Material diversion structure of solid waste sorting machine

Abstract

The material diversion structure of the solid waste sorting machine provided by this utility model includes a frame with a main channel. One end of the main channel is the material input end, and the other end is the main output end. A branch channel is provided above the main channel, and two diversion windows are opened between the branch channel and the main channel. Diversion plate mechanisms are connected to the diversion windows, and two first airflow generating devices are provided above the corresponding diversion plate mechanisms. A second airflow generating device is provided at the end of the branch channel near the material input end, and a branch output end is provided at the other end. The beneficial effects of this utility model are: using controllable airflow as the sorting medium, and based on the principles of aerodynamics and the settling law of solid waste in the air, the material is sorted according to density and particle size, improving the accuracy and efficiency of sorting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model mainly relates to the field of solid waste treatment equipment technology, specifically to a material diversion structure for a solid waste sorting machine. Background Technology

[0002] With industrial development and improved living standards, the output of solid waste is increasing daily. Solid waste sorting is a crucial step in the solid waste treatment process. By classifying, recycling, and reusing solid waste, resources can be effectively saved and environmental pollution reduced. Currently, solid waste sorting typically requires separation based on material density and particle size. Existing sorting equipment has some shortcomings in its material diversion structure, such as susceptibility to clogging, difficulty in cleaning, and large space requirements, leading to low sorting efficiency and affecting the effectiveness of solid waste treatment.

[0003] It should be noted that the above content falls within the scope of the inventor's technical knowledge. Due to the vast and complex nature of the technical content in this field, the above content of this application does not necessarily constitute prior art. Utility Model Content

[0004] 1. The technical problem to be solved by the utility model:

[0005] This utility model provides a material diversion structure for a solid waste sorting machine to solve the technical problems existing in the background art.

[0006] 2. Technical Solution:

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: a material diversion structure for a solid waste sorting machine, including a frame, a main channel on the frame, one end of the main channel being a material input end and the other end being a main output end, a branch channel above the main channel, two diversion windows between the branch channel and the main channel, a diversion plate mechanism connected to the diversion window, two first airflow generating devices above the diversion plate mechanism, a second airflow generating device at one end of the branch channel near the material input end, and a branch output end at the other end.

[0008] Furthermore, a conveyor belt is provided in the main channel, and side guards are also provided on both sides of the conveyor belt in the main channel.

[0009] Furthermore, the diverter mechanism includes a diverter plate, which has a gate corresponding to the diverter window, and one end of the diverter plate is connected to a push-pull cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, two of the first airflow generating devices are located at the upper end of the branch channel, and the first airflow generating device includes an intake fan and an airflow regulating valve.

[0011] Furthermore, the second airflow generating device is located at one end of the branch channel. The second airflow generating device includes a compressor and an airflow regulating valve two, which have the same structure as the first airflow regulating valve.

[0012] Furthermore, the branch output end is tapered, with one end connected to an output pipe, which includes two branch output ends.

[0013] 3. Beneficial effects:

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this utility model has the following advantages:

[0015] This utility model is reasonably designed. By setting a controllable airflow as the sorting medium, it achieves the sorting of materials according to density and particle size based on the principles of aerodynamics and the settling law of solid waste in the air, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of sorting.

[0016] It should be noted that the structures not described in this utility model are the same as or can be implemented using existing technology, and will not be elaborated here, as they do not involve the design points and improvement directions of this utility model. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is another partial structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first airflow generating device of this utility model.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 1. Frame; 2. Main channel; 3. Material input end; 4. Main output end; 5. Branch channel; 6. Diverter plate mechanism; 601. Diverter plate; 602. Gate; 603. Push-pull cylinder; 7. First airflow generating device; 701. Suction fan; 702. Airflow regulating valve one; 8. Second airflow generating device; 801. Compressor fan; 802. Airflow regulating valve two; 9. Branch output end; 10. Conveyor belt; 11. Side brush; 12. Diverter window; 13. Output pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To facilitate understanding of this utility model, a more comprehensive description of the utility model will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show several embodiments of the utility model. However, the utility model can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of the utility model will be more thorough and complete.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "page", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "linked," "fixed," "provided with," and "located in" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances. Example

[0027] See attached document Figure 1-4 The solid waste sorting machine material diversion structure includes a frame 1, a main channel 2 on the frame 1, one end of the main channel 2 is a material input end 3, and the other end is a main output end 4. A branch channel 5 is provided above the main channel 2. Two diversion windows 12 are opened between the branch channel 5 and the main channel 2. A diversion plate mechanism 6 is connected to the diversion window 12. Two first airflow generating devices 7 are provided above the diversion plate mechanism 6. A second airflow generating device 8 is provided at one end of the branch channel 5 near the material input end 3, and a branch output end 9 is provided at the other end.

[0028] The main channel 2 is horizontally mounted in the middle of the frame 1. The left end is the material input end 3, which is connected to the funnel-shaped feed hopper or elevator for feeding. The right end is the main output end 4, which is used to collect heavy materials. Two rectangular diversion windows 12 are opened at intervals along the conveying direction at the top of the main channel 2, which correspond to the primary sorting and secondary sorting areas respectively. The branch channel 5 is connected above the diversion window 12. The branch channel 5 is arranged horizontally above the main channel 2.

[0029] The material conveying system has a horizontally installed conveyor belt 10 inside the main channel 2. Its drive roller group is fixed to both sides of the frame 1 through bearing seats. The motor drives the conveyor belt 10 from the material input end 3 to the main output end 4 through the chain transmission mechanism. Elastic side brushes 11 are fixed to both sides of the conveyor belt 10. The side brushes 11 adopt a composite structure of nylon bristles and rubber substrate. The distance between the bristle tip and the inner wall of the main channel 2 is controlled at 2-5mm. They are used to block the material that slides laterally during the conveying process and ensure that solid waste is stably conveyed along the central area of ​​the conveyor belt.

[0030] A diversion plate mechanism 6 is set above the two diversion windows 12: the horizontal section of the diversion plate 601 covers the diversion window 12, the lower end is embedded in the branch channel 5 and slides against the branch channel 5. The diversion plate 601 has two gates 602 that match the size of the diversion window 12. The left end of the gate is connected to the push-pull cylinder 603. When the piston rod of the push-pull cylinder 603 extends, the gate 602 is aligned with the diversion window 12 and the diversion window 12 is opened. When the piston rod retracts, the gate 602 completely covers the diversion window 12 and the channel is closed.

[0031] Two first airflow generating devices 7 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the branch channel 5, corresponding to the two diversion windows 12 directly above. Each device includes an air intake fan 701 and an airflow regulating valve 702. The air inlet of the air intake fan 701 is connected to the top of the branch channel 5 through a connecting pipe. The airflow regulating valve 702 is placed inside the connecting pipe, and the air outlet is connected to an external dust removal and filtration device. The airflow regulating valve 702 is an electric butterfly valve, and its opening degree (0-90°) can be adjusted by the PLC control system to achieve an adjustable vertical upward air intake speed of 1-5m / s. This airflow acts on the material on the conveyor belt through the diversion window 12, forming an upward aerodynamic force.

[0032] The second airflow generating device 8 is located at the left end of the branch channel 5 near the material input end 3. It includes a compressor fan 801 and an airflow regulating valve 802. The air outlet of the compressor fan 801 is connected to the left end of the branch channel 5 through a connecting pipe. The airflow regulating valve 802 is placed inside the connecting pipe. The airflow regulating valve 802 is a pneumatic diaphragm valve installed in the air outlet pipe of the fan. It can adjust the horizontal rightward blowing speed of 2-8 m / s. This airflow is superimposed with the vertical airflow formed by the suction fan 701, which pushes the sorted light material to the right along the branch channel 5.

[0033] The branch output end 9 at the right end of the branch channel 5 is designed as a tapered horn shape. Its outlet flange is connected to the flexible output pipe 13. The output pipe 13 has a built-in pneumatic switching valve (not shown) that can be switched to two branch output ends, corresponding to the primary light material collection box and the secondary secondary light material collection box, respectively, to realize the classified collection of materials of different densities. A heavy material collection box is set below the main output end 4 of the main channel 2 to receive heavy objects such as bricks and metals that have not been sorted by the airflow.

[0034] The operating principle is as follows:

[0035] The solid waste material is fed into the conveyor belt 10 from the material input end 3 and is conveyed at a constant speed to the right diversion window 12 along with the conveyor belt 10. The side guards 11 on both sides ensure that the material is kept in the center area of ​​the conveyor belt to avoid tipping over and scattering.

[0036] First-stage airflow sorting: When the material reaches the first diversion window 12, the push-pull cylinder 603 is pushed out, and the gate 602 is aligned with the diversion window 12 to form an upward material channel. The suction fan 701 is started, generating an upward controllable airflow through the diversion window 12. The wind speed is preset according to the material density. Lighter materials with lower density (such as plastic bags and films) are sucked into the branch channel 5 because the aerodynamic force is greater than the gravity. Heavier materials (such as beverage bottles and small stones) continue to be conveyed to the right by the conveyor belt because the aerodynamic force is insufficient. The compressor fan 801 at the beginning starts, generating a horizontally rightward propulsion airflow, which combines with the vertical suction airflow to form a compound airflow that is obliquely upward to the right, pushing the material along the branch channel 5 to the branch output end 9. The airflow regulating valve 802 dynamically adjusts the wind speed according to the material conveying distance to ensure that the material is conveyed without blockage in the branch channel. When the material reaches the branch output end 9, the pneumatic switching valve guides the material into the collection box of the corresponding diversion output end.

[0037] Secondary airflow sorting: When the lightest materials (such as slightly thicker paper sheets or smaller films) that were not sorted in the first stage reach the second diversion window 12, the above sorting process is repeated: the second set of suction fans 701 are started, the wind speed is adjusted to adapt to the sorting of lightest materials, and the lightest materials are sucked into the branch channel 5.

[0038] The heaviest materials (such as metal blocks and bricks) eventually fall from the main output end 4 into the heavy material collection box.

[0039] The flow divider switching control push-pull cylinder 603 is linked with the suction fan 701 and the compressor fan 801 through the PLC control system configured in the equipment: when the suction fan starts, the cylinder piston rod extends to open the gate; when the sorting of this area is completed, the cylinder piston rod retracts to close the gate, preventing subsequent materials from entering the branch channel that has been sorted, thus realizing time-sharing flow control.

[0040] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of certain implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed. However, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A material diversion structure for a solid waste sorter, characterised in that: Includes a frame (1), on which a main channel (2) is provided, one end of which is a material input end (3) and the other end is a main output end (4). A branch channel (5) is provided above the main channel (2), and two diversion windows (12) are opened between the branch channel (5) and the main channel (2). A diversion plate mechanism (6) is connected to the diversion window (12), and two first airflow generating devices (7) are provided above the diversion plate mechanism (6). A second airflow generating device (8) is provided at one end of the branch channel (5) near the material input end (3), and a branch output end (9) is provided at the other end.

2. The solid waste sorter material diversion structure of claim 1, wherein: The main channel (2) is provided with a conveyor belt (10), and side guards (11) are also provided on both sides of the main channel (2) close to the conveyor belt (10).

3. The material diversion structure of the solid waste sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diverter mechanism (6) includes a diverter plate (601), on which a gate (602) corresponding to the diverter window (12) is provided, and a push-pull cylinder (603) is connected to one end of the diverter plate (601).

4. The material diversion structure of the solid waste sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first airflow generating devices (7) are located at the upper end of the branch channel (5). The first airflow generating device (7) includes an intake fan (701) and an airflow regulating valve (702).

5. The material diversion structure of the solid waste sorting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second airflow generating device (8) is located at one end of the branch channel (5). The second airflow generating device (8) includes a compressor (801) and an airflow regulating valve (802). The second airflow regulating valve (802) and the first airflow regulating valve (702) have the same structure.

6. The material diversion structure of the solid waste sorting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The branch output end (9) is tapered, and one end of it is connected to an output pipe (13), which includes two branch output ends.

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