Self-resetting shock insulation support adopting shape memory alloy

Abstract

The utility model discloses a self-resetting shock insulation support adopting shape memory alloy, belongs to the technical field of building shock insulation, and aims to solve the problem that the existing shock insulation support is prone to permanent damage when large deformation occurs, the self-resetting shock insulation support adopting the shape memory alloy comprises an inner core structure (22) and an outer sleeve structure (23) which are sleeved inside and outside, and the inner core structure (22) comprises a metal core column (9) and a shape memory alloy interlayer (6) which are sleeved inside and outside. The self-resetting seismic isolation support adopting the shape memory alloy comprises the shape memory alloy interlayer, the good energy consumption effect and the seismic mitigation effect can be achieved under the deformation condition, large restoring force can be generated in the shape restoring process, the seismic isolation support can be helped to effectively and rapidly restore the initial shape, and the seismic isolation effect is improved. The material is very suitable for building seismic isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building seismic isolation technology, specifically a self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy. Background Technology

[0002] Seismic isolation bearings are support components installed at the bottom of seismic isolation buildings. They separate the superstructure from the foundation and absorb and buffer seismic energy through their own deformation. They can also prolong the vibration period of the superstructure, reduce the input of seismic energy, and ensure that the superstructure is protected from seismic damage.

[0003] The purpose of seismic isolation bearings is to reduce the damage of earthquakes to building structures. However, existing seismic isolation bearings are prone to brittle and plastic failure when subjected to large deformations, losing their function and stability. They are difficult to reset after deformation and cannot effectively isolate seismic energy, thus losing protection for the superstructure. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problem that existing seismic isolation bearings are prone to permanent damage when subjected to large deformations, this invention provides a self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy contains a shape memory alloy interlayer, which can effectively dissipate energy and reduce seismic forces when deformation occurs. Furthermore, it generates a large restoring force during the shape recovery process, which can help the seismic isolation bearing effectively and quickly restore its initial shape, making it very suitable for application in building seismic isolation.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model embodiment to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy includes an inner core structure and an outer shell structure. The inner core structure is an upright column structure, and the outer shell structure is an upright cylindrical structure. The inner core structure contains an inner and outer metal core column and a shape memory alloy interlayer. The outer shell structure contains an upper connecting plate and a lower connecting plate spaced apart vertically. A rubber layer and a metal plate are stacked and connected between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate.

[0007] The upper connecting plate, lower connecting plate, rubber layer, and metal plate are all annular structures. The axes of the upper connecting plate, lower connecting plate, rubber layer, and metal plate coincide. The inner diameters of the upper connecting plate, lower connecting plate, rubber layer, and metal plate are all the same. The outer diameters of the rubber layer and metal plate are the same. The outer diameter of the rubber layer is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper connecting plate, and the outer diameter of the rubber layer is also smaller than the outer diameter of the lower connecting plate.

[0008] The outer diameter of the upper connecting plate is the same as that of the lower connecting plate, and the thickness of the upper connecting plate is the same as that of the lower connecting plate. Multiple rubber layers and multiple metal plates are provided between the upper and lower connecting plates. The thickness of the rubber layers is less than the thickness of the metal plates, and the thickness of the metal plates is less than the thickness of the upper connecting plate. The metal plates are made of steel. A protective outer cylinder is fitted over the rubber layers and metal plates. The upper end of the protective outer cylinder abuts against the upper connecting plate, and the lower end of the protective outer cylinder abuts against the lower connecting plate.

[0009] The outer diameter of the metal core is equal to the inner diameter of the shape memory alloy interlayer, the outer diameter of the shape memory alloy interlayer is equal to the inner diameter of the metal plate, the upper end of the metal core is flush with the upper end of the shape memory alloy interlayer, the lower end of the metal core is flush with the lower end of the shape memory alloy interlayer, the metal core is made of lead, and the shape memory alloy interlayer is made of copper-based shape memory alloy.

[0010] The upper part of the inner core structure is provided with a cover plate and an upper bracket. The cover plate and the upper bracket are stacked and connected. The upper end face of the cover plate is flush with the upper end face of the upper connecting plate. The cover plate and the upper connecting plate are either clearance fit or transition fit. The upper end face of the metal core column and the upper end face of the shape memory alloy interlayer are both in contact with the lower end face of the upper bracket.

[0011] The upper support consists of an upper connecting steel plate, an upper steel support, a shape memory alloy column, a lower steel support, and a lower connecting steel plate connected from top to bottom. Multiple shape memory alloy columns are arranged in regular rows and columns. The upper steel support and the shape memory alloy column correspond one-to-one, and the lower steel support and the shape memory alloy column also correspond one-to-one. The shape memory alloy column is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0012] The lower part of the inner core structure is provided with a base plate and a lower support. The base plate and the lower support are stacked and connected. The lower end face of the base plate is flush with the lower end face of the lower connecting plate. The base plate and the lower connecting plate are either clearance fit or transition fit. The lower end face of the metal core column and the lower end face of the shape memory alloy interlayer are both in contact with the upper end face of the lower support.

[0013] The lower support consists of an upper connecting steel plate, an upper steel support, a shape memory alloy column, a lower steel support, and a lower connecting steel plate connected from top to bottom. Multiple shape memory alloy columns are arranged in regular rows and columns. The upper steel support and the shape memory alloy column correspond one-to-one, and the lower steel support and the shape memory alloy column also correspond one-to-one. The shape memory alloy column is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0014] A protective outer cylinder is fitted over the rubber layer and the metal plate. The upper end of the protective outer cylinder abuts against the upper connecting plate, and the lower end of the protective outer cylinder abuts against the lower connecting plate. Multiple polyurethane elastomers are connected to the outer circumferential surface of the protective outer cylinder. The multiple polyurethane elastomers are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the protective outer cylinder. The cross-section of the multiple polyurethane elastomers is an upright arc shape. The height of the polyurethane elastomers is equal to the distance between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate. The bowstring of the arc shape faces the protective outer cylinder. A pad layer and a rubber outer wall are sequentially stacked and connected to the back of the arc shape.

[0015] Multiple upright rubber cylinders are also provided between the upper connecting plate and the lower connecting plate. The multiple rubber cylinders are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the protective outer cylinder. The rubber cylinders are located on the outside of the protective outer cylinder. Springs are installed inside the rubber cylinders. The upper end of the rubber cylinder and the upper end of the spring are connected to the upper connecting plate, and the lower end of the rubber cylinder and the lower end of the spring are connected to the lower connecting plate. The springs are subjected to tensile stress.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are:

[0017] 1. SMA material has a superelastic effect, which does not affect the deformation of the support. Due to its small deformation and large energy dissipation characteristics, it can significantly reduce the seismic effect. At the same time, it can withstand large horizontal deformation without permanent deformation. This utility model plays a significant role in the long-term stability of the seismic isolation device by using SMA material.

[0018] 2. SMA material possesses a shape memory effect, allowing it to undergo significant deformation under seismic loading. However, it can recover its initial shape when stress changes, and its strong restoring force helps the seismic isolation bearing return to its initial position, reducing residual deformation and ensuring the reusability of the seismic isolation device. This invention enhances the reusability and durability of the seismic isolation device by using SMA material.

[0019] 3. As a buffer layer, the pad layer can increase the stress area between internal structures, reduce local stress, avoid local damage to the seismic isolation bearing, and isolate different internal structures of the seismic isolation bearing, reducing friction and wear of the internal structures, thereby improving the service life of the seismic isolation bearing.

[0020] 4. As an elastic material, the spring can undergo large deformations, buffering the seismic action, absorbing seismic energy and converting it into elastic potential energy. It can also release elastic potential energy after the seismic isolation bearing deforms, helping the seismic isolation bearing to complete its reset through the rebound effect. After applying a preload to the spring, the spring's rebound effect is significantly enhanced, further improving the self-resetting function of the seismic isolation bearing. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy described in this utility model.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy described in this utility model.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the inner core structure.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the inner core structure.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a front view diagram of the upper support.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the upper support.

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the upper steel support, the shape memory alloy column, and the lower steel support.

[0029] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0030] 1. Upper connecting plate; 2. Lower connecting plate; 3. Cover plate; 4. Rubber layer; 5. Metal plate; 6. Shape memory alloy interlayer; 7. Polyurethane elastomer; 8. Pad layer; 9. Metal core column; 10. Upper connecting steel plate; 11. Lower connecting steel plate; 12. Shape memory alloy column; 13. Upper steel support; 14. Protective outer cylinder; 15. Rubber outer wall; 16. Spring; 17. Rubber cylinder; 18. Base plate; 19. Lower steel support; 20. Upper bracket; 21. Lower bracket; 22. Inner core structure; 23. Outer jacket structure. Detailed Implementation

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0032] For ease of understanding and description, the following description of this utility model uses absolute positional relationships. Unless otherwise specified, the directional word "above" indicates... Figure 1 The direction above, the directional word "down" indicates Figure 1 The lower side of the middle, "left" indicates Figure 1 The left side of the direction, the directional word "right" indicates Figure 1The right-hand direction in the middle, "front" means perpendicular to Figure 1 The direction of the paper and the direction pointing inwards; the directional word "back" indicates perpendicular to the paper. Figure 1 The orientation of the paper is pointed outwards from the viewpoint of the reader or user. This invention is described from the perspective of the reader or user, but the aforementioned directional terms should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. Regarding the dimensions and angles of the components, those skilled in the art can determine them specifically based on actual needs or a limited number of experiments.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, a self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy includes an inner core structure 22 and an outer shell structure 23. The inner core structure 22 is an upright columnar structure, and the outer shell structure 23 is an upright cylindrical structure. The inner core structure 22 contains an inner and outer metal core column 9 and a shape memory alloy interlayer 6. The shape memory alloy interlayer 6 is an upright cylindrical structure. The outer shell structure 23 contains an upper connecting plate 1 and a lower connecting plate 2 arranged at intervals. A rubber layer 4 and a metal plate 5 are arranged between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2 and are stacked and connected.

[0034] The shape memory alloy sandwich layer 6 is made of existing shape memory alloy (SMA) material. Under seismic loading, SMA material can absorb seismic energy and reduce seismic load. Due to its superelastic effect, it can effectively resist large deformations of the seismic isolation bearing. When the seismic isolation bearing undergoes large deformation, SMA material can ensure that it does not suffer permanent damage. When stress changes, due to the shape memory effect and the strong restoring force generated, the seismic isolation device can quickly return to its original shape, improving the reusability of the seismic isolation device. At the same time, because SMA material has good durability and reliability, it can effectively resist low temperature and corrosion, improve the stability of the internal structure, reduce the number of maintenance and replacements, and ensure the normal operation of the seismic isolation system.

[0035] The upper connecting plate 1, the lower connecting plate 2, the rubber layer 4, and the metal plate 5 are all circular ring structures. The axes of the upper connecting plate 1, the lower connecting plate 2, the rubber layer 4, and the metal plate 5 coincide. The inner diameters of the upper connecting plate 1, the lower connecting plate 2, the rubber layer 4, and the metal plate 5 are all the same. The outer diameters of the rubber layer 4 and the metal plate 5 are the same. The outer diameter of the rubber layer 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper connecting plate 1 and the outer diameter of the lower connecting plate 2. The rubber layer 4 and the metal plate 5 are alternately stacked and connected. The upper connecting plate 1 is stacked and connected with either the rubber layer 4 or the metal plate 5, and the lower connecting plate 2 is stacked and connected with either the rubber layer 4 or the metal plate 5.

[0036] The outer diameter of the upper connecting plate 1 is the same as that of the lower connecting plate 2, and the thickness of the upper connecting plate 1 is the same as that of the lower connecting plate 2. Multiple rubber layers 4 and multiple metal plates 5 are provided between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2. The thickness of the rubber layer 4 is less than the thickness of the metal plate 5, and the thickness of the metal plate 5 is less than the thickness of the upper connecting plate 1. The metal plate 5 is made of steel. A protective outer cylinder 14 of rubber material is fitted over the rubber layer 4 and the metal plate 5.

[0037] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the inner diameter of the protective outer cylinder 14 is equal to the outer diameter of the metal plate 5. The upper end of the protective outer cylinder 14 abuts against the upper connecting plate 1, and the lower end of the protective outer cylinder 14 abuts against the lower connecting plate 2. Since the seismic isolation bearing is buried deep underground, the protective outer cylinder 14 is designed to have fireproof, waterproof, and corrosion-resistant properties, which can significantly improve the durability of the seismic isolation bearing and protect the stability of the internal structure.

[0038] The outer diameter of the metal core 9 is equal to the inner diameter of the shape memory alloy interlayer 6, the outer diameter of the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 is equal to the inner diameter of the metal plate 5, the upper end of the metal core 9 is flush with the upper end of the shape memory alloy interlayer 6, the lower end of the metal core 9 is flush with the lower end of the shape memory alloy interlayer 6, the metal core 9 is made of lead, and the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 is made of existing copper-based shape memory alloy.

[0039] like Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the upper part of the inner core structure 22 is provided with a cover plate 3 and an upper bracket 20. The cover plate 3 and the upper bracket 20 are stacked and connected. The upper end face of the cover plate 3 is flush with the upper end face of the upper connecting plate 1. The cover plate 3 and the upper connecting plate 1 are clearance fit or transition fit. The outer diameter of the cover plate 3 is the same as the outer diameter of the upper bracket 20. The upper end face of the metal core column 9 and the upper end face of the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 are both in contact with the lower end face of the upper bracket 20.

[0040] like Figures 5 to 7 As shown, the upper support 20 includes an upper connecting steel plate 10, an upper steel support 13, a shape memory alloy column 12, a lower steel support 19, and a lower connecting steel plate 11 connected from top to bottom. Multiple shape memory alloy columns 12 are arranged in regular rows and columns in the horizontal direction. The upper ends of the shape memory alloy columns 12 are connected to the upper steel support 13 in a one-to-one correspondence (e.g., by welding), and the lower ends of the shape memory alloy columns 12 are connected to the lower steel support 19 in a one-to-one correspondence (e.g., by welding). The shape memory alloy columns 12 are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0041] The shape memory alloy column 12 is made of existing nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. When the seismic isolation bearing undergoes large deformation, the SMA material can ensure that it does not suffer permanent damage. When stress changes, due to the shape memory effect and the strong restoring force generated, it can drive the seismic isolation device to quickly return to its original shape, thereby improving the reusability of the seismic isolation device.

[0042] like Figures 3 to 4 As shown, both the upper connecting steel plate 10 and the lower connecting steel plate 11 are circular flat plate structures. The upper steel support 13 has a cross-shaped structure. The projection of the upper steel support 13 on the horizontal plane is a cross shape. The center of the upper steel support 13 protrudes downward. The upper steel support 13 and the lower steel support 19 are symmetrical and mirror images of each other. The upper end of the shape memory alloy column 12 is connected and fixed to the center of the upper steel support 13, and the lower end of the shape memory alloy column 12 is connected and fixed to the center of the lower steel support 19.

[0043] The lower part of the inner core structure 22 is provided with a base plate 18 and a lower support 21. The base plate 18 and the lower support 21 are stacked and connected. The lower end face of the base plate 18 is flush with the lower end face of the lower connecting plate 2. The base plate 18 and the lower connecting plate 2 are clearance fit or transition fit. The outer diameter of the base plate 18 is the same as the outer diameter of the lower support 21. The lower end face of the metal core column 9 and the lower end face of the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 are both in contact with the upper end face of the lower support 21.

[0044] like Figures 3 to 4 As shown, the lower support 21 comprises, from top to bottom, an upper connecting steel plate 10, an upper steel support 13, shape memory alloy columns 12, a lower steel support 19, and a lower connecting steel plate 11. Multiple shape memory alloy columns 12 are arranged in regular rows and columns in the horizontal direction. The upper ends of the shape memory alloy columns 12 are connected to the upper steel supports 13 in a one-to-one correspondence (e.g., by welding), and the lower ends of the shape memory alloy columns 12 are connected to the lower steel supports 19 in a one-to-one correspondence (e.g., by welding). The shape memory alloy columns 12 are made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy. The structure of the lower support 21 is the same as that of the upper support 20.

[0045] The upper connecting plate 1 is connected to the column base or wall base of the superstructure through pre-drilled holes, and the lower connecting plate 2 is connected to the building foundation. When an earthquake occurs, the seismic isolation bearing undergoes flexible deformation in the horizontal direction. The rubber layer 4 and the metal plate 5 move horizontally and friction reduces the seismic force. The metal core column 9 and the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 (also known as the shape memory alloy clamp) follow suit and undergo horizontal deformation to consume and store seismic energy. The shape memory alloy column 12 is stretched to generate axial deformation, providing axial stress to reduce the seismic force. The upper building moves horizontally with the seismic isolation bearing instead of swaying, thereby reducing the seismic response of the superstructure and protecting the building's safety. After the earthquake ends, the energy stored in the metal core column 9 is released, pushing the seismic isolation bearing to move towards its initial position. Due to its shape memory effect, the shape memory alloy column 12 and the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 will return to their initial shape and generate contraction force, causing the connected components to move towards their initial position. The upper and lower parts of the seismic isolation bearing, as well as the connection points between the superstructure and the foundation, are driven to reset together.

[0046] like Figures 1 to 2As shown, multiple polyurethane elastomers 7 are connected to the outer circumferential surface of the protective outer cylinder 14. The polyurethane elastomers 7 have a block structure and are evenly spaced along the circumference of the protective outer cylinder 14. The cross-section of the multiple polyurethane elastomers 7 is an upright bow shape. The height of the polyurethane elastomers 7 is equal to the distance between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2. The bowstring of the bow shape faces the protective outer cylinder 14. A pad layer 8 and a rubber outer wall 15 are sequentially stacked and connected to the back of the bow shape. The pad layer 8 contains multiple pads of rubber material.

[0047] The polyurethane elastomer 7 has good wear resistance and high elasticity, can generate large deformation and store energy, can drive the seismic isolation bearing and the superstructure to return to their original shape, reduce residual deformation, and can extend the bearing life. The pad layer 8 set on the outer wall of the polyurethane elastomer 7 plays a buffering role in the deformation of the bearing.

[0048] Multiple upright rubber cylinders 17 are provided between the upper connecting plate 1 and the lower connecting plate 2. The multiple rubber cylinders 17 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the protective outer cylinder 14. The rubber cylinders 17 are located on the outside of the protective outer cylinder 14. The polyurethane elastomer 7 and the rubber cylinders 17 can correspond one-to-one along the radial direction of the protective outer cylinder 14.

[0049] A spring 16 is fitted inside the rubber cylinder 17. The upper ends of the rubber cylinder 17 and the spring 16 are both connected and fixed to the upper connecting plate 1, and the lower ends of the rubber cylinder 17 and the spring 16 are both connected and fixed to the lower connecting plate 2. The spring 16 is subjected to tensile stress. When the support deforms, the spring 16 stretches and stores energy. After the earthquake, the stored elastic potential energy is used to pull the support back. The spring 16 needs to be pre-stressed to improve the rebound strength effect.

[0050] The working principle of the self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy is described below:

[0051] During an earthquake, the seismic isolation bearing undergoes significant horizontal elastic deformation. The base column below the bearing and the support column above it experience vibrational displacement, causing the upper connecting plate 1 and lower connecting plate 2 to tilt. Simultaneously, the lead core undergoes plastic deformation during shear deformation, absorbing seismic energy through its own energy-dissipating properties. The shape memory alloy column 12 undergoes tensile deformation, the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 shifts, and the shape memory alloy material (SMA) absorbs and dissipates seismic energy through its hysteresis properties. The polyurethane elastomer 7 shifts, the spring 16 stretches, and the friction generated by the shifting rubber layer 4 and metal plate 5 absorbs seismic energy. This reduces the energy transmitted to the building above, resulting in horizontal displacement rather than swaying. Furthermore, the high strength and elasticity of the polyurethane elastomer 7 enable large deformation of the seismic isolation bearing, improving the overall integrity of the building and protecting its safety. After the earthquake, the shape memory effect and superelastic effect of the shape memory alloy interlayer 6 and the shape memory alloy column 12 enhance the recovery effect of the metal core column 9. The resilience of the spring 16, the pad layer 8, and the polyurethane elastomer 7 ensures the overall structure's rebound and recovery.

[0052] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of its implementation. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of this utility model should still fall within its coverage. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and embodiments of this utility model can be freely combined and used.

Claims

1. A self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy, characterized in that, The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy includes an inner core structure (22) and an outer shell structure (23) with inner and outer shells. The inner core structure (22) is an upright column structure, and the outer shell structure (23) is an upright cylindrical structure. The inner core structure (22) contains an inner and outer metal core column (9) and a shape memory alloy interlayer (6). The outer shell structure (23) contains an upper connecting plate (1) and a lower connecting plate (2) arranged at intervals. A rubber layer (4) and a metal plate (5) are arranged between the upper connecting plate (1) and the lower connecting plate (2).

2. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper connecting plate (1), the lower connecting plate (2), the rubber layer (4) and the metal plate (5) are all ring structures. The axis of the upper connecting plate (1), the axis of the lower connecting plate (2), the axis of the rubber layer (4) and the axis of the metal plate (5) coincide. The inner diameter of the upper connecting plate (1), the inner diameter of the lower connecting plate (2), the inner diameter of the rubber layer (4) and the inner diameter of the metal plate (5) are all the same. The outer diameter of the rubber layer (4) and the outer diameter of the metal plate (5) are the same. The outer diameter of the rubber layer (4) is smaller than the outer diameter of the upper connecting plate (1) and the outer diameter of the rubber layer (4) is also smaller than the outer diameter of the lower connecting plate (2).

3. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the upper connecting plate (1) is the same as that of the lower connecting plate (2), and the thickness of the upper connecting plate (1) is the same as that of the lower connecting plate (2). Multiple rubber layers (4) and multiple metal plates (5) are provided between the upper connecting plate (1) and the lower connecting plate (2). The thickness of the rubber layer (4) is less than that of the metal plate (5), and the thickness of the metal plate (5) is less than that of the upper connecting plate (1). The metal plate (5) is made of steel. A protective outer cylinder (14) is fitted around the rubber layer (4) and the metal plate (5). The upper end of the protective outer cylinder (14) abuts against the upper connecting plate (1), and the lower end of the protective outer cylinder (14) abuts against the lower connecting plate (2).

4. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the metal core (9) is equal to the inner diameter of the shape memory alloy interlayer (6), the outer diameter of the shape memory alloy interlayer (6) is equal to the inner diameter of the metal plate (5), the upper end of the metal core (9) is flush with the upper end of the shape memory alloy interlayer (6), the lower end of the metal core (9) is flush with the lower end of the shape memory alloy interlayer (6), the metal core (9) is made of lead, and the shape memory alloy interlayer (6) is made of copper-based shape memory alloy.

5. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner core structure (22) is provided with a cover plate (3) and an upper bracket (20) on the upper part. The cover plate (3) and the upper bracket (20) are stacked and connected. The upper end face of the cover plate (3) is flush with the upper end face of the upper connecting plate (1). The cover plate (3) and the upper connecting plate (1) are in clearance fit or transition fit. The upper end face of the metal core column (9) and the upper end face of the shape memory alloy interlayer (6) are both in contact with the lower end face of the upper bracket (20).

6. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper support (20) contains an upper connecting steel plate (10), an upper steel support (13), a shape memory alloy column (12), a lower steel support (19), and a lower connecting steel plate (11) connected from top to bottom. Multiple shape memory alloy columns (12) are arranged in regular rows and columns. The upper steel support (13) and the shape memory alloy column (12) correspond one-to-one, and the lower steel support (19) and the shape memory alloy column (12) also correspond one-to-one. The shape memory alloy column (12) is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

7. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the inner core structure (22) is provided with a base plate (18) and a lower bracket (21). The base plate (18) and the lower bracket (21) are stacked and connected. The lower end face of the base plate (18) is flush with the lower end face of the lower connecting plate (2). The base plate (18) and the lower connecting plate (2) are in clearance fit or transition fit. The lower end face of the metal core column (9) and the lower end face of the shape memory alloy interlayer (6) are both in contact with the upper end face of the lower bracket (21).

8. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 7, characterized in that, The lower support (21) contains an upper connecting steel plate (10), an upper steel support (13), a shape memory alloy column (12), a lower steel support (19), and a lower connecting steel plate (11) connected from top to bottom. Multiple shape memory alloy columns (12) are arranged in regular rows and columns. The upper steel support (13) and the shape memory alloy column (12) correspond one-to-one, and the lower steel support (19) and the shape memory alloy column (12) also correspond one-to-one. The shape memory alloy column (12) is made of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

9. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective outer cylinder (14) is fitted over the rubber layer (4) and the metal plate (5). The upper end of the protective outer cylinder (14) abuts against the upper connecting plate (1), and the lower end of the protective outer cylinder (14) abuts against the lower connecting plate (2). Multiple polyurethane elastomers (7) are connected to the outer circumferential surface of the protective outer cylinder (14). The multiple polyurethane elastomers (7) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the protective outer cylinder (14). The cross-section of the multiple polyurethane elastomers (7) is an upright bow shape. The height of the polyurethane elastomers (7) is equal to the distance between the upper connecting plate (1) and the lower connecting plate (2). The bowstring of the bow shape faces the protective outer cylinder (14). A pad layer (8) and a rubber outer wall (15) are sequentially stacked on the back of the bow shape.

10. The self-resetting seismic isolation bearing using shape memory alloy according to claim 9, characterized in that, Multiple upright rubber cylinders (17) are also provided between the upper connecting plate (1) and the lower connecting plate (2). The multiple rubber cylinders (17) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the protective outer cylinder (14). The rubber cylinders (17) are located on the outside of the protective outer cylinder (14). A spring (16) is sleeved inside the rubber cylinder (17). The upper end of the rubber cylinder (17) and the upper end of the spring (16) are both connected to the upper connecting plate (1). The lower end of the rubber cylinder (17) and the lower end of the spring (16) are both connected to the lower connecting plate (2). The spring (16) is subjected to tensile stress.

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