Atmospheric total tritium sampler
By designing an atmospheric tritium sampler and employing electromagnetic valve control and component combination, diverse sampling of atmospheric tritium was achieved, improving sampling speed and accuracy, reducing maintenance costs, and enabling continuous sampling.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- WEIFANG EME AUTOMATION TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
Existing tritium sampling equipment can only perform single-mode sampling, which cannot meet diverse sampling needs. Furthermore, it is costly, difficult to maintain, and cannot achieve continuous sampling.
An atmospheric tritium sampler was designed, comprising a sampling head assembly, a catalytic assembly, a tritium condensation assembly, a collection assembly, and a refrigerant assembly. The gas flow direction is controlled by a solenoid valve to achieve direct sampling and catalytic sampling. Combining condensation and catalytic conversion, the refrigerant assembly is used to maintain the normal operation of the condensation assembly.
It enables diverse sampling of atmospheric tritium, improves sampling speed and accuracy, has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, has low cost, and can perform continuous sampling.
Smart Images
Figure CN224262887U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tritium sampling equipment technology, and in particular to an atmospheric full-tritium sampler. Background Technology
[0002] Tritium exists in nature as tritized water, tritium gas, and organic hydrocarbon compounds. Naturally occurring tritium maintains a very low and stable content. Tritium (T) is a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, a low-energy beta radiator, with a maximum energy of 18.6 keV, an average energy of 5.6 keV, and a half-life of 12.26 years.
[0003] Tritium exists primarily in the chemical forms of water tritide (HTO) and reduced tritium (including HT and CH3T), and is released into the environment as gaseous or liquid effluents. The different chemical forms of tritium result in significant differences in their harmful effects on the human body. Specifically, HT or CH3T, even if they enter the human body, have a relatively short retention time and pose less harm. However, water tritide, after entering the body through respiration and ingestion, accumulates in water-rich organs such as the liver, kidneys, small intestine, and blood. These organs have high tissue weighting factors, thus easily leading to severe internal radiation damage.
[0004] When tritium exists in the form of tritized water, its chemical properties are completely identical to ordinary water, making it easily absorbed by living organisms. However, the toxicity of tritized water is more than 10,000 times that of tritium gas. Therefore, monitoring tritium in the air is essential. Monitoring tritium in the air requires sampling and collection. Currently, the industry commonly uses the following two methods:
[0005] 1. Use a dry adsorbent to adsorb and separate tritized water vapor, then evaporate the tritized water vapor in the dry adsorbent at high temperature, and use a cold trap to capture the tritized water vapor.
[0006] 2. Use cold traps directly to capture tritized water vapor, or use multiple cold traps to collect tritized water vapor in a cyclic manner.
[0007] Existing tritium sampling and collection methods can only collect tritium in the atmosphere in a single way, which cannot meet the needs of diverse collection. Moreover, they are expensive, difficult to maintain, have a high failure rate, and cannot achieve continuous sampling in a strictly defined sense. Utility Model Content
[0008] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an atmospheric tritium sampler that can perform various sampling of tritium in the atmosphere, is easy to maintain, has low cost, and can also perform continuous sampling.
[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:
[0010] An atmospheric tritium sampler, comprising a sampling head assembly, a catalytic assembly, a tritium condensation assembly, a collection assembly, and a refrigerant assembly;
[0011] The sampling head assembly includes an atmospheric inlet and an atmospheric outlet. The atmospheric outlet is connected to a catalytic pipeline and a tritium condenser pipeline in parallel. An inlet solenoid valve one and an inlet solenoid valve two are respectively installed on the catalytic pipeline and the tritium condenser pipeline.
[0012] The air inlet of the catalytic component is connected to the catalytic pipeline and is located downstream of the first air inlet solenoid valve; the air outlet of the catalytic component is connected to the air inlet of the tritium condensation component.
[0013] The inlet of the tritium condensation component is connected to the tritium condensation pipeline, the connection between the tritium condensation component and the catalyst component is located downstream of the second inlet solenoid valve, and the outlet of the tritium condensation component is connected to the fan.
[0014] The collection assembly includes a catalytic collection pipeline and a non-catalytic collection pipeline connected in parallel to the outlet of the tritium condensation assembly. The catalytic collection pipeline is connected to reagent bottle one, and the non-catalytic collection pipeline is connected to reagent bottle two.
[0015] The refrigerant assembly is connected to the tritium condensation assembly, and the refrigerant assembly is used to provide refrigerant to the tritium condensation assembly.
[0016] Preferably, the sampling head assembly includes a sampling base and a sampling hood mounted thereon, with a gap between the sampling hood and the sampling base forming an air intake channel for atmospheric entry;
[0017] The sampling seat is equipped with a filter assembly for filtering dust and particulate matter in the atmosphere. The bottom of the sampling seat is connected in parallel with the catalytic pipeline and the tritium condensation pipeline.
[0018] Preferably, the atmospheric outlet is connected in parallel with the catalytic converter and the tritium condenser via an intake manifold, and a flow meter is connected to the intake manifold.
[0019] Preferably, the catalytic assembly includes a catalytic bed and a heating assembly. The catalytic bed includes a catalytic inlet and a catalytic outlet. The catalytic inlet is connected to the catalytic pipeline, and the catalytic outlet is connected to the inlet of the tritium condensation assembly.
[0020] The heating assembly is installed inside the catalytic bed to heat the gas entering it.
[0021] Preferably, the catalytic outlet is equipped with a spiral catalytic gas guide pipe, and a catalytic cooling fan for cooling the catalytic gas guide pipe is installed on the outside of the catalytic gas guide pipe.
[0022] Preferably, the tritium condensation component is a cold trap.
[0023] Preferably, a condensate solenoid valve one and a condensate solenoid valve two are respectively provided on the catalytic collection pipeline and the non-catalytic collection pipeline.
[0024] Preferably, the refrigerant assembly includes a refrigerator and a compressor, and the refrigerator is connected to the tritium condensation assembly via a refrigerant pipeline.
[0025] Preferably, a water pump is installed on the refrigerant pipeline.
[0026] Preferably, it also includes a chassis, the sampling head assembly is mounted on the top of the chassis, and the catalytic assembly, the tritium condensation assembly, the collection assembly and the refrigerant assembly are all installed inside the chassis;
[0027] The chassis is equipped with a partition that vertically divides the interior of the chassis into an upper region and a lower region, and the refrigerant assembly is installed in the lower region;
[0028] An electrical cabinet air conditioner is installed on the chassis and located in the upper area. The electrical cabinet air conditioner is used to adjust the temperature of the upper area.
[0029] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0030] This application includes a sampling head assembly, a catalytic assembly, a tritium condensation assembly, a collection assembly, and a refrigerant assembly. The sampling head assembly includes an atmospheric inlet and an atmospheric outlet. The atmospheric outlet is connected to a parallel catalytic pipeline and a tritium condensation pipeline. An inlet solenoid valve one and an inlet solenoid valve two are respectively installed on the catalytic pipeline and the tritium condensation pipeline. The inlet of the catalytic assembly is connected to the catalytic pipeline and is located downstream of the inlet solenoid valve one. The outlet of the catalytic assembly is connected to the inlet of the tritium condensation assembly. The inlet of the tritium condensation assembly is connected to the tritium condensation pipeline. The connection between the tritium condensation assembly and the catalytic assembly is located downstream of the inlet solenoid valve two. The outlet of the tritium condensation assembly is connected to a fan.
[0031] After passing through the sampling head assembly, atmospheric air enters the catalytic and tritium condensation lines. When direct sampling of tritium from the atmosphere is required, inlet solenoid valve one closes the catalytic line, and inlet solenoid valve two opens the tritium condensation line. Atmosphere then passes through inlet solenoid valve two into the tritium condensation assembly for condensation, forming condensate which is then collected by the collection assembly. When catalytic sampling of tritium from the atmosphere is required, inlet solenoid valve one opens the catalytic line, and inlet solenoid valve two closes the tritium condensation line. Atmosphere then passes through inlet solenoid valve one into the catalytic line, undergoes catalysis by the catalytic assembly, and then enters the tritium condensation assembly for condensation, forming condensate which is then collected by the collection assembly. Direct sampling of tritium from the atmosphere increases the sampling speed, while sampling tritium after catalysis converts it into a more collectable and detectable form, improving both sampling and detection accuracy.
[0032] The collection assembly includes a catalytic collection line and a non-catalytic collection line connected in parallel to the outlet of the tritium condensation assembly. The catalytic collection line is connected to reagent bottle one, and the non-catalytic collection line is connected to reagent bottle two. Tritium sampled directly and tritium sampled after catalysis are collected by reagent bottle two and reagent bottle one, respectively, ensuring the accuracy of the sampling.
[0033] The refrigerant assembly is connected to the tritium condenser assembly. The refrigerant assembly provides refrigerant to the tritium condenser assembly, ensuring its normal operation.
[0034] The atmospheric tritium sampler of this application can sample tritium in the atmosphere, and can achieve both direct sampling and catalytic sampling. It has the advantages of diverse sampling methods. At the same time, it has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, has low cost, and can perform continuous sampling. Attached Figure Description
[0035] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0036] Figure 1 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the atmospheric tritium sampler according to an embodiment of this utility model;
[0037] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the chassis;
[0038] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A structural diagram from another direction;
[0039] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A partial cross-sectional view of the sampling head assembly;
[0040] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after the air conditioner is installed in the central chassis;
[0041] In the picture:
[0042] 1. Sampling head assembly; 11. Catalytic converter line; 12. Tritium condenser line; 13. Inlet solenoid valve one; 14. Inlet solenoid valve two; 15. Sampling seat; 16. Sampling hood; 17. Filter assembly; 18. Main inlet pipe; 19. Flow meter;
[0043] 2. Catalytic converter assembly; 21. Catalytic bed; 22. Catalytic gas guide pipe; 23. Catalytic cooling fan;
[0044] 3. Tritium condensation assembly;
[0045] 4. Collection components; 41. Catalytic collection pipeline; 42. Non-catalytic collection pipeline; 43. Reagent bottle one; 44. Reagent bottle two; 45. Condensate solenoid valve one; 46. Condensate solenoid valve two;
[0046] 5. Refrigerant assembly; 51. Refrigerator; 52. Compressor; 53. Water pump;
[0047] 6. Fan;
[0048] 7. Chassis; 71. Partition; 72. Electrical cabinet air conditioner. Detailed Implementation
[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.
[0050] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, this utility model includes a sampling head assembly 1, a catalyst assembly 2, a tritium condensation assembly 3, a collection assembly 4, and a refrigerant assembly 5.
[0051] The sampling head assembly 1 includes an atmospheric inlet and an atmospheric outlet. The atmospheric outlet is connected to a parallel catalytic converter 11 and a tritium condenser 12. An inlet solenoid valve 13 and an inlet solenoid valve 14 are respectively installed on the catalytic converter 11 and the tritium condenser 12. The inlet of the catalytic converter 2 is connected to the catalytic converter 11 and is located downstream of the inlet solenoid valve 13. The outlet of the catalytic converter 2 is connected to the inlet of the tritium condenser 3. The inlet of the tritium condenser 3 is connected to the tritium condenser 12. The connection between the tritium condenser 3 and the catalytic converter 2 is located downstream of the inlet solenoid valve 14. The outlet of the tritium condenser 3 is connected to the fan 6.
[0052] Once the fan 6 is started, it generates a powerful suction force, which quickly draws in the atmosphere and transports it through pipes to subsequent components. At the same time, it helps maintain air circulation throughout the entire atmospheric tritium sampler, ensuring the continuity of the sampling process.
[0053] After passing through the sampling head assembly 1, atmospheric air enters the catalytic line 11 and the tritium condensation line 12. When direct sampling of tritium in the atmosphere is required, the inlet solenoid valve 13 closes the catalytic line 11, and the inlet solenoid valve 14 opens the tritium condensation line 12. The atmospheric air then passes through the inlet solenoid valve 14 and enters the tritium condensation assembly 3 for condensation, forming condensate which is then collected by the collection assembly 4. When catalytic sampling of tritium in the atmosphere is required, the inlet solenoid valve 13 opens the catalytic line 11, and the inlet solenoid valve 14 closes the tritium condensation line 12. The atmospheric air then passes through the inlet solenoid valve 13 and enters the catalytic line 11. After being catalyzed by the catalytic assembly 2, the air enters the tritium condensation assembly 3 for condensation, forming condensate which is then collected by the collection assembly 4. Direct sampling of tritium in the atmosphere increases the sampling speed, while sampling tritium after catalysis converts it into a more easily collected and detectable form, which is beneficial for improving sampling and detection accuracy.
[0054] The collection component 4 includes a catalytic collection line 41 and a non-catalytic collection line 42 connected in parallel to the outlet of the tritium condensation component 3. The catalytic collection line 41 is connected to reagent bottle 1 43, and the non-catalytic collection line 42 is connected to reagent bottle 2 44. The tritium sampled directly and the tritium sampled after catalysis are collected by reagent bottle 2 44 and reagent bottle 1 43 respectively, ensuring the accuracy of the sampling.
[0055] The refrigerant assembly 5 is connected to the tritium condenser assembly 3. The refrigerant assembly 5 is used to provide refrigerant to the tritium condenser assembly 3, which can ensure the normal operation of the tritium condenser assembly.
[0056] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the present application, the sampling head assembly 1 includes a sampling seat 15 and a sampling cover 16 mounted on it. There is a gap between the sampling cover 16 and the sampling seat 15 to form an air intake channel for atmospheric entry. The opening of the air intake channel faces downward to prevent large particulate impurities from entering the sampling seat 15, ensuring smooth air intake and improving the performance.
[0057] The sampling seat 15 is equipped with a filter assembly 17, which is used to filter dust and particulate matter in the atmosphere. The bottom of the sampling seat 15 is connected in parallel with the catalytic pipeline 11 and the tritium condensation pipeline 12. The filter assembly 17 can improve the cleanliness of the intake air.
[0058] Preferably, the atmospheric outlet is connected in parallel with the catalytic converter line 11 and the tritium condenser line 12 via the intake manifold 18, and a flow meter 19 is connected to the intake manifold 18. During the flow of atmospheric air through the intake manifold 18, the flow meter 19 can monitor the atmospheric flow rate in real time and feed the flow rate data back to the control unit. If the flow rate deviates from the set value, the control unit will adjust the speed of the fan 6 or other related components to keep the flow rate stable.
[0059] The catalytic assembly 2 includes a catalytic bed 21 and a heating assembly (obscured in the figure). The catalytic bed 21 includes a catalytic inlet and a catalytic outlet. The catalytic inlet is connected to the catalytic pipeline 11, and the catalytic outlet is connected to the inlet of the tritium condensation assembly 3. The heating assembly is installed inside the catalytic bed 21 to heat the gas entering it. In this application, the heating assembly is preferably a heating wire, and the space between the heating wire and the catalytic bed 21 is filled with insulation material.
[0060] A spiral catalytic gas guide pipe 22 is installed at the catalytic gas outlet, and a catalytic cooling fan 23 is installed on the outside of the catalytic gas guide pipe 22 for cooling. After being heated and catalyzed, the gas enters the catalytic gas guide pipe 22, where its relatively long path facilitates cooling. Simultaneously, the catalytic cooling fan 23 further reduces the gas temperature, thus reducing the energy consumed when entering the tritium condensation assembly 3 and increasing the condensation rate. Preferably, the tritium condensation assembly 3 is a cold trap.
[0061] A condensate solenoid valve 45 and a condensate solenoid valve 46 are respectively installed on the catalytic collection pipeline 41 and the non-catalytic collection pipeline 42.
[0062] In this application, the refrigerant assembly 5 includes a refrigerator 51 and a compressor 52. The refrigerator 51 is connected to the tritium condenser assembly 3 via a refrigerant pipeline, and a water pump 53 is installed on the refrigerant pipeline. Under the action of the compressor 52, the refrigerant or cryogenic material in the refrigerator 51 takes effect, causing the temperature of the tritium condenser assembly 3 to drop to a level sufficient for water vapor to condense.
[0063] Pump 53 delivers the cooled medium to the tritium condenser assembly 3. In the tritium condenser assembly 3, the cooling medium absorbs heat, water vapor condenses, and the temperature rises. Pump 53 then sends the heated medium back to the refrigerant assembly 5. In the refrigerant assembly 5, the cooling medium releases heat, the temperature drops, and it returns to a low-temperature state. Then, pump 53 sends the cooled medium back to the tritium condenser assembly 3, thus forming a cycle that continuously provides a low-temperature environment for the tritium condenser assembly 3, ensuring that water vapor can continuously condense.
[0064] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, this application also includes a chassis 7, with the sampling head assembly 1 installed on the top of the chassis 7, and the catalytic assembly 2, tritium condensation assembly 3, collection assembly 4, and refrigerant assembly 5 all installed inside the chassis 7; a partition 71 is installed inside the chassis 7, which vertically divides the interior of the chassis 7 into an upper region and a lower region, with the refrigerant assembly 5 installed in the lower region; an electrical cabinet air conditioner 72 is installed on the chassis 7 and located in the upper region, and the electrical cabinet air conditioner 72 is used to adjust the temperature of the upper region.
[0065] Throughout the sampling process, various electrical components in the upper area, such as control units and control circuits of button panel assemblies, generate heat during operation. The electrical cabinet air conditioner 72 removes this heat from the chassis 7 through a cooling cycle, maintaining the temperature inside the chassis 7 within a suitable range. This ensures the stable operation of electronic components, preventing performance degradation, malfunctions, or even damage due to high temperatures, and ensuring the accurate transmission of system control commands and the coordinated operation of all components.
[0066] In summary, the atmospheric tritium sampler of this application can sample tritium in the atmosphere, and can achieve both direct sampling and catalytic sampling, which has the advantages of diverse sampling methods. At the same time, it has a simple structure, is easy to maintain, has low cost, and can perform continuous sampling.
[0067] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An atmospheric tritium sampler, characterized in that, This includes a sampling head assembly, a catalyst assembly, a tritium condensation assembly, a collection assembly, and a refrigerant assembly; The sampling head assembly includes an atmospheric inlet and an atmospheric outlet. The atmospheric outlet is connected to a catalytic pipeline and a tritium condenser pipeline in parallel. An inlet solenoid valve one and an inlet solenoid valve two are respectively installed on the catalytic pipeline and the tritium condenser pipeline. The air inlet of the catalytic component is connected to the catalytic pipeline and is located downstream of the first air inlet solenoid valve; the air outlet of the catalytic component is connected to the air inlet of the tritium condensation component. The inlet of the tritium condensation component is connected to the tritium condensation pipeline, the connection between the tritium condensation component and the catalyst component is located downstream of the second inlet solenoid valve, and the outlet of the tritium condensation component is connected to the fan. The collection assembly includes a catalytic collection pipeline and a non-catalytic collection pipeline connected in parallel to the outlet of the tritium condensation assembly. The catalytic collection pipeline is connected to reagent bottle one, and the non-catalytic collection pipeline is connected to reagent bottle two. The refrigerant assembly is connected to the tritium condensation assembly, and the refrigerant assembly is used to provide refrigerant to the tritium condensation assembly.
2. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sampling head assembly includes a sampling base and a sampling hood mounted thereon, with a gap between the sampling hood and the sampling base forming an air intake channel for atmospheric entry; The sampling seat is equipped with a filter assembly for filtering dust and particulate matter in the atmosphere. The bottom of the sampling seat is connected in parallel with the catalytic pipeline and the tritium condensation pipeline.
3. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The atmospheric outlet is connected in parallel to the catalytic converter and the tritium condenser via the main intake pipe, and a flow meter is connected to the main intake pipe.
4. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The catalytic assembly includes a catalytic bed and a heating assembly. The catalytic bed includes a catalytic inlet and a catalytic outlet. The catalytic inlet is connected to the catalytic pipeline, and the catalytic outlet is connected to the inlet of the tritium condensation assembly. The heating assembly is installed inside the catalytic bed to heat the gas entering it.
5. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The catalytic outlet is equipped with a spiral catalytic gas guide pipe, and a catalytic cooling fan for cooling the catalytic gas guide pipe is installed on the outside of the catalytic gas guide pipe.
6. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tritium condensation component is a cold trap.
7. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The catalytic collection pipeline and the non-catalytic collection pipeline are respectively equipped with a condensate solenoid valve one and a condensate solenoid valve two.
8. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigerant assembly includes a refrigerator and a compressor, and the refrigerator is connected to the tritium condensation assembly via a refrigerant pipeline.
9. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 8, characterized in that, A water pump is installed on the refrigerant pipeline.
10. The atmospheric tritium sampler as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a chassis, with the sampling head assembly mounted on the top of the chassis, and the catalytic assembly, the tritium condensation assembly, the collection assembly, and the refrigerant assembly all installed inside the chassis; The chassis is equipped with a partition that vertically divides the interior of the chassis into an upper region and a lower region, and the refrigerant assembly is installed in the lower region; An electrical cabinet air conditioner is installed on the chassis and located in the upper area. The electrical cabinet air conditioner is used to adjust the temperature of the upper area.