Novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting specification stones

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting specification stones, which comprises a radial shaped charge connector and an axial shaped charge device, and the vertical section of the radial shaped charge connector is gt; an annular structure; the axial energy gathering devices are connected to the two ends of the radial energy gathering connector, a plurality of V-shaped energy gathering grooves are formed in the inner walls of the axial energy gathering devices, and openings of the V-shaped energy gathering grooves face the axes of the axial energy gathering devices. The radial energy-gathering connector not only connects the plurality of axial energy-gathering devices together, but also is an energy-gathering groove for gathering the axial blasting energy; the axial energy gathering device is provided with a certain number of V-shaped energy gathering grooves, energy originally diffused all around is gathered in the axis direction of the V-shaped energy gathering grooves during blasting, and high-pressure, high-speed and high-density gas jet flow is formed. By means of the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting the specification stone, the problems that after mixed emulsion explosives are used for blasting during cutting of the specification stone, the crushing circle is too large, the fine ore rate is too high, and the blasting lumpiness is difficult to control are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of blasting engineering technology, specifically relating to a shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones in mine blasting. This device, through an innovative circumferential shaped charge structure design and continuous charging method, achieves multi-directional directional transmission of explosive energy, thereby solving technical problems in mine production such as excessively large pulverization rings, high powder content, and uncontrolled particle size associated with mixed emulsion explosives. Background Technology

[0002] In mining operations, mixed emulsion explosives are cheaper than finished emulsion explosives and are mechanically charged, resulting in savings in both blasting equipment and labor, bringing significant economic benefits to enterprises. However, because mixed emulsion explosives are coupled charges, the pulverized zone after blasting is too large, leading to a high powder content and difficulty in controlling the size of the blasted fragments. Therefore, some have used PVC pipes of different diameters to change the charge diameter, but this method only reduces the amount of explosive charge per hole and the direct impact of blasting energy on the hole wall, having little effect on achieving the desired fragment size. Therefore, there is a need to find a blasting auxiliary device and method that can both reduce the direct impact of blasting energy on the hole wall and guide the blasting energy from a predetermined direction. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem this application aims to solve is that after using mixed emulsion explosives to blast stones of specific dimensions, the crushing circle is too large, resulting in a high powder ore ratio and difficulty in controlling the size of the blasted blocks.

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides a novel focused blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones. This novel focused blasting device includes: a radial focused connector and an axial focused device. The radial focused connector is a ring structure with a vertical cross-section in the shape of ">". The axial focused device is connected to both ends of the radial focused connector. The inner wall of the axial focused device is provided with a plurality of "V"-shaped focused grooves, and the openings of the "V"-shaped focused grooves face the axis of the axial focused device.

[0005] To meet the requirements of different cutting scenarios, as an option of the novel shaped charge blasting device described in this application, a plurality of radial shaped charge connectors and a plurality of axial shaped charge generators are arranged alternately.

[0006] In order to maximize the axial energy focusing effect of the axial energy focusing device, as an option of the novel energy focusing blasting device described in this application, the two ends of the novel energy focusing blasting device for cutting standard stones are set as the axial energy focusing device.

[0007] In order to seal the aforementioned novel shaped charge blasting device during blasting operations, as an option of the novel shaped charge blasting device described in this application, a blockage receiving cavity is provided at the upper part of the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting sized stones.

[0008] To enhance the plugging effect of the blast hole, as an option of the novel shaped charge blasting device described in this application, an expansion agent receiving cavity is also provided between the upper end of the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard stones and the plugging material receiving cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, in order to fully utilize the blasting effect of the novel shaped charge blasting device, as an option of the novel shaped charge blasting device described in this application, a detonating charge is provided at the lower end of the axial shaped charge located at the lowest part. The detonating charge is connected to a detonator lead wire, which passes through the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting the shaped stone and is led out to the outside of the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting the shaped stone.

[0010] In order to achieve a reliable connection between the radial focusing connector and the axial focusing device, as an option of the novel focusing blasting device described in this application, a connection structure is provided at the connection between the radial focusing connector and the axial focusing device.

[0011] Optionally, the connection structure includes: a connecting sleeve disposed at the end of the radial energy-concentrating connector, wherein the inner wall of the connecting sleeve is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the axial energy-concentrating device.

[0012] To ensure that the position and orientation of multiple axial energy concentrators do not change after they are connected by a radial energy concentrator, as an option of the novel energy-concentrating blasting device described in this application, a guide structure is provided at the connection between the radial energy concentrator and the axial energy concentrator.

[0013] Optionally, the guide structure includes: a guide post disposed in the vertical direction of the radial energy focusing connector, and a guide groove disposed in the vertical direction of the axial energy focusing device that cooperates with the guide post; or, the guide structure includes: a guide groove disposed in the vertical direction of the radial energy focusing connector, and a guide post disposed in the vertical direction of the axial energy focusing device that cooperates with the guide groove.

[0014] The technical advantages of this application are as follows:

[0015] The radial focusing connector in the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard-sized rocks provided in this application serves both as a joint connecting multiple axial focusing devices to meet the charge length requirement and as a focusing groove that concentrates axial blasting energy. The axial focusing devices have a certain number of V-shaped focusing grooves, which, during blasting, concentrate the energy that would otherwise diffuse in all directions along the axis of the V-shaped focusing groove, forming a high-pressure, high-speed, and high-density gas jet. This causes initial cracks to form in the rock mass, weakening the rock's structural integrity. Then, the quasi-static gas expands, generating static pressure and creating a "gas blade effect" along the cracks, further widening them and thus cutting the rock mass. This novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard-sized rocks effectively solves the problem of excessively large pulverization rings, resulting in high ore powder ratios and difficulty in controlling the size of blasted fragments after using mixed emulsion explosives for cutting standard-sized rocks. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting stones of a specified size, as described in this application.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting stones of the specified dimensions, as described in this application.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view of the axial focusing device;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application scenario of a new type of energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a novel localized blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0022] 1. Radial shaped charge connector; 2. Axial shaped charge unit; 21. "V" shaped charge groove; 3. Expanding agent containment cavity; 4. Blocking material containment cavity; 5. Detonating charge; 6. Detonator lead wire; 7. Connection structure; 71. Connection sleeve; 8. Guide structure; 81. Guide post; 82. Guide groove; 100. Stone material; 101. Blasting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-5The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail to fully demonstrate how the present invention effectively solves the problem of excessively large crushing ring after blasting with mixed emulsion explosives on cut stones, resulting in high ore powder ratio and difficulty in controlling the size of blasted pieces.

[0025] Reference Figures 1-3 This diagram illustrates a novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones. The device includes a radial shaped charge connector 1 and an axial charge blaster 2. The radial shaped charge connector 1 is a ring structure with a vertical cross-section in the shape of ">". The axial charge blaster 2 is connected to both ends of the radial shaped charge connector 1. The inner wall of the axial charge blaster 2 is provided with several "V"-shaped charge grooves 21, and the openings of the "V"-shaped charge grooves 21 face the axial direction of the axial charge blaster 2.

[0026] The radial energy-concentrating connector 1 in this novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard-sized rocks serves as both a joint that connects multiple axial energy-concentrators 2 together to meet the charge length requirement and an energy-concentrating groove that focuses axial blasting energy. The axial energy-concentrators 2 have a certain number of V-shaped energy-concentrating grooves 21, which concentrate the energy that originally diffused in all directions into the axial direction of the V-shaped energy-concentrating grooves 21 during blasting, forming a high-pressure, high-speed, and high-density gas jet. This causes the rock mass to first form an initial crack of 1-2 cm, weakening the integrity of the rock structure. Then, the quasi-static gas expands to generate static pressure, producing a "gas blade effect" along the crack, further expanding the crack, thereby achieving the effect of cutting the rock mass.

[0027] The novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones effectively solves the problem of excessively large crushing rings after using mixed emulsion explosives for blasting standard-sized stones, resulting in a high powder content and difficulty in controlling the size of the blasted pieces.

[0028] Continue to refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, a plurality of radial focusing connectors 1 and a plurality of axial focusing devices 2 are arranged alternately. The two ends of the novel focusing blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones are configured as the axial focusing devices 2. The number of radial focusing connectors 1 and axial focusing devices 2 is determined according to the actual blasting requirements and the size of the standard-sized stones. Generally, the number of radial focusing connectors 1 is one less than the number of axial focusing devices 2. For example, if three energy focusing zones are required, two radial focusing connectors 1 and three axial focusing devices 2 can be arranged alternately. During assembly, one axial focusing device 2 is first placed in a suitable position as the starting end, and then the radial focusing connectors 1 and axial focusing devices 2 are connected alternately in sequence. The connection method can be threaded connection, sleeve connection, bonding, or welding to ensure a firm connection.

[0029] Reference Figure 4A plugging material receiving cavity 4 is installed at the top of the new type of shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones. The shape of the plugging material receiving cavity 4 can be designed according to the overall structure of the device and actual usage requirements. For example, it can be cylindrical, with a diameter larger than that of the main body of the device, to ensure that after the explosive is filled, the plugging material can be filled, and that the plugging material can effectively play its role during blasting. Typically, the bottom of the plugging material receiving cavity 4 is closely connected to the top of the explosive filling area inside the device, forming a continuous space. During the blasting process, the energy generated by the explosive explosion will propagate outward in the form of shock waves and gas expansion. The plugging material (such as sand, clay, etc.) filled in the plugging material receiving cavity 4 can buffer and reflect the explosive energy to a certain extent. When the shock wave reaches the plugging material, some of the energy will be absorbed by the plugging material, and the other part of the energy will be reflected back to the explosive filling area, allowing the explosive to burn and explode more completely, thereby improving the energy utilization rate. At the same time, the plugging material can also prevent the explosive gas from escaping prematurely, prolonging the gas's contact time with the standard-sized stones and enhancing the blasting effect. By properly setting the plugging cavity 4 and selecting appropriate plugging materials, the propagation direction and intensity of explosion energy can be effectively controlled, reducing the disordered diffusion of energy in the radial direction, thereby reducing the size of the pulverization ring.

[0030] Continue to refer to Figure 4 An expanding agent receiving chamber 3 is also provided between the upper end of the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting sized stones and the blockage receiving chamber 4. The expanding agent receiving chamber 3 is used to fill bagged expanding agent. The expanding agent receiving chamber 3 is typically designed in a cylindrical shape to match the overall structure of the novel shaped charge blasting device and the blockage receiving chamber 4. Its diameter is larger than that of the main body of the device, and its height is determined according to the amount of bagged expanding agent used and the required blasting effect. The bagged expanding agent mainly acts on the top of the novel shaped charge blasting device, sealing this area to a certain height before backfilling. This expanding agent has good sealing properties and can effectively prolong the action time of the explosive gas.

[0031] The aforementioned new type of shaped charge blasting device only requires a certain number of radial and axial shaped charge generators according to the required hole depth, connected together using radial shaped charge connectors. After being placed in the blast hole, a small amount of rock debris is backfilled at the bottom (to prevent bottom explosive overflow), and then the device is directly filled with mixed explosives through the mixing vehicle's delivery pipe. Because the device is hollow inside, continuous loading through a single hole is possible. The bagged expanding agent enhances the sealing effect of the blast hole and effectively prolongs the duration of the blasting gas's action.

[0032] Continue to refer to Figure 4The lower end of the axial shaped charge 2, located at the bottom, is specifically equipped with a detonating charge 5. The detonating charge 5 is connected to a detonator lead wire 6, which passes through the entire new type of shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard stones and is eventually led out of the device. The detonating charge 5 is the initiation source of the entire blasting device. When external energy (such as an electrical pulse transmitted through the detonator lead wire 6) acts on the detonating charge 5, the internal detonating agent rapidly undergoes a chemical reaction, generating high temperature, high pressure, and a large amount of gas, forming a shock wave and a detonation wave. The detonation wave rapidly propagates to the surrounding main explosive, triggering the explosion of the main explosive, thus realizing the initiation process of the blasting device. The detonator lead wire 6 mainly serves to transmit current, transmitting external initiation signals (such as electrical pulses emitted by an electric detonator) to the detonating charge 5, enabling the detonating charge 5 to receive the initiation energy in a timely manner.

[0033] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 A connecting structure 7 is provided at the connection between the radial energy focusing connector 1 and the axial energy focusing device 2. The function of the connecting structure 7 is to enhance the connection strength and stability between the radial energy focusing connector 1 and the axial energy focusing device 2. The connecting structure 7 can be selected as a threaded connection structure, a snap-fit ​​connection structure, a welded connection structure, an adhesive connection structure, etc. In order to prevent gas leakage generated during the explosion and ensure that the explosion energy can be concentrated and transmitted inside the device, preferably, a sealing measure is provided at the connecting structure 7.

[0034] Continue to refer to Figure 1 , Figure 5 The diagram illustrates a connection structure 7 including a connecting sleeve 71 disposed at the end of the radial energy-concentrating connector 1. The inner wall of the cylindrical connecting sleeve 71 and the outer wall of the axial energy-concentrating device 2 are both cylindrical surfaces, ensuring a tight fit between the inner wall of the connecting sleeve 71 and the outer wall of the axial energy-concentrating device 2. During the connection process, an interference fit can be used to force the connecting sleeve 71 onto the axial energy-concentrating device 2, generating significant radial pressure between the two, thereby achieving a tight connection.

[0035] To ensure that the position and orientation of multiple axial energy concentrators 2 do not change after they are connected via radial energy concentrator connector 1, refer to... Figure 5 A guide structure 8 is provided at the connection between the radial energy focusing connector 1 and the axial energy focusing device 2. Exemplarily, the guide structure 8 includes: a guide post 81 disposed in the vertical direction at the end of the radial energy focusing connector 1, and a guide groove 82 disposed in the vertical direction at the end of the axial energy focusing device 2 that cooperates with the guide post 81; or, the guide structure 8 includes: a guide groove 82 disposed in the vertical direction at the end of the radial energy focusing connector 1, and a guide post 81 disposed in the vertical direction at the end of the axial energy focusing device 2 that cooperates with the guide groove 82.

[0036] Reference Figure 4The working process of one of the preferred embodiments described above is as follows:

[0037] Prepare all relevant components of several radial energy-concentrating connectors 1 and several axial energy-concentrating units 2, and check the appearance of each component for defects. At the same time, use measuring tools to check whether the dimensions of the components meet the design requirements to ensure that the components are of qualified quality.

[0038] According to the blasting requirements, multiple radial energy-concentrating connectors 1 and axial energy-concentrating devices 2 are connected in sequence, and the two ends of the new energy-concentrating blasting device are axial energy-concentrating devices 2, thus forming a complete new energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones.

[0039] According to the specifications of the stone and the blasting requirements, drilling equipment is used to drill blasting holes 101 on the stone 100 to be blasted.

[0040] Place the assembled new shaped charge blasting device into the blast hole 101, ensuring that the new shaped charge blasting device fits into the blast hole 101 to prevent the device from moving or shaking during the blasting process. Filling materials (such as sand, gravel, etc.) can be used to fill the gap between the device and the blast hole wall.

[0041] A detonating charge 5 is installed at the bottom of the new shaped charge blasting device, and a detonator lead wire 6 is connected to the detonating charge 5, extending the detonator lead wire 6 outside the new shaped charge blasting device. Then, a mixed emulsion explosive is filled into the new shaped charge blasting device. After the mixed emulsion explosive is filled, bagged expanding agent is filled into the expanding agent receiving cavity 3. After the expanding agent is filled, sealing material is filled into the sealing material receiving cavity 4.

[0042] After the above installation process is completed and confirmed to be correct in all the blast holes 101 of the stone 100 to be blasted, a professional blasting commander issues a detonation signal. Upon receiving the detonation signal, the detonation operator operates according to the predetermined detonation procedure, thereby triggering the device to explode.

[0043] After the device is detonated, the axial focusing device 2 explodes first. The axial focusing device 2 contains a mixture of emulsion explosives. During the explosion, due to the V-shaped focusing groove 21 within the axial focusing device, the explosive energy is concentrated in the axial direction, forming a high-pressure, high-speed, high-density gas jet. Simultaneously, the radial focusing connector 1 also explodes. The radial focusing connector 1, through its structure, also concentrates the explosive energy in the radial direction, forming a radial focusing jet. The radial and axial focusing jets work together to act on the stone from different directions. This causes an initial crack of 1-2 cm to form in this part of the rock mass, weakening the rock's structural integrity. Then, the quasi-static gas expands, generating static pressure that creates a "gas blade effect" along the crack, further widening the crack and thus cutting the rock mass.

[0044] Through the above complete working process, the novel shaped charge blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones of this application can give full play to its advantages of shaped charge blasting, and effectively solve the problem that the crushing circle is too large after blasting with mixed emulsion explosives, resulting in a high powder ratio and difficulty in controlling the size of the blasted pieces.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones, characterized in that, include: Radial energy-concentrating connector (1), wherein the radial energy-concentrating connector (1) is a ring structure with a vertical cross-section in the shape of ">". An axial energy concentrator (2) is connected to both ends of the radial energy concentrator (1). The inner wall of the axial energy concentrator (2) is provided with a plurality of "V" shaped energy concentrator grooves (21). The openings of the "V" shaped energy concentrator grooves (21) face the axis of the axial energy concentrator (2).

2. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of radial energy-concentrating connectors (1) and a plurality of axial energy-concentrating devices (2) are arranged alternately.

3. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting sized stones according to claim 2, characterized in that, The two ends of the novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard stones are configured as the axial energy-concentrating device (2).

4. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting sized stones according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The upper part of the novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard stones is provided with a blockage-containing cavity (4).

5. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting sized stones according to claim 4, characterized in that, An expansion agent containment chamber (3) is also provided between the upper end of the novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard stones and the blockage containment chamber (4).

6. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting sized stones according to claim 4, characterized in that, The lower end of the axial shaped charge (2) located at the bottom is provided with an initiating charge (5), the initiating charge (5) is connected with a detonator lead wire (6), the detonator lead wire (6) passes through the new type of shaped charge blasting device for cutting the standard stone and is led out to the outside of the new type of shaped charge blasting device for cutting the standard stone.

7. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting standard-sized stones according to claim 1, characterized in that, A connection structure (7) is provided at the connection between the radial energy-concentrating connector (1) and the axial energy-concentrating device (2).

8. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting sized stones according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connection structure (7) includes: a connecting sleeve (71) disposed at the end of the radial energy-concentrating connector (1), the inner wall of the connecting sleeve (71) being tightly fitted with the outer wall of the axial energy-concentrating device (2).

9. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting sized stones according to claim 1, characterized in that, The radial energy-concentrating connector (1) is provided with a guide structure (8) at the connection between it and the axial energy-concentrating device (2).

10. The novel energy-concentrating blasting device for cutting sized stones according to claim 9, characterized in that, The guide structure (8) includes: a guide post (81) disposed in the vertical direction of the radial energy focusing connector (1), and a guide groove (82) disposed in the vertical direction of the axial energy focusing device (2) and cooperating with the guide post (81); or, the guide structure (8) includes: a guide groove (82) disposed in the vertical direction of the radial energy focusing connector (1), and a guide post (81) disposed in the vertical direction of the axial energy focusing device (2) and cooperating with the guide groove (82).

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