Unmanned aerial vehicle flight control controller

Abstract

The utility model relates to an unmanned aerial vehicle flight control controller, which comprises a Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuit, a battery electric quantity detection and charging circuit, a sensor circuit, a motor driving circuit and an interface circuit, and the Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuit is respectively connected with the battery electric quantity detection and charging circuit, an attitude sensor, the motor driving circuit and the interface circuit. Flight control codes are integrated into micropython, so that an application layer can use python programming and graphical programming, and the method is suitable for STEM education in middle and primary schools.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology, and in particular to a UAV flight control controller. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most drone flight control boards only support burning the underlying firmware and do not support secondary development of application layer code, nor do they support Python or graphical programming.

[0003] Problems with existing technology:

[0004] 1. Python and graphical programming are not allowed.

[0005] 2. Secondary development is not supported.

[0006] 3. Not suitable for STEM education in primary and secondary schools.

[0007] 4. Multiple drones are prone to mutual interference. Utility Model Content

[0008] This invention proposes a drone flight control controller to solve the problems mentioned in the prior art.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A drone flight controller includes a Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuit, a battery power detection and charging circuit, a sensor circuit, a motor drive circuit, and an interface circuit. The Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuits are respectively connected to the battery power detection and charging circuit, the attitude sensor, the motor drive circuit, and the interface circuit.

[0011] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuit includes an ESP32S3 main control chip, a resistor R15 and a capacitor C13. Pin 3 of the ESP32S3 main control chip is connected to the resistor R15 and the capacitor C13. The other end of the resistor R15 is connected to a 3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C13 is grounded.

[0012] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the battery power detection and charging circuit includes a chip MCP1, resistors R5, R6, and R7, a capacitor C8, and an indicator LED2. Pin 1 of the chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R7, the other end of resistor R7 is connected to indicator LED2, the other end of indicator LED2 is connected to pin 4 of the chip MCP1, pin 5 of the chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R6, the other end of resistor R6 is grounded, pin 2 of the chip MCP1 is grounded, pin 3 of the chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R5, capacitor C8, and battery VBAT, the other end of capacitor C8 is grounded, the other end of resistor R5 is connected to resistor R10 and pin 102 of the ESP32S3 main control chip, and the model of the chip MCP1 is MCP73831T.

[0013] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the sensor circuit includes sensor U1, sensor U2, and sensor U5. Pin 2 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C1 and a 3.3V voltage, and the other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. Pin 8 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C7, and the other end of capacitor C7 is connected to pin 12 of sensor U1. Pin 9 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C5 and ground, and the other end of capacitor C5 is connected to pin 10 of sensor U1. Pins 1 and 16 of sensor U1 output detection signals. Pin 1 of sensor U2 is grounded, and pin 2 of sensor U2 is connected to a 3.3V voltage. Pins 3 and 4 of sensor U2 output detection signals. Pin 5 of sensor U2 is connected to resistor R4, and the other end of resistor R4 is connected to capacitor C6 and ground. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to pins 6 and 8 of sensor U2. Pin 7 of sensor U2 is grounded. Pin 1 of U5 is grounded. Pin 6 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R13. The other end of resistor R13 is connected to resistor R14 and 3.3V voltage. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to pin 7 of sensor U5. Pin 8 of sensor U5 is connected to capacitors C11 and C12, pin 13 of sensor U5 and 3.3V voltage. Pin 18 of sensor U5 is grounded. Pin 20 of sensor U5 is connected to capacitor C9. The other end of capacitor C9 is grounded. Pin 23 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R11. The other end of resistor R11 is connected to resistor R12. Pin 24 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R8. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to resistor R9. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to resistor R12 and 3.3V voltage. Sensor U1 is a QMC5883L magnetic compass sensor. Sensor U2 is an SPL06-001 barometric pressure sensor. Sensor U5 is an MPU6050 six-axis sensor.

[0014] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the motor drive circuit includes four independent motor drive modules, and the four motor drive modules have the same structure. One of the motor drive modules includes a field-effect transistor Q20, a resistor R18, a resistor R22 and a diode D16. The gate of the field-effect transistor Q20 is connected to the resistors R18 and R22. The other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the ESP32S3 main control chip. The other end of the resistor R22 is connected to the source of the field-effect transistor Q20 and the ground terminal. The drain of the field-effect transistor Q20 is connected to the positive terminal of the diode D16 and the motor M1. The other end of the motor M1 is connected to the negative terminal of the diode D16 and the battery VBAT.

[0015] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the interface circuit includes multiple P1.0 ports.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages provided by this utility model in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0017] 1. Bluetooth communication is used, and each Bluetooth address is different, which solves the problem of interference between multiple drones; 2. The application layer allows the use of Python and graphical programming, which is suitable for primary and secondary school students to learn programming knowledge while learning about drones. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram for the Bluetooth and WiFi communication modules.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a circuit diagram for battery power detection and charging.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the circuit diagram for the sensor circuit.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a circuit diagram of a motor drive circuit.

[0023] Figure 5 This is the circuit diagram for the interface circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] It should be noted that the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "up," "down," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this article are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains; the terminology used herein in the description of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the invention; the term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] Example 1, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a drone flight controller, including a Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuit, a battery power detection and charging circuit, a sensor circuit, a motor drive circuit, and an interface circuit. The Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuits are respectively connected to the battery power detection and charging circuit, the attitude sensor, the motor drive circuit, and the interface circuit.

[0028] Example 2, based on Example 1, includes an ESP32S3 main control chip, a resistor R15, and a capacitor C13. Pin 3 of the ESP32S3 main control chip is connected to resistor R15 and capacitor C13. The other end of resistor R15 is connected to a 3.3V voltage, and the other end of capacitor C13 is grounded. The ESP32S3 chip is equipped with... Featuring a 32-bit LX7 dual-core processor with a clock speed of up to 240MHz and a five-stage pipeline architecture, it delivers powerful processing capabilities. It integrates 512KB of SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) and supports larger capacity high-speed Octal SPI flash and off-chip RAM, with user-configurable data and instruction caches. Additionally, it includes 384KB of ROM for program startup and kernel function calls, and 16KB of RTC SRAM. Integrated 2.4GHz Wi-Fi (802.11b / g / n) supports 40MHz bandwidth, providing stable Wi-Fi connectivity. It supports various Wi-Fi functions such as Wireless Multimedia (WMM), frame aggregation, and immediate block acknowledgment. It also supports Infrastructure BSS Station mode, SoftAP mode, and Station+SoftAP promiscuous mode, and Bluetooth 5 (LE) and Bluetooth Mesh, enabling long-distance communication via Coded PHY and broadcast extensions. A 2Mbps PHY is also supported to improve transmission speed and data throughput.

[0029] Example 3, based on Example 1, includes a battery power detection and charging circuit comprising a chip MCP1, resistors R5, R6, and R7, a capacitor C8, and an indicator LED2. Pin 1 of chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R7, the other end of resistor R7 is connected to indicator LED2, the other end of indicator LED2 is connected to pin 4 of chip MCP1, pin 5 of chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R6, the other end of resistor R6 is grounded, pin 2 of chip MCP1 is grounded, pin 3 of chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R5, capacitor C8, and battery VBAT, the other end of capacitor C8 is grounded, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to resistor R10 and pin 102 of the ESP32S3 main control chip. The model of chip MCP1 is MCP73831T. MCP73831T is a professional battery charging management chip that supports programmable charging current ranging from 15mA to 500mA. Users can adjust the charging current according to specific application requirements to optimize charging time and device performance. Four voltage adjustment options are provided: 4.20V, 4.35V, 4.40V, and 4.50V, to accommodate different battery charging needs. A constant current / constant voltage charging algorithm ensures safe and efficient battery charging. Optional pre-processing and charging termination functions are provided to further protect the battery and extend its lifespan. Integrated reverse discharge protection prevents reverse discharge during charging, ensuring battery safety. Under high power or high environmental conditions, the MCP73831T limits the charging current based on chip temperature. This thermal regulation function optimizes the charging cycle time while maintaining device reliability. This design uses the MCP73831T to implement the lithium battery charging function, and the battery voltage is read via GPIO2.

[0030] Example 4, based on Example 1, includes sensor circuits U1, U2, and U5. Pin 2 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C1 and a 3.3V voltage, with the other end of capacitor C1 grounded. Pin 8 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C7, with the other end of capacitor C7 connected to pin 12 of sensor U1. Pin 9 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C5 and ground, with the other end of capacitor C5 connected to pin 10 of sensor U1. Pins 1 and 16 of sensor U1 output detection signals. Pin 1 of sensor U2 is grounded, and pin 2 of sensor U2 is connected to a 3.3V voltage. Pins 3 and 4 of sensor U2 output detection signals. Pin 5 of sensor U2 is connected to resistor R4, with the other end of resistor R4 connected to capacitor C6 and ground. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to pins 6 and 8 of sensor U2. Pin 7 of sensor U2 is grounded. Pin 1 of sensor U5 is grounded. Pin 6 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R13, with the other end of resistor R13 connected to... One end of the sensor is connected to resistor R14 and 3.3V voltage. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to pin 7 of sensor U5. Pin 8 of sensor U5 is connected to capacitors C11 and C12, pin 13 of sensor U5 and 3.3V voltage. Pin 18 of sensor U5 is grounded. Pin 20 of sensor U5 is connected to capacitor C9, the other end of capacitor C9 is grounded. Pin 23 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R11, the other end of resistor R11 is connected to resistor R12. Pin 24 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R8, the other end of resistor R8 is connected to resistor R9, the other end of resistor R9 is connected to resistor R12 and 3.3V voltage. Sensor U1 is a QMC5883L magnetic compass sensor used to determine the direction of the drone. Sensor U2 is an SPL06-001 barometric pressure sensor used to achieve the altitude hold function of the drone. Sensor U5 is an attitude sensor, using an MPU6050 six-axis sensor, which consists of a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope, and is the key to achieving stable flight of the drone.

[0031] Example 5, based on Example 1, includes four independent motor drive modules with identical structures. One of the motor drive modules includes a field-effect transistor (FET) Q20, resistors R18 and R22, and a diode D16. The gate of FET Q20 is connected to resistors R18 and R22. The other end of resistor R18 is connected to the ESP32S3 main control chip. The other end of resistor R22 is connected to the source of FET Q20 and ground. The drain of FET Q20 is connected to the anode of diode D16 and motor M1. The other end of motor M1 is connected to the cathode of diode D16 and battery VBAT. FET Q20 uses an N-channel FET Si2302, which allows for relatively simple control of motor speed.

[0032] The interface circuit includes multiple P1.0 ports, which can be used to easily connect external sensor modules, such as connecting an optical flow sensor to achieve fixed-point hovering, or connecting LED lights to create special effects flight.

[0033] This design uses the ESP32S3 main control chip and can be further developed using open-source software. The flight control code is integrated into MicroPython, enabling the application layer to use Python programming and graphical programming, making it suitable for STEM education in primary and secondary schools.

[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention.

[0035] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment have been appropriately combined to form other embodiments that are easy for those skilled in the art to understand.

Claims

1. A drone flight controller, comprising Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuits, battery power detection and charging circuits, sensor circuits, motor drive circuits, and interface circuits, characterized in that, The Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuits are respectively connected to the battery power detection and charging circuit, the attitude sensor, the motor drive circuit, and the interface circuit.

2. The UAV flight control controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Bluetooth and WiFi communication module circuit includes an ESP32S3 main control chip, a resistor R15, and a capacitor C13. Pin 3 of the ESP32S3 main control chip is connected to the resistor R15 and the capacitor C13. The other end of the resistor R15 is connected to a 3.3V voltage, and the other end of the capacitor C13 is grounded.

3. The UAV flight control controller according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery power detection and charging circuit includes a chip MCP1, resistors R5, R6, and R7, a capacitor C8, and an indicator LED2. Pin 1 of the chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R7, the other end of resistor R7 is connected to indicator LED2, the other end of indicator LED2 is connected to pin 4 of the chip MCP1, pin 5 of the chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R6, the other end of resistor R6 is grounded, pin 2 of the chip MCP1 is grounded, pin 3 of the chip MCP1 is connected to resistor R5, capacitor C8, and battery VBAT, the other end of capacitor C8 is grounded, and the other end of resistor R5 is connected to resistor R10 and pin 102 of the ESP32S3 main control chip. The model of the chip MCP1 is MCP73831T.

4. The UAV flight control controller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sensor circuit includes sensor U1, sensor U2, and sensor U5. Pin 2 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C1 and a 3.3V voltage. The other end of capacitor C1 is grounded. Pin 8 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C7. The other end of capacitor C7 is connected to pin 12 of sensor U1. Pin 9 of sensor U1 is connected to capacitor C5 and ground. The other end of capacitor C5 is connected to pin 10 of sensor U1. Pins 1 and 16 of sensor U1 output detection signals. Pin 1 of sensor U2 is grounded. Pin 2 of sensor U2 is connected to a 3.3V voltage. Pins 3 and 4 of sensor U2 output detection signals. Pin 5 of sensor U2 is connected to resistor R4. The other end of resistor R4 is connected to capacitor C6 and ground. The other end of capacitor C6 is connected to pins 6 and 8 of sensor U2. Pin 7 of sensor U2 is grounded. Pin 1 of sensor U5 is grounded. Pin 6 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R13. The other end of resistor R13 is connected to resistor R14 and 3.3V voltage. The other end of resistor R14 is connected to pin 7 of sensor U5. Pin 8 of sensor U5 is connected to capacitors C11 and C12, pin 13 of sensor U5 and 3.3V voltage. Pin 18 of sensor U5 is grounded. Pin 20 of sensor U5 is connected to capacitor C9. The other end of capacitor C9 is grounded. Pin 23 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R11. The other end of resistor R11 is connected to resistor R12. Pin 24 of sensor U5 is connected to resistor R8. The other end of resistor R8 is connected to resistor R9. The other end of resistor R9 is connected to resistor R12 and 3.3V voltage. Sensor U1 is a QMC5883L magnetic compass sensor, sensor U2 is an SPL06-001 barometric pressure sensor, and sensor U5 is an MPU6050 six-axis sensor.

5. A UAV flight control controller according to claim 4, characterized in that: The motor drive circuit includes four independent motor drive modules with identical structures. One of the motor drive modules includes a field-effect transistor Q20, resistors R18 and R22, and a diode D16. The gate of the field-effect transistor Q20 is connected to resistors R18 and R22. The other end of resistor R18 is connected to the ESP32S3 main control chip. The other end of resistor R22 is connected to the source of the field-effect transistor Q20 and the ground terminal. The drain of the field-effect transistor Q20 is connected to the positive terminal of diode D16 and motor M1. The other end of motor M1 is connected to the negative terminal of diode D16 and battery VBAT.

6. A UAV flight control controller according to claim 5, characterized in that: The interface circuit includes multiple P1.0 ports.

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