Rotating speed sensor

Abstract

The utility model provides a rotating speed sensor, which comprises a magnetizer or a permanent magnet extending along the axial direction and a planar coil assembly sleeved on the periphery of the magnetizer or the permanent magnet, and the planar coil assembly comprises a load body made of insulating materials and a planar spiral coil etched on the load body. The load body is provided with a through hole in the center of the plane spiral coil, and the magnetizer or the permanent magnet is arranged in the through hole in a penetrating mode. According to the rotating speed sensor, the output consistency is greatly improved, and the reliability of the rotating speed sensor under high-temperature and high-vibration conditions is improved.

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] This utility model relates to a sensor. In particular, it relates to a speed sensor. [Background Technology]

[0002] An aero engine is a complex power unit that operates under high temperature, high rotation, and high vibration conditions. During operation, it is subjected to harsh environments of high temperature and strong vibration, which places high reliability requirements on all devices installed on the equipment.

[0003] A key indicator for monitoring the operating status of aero engines is engine speed, which is primarily acquired through speed sensors. However, the complex environment of aero engines—characterized by high temperatures, high vibrations, and high speeds—makes many sensors unsuitable for this environment, including Hall effect speed sensors commonly found in automotive engines.

[0004] Traditional magnetoelectric sensors, see appendix. Figure 1 As shown, a multi-turn coil 3 is formed by winding enameled wire around a non-metallic frame 1. A magnetic conductor or permanent magnet 2 is inserted inside the frame 1, creating a stable and uniform constant magnetic field environment within the coil 3. When an external magnetic conductor passes near the coil, a cutting magnetic induction phenomenon occurs, resulting in an induced voltage within the coil. The frequency of this induced voltage change is the product of the number of external magnetic conductors and the rotational speed. By statistically analyzing the frequency of the induced voltage within the coil, the rotational speed of the rotating body can be equivalently calculated. In use, it is generally used in conjunction with a tone wheel 4, which is mounted on the shaft being measured. For example, a gear tone wheel can be used. During rotation, the tooth tips and grooves alternately pass through the sensor, causing alternating changes in the magnetic flux of the sensor coil, resulting in an output signal. Due to the relatively basic internal components and high overall temperature resistance, it has wide applications in the field of aero-engines. Figure 1 It can be seen that in this type of magnetoelectric sensor, the coil winding method is to complete one layer of coil winding along the positive direction of the axis (as shown in Figure 1 to n), add another layer at the end, and then wind another layer along the opposite direction of the axis (as shown in Figure n+1 to 2n), and repeat this process layer by layer to form a multi-layered spiral coil.

[0005] However, this type of speed sensor wound with enameled wire will encounter the following problems in practical engineering applications:

[0006] (1) The sensor coil cannot be made completely consistent during the winding process, which can easily lead to poor output consistency of sensors in the same batch. Under the same frequency and gap, the maximum output voltage error of the sensor may reach 5%, which brings difficulties to subsequent signal processing.

[0007] (2) Due to the application requirements of aero-engines, magnetoelectric sensors are small in size and require high output voltage. Therefore, the enameled wire used inside the sensor is thin, with a wire diameter usually below 0.07 mm. Under relatively small external stress conditions, open circuit failures are likely to occur. At the same time, because a layer is added at the end of the winding process, open circuit failures are particularly likely to occur at the point where the layers are added.

[0008] Therefore, it is necessary to improve magnetoelectric sensors to enhance reliability under high temperature and high vibration conditions while improving product output consistency, so as to meet the needs of aerospace equipment applications. [Utility Model Content]

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to provide a speed sensor that greatly improves output consistency and enhances its reliability under high temperature and high vibration conditions.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned utility model objectives, this utility model provides a speed sensor, wherein the speed sensor includes a magnetic conductor or permanent magnet extending along the axial direction, and a planar coil assembly sleeved on the outer periphery of the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet. The planar coil assembly includes a load body made of insulating material and a planar spiral coil etched on the load body. The load body has a through hole at the center of the planar spiral coil, and the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet passes through the through hole.

[0011] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the planar coil assembly is provided in two or more, and the planar coil assemblies are all coaxially arranged on the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet, and the planar spiral coils on adjacent planar coil assemblies are connected in series.

[0012] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, a first solder pad is provided on each of the outermost two end faces of the planar coil assembly, and the first solder pad on each end face is electrically connected to one end of the adjacent planar spiral coil.

[0013] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, at least two second pads are provided on one of the outermost two end faces of the planar coil assembly. The two second pads are respectively connected to the two ends of the internal planar spiral coil to transmit the potential generated by the coil.

[0014] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the load body is a PCB multilayer board, and the planar spiral coil is configured as multiple, and the multiple planar spiral coils are arranged in parallel on each layer of the PCB multilayer board, with adjacent planar spiral coils connected in series.

[0015] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the outermost two end faces of the PCB multilayer board are respectively provided with third pads, and each third pad is electrically connected to one end of the planar coil assembly on its adjacent layer.

[0016] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the line width w of the planar helical coil is in the range of 0.01mm≤w≤0.1mm.

[0017] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the gap d between the coils of the planar helical coil is in the range of d≥0.02mm.

[0018] As a further improvement of one embodiment of the present invention, the planar spiral coil is composed of multiple turns of conductive coil connected in series, and the conductive coils are connected end to end to form a spiral.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the technical solution provided by the present invention greatly improves the output consistency and enhances its reliability under high temperature and high vibration conditions by etching a planar spiral coil on the load body. [Attached Image Description]

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wound magnetoelectric speed sensor in the prior art;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the speed sensor of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the near-circular spiral coil used in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the near-square spiral coil used in this utility model.

Detailed Implementation Methods

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to this application are shown in the accompanying drawings, not the entire structure. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] The terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, used in this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the steps or units listed, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0027] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0029] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0030] Please see Figure 2As shown in the specific embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment provides a speed sensor. The speed sensor includes a magnetic conductor or permanent magnet 10 extending along the axial direction and a planar coil assembly sleeved on the outer periphery of the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet 10. The planar coil assembly includes a load body 11 made of insulating material and a planar spiral coil 12 etched on the load body 11. The load body 11 has a through hole at the center of the planar spiral coil 12, and the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet 10 passes through the through hole.

[0031] Furthermore, the planar coil assembly can be configured as two or more, and the planar coil assemblies are all coaxially arranged on the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet 10, and the planar spiral coils 12 on adjacent planar coil assemblies are connected in series.

[0032] Specifically, the speed sensor is used to measure the rotational speed of the tone wheel 13, which is mounted on the shaft being measured.

[0033] In this preferred embodiment, the load 11 is a PCB board, on which planar spiral coils are etched. Specifically, multiple PCB boards are arranged, each with a planar spiral coil etched on it. The multiple PCB boards are stacked and arranged, with adjacent planar spiral coils connected end-to-end to form the induction coil of the series-connected speed sensor. A through-hole is opened at the center of the coil on the PCB board, and a magnetic conductor or permanent magnet 2 is inserted into the through-hole. The internal planar spiral coils 12 are filled with epoxy resin commonly used in PCB manufacturing or with non-metallic lamination using semiconductor manufacturing processes. This epoxy resin has good compatibility with the substrate and internal copper wires, which can greatly reduce the failure of coil open circuits caused by mismatch of filling materials. Semiconductor processing methods can be used to process similar structures according to the PCB manufacturing process and related process technology.

[0034] Each of the outermost two ends of the planar coil assembly has a first solder pad, and the first solder pad on each end is electrically connected to one end of the adjacent planar spiral coil 12.

[0035] At least two second pads are provided on one of the outermost two end faces of the planar coil assembly. The two second pads are respectively connected to the two ends of the internal planar spiral coil 12 to transmit the potential generated by the coil. The second pads can be surface-mount or via-type.

[0036] The planar spiral coil 12 is a spiral conductive coil etched on a PCT substrate. Furthermore, in another embodiment provided by this invention, the load body 11 is a PCB multilayer board, and multiple planar spiral coils 12 are provided, with the multiple planar spiral coils 12 arranged in parallel on each layer of the PCB multilayer board, and adjacent planar spiral coils 12 connected in series.

[0037] This preferred embodiment eliminates the layer-by-layer spiral coil structure of the prior art, and uses a combination of multiple planar coils to form the induction coil of the speed sensor, thus eliminating the need for winding. In addition, a PCB substrate or silicon-based material can be used as the load body 11. Based on the industrial technology and stability of PCB manufacturing process or semiconductor processing technology, and with the help of ICT technology of related process technology, each planar coil assembly can be individually tested to ensure the consistency of the final delivered coil, thereby ensuring the consistency of the speed sensor output.

[0038] In addition, the outermost two end faces of the PCB multilayer board are respectively provided with third pads, and each third pad is electrically connected to one end of the planar coil assembly on its adjacent layer. Specifically, adjacent planar spiral coils 12 are connected in series through internal vias of the PCB multilayer board, and multiple planar coil assemblies are connected through the pads on the two end faces, thereby realizing the series connection of multiple planar spiral coils 12 and enhancing the product output signal.

[0039] Furthermore, the linewidth w of the planar helical coil 12 ranges from 0.01mm ≤ w ≤ 0.1mm. The gap d between the coils of the planar helical coil 12 ranges from d ≥ 0.02mm. Of course, the specific linewidth and gap can be determined based on design requirements, combined with relevant manufacturing capabilities and overall cost. Specifically, the linewidth w can generally be 0.02mm, 0.04mm, or 0.06mm. To further ensure reliability, the gap d between the coils is not less than 0.05mm.

[0040] The planar helical coil 12 is composed of multiple turns of conductive coil connected in series, and the conductive coils are connected end to end to form a helix.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the shape of each turn of the conductive coil can be set to approximately a circle. Of course, as... Figure 4 As shown, the shape of each turn of the conductive coil can be set to approximately square. Alternatively, depending on the application requirements, the coil shape can also be irregular.

[0042] The technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0043] 1. This utility model eliminates the winding structure of the existing magnetoelectric speed sensor and creatively constructs a sensing coil by combining planar coils. The sensing coil is etched onto the load body 11, and a high-temperature resistant insulating substrate is used as the load body 11 to load the planar spiral coil 12. This solves the instability problem caused by easy breakage of the winding in the existing technology, and is particularly suitable for aerospace applications with high temperature and high vibration.

[0044] 2. The planar coil assembly designed in this utility model combines a single-layer coil and a frame, eliminating the need for a separate frame and ensuring the coil is firmly and reliably fixed. At the same time, since each planar coil assembly is an independent module, in case of a fault, only the faulty module needs to be replaced, without having to scrap the entire product, thus reducing costs.

[0045] 3. In this utility model, by using an insulating substrate as the load body 11, the industrial technology and stability of PCB manufacturing process or semiconductor manufacturing process, as well as the ICT technology of related processes, can be used to perform individual testing on each coil, ensuring the consistency of the final delivered coil.

[0046] 4. The planar coil assembly structure formed in this utility model enables each layer of coil to independently output induced electromotive force, forming independent small batteries, which are then connected in series through through holes in the load body 11; the planar coil assemblies are connected by solder pads, further increasing the magnitude of the induced electromotive force of the entire coil assembly and comprehensively improving the output capability of the speed sensor.

[0047] 5. This utility model can select PCB board materials with corresponding Tg temperatures according to the operating environment temperature of the aero-engine. Currently, there are PCB board materials with Tg temperatures exceeding 250°C; or select SOI substrate semiconductor processes, which can well meet the operating requirements of aero-engines.

[0048] The above is only one specific embodiment of the present utility model. Any improvements made based on the concept of the present utility model shall be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A speed sensor, characterized in that, The speed sensor includes a magnetic conductor or permanent magnet extending along the axial direction, and a planar coil assembly sleeved on the outer periphery of the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet. The planar coil assembly includes a load body made of insulating material and a planar spiral coil etched on the load body. The load body has a through hole at the center of the planar spiral coil, and the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet passes through the through hole.

2. The speed sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planar coil assembly is configured in two or more, and the planar coil assemblies are all coaxially arranged on the magnetic conductor or permanent magnet, with the planar helical coils on adjacent planar coil assemblies connected in series.

3. The speed sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the outermost two ends of the planar coil assembly has a first solder pad, and the first solder pad on each end is electrically connected to one end of the adjacent planar spiral coil.

4. The speed sensor according to claim 2, characterized in that, At least two second pads are provided on one of the outermost two end faces of the planar coil assembly. The two second pads are respectively connected to the two ends of the internal planar spiral coil to transmit the potential generated by the coil.

5. The speed sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load body is a PCB multilayer board, and multiple planar spiral coils are provided, with the multiple planar spiral coils arranged in parallel on each layer of the PCB multilayer board, and adjacent planar spiral coils connected in series.

6. The speed sensor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outermost two ends of the PCB multilayer board are respectively provided with third pads, and each third pad is electrically connected to one end of the planar coil assembly on the adjacent layer.

7. The speed sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linewidth w of the planar helical coil is in the range of 0.01mm ≤ w ≤ 0.1mm.

8. The speed sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gap d between the coils of the planar helical coil is in the range of d≥0.02mm.

9. The speed sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planar spiral coil is composed of multiple turns of conductive coil connected in series, with the conductive coils connected end to end to form a spiral.

Images