A dam-backed seepage monitoring facility
By setting up a water measuring weir in the retaining wall corridor and utilizing the design of closed gates, drainage ditches and water collection culverts, the problem of water freezing in frigid regions was solved, and the reliability of the seepage monitoring facilities behind the dam and the stability of the retaining wall were achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- POWERCHINA HUADONG ENG CORP LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
In frigid regions, the leakage monitoring data from the downstream seepage monitoring facilities is distorted due to water freezing, affecting the stability of the retaining wall and the reliability of the observation.
A water measuring weir is set up in the corridor of the retaining wall, and a closed space is formed by the closed door. Combined with drainage ditches and water collection culverts, the insulation layer and water-repellent coating are used to prevent the water from freezing and enhance the insulation effect.
This effectively prevented the water from freezing, ensured the reliability of the water measurement weir data, and guaranteed the stability and normal operation of the retaining wall.
Smart Images
Figure CN224281388U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of seepage monitoring technology for earth-rock dams, specifically to a seepage monitoring facility downstream of a dam. Background Technology
[0002] Constructing a flow-measuring weir downstream of an earth-rock dam for seepage monitoring is crucial for ensuring the dam's safe operation. The method involves building a low retaining wall downstream of the dam, creating a sump, and then using a flow-measuring weir with pre-existing flow gaps in the retaining wall for flow monitoring. In frigid regions, winter temperatures are extremely low, and ice accumulation can distort the weir's monitoring data. This is especially true for dams built at the mouth of gullies to form reservoirs, where there is insufficient water in the downstream gully, and the sump upstream of the retaining wall is small due to topographical factors. This can easily lead to the formation of thick ice layers, potentially affecting the stability of the retaining wall. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides a seepage monitoring facility downstream of a dam, which can effectively prevent water freezing and ensure the reliability of the water measurement weir observation results.
[0004] The dam downstream leakage monitoring facilities provided in this application include:
[0005] A retaining wall is located on the downstream side of the dam body. A gallery and a measuring weir are provided inside the retaining wall. The gallery extends in the upstream and downstream direction and passes through the retaining wall. The measuring weir is located in the gallery. A door capable of opening and closing the gallery is provided on the downstream side of the measuring weir.
[0006] A water collection box culvert is located between the dam body and the retaining wall. A permeable body with large stones is provided between the water collection box culvert and the dam body. The water collection box culvert has a water collection cavity, which is connected to the corridor.
[0007] In addition, the seepage monitoring facility provided in this application may also have the following additional technical features:
[0008] In one alternative embodiment, the measuring weir is located on the side of the corridor near the water collection culvert, and a drainage ditch is provided in the corridor on the downstream side of the measuring weir. The drainage ditch extends to the downstream side of the corridor, the slope of the drainage ditch is not less than 5%, and at least a portion of the wall surface of the drainage ditch is coated with a water-repellent waterproof coating.
[0009] In one alternative, the foundation of the retaining wall extends vertically and is at least partially buried below the frost line, and the foundation is grouted. A foundation pit with backfill concrete is provided on the downstream side of the retaining wall. The bottom of the corridor extends horizontally, and the drainage width of the drainage ditch is not less than the drainage width of the measuring weir at maximum flow.
[0010] In one alternative, the water collection culvert is provided with a steel grating on the side facing the large permeable stone, and the side wall of the water collection culvert is provided with multiple drainage holes. The bottom elevation of the water collection culvert is lower than the bottom elevation of the corridor, forming a water collection pit, and the height of the water collection pit is not less than 1m.
[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the water collection culvert is provided with a plurality of support columns, which are configured to support the water collection culvert and allow seepage water to enter the water collection cavity.
[0012] In one alternative, the large permeable boulders can cover the sides and top of the water collection culvert, and the top of the large permeable boulders is covered with an insulation layer, which includes a crushed stone cushion layer and an insulation covering soil layer laid in sequence, wherein the insulation covering soil layer is filled sand and / or planting soil.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:
[0014] The seepage monitoring facility behind the dam in this application sets up the water measuring weir inside the corridor of the retaining wall, and forms a relatively closed space through a closed door that can open and close the corridor. This reduces the heat exchange between the internal seepage water and the outside, and can play a good heat preservation role in winter, thereby effectively preventing the water from freezing and ensuring the reliability of the water measuring weir observation results.
[0015] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are merely exemplary and do not limit this application. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the seepage monitoring facility behind the dam provided in this application;
[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the plan layout of the retaining wall and water collection culvert provided for this application;
[0018] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the retaining wall along the axis provided in this application;
[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the water collection box culvert provided in this application.
[0020] Attached reference numerals: 1. Retaining wall, 11. Corridor, 12. Weir, 13. Enclosed gate, 14. Drainage ditch, 15. Foundation, 16. Backfill concrete for foundation pit, 2. Dam body, 3. Water collection box culvert, 31. Water collection cavity, 32. Steel grating, 33. Drainage hole, 34. Support column, 4. Large permeable stone, 5. Crushed stone cushion layer, 6. Insulating soil cover layer.
[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0022] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0023] It should be understood that the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other technical solutions obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0024] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0025] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.
[0026] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" described in the embodiments of this application are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.
[0027] like Figure 1-4 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a seepage monitoring facility is provided after the dam. This seepage monitoring facility can reduce the heat loss of the seepage water, ensure that the water in front of the measuring weir 12 and passing through the measuring weir 12 does not freeze, and that the water flowing out downstream does not affect the free outflow state of the measuring weir 12 after accumulating ice, thus ensuring the normal operation of the measuring weir 12 and the safety and stability of the retaining wall 1 in winter.
[0028] Specifically, the seepage monitoring facility behind the dam mainly includes a retaining wall 1 and a water collection culvert 3. The retaining wall 1 is located on the downstream side of the dam body 2. A corridor 11 and a measuring weir 12 are set inside the retaining wall 1. The corridor 11 extends in the upstream and downstream direction and runs through the retaining wall 1. The measuring weir 12 is set inside the corridor 11. The heat insulation effect of the corridor 11 is used to effectively prevent the water from freezing. A sealing door 13 that can open and close the corridor 11 is set on the downstream side of the measuring weir 12. The water collection culvert 3 is located between the dam body 2 and the retaining wall 1. A large stone permeable body 4 is set between the water collection culvert 3 and the dam body 2. The water collection culvert 3 has a water collection cavity 31, which is connected to the corridor 11.
[0029] In this embodiment, the seepage monitoring facility behind the dam sets up the water measuring weir 12 inside the corridor 11 of the retaining wall 1, and forms a relatively closed space through a closed door 13 that can open and close the corridor 11. This reduces the heat exchange between the internal seepage water and the outside, and can play a good heat preservation effect in winter, thereby effectively preventing the water from freezing and ensuring the reliability of the observation results of the water measuring weir 12.
[0030] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the measuring weir 12 is located on the side of the corridor 11 close to the water collection culvert 3. A drainage ditch 14 is provided in the corridor 11 downstream of the measuring weir 12. The drainage ditch 14 extends to the downstream side of the corridor 11. The slope of the drainage ditch 14 is not less than 5%, so that the water flow is in a rapid flow state. At least part of the wall surface of the drainage ditch 14 is coated with a water-repellent waterproof coating.
[0031] In this embodiment, the steep slope of the drainage ditch 14 is used to accelerate the water flow rate in the drainage ditch 14 and slow down the rate of ice accumulation in the drainage ditch 14. A certain slope can make the height of the drainage ditch 14 gradually increase, so that the drainage ditch 14 can still maintain drainage even under the severe cold conditions where ice accumulates at the outlet. In addition, the water-repellent waterproof coating can reduce the adhesion of ice to the structure and ensure smooth drainage in the drainage ditch 14.
[0032] like Figure 1-2 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the foundation 15 of the retaining wall 1 extends vertically and is at least partially buried below the frost layer, and the foundation 15 is grouted. A foundation pit backfill concrete 16 is provided on the downstream side of the retaining wall 1. The bottom of the corridor 11 extends horizontally, so that the height of the drainage ditch 14 gradually increases from the beginning to the end of the outlet, thereby ensuring the drainage effect. The drainage width of the drainage ditch 14 is not less than the drainage width of the measuring weir 12 at the maximum flow rate.
[0033] like Figure 1-2As shown, in one specific embodiment, the water collection culvert 3 is provided with a steel grating 32 on the side facing the large stone permeable body 4, and the side wall of the water collection culvert 3 is provided with multiple drainage holes 33. The bottom elevation of the water collection culvert 3 is lower than the bottom elevation of the corridor 11 and forms a water collection pit, the height of which is not less than 1m.
[0034] In addition, the water collection cavity 31 of the water collection box culvert 3 should cover the bottom of the entire retaining wall 1 as much as possible. When the span is large, a support column 34 can be set in the middle of the water collection box culvert 3 for support. That is, the support column 34 is configured to support the water collection box culvert 3. The support column 34 is close to the inner wall of the water collection box culvert 3. Multiple support columns 34 are arranged at intervals along the inner wall of the water collection box culvert 3. However, it must be ensured that the seepage water from the upstream dam body 2 can freely enter the box culvert and enter the corridor 11 of the retaining wall 1 through the box culvert.
[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in one specific embodiment, the large stone permeable body 4 can cover both sides and the top of the water collection culvert 3. The top of the large stone permeable body 4 is covered with an insulation layer, which includes a crushed stone cushion layer 5 and an insulation covering soil layer 6 laid in sequence. The insulation covering soil layer 6 is filled sand and / or planting soil.
[0036] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A dam downstream leakage monitoring facility, characterized in that, include: A retaining wall is located on the downstream side of the dam body. A gallery and a measuring weir are provided inside the retaining wall. The gallery extends in the upstream and downstream direction and passes through the retaining wall. The measuring weir is located in the gallery. A door capable of opening and closing the gallery is provided on the downstream side of the measuring weir. A water collection box culvert is located between the dam body and the retaining wall. A permeable body with large stones is provided between the water collection box culvert and the dam body. The water collection box culvert has a water collection cavity, which is connected to the corridor.
2. The dam downstream leakage monitoring facility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring weir is located on the side of the corridor near the water collection culvert. A drainage ditch is provided in the corridor downstream of the measuring weir. The drainage ditch extends to the downstream side of the corridor. The slope of the drainage ditch is not less than 5%, and at least part of the wall surface of the drainage ditch is coated with a water-repellent waterproof coating.
3. The dam downstream leakage monitoring facility according to claim 2, characterized in that, The foundation of the retaining wall extends vertically and is at least partially buried below the frost layer, and the foundation is grouted. A foundation pit with backfill concrete is provided on the downstream side of the retaining wall. The bottom of the corridor extends horizontally, and the drainage width of the drainage ditch is not less than the drainage width of the measuring weir at maximum flow.
4. The dam downstream leakage monitoring facility according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The water collection culvert is equipped with a steel grating on the side facing the large permeable stone. The side wall of the water collection culvert is provided with multiple drainage holes. The bottom elevation of the water collection culvert is lower than the bottom elevation of the corridor, forming a water collection pit. The height of the water collection pit is not less than 1m.
5. The dam downstream leakage monitoring facility according to claim 4, characterized in that, The water collection box culvert is equipped with multiple support columns, which are configured to support the water collection box culvert and allow seepage water to enter the water collection cavity.
6. The dam downstream leakage monitoring facility according to any one of claims 1-3 or 5, characterized in that, The permeable body made of large stones can cover the sides and top of the water collection culvert. The top of the permeable body made of large stones is covered with an insulation layer. The insulation layer includes a crushed stone cushion layer and an insulation covering soil layer laid in sequence. The insulation covering soil layer is filled sand and / or planting soil.