3D laser metal cutting machine

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of laser processing equipment, and more particularly to a three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine, including a machine tool and air pipes. The machine tool is equipped with a gantry that moves back and forth. A laser cutter that moves left and right is mounted on the front side of the gantry. An air inlet hood is connected to the front side of the gantry, and a dust collector is mounted on the top of the gantry. One end of the air pipe is connected to the dust collector, and the other end is connected to the air inlet hood. A dual-axis motor is mounted in the middle of the air inlet hood, with drive shafts connected to both ends. A guide fan is mounted on the drive shaft, and the air outlet direction of the guide fan is aligned with the air pipe port. The gantry is equipped with protective components to block cutting debris. Through the linkage of a baffle and a stepper motor, the baffle swings vertically downward to form a semi-enclosed space, forcibly guiding the dust-laden exhaust gas into the air inlet hood. Combined with the controllable gap at the bottom of the baffle to draw in external cold air, this achieves efficient capture of exhaust gas and real-time cooling of the cutting area, curbing the spread of pollutants at the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laser processing equipment, and in particular to a three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting technology utilizes a high-energy-density laser beam to irradiate a metal surface, causing the material to rapidly melt, vaporize, or ignite. Simultaneously, a coaxial auxiliary gas is used to blow away the molten material, thus achieving precise separation of the metal. With its advantages of non-contact processing, high-quality cuts, and adaptability to complex shapes, this technology has become a core method for cutting metal sheets and components in modern manufacturing. It is widely used in automotive manufacturing, aerospace, and machinery equipment, significantly improving production efficiency and processing accuracy.

[0003] Existing 3D laser metal cutting equipment typically employs a multi-axis linkage mechanical structure. By controlling the translation of the laser head in the X, Y, and Z directions and its rotation around the axes, it achieves trajectory tracking and cutting of the 3D curved surface of the metal workpiece. This type of equipment relies on a precision CNC system, capable of generating cutting paths based on preset 3D model data, completing high-precision machining of irregularly shaped components, and meeting the customized needs of industrial fields for complex spatial geometries.

[0004] However, existing 3D laser cutting systems have significant drawbacks during operation: Severe emission of harmful gases: When the high temperature of the laser acts on metal, the auxiliary gas reacts with the molten metal to generate large amounts of metal vapor and dust, along with harmful byproducts such as ozone and nitrogen oxides. Existing equipment often uses open or localized negative pressure suction methods, making it difficult to completely capture the escaping gases, leading to the diffusion of pollutants into the workshop environment; Increased pollution from large-scale production: To meet the demands of mass production, factories typically deploy multiple cutting machines densely and operate them continuously for extended periods. While the gas emissions from a single machine are limited, the total amount of pollutants increases dramatically when multiple machines operate in tandem, far exceeding the processing capacity of conventional ventilation systems. This causes a deterioration in workshop air quality, harms the health of operators, and requires additional investment in waste gas purification. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the drawback of harmful gas emission, this invention provides a three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine, which aims to solve the above-mentioned shortcomings.

[0006] A three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine includes a machine tool and an air pipe. The machine tool is equipped with a gantry that moves back and forth. A laser cutter that moves left and right is installed on the front side of the gantry. An air inlet hood is connected to the front side of the gantry. A fume processor is installed on the top of the gantry. One end of the air pipe is connected to the fume processor, and the other end is connected to the air inlet hood. A dual-axis motor is installed in the middle of the air inlet hood. Both ends of the dual-axis motor are connected to drive shafts. A guide fan is installed on the drive shaft. The air outlet direction of the guide fan is aligned with the port of the air pipe. The gantry is equipped with a protective component for blocking cutting debris.

[0007] To further explain, the protective component includes a baffle, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the top front side of the gantry, a stepper motor is mounted on the gantry, the output shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the end of the rotating shaft, one end of the baffle is connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is close to the machine tool.

[0008] To further explain, the baffle is a light-blocking plate as a whole, and the straight part of the baffle is provided with an observation window made of transparent material.

[0009] Further explanation includes a roller support, which is slidably connected to the bottom of the gantry frame. A round rod is provided at the top of the roller support to limit the sliding direction. A roller is rotatably connected to the bottom of the roller support. A spring is sleeved on the round rod at the top of the roller support. One end of the spring is connected to the roller support, and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft.

[0010] To further explain, the machine tool is equipped with several adjustable feet at its bottom.

[0011] To further explain, a light is installed at the lower end of the laser cutter.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0013] 1. By linking the baffle with the stepper motor, the baffle swings vertically downward to form a semi-enclosed space, which forces the dust-laden exhaust gas to flow into the air inlet hood. Combined with the controllable gap at the bottom of the baffle to draw in external cold air, the exhaust gas is efficiently captured and the cutting zone is cooled in real time, thus curbing the spread of pollutants from the source.

[0014] 2. By synchronously driving dual guide fans with dual-axis motors, a high-intensity convective airflow field is formed in the middle of the air inlet hood, which significantly improves the exhaust gas extraction speed. Combined with the replaceable filter element of the dust processor for graded purification, zero pollution superposition is achieved when multiple units work together, completely eliminating the environmental burden on the workshop. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the baffle and observation window of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dual-axis motor, guide fan, and air pipe of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the roller support and the spring of this utility model.

[0019] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1: Machine tool, 2: Gantry, 3: Laser cutter, 4: Dual-axis motor, 5: Guide fan, 6: Drive shaft, 7: Air pipe, 8: Smoke and dust processor, 9: Air inlet hood, 10: Baffle, 11: Stepper motor, 12: Rotating shaft, 13: Observation window, 14: Roller support, 15: Spring, 16: Adjustable foot, 17: Lighting lamp. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] Example: Three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, the system includes a machine tool 1, a gantry 2, a laser cutter 3, a dual-axis motor 4, a guide fan 5, a drive shaft 6, an air pipe 7, a fume processor 8, an air inlet hood 9, and protective components. The machine tool 1 is equipped with a gantry 2 that moves back and forth. A laser cutter 3 that moves left and right is mounted on the front of the gantry 2. The machine tool 1 drives the gantry 2 to move back and forth, while the laser cutter 3 moves left and right on the gantry 2 and controls the three-dimensional deflection of the laser beam to cut metal. An air inlet hood 9 is connected to the front of the gantry 2, and a filter is connected to the opening of the air inlet hood 9. The air inlet hood 9 draws in dust-laden exhaust gas under negative pressure, and large particles are intercepted by the filter. A fume processor 8 is mounted on the top of the gantry 2. The dust collector 8 is equipped with a replaceable filter element. One end of the air pipe 7 is connected to the dust collector 8, and the other end is connected to the air inlet hood 9. A dual-axis motor 4 is installed in the middle of the air inlet hood 9. Both ends of the dual-axis motor 4 are connected to the drive shaft 6. A guide fan 5 is installed on the drive shaft 6. The air outlet direction of the guide fan 5 is aligned with the port of the air pipe 7. The dual-axis motor 4 drives the guide fan 5 to rotate through the drive shaft 6, pressurizing the airflow and pumping it into the dust collector 8 through the pipeline for multi-stage filtration. The gantry 2 is equipped with a protective component to block cutting debris. The dust collector 8 has a replaceable filter element, and the air inlet hood 9 has a replaceable filter screen, which can adapt to different pollution loads and extend service life.

[0022] like Figures 1-3As shown, the protective assembly includes a baffle 10, a stepper motor 11, and a rotating shaft 12. The rotating shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the top front side of the gantry 2. The stepper motor 11 is mounted on the gantry 2. The output shaft of the stepper motor 11 is connected to the end of the rotating shaft 12. One end of the baffle 10 is connected to the rotating shaft 12, and the other end is close to the machine tool 1. The stepper motor 11 drives the rotating shaft 12 to rotate, causing the baffle 10 to swing from a horizontal position to a vertical position. During processing, the baffle 10 and the observation window 13 form a semi-enclosed space, forcing the exhaust air to flow towards the air inlet hood 9. External cold air is drawn in from the gap to cool down.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, it also includes an observation window 13. The baffle 10 is a light-blocking plate. The straight part of the baffle 10 is provided with an observation window 13 made of transparent material. The baffle 10 provides a complete field of view for positioning the workpiece before processing.

[0024] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a roller support 14 and a spring 15. The roller support 14 is slidably connected to the bottom of the gantry frame 2. A round rod is provided on the top of the roller support 14 to limit the sliding direction. A roller is rotatably connected to the bottom of the roller support 14. A spring 15 is sleeved on the round rod at the top of the roller support 14. One end of the spring 15 is connected to the roller support 14, and the other end is fixed to the bottom of the gantry frame 2.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes adjustable feet 16. Several adjustable feet 16 are installed at the bottom of the machine tool 1, which can independently extend and retract to compensate for unevenness of the ground and prevent the cutting path from deviating due to tilt.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, it also includes a lighting lamp 17. The lower end of the laser cutter 3 is equipped with a lighting lamp 17, which projects a shadowless light source onto the cutting area.

[0027] The operator places the metal material to be processed on machine tool 1, then turns on machine tool 1 and laser cutter 3. Machine tool 1 drives gantry 2 to move back and forth, while laser cutter 3 moves left and right on gantry 2. At the same time, laser cutter 3 controls the rotation of laser emitter. The gas generated by laser cutting is sucked into air inlet hood 9. Dual-axis motor 4 drives transmission shaft 6 and guide fan 5 to rotate. Guide fan 5 blows the airflow in air inlet hood 9 towards air pipe 7, and enters the dust collector 8 through air pipe 7, thereby completing the purification and filtration of the gas. Large metal fragments are blocked by the filter screen of air inlet hood 9, and finally safe gas is discharged. The filter element inside dust collector 8 is replaceable, and the filter screen connected to air inlet hood 9 is also replaceable, extending service life while ensuring purification effect.

[0028] Before cutting, stepper motor 11 is turned on, controlling the rotation angle of rotating shaft 12, thereby rotating rotating shaft 12 and baffle 10, ensuring that the lower end of baffle 10 is vertical. Before processing, the operator can observe the internal situation through observation window 13. After cutting begins, the operator can observe through the rest of baffle 10 to protect their eyes. At the same time, baffle 10 and observation window 13 can restrict gas escape, keeping the gas sealed between gantry 2 and baffle 10. When air inlet hood 9 draws in airflow, external airflow enters from the gap between baffle 10 and machine tool 1, optimizing the airflow purification rate. Moreover, the continuously entering cold airflow can quickly cool the metal. After cutting, stepper motor 11 is turned on, driving rotating shaft 12 to rotate in the reverse direction, restoring baffle 10 to the horizontal position, without obstructing the internal structure.

[0029] When the gantry 2 moves back and forth, the roller support 14 moves with the gantry 2. The roller at the bottom of the roller support 14 rotates, which stabilizes the movement of the gantry 2 without increasing friction or causing scratches on the metal surface. The height of the roller support 14 is adjusted by the spring 15 to ensure the support effect on the gantry 2.

[0030] The lighting 17 and the laser cutter 3 are turned on simultaneously, which makes it convenient for the staff to observe the processing. When installing the machine tool 1, each adjusting foot 16 can be adjusted individually to compensate for the flatness of the placement surface.

[0031] Although this disclosure has been described with respect to only a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art who benefit from this disclosure will understand that various other embodiments can be devised without departing from the scope of this invention. Therefore, the scope of this invention should be limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine, characterized by: machine tool( 1) and air pipe (7), the machine tool (1) is equipped with a gantry (2) that moves back and forth, a laser cutter (3) that moves left and right is installed on the front side of the gantry (2), an air inlet hood (9) is connected to the front side of the gantry (2), a dust processor (8) is installed on the top of the gantry (2), one end of the air pipe (7) is connected to the dust processor (8), and the other end is connected to the air inlet hood (9), a dual-axis motor (4) is installed in the middle of the air inlet hood (9), both ends of the dual-axis motor (4) are connected to a drive shaft (6), a guide fan (5) is installed on the drive shaft (6), the air outlet direction of the guide fan (5) is aligned with the port of the air pipe (7), and the gantry (2) is equipped with a protective component for blocking cutting debris.

2. The three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective assembly includes a baffle (10), a rotating shaft (12) is rotatably connected to the top front side of the gantry (2), a stepper motor (11) is mounted on the gantry (2), the output shaft of the stepper motor (11) is connected to the end of the rotating shaft (12), one end of the baffle (10) is connected to the rotating shaft (12), and the other end is close to the machine tool (1).

3. The three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle (10) is a light-blocking plate, and the straight part of the baffle (10) is provided with a transparent observation window (13).

4. The three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a roller support (14), which is slidably connected to the bottom of the gantry frame (2). A round rod restricting the sliding direction is provided on the top of the roller support (14). A roller is rotatably connected to the bottom of the roller support (14). A spring (15) is sleeved on the round rod at the top of the roller support (14). One end of the spring (15) is connected to the roller support (14), and the other end is connected to the rotating shaft (12).

5. The three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: The machine tool (1) is equipped with several adjusting feet (16) at its bottom.

6. The three-dimensional laser metal cutting machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lighting lamp (17) is installed at the lower end of the laser cutter (3).

Images