). A connecting shaft (3) is provided on the upper end of the drive shaft (13). A fixed seat (33) is screwed to the lower outer wall of the connecting shaft (3). A movable shaft (34) is welded to the lower outer wall of the fixed seat (33). The protective cover (11) The upper end is threaded with a cover plate (2), and a support column (22) is welded to the center of the outer wall of the upper end of the cover plate (2). The lower end of the support column (22) has storage grooves (23) on both sides of the outer wall. The storage groove (23) is equipped with a sleeve (26). The upper end of the inner wall of the storage groove (23) is provided with a screw hole (24). The screw hole (24) is threaded with a screw rod (25). The upper end of the outer wall of the cover plate (2) is equipped with handles (21).

2. The exosome extraction and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A control panel (12) is provided on one side of the outer wall of the centrifuge (1), and a base with a rectangular array is screwed to the lower outer wall of the centrifuge (1).

3. The exosome extraction and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive shaft (13) has an active hole (14) on its upper outer wall. The lower end of the inner wall of the active hole (14) is cylindrical, and the upper end of the inner wall of the active hole (14) is rectangular. The fixed seat (33) is located on the upper side of the inner wall of the active hole (14), and the active shaft (34) is located on the lower side of the inner wall of the active hole (14). Spring seats are installed on the lower end of the inner wall of the active hole (14) and the lower end of the outer wall of the active shaft (34). A support spring (15) is sleeved on the outside of the spring seat. The active shaft (34) is elastically connected to the lower end of the inner wall of the active hole (14) through the support spring (15).

4. The exosome extraction and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper outer wall of the connecting shaft (3) is pinned to a second extrusion wheel (31), and the outer wall of the connecting shaft (3) is pinned to a circular array of storage sleeves (32).

5. The exosome extraction and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeve (26) is internally connected to a first extrusion roller (27) by a pin. The first extrusion roller (27) is adapted to the arrangement position of the second extrusion roller, and the first extrusion roller (27) is in contact with the outer wall of the second extrusion roller.

6. The exosome extraction and detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the sleeve (26) is screwed to a bearing seat (28), and a ball bearing is interference-fitted inside the bearing seat (28). The screw (25) passes through the support column (22) and is interference-fitted to the inner ring of the ball bearing.

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