Sand mixing and improving integrated equipment for saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The utility model discloses a saline-alkali soil sand mixing improvement integrated device which comprises a vehicle frame, a sand mixing device, a sand mixing device and a sand mixing device. A detection device, a sand mixing device, a thickness measuring device and a spraying device are sequentially arranged on the frame; a front crushing wheel and a rear mixing wheel are respectively arranged at the front and rear ends of the frame; the detection device comprises an EC sensor array arranged at the bottom of the frame; the sand mixing device comprises a material box arranged on the frame as well as a material conveying device and a material distributing device which are arranged below the material box, a discharge port is formed in one end, directly facing the material conveying device, of the bottom of the material box, and the material distributing device is arranged below the other end of the material conveying device; the thickness measuring device is arranged behind the sand mixing device and is used for measuring the thickness of a sand layer mixed with sand; the spraying device comprises a water tank arranged on the frame, a water pump arranged at a water outlet of the water tank and a sprinkling irrigation belt connected with the water pump; and a plurality of nozzles facing the ground are arranged on the sprinkling irrigation belt. The saline-alkali soil improvement efficiency and quality are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of saline-alkali land improvement devices. More specifically, this utility model relates to an integrated device for improving saline-alkali land by mixing sand. Background Technology

[0002] Soil improvement of saline-alkali land is a crucial step in achieving high-standard agricultural development. Traditional sand-mixing improvement processes typically rely on multiple machines operating in stages, which has the following drawbacks: 1. Dispersed processes: The construction process includes initial leveling with a grader, sand spreading with a sand spreader, and deep tillage and mixing with a tiller. The collaboration of multiple machines leads to poor coordination, low construction efficiency, and high energy consumption and costs. 2. Uneven quality: Manual control of sand dosage is prone to errors, resulting in uneven distribution of soil salinity after improvement, with some areas failing to achieve the expected improvement effect. 3. Lack of monitoring: Traditional processes lack a real-time monitoring and feedback mechanism for soil improvement effects. When salinization occurs, construction parameters cannot be adjusted in time, increasing the risk of improvement failure. To address these problems, this invention proposes an integrated device that improves the efficiency and quality of saline-alkali land improvement through a closed-loop control system of intelligent detection, precise sand mixing, efficient mixing, and salt leaching drainage. Utility Model Content

[0003] One object of this invention is to solve at least the problems described above and to provide at least the advantages that will be explained later.

[0004] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to this utility model, an integrated equipment for improving saline-alkali land by sand mixing is provided, comprising: a frame with wheel assemblies respectively provided at both ends of its bottom; a detection device, a sand mixing device, a thickness measuring device, and a spraying device sequentially arranged on the frame along the direction of travel; a front crushing wheel and a rear mixing wheel respectively provided at the front and rear ends of the frame along the direction of travel; the detection device includes an EC sensor array disposed at the bottom of the frame; the sand mixing device includes a material box disposed on the frame and a conveying device and a spreading device disposed below the material box, the bottom of the material box having an outlet at one end facing the conveying device, and the spreading device being disposed below the other end of the conveying device; the thickness measuring device being disposed behind the sand mixing device for measuring the thickness of the sand layer after sand mixing; the spraying device includes a water tank disposed on the frame, a water pump disposed at the outlet of the water tank, and a sprinkler belt connected to the water pump; the sprinkler belt is provided with multiple nozzles facing the ground.

[0005] Preferably, the front crusher wheel includes a front axle that is perpendicular to the travel direction of the frame, and six sets of serrated blades are arranged circumferentially on the front axle, and the six sets of serrated blades are arranged in a spiral.

[0006] Preferably, the rear hybrid wheel includes a rear axle that is perpendicular to the travel direction of the frame, and 12 sets of crescent-shaped blades are arranged parallel to the rear axle along its circumference.

[0007] Preferably, the vehicle frame is provided with hydraulic cylinders at both the front and rear ends along the direction of travel. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The front crushing wheel and the rear mixing wheel are rotatably connected to the corresponding mounting frames.

[0008] Preferably, the material conveying device is a horizontal conveyor belt, the material spreading device is a spreading disc, and a rotating shaft is provided at the center of the top surface of the spreading disc, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the frame.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness measuring device is a laser ranging radar.

[0010] Preferably, the outlet of the water pump is connected to at least two of the irrigation tapes via a pipeline, and the irrigation tapes are polyethylene pipes.

[0011] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0012] This utility model provides an integrated sand-mixing improvement device for saline-alkali land. First, a front crushing wheel breaks up the salt crust. Then, a detection device monitors the soil conductivity in real time, adjusting the sand mixing amount accordingly. Next, a sand mixing device achieves quantitative and uniform sand distribution, and a thickness measuring device monitors the sand layer thickness to ensure the actual mixing thickness is close to the theoretical value, avoiding local over- or under-mixing. Then, a spraying device reduces salinity, and finally, a rear mixing wheel performs deep mixing to ensure uniform sand-soil mixing. This integrated sand-mixing improvement device for saline-alkali land solves the problems of low efficiency and increased energy consumption caused by multi-device collaborative operation; low precision in manually controlling the sand mixing amount and uneven soil improvement; and the lack of real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment mechanisms during construction. It effectively improves the efficiency and quality of saline-alkali land improvement.

[0013] Other advantages, objectives and features of this invention will be partly apparent from the following description, and partly understood by those skilled in the art through study and practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a side view of the integrated equipment for improving saline-alkali land with sand as described in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0016] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of this utility model, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides an integrated equipment for improving saline-alkali land by adding sand, including: a frame 6, with wheel assemblies 4 respectively installed at both ends of its bottom; a detection device, a sand-adding device 7, a thickness measuring device 18, and a spraying device 10 are sequentially arranged on the frame 6 along the direction of travel; a front crushing wheel and a rear mixing wheel are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the frame 6 along the direction of travel; the detection device includes an EC sensor array 5 installed at the bottom of the frame 6; the sand-adding device 7 includes a material box 19 installed on the frame 6 and a material box 19 installed on the material box 19. The material conveying device 8 and the material spreading device 9 are located below the material box 19. The bottom of the material box 19 is provided with a discharge port at one end of the material conveying device 8, and the material spreading device 9 is located below the other end of the material conveying device 8. The thickness measuring device 18 is located behind the sand mixing device and is used to measure the thickness of the sand layer after sand mixing. The spraying device 10 includes a water tank 17 installed on the frame 6, a water pump 12 installed at the water outlet of the water tank 17, and a spray irrigation belt 11 connected to the water pump 12. The spray irrigation belt is provided with a plurality of nozzles 13 facing the ground.

[0018] In this technical solution, the vehicle frame 6 moves via the front and rear wheel assemblies 4. The wheel assemblies 4 employ a conventional vehicle wheel structure, including at least a pair of wheels, a drive unit, and a transmission unit, enabling the vehicle frame 6 to perform conventional functions such as forward movement, backward movement, and turning. The front crushing wheel is positioned at the very front of the vehicle frame 6 to crush the salt crust layer. Soil electrical conductivity (EC) data is then collected by the detection device. The EC sensor array 5 includes at least six laterally distributed EC sensors with a detection depth of 0–50 cm. The EC sensor array 5 can be fixedly connected to the vehicle frame 6 via a bracket. By detecting the electrical conductivity data in real time through the detection device, the amount of sand mixed in can be dynamically calculated using the following formula:

[0019] (1)

[0020] In equation (1), Q tTheoretical sand content (kg); P s This is the soil bulk density (kg / m³, default value is 1.3×10³).

[0021] D is the depth of the modified layer (m, default value is 0.5); EC c For real-time detection of conductivity (mS / cm); EC t Target conductivity (mS / cm, default value ≤2.0); EC s 1 is the EC value of the sand itself (mS / cm); μ is the sand-soil mixing efficiency coefficient (0.7-0.9, dynamically adjusted according to the clay content of the soil); A is the working area (m²).

[0022] After obtaining the theoretical sand mixing amount, the actual sand mixing amount is controlled by adjusting the conveying rate of the conveying device 8 and the spreading rate of the spreading device 9 in the sand mixing device 7. Simultaneously, a thickness measuring device is installed behind the sand mixing device 7 to measure the actual sand layer thickness. Then, the travel speed of the vehicle frame 6 is adjusted according to the theoretical sand mixing amount to further control the actual sand mixing amount. Specifically:

[0023] (2)

[0024] In equation (2), Q r The actual amount of sand mixed in (kg); W is the coverage width (m); v is the travel speed of the vehicle frame 6 (m / s); ρ s The density of the sand (kg / m3); h r The thickness of the sand layer (m) is obtained by the thickness measuring device; t is the running time (s). By adjusting the travel speed of the vehicle frame 6, the actual sand mixing amount is made to be consistent with the theoretical sand mixing amount.

[0025] The spraying device 10 is used to spray water into the sand-mixed soil layer to leach out the salts in the soil. The inlet of the water pump is connected to the outlet of the water tank, and the outlet of the water pump is connected to the sprinkler belt through a pipeline, thereby spraying the water stored in the water tank onto the ground through each of the nozzles 13. The water pump 12 controls the amount of water sprayed, which is determined according to the moisture level of the soil surface. Finally, the rear mixing wheel located at the rear end of the frame 6 deeply mixes the sand and soil.

[0026] In another technical solution, the front crushing wheel includes a front axle 2 positioned perpendicular to the traveling direction of the frame 6. Six sets of serrated blades 1 are arranged circumferentially on the front axle 2, and these six sets of serrated blades 1 are spirally arranged. Each set of serrated blades includes multiple serrated blades 1 arranged longitudinally along the front axle 2. Preferably, the phase difference between two adjacent sets of serrated blades 1 is 60°, the axial spacing is 200 mm, and the pitch is 1200 mm. The parameters of the serrated blade 1 are: length 250 mm, tooth spacing 20 mm, tooth depth 15 mm, and installation tilt angle 15°.

[0027] In another technical solution, the rear hybrid wheel includes a rear axle 14 arranged perpendicular to the travel direction of the frame 6, and 12 sets of crescent-shaped blades 15 are arranged parallel to each other along the circumference of the rear axle 14. Preferably, the 12 sets of crescent-shaped blades 15 are evenly distributed with an axial spacing of 150 mm; the parameters of the crescent-shaped blades are: radius of curvature 80 mm and thickness 10 mm.

[0028] Both the serrated blade 1 and the crescent-shaped blade 15 are internally embedded with PTC heating wires, with an operating temperature range of 50–80℃; both are externally coated with an alumina ceramic coating as an insulating layer.

[0029] In another technical solution, hydraulic cylinders 3 are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the vehicle frame 6 along the direction of travel. One end of each hydraulic cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame 6, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting frame 16. The front crushing wheel and the rear mixing wheel are rotatably connected to their respective mounting frames 16. The tillage depth of the front crushing wheel and the rear mixing wheel can be adjusted by the hydraulic cylinders 3. The mounting frame 16 is used to mount the front crushing wheel and the rear mixing wheel, and the drive motor, reducer, and other structures that drive the front crushing wheel and the rear mixing wheel are also mounted on the mounting frame 16.

[0030] In another technical solution, the conveying device 8 is a horizontal conveyor belt, and the spreading device 9 is a spreading disc. A rotating shaft is located at the center of the top surface of the spreading disc, and this shaft is rotatably connected to the frame 6. The horizontal conveyor belt can be a conventional belt conveyor, with its drive unit mounted on the frame 6. The rotating shaft is driven by a variable frequency motor mounted on the frame 6, which in turn drives the spreading disc to rotate, evenly spreading the sand. A certain amount of sand is stored in the material bin 19, falls through the bottom outlet onto the horizontal conveyor belt, and is then conveyed by the horizontal conveyor belt to the spreading disc for spreading. The spreading radius can be adjusted by controlling the rotation speed of the spreading disc. Furthermore, a valve is provided at the outlet of the material bin 19.

[0031] In another technical solution, the thickness measuring device 18 is a laser ranging radar, whose preferred parameters are a scanning frequency of 100 Hz and a measurement accuracy of ±1 mm. By detecting the change in the distance between the measuring end and the ground, the thickness of the sand layer is detected in real time, so as to achieve uniform distribution of sand and avoid local over- or under-saturation.

[0032] In another technical solution, the outlet of the water pump 12 is connected to at least two irrigation hoses 11 via pipelines. The irrigation hoses 11 are polyethylene pipes. The two irrigation hoses 11 are arranged front-to-back along the travel direction of the vehicle frame, or spaced laterally. The irrigation hoses 11 are made of corrosion-resistant polyethylene (PE) material, preferably with a pipe diameter of 16–20 mm, a wall thickness of 0.8–1.2 mm, and a pressure resistance range of 0.1–0.3 MPa. Each of the nozzles 13 can be a miniature nozzle, evenly distributed along the polyethylene pipe. The water tank 17 stores a certain amount of water, which is output to each of the nozzles 13 through the water pump 12 for spraying operations.

[0033] Although the embodiments of this utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, this utility model is not limited to the specific details and the illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A saline-alkali soil sand-mixing and improvement integrated device, characterized in that, include: The vehicle frame has wheel assemblies at both ends of its bottom. Along the direction of travel, a detection device, a sand-mixing device, a thickness measuring device, and a spraying device are sequentially arranged on the frame. A front crushing wheel and a rear mixing wheel are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the frame along the direction of travel. The detection device includes an EC sensor array located at the bottom of the frame. The sand-mixing device includes a material hopper on the frame and a conveying device and a spreading device located below the material hopper. The bottom of the material hopper has an outlet at one end facing the conveying device, and the spreading device is located below the other end of the conveying device. The thickness measuring device is located behind the sand-mixing device and is used to measure the thickness of the sand layer after mixing. The spraying device includes a water tank on the frame, a water pump at the outlet of the water tank, and a sprinkler belt connected to the water pump. Multiple nozzles facing the ground are arranged on the sprinkler belt.

2. The integrated device for saline-alkali soil sand mixing and improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front crushing wheel includes a front axle that is perpendicular to the travel direction of the frame. Six sets of serrated blades are arranged circumferentially on the front axle, and the six sets of serrated blades are arranged in a spiral.

3. The integrated device for saline-alkali soil sand mixing and improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rear hybrid wheel includes a rear axle that is perpendicular to the direction of travel of the frame, and 12 sets of crescent-shaped blades are arranged parallel to the rear axle along its circumference.

4. The salinized land sand-mixing and improving integrated apparatus of claim 1, wherein the sand-mixing and improving integrated apparatus is characterized by, The vehicle frame is equipped with hydraulic cylinders at both the front and rear ends along the direction of travel. One end of each hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the vehicle frame, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting frame. The front crushing wheel and the rear mixing wheel are rotatably connected to their respective mounting frames.

5. The integrated equipment for improving saline-alkali land by adding sand as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The material conveying device is a horizontal conveyor belt, and the material spreading device is a spreading disc. A rotating shaft is provided at the center of the top surface of the spreading disc, and the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the vehicle frame.

6. The integrated equipment for improving saline-alkali land by adding sand as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness measuring device is a laser ranging radar.

7. The integrated equipment for improving saline-alkali land by adding sand as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the water pump is connected to at least two of the sprinkler belts via a pipeline, and the sprinkler belts are polyethylene pipes.

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