A cantilevered unloading platform

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of construction material unloading platform technology, providing a cantilevered unloading platform. The platform includes a lifting ring mechanism, a material platform, and a wire rope system. The pre-embedded part of the lifting ring mechanism adopts an "E"-shaped pre-embedded structure to enhance anchoring stability. The material platform consists of a triangular support system formed by crossbeams, longitudinal beams, and diagonal braces welded from channel steel and internal steel plates, improving structural strength. Weighing sensors are installed at the four corners of the platform, and shackle-type pin tension sensors are installed at the wire rope connections to achieve dual monitoring of load and tension. Through linkage analysis of sensor data by a central controller, real-time warnings of safety hazards such as overload and uneven loading can be provided. The guardrail uses modular enclosure units for easy disassembly and adaptation to different working conditions. This invention solves the problems of weak anchoring, easy structural deformation, and limited monitoring methods in traditional unloading platforms. It has advantages such as strong pull-out bearing capacity, high structural stability, and timely safety warnings, and is suitable for material transfer operations in high-rise building construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction unloading platform technology, and provides a cantilevered unloading platform. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction engineering field, unloading platforms are core equipment used on construction sites for the temporary storage and transfer of building materials, especially suitable for high-altitude operations. They are typically suspended externally from the building structure via a cantilever structure, providing material transfer space for processes such as concrete pouring, formwork installation, and steel structure hoisting. With the increasing prevalence of high-rise buildings and complex structures, unloading platforms need to withstand dynamic impact loads, adapt to changing construction environments, and meet safety requirements such as high load-bearing capacity, overturning resistance, and fall prevention. However, traditional unloading platforms have significant shortcomings in structural design, load monitoring, and safety protection, specifically manifested in the following problems:

[0003] Existing unloading platforms often use straight, pre-embedded steel bars or simple bent structures for their lifting rings, lacking a three-dimensional anchoring design. Under dynamic loads, these structures are prone to concrete cracking or complete pull-out, leading to unbalanced wire rope tension and platform overturning. Furthermore, the limited contact area between traditional lifting rings and the concrete structure makes it difficult to distribute concentrated stress, easily causing localized structural damage. Traditional cantilever beams often use single channel steel or I-beams, whose open sections are prone to localized stress concentration, especially under frequent impact loads, leading to flange twisting or web buckling. In addition, the joints between beams and longitudinal beams are often simple welds or bolts, lacking diagonal bracing reinforcement, resulting in excessive deflection at the cantilever end, uneven load distribution, and accelerated structural fatigue damage. Current technologies generally rely on manual experience to estimate material weight, lacking real-time monitoring systems. Overload and uneven loading conditions are difficult to detect in time, leading to wire rope overload breakage or platform instability. While some improved solutions introduce weighing sensors, they are not linked to wire rope tension data, making it impossible to verify the rationality of load distribution and posing a risk of misjudgment. Traditional guardrails are mostly fixed enclosures, which are complex to install and difficult to adapt to different cantilever lengths. The enclosure units lack modular design, resulting in low assembly and disassembly efficiency, and the connection strength between the base plates and the frame is insufficient, making them prone to detachment upon impact with materials, creating a risk of falling from height.

[0004] The aforementioned defects severely restrict the safety and reliability of unloading platforms. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cantilevered unloading platform with an integrated high-stability anchoring structure to overcome the shortcomings of traditional technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems existing in the background art, the present invention provides a cantilevered unloading platform, which includes:

[0006] A lifting ring mechanism, comprising an embedded part pre-embedded in the concrete structure of the building and an annular part extending above the concrete structure of the building;

[0007] The material platform is composed of several cross beams, longitudinal beams, and deck plates lapped on the cross beams and / or longitudinal beams; the cross beam includes at least two skeleton cross beams, the rear end of the skeleton cross beam is fixedly connected to the floor slab of the building through anchor bolts, and the front end extends out of the outside of the floor slab of the building; a weighing sensor is installed inside the material platform;

[0008] Steel wire ropes, one end of the steel wire rope is connected to the annular part of the hanging ring mechanism, and the other end is connected to the skeleton cross beam of the material platform; a tension sensor is installed at the connection between the steel wire rope and the skeleton cross beam.

[0009] In a preferred solution, the material platform is provided with two skeleton cross beams, each skeleton cross beam is connected with two steel wire ropes, two connecting seats are arranged at intervals on each skeleton cross beam, the front ends of the two steel wire ropes are respectively connected to the two connecting seats, and the rear ends are connected to the annular part of the hanging ring mechanism.

[0010] In a preferred solution, a number of diagonal braces are further arranged between the skeleton cross beam and the longitudinal beam of the material platform.

[0011] In a preferred solution, a guardrail is further installed on the material platform, the guardrail includes enclosures installed on both sides of the material platform and foot plates installed below the enclosures, and the foot plates are connected to the skeleton cross beam.

[0012] In a preferred solution, the enclosure is composed of a number of enclosure units, and each enclosure unit is a rectangular or square structure.

[0013] In a preferred solution, the embedded part of the hanging ring mechanism is in the shape of "儿", and the embedded depth is not less than 180mm.

[0014] In a preferred solution, the skeleton cross beam is welded by a channel steel and a steel plate installed inside the channel steel.

[0015] In a preferred solution, a support cross beam is installed between two adjacent longitudinal beams, connecting plates are installed on the support cross beam, longitudinal beam and skeleton cross beam, and the weighing sensor is installed on the connecting plate; there are four weighing sensors, and the four weighing sensors are evenly distributed at different positions of the material platform.

[0016] In a preferred solution, the tension sensor is a shackle type pin sensor, one end of the shackle type pin sensor is connected to the steel wire rope, and the other end is connected to the skeleton cross beam.

[0017] In a preferred solution, a central controller and an alarm are installed inside the material platform, and the weighing sensor, tension sensor and alarm are electrically connected to the central controller.

[0018] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0019] First: The present invention designs a "child" - shaped embedded structure for the hanging ring mechanism that deeply engages with the concrete structure. The embedded part uses three - segment bent steel bars to form a three - dimensional anchoring shape, and the embedded depth is ≥180 mm. By increasing the contact area and the embedded length with the concrete structure, the anti - pull bearing capacity is significantly improved. This design solves the safety hazard that traditional hanging rings are easily pulled out as a whole, ensuring the stability of the anchoring system when the steel wire rope is loaded.

[0020] Second: The present invention designs a composite - type skeleton cross - beam using a welded structure of channel steel and an internal steel plate. The channel steel provides bending stiffness, and the internal steel plate forms an integral stress - bearing section through full welding to eliminate the local stress concentration problem of the open - section of the channel steel. This structure enables the cantilever end to evenly bear dynamic impact loads. At the same time, a triangular support system is formed by diagonal braces and longitudinal beams, effectively dispersing the bending moment at the cantilever end and enhancing the structural anti - deformation ability.

[0021] Third: The present invention designs a linkage monitoring system of four - corner weighing sensors and steel wire rope tension sensors. Four weighing sensors are symmetrically arranged at the support nodes to collect load distribution data in real - time; the shackle - type pin sensors are directly connected in series on the force - bearing path of the steel wire rope to accurately measure the single - rope tension. The two sets of data are cross - verified through a central controller, which can identify abnormal working conditions such as eccentric loading and single - rope overload, and trigger a hierarchical warning mechanism.

[0022] Fourth: The present invention designs a modular and expandable guardrail system. The enclosure is composed of standard rectangular units, and the number of units can be flexibly increased or decreased according to the size of the material platform; the footboard connects the enclosure vertical poles and the skeleton cross - beam at the same time to form a two - way fixation. While ensuring the function of preventing falls, this structure simplifies the installation process and can adapt to the cantilever installation requirements of different building facades. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is the front - view structural diagram of the cantilever - type unloading platform of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 is the bottom - view structural diagram of the cantilever - type unloading platform of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 is the internal - structure cross - sectional view of the skeleton cross - beam;

[0026] Figure 4 is the installation structural diagram of the floor slab and the inner return cross - beam;

[0027] Figure 5 is the installation structural diagram of the hanging ring mechanism;

[0028] Figure 6 is the connection structural diagram of the steel wire rope, the tension sensor and the material - platform skeleton cross - beam.

[0029] 1. Material platform; 11. Frame beam; 111. Steel plate; 112. Channel steel; 12. Longitudinal beam; 13. Diagonal brace; 14. Paving board; 15. Support beam; 16. Connecting plate; 17. Connecting seat; 2. Guardrail; 21. Enclosure; 22. Footboard; 3. Lifting ring mechanism; 4. Anchor bolt; 5. Steel wire rope; 6. Tension sensor; 7. Floor slab; 8. Weighing sensor; 9. Alarm. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, the forms of the various structures described in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The present invention is not limited to the structures described in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figures 1-6 The cantilevered unloading platform 1 is composed of a frame beam 11, longitudinal beams 12, diagonal braces 13, a deck 14, supporting beams 15, connecting plates 16, and connecting seats 17. The frame beam 11 uses channel steel 112 as its external frame, with welded steel plates 111 forming a composite structure. The channel steel 112 provides bending stiffness, and the steel plates 111 are fully welded to fill the channel steel cavity, avoiding local stress concentration and enhancing the overall load-bearing capacity. The rear end of the frame beam 11 is fixed by anchor bolts 4 through pre-drilled holes in the floor slab 7, ensuring a rigid connection between the platform 1 and the building. The front end cantilevers from the outside of the floor slab 7, forming a triangular support by welding diagonal braces 13 to the longitudinal beams 12, distributing the load at the cantilever end. The longitudinal beams 12 are arranged parallel to the frame beams 11, intersecting perpendicularly with the supporting beams 15 to form a grid frame. The two ends of the supporting beams 15 are fixed to the side walls of adjacent longitudinal beams 12 by bolts or welding, further strengthening the frame's resistance to deformation.

[0032] The connecting plate 16 is a rectangular steel plate, welded to the intersection of the supporting crossbeam 15, longitudinal beam 12, and frame crossbeam 11, forming a locally thickened area. Four load cells 8 are symmetrically fixed to the center of the four connecting plates 16 by bolts, monitoring the load distribution in different areas of the platform in real time to prevent overturning due to uneven loading. The connecting seat 17 is a U-shaped steel plate, welded to the lower flange of the front end of the frame crossbeam 11, with a distance of not less than 500mm between the two seats. Two connecting seats 17 are set on each frame crossbeam 11, and are hinged to the tension sensor 6 at the end of the wire rope 5 by pins to ensure no torsional stress during tension transmission. The laying plate 14 is a steel plate or wooden board, laid horizontally on the frame formed by the frame crossbeam 11 and longitudinal beam 12, with the edges fixed by clips or welding to form a continuous bearing surface. The tension sensor 6 is a shackle-type pin sensor.

[0033] The embedded part of the hanging ring mechanism 3 is embedded in the concrete structure, and the annular part protrudes above the concrete structure; the material platform 1 is composed of a skeleton cross beam 11, longitudinal beams 12 and a decking 14. The rear end of the skeleton cross beam 11 is fixed to the floor slab 7 by an anchor bolt 4, and the front end is cantilevered and equipped with a load cell 8; a steel wire rope 5 connects the hanging ring mechanism 3 and the skeleton cross beam 11, and a shackle-type pin tension sensor 6 is provided at the connection. The material platform 1 has two skeleton cross beams 11, each connecting two steel wire ropes 5, and two connection seats 17 are provided at the front end of the skeleton cross beam 11 for fixing the steel wire ropes 5; a diagonal brace 13 is provided between the skeleton cross beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12. The guardrail 2 is composed of a fence 21 formed by fence units and a footboard 22, and the footboard 22 is fixed on the skeleton cross beam 11.

[0034] The embedded part of the hanging ring mechanism 3 is in the shape of a reversed "r", and the embedded depth is ≥180 mm; the skeleton cross beam 11 is welded by a channel steel 112 and an internal steel plate 111; a connecting plate 16 is provided between the support cross beam 15 and the longitudinal beam 12, and four load cells 8 are distributed on the connecting plate 16; the central controller and the alarm 9 are installed inside the material platform 1 and are electrically connected to the load cells 8 and the tension sensors 6 to achieve dual monitoring and warning of load and tension.

[0035] The guardrail 2 is composed of a fence 21 and a footboard 22. The fence 21 is formed by connecting multiple rectangular or square fence units end to end with hinges. The height of each unit is not less than 1.2 meters. The bottom of the vertical立杆 is welded to the upper surface of the footboard 22. The footboard 22 is a wooden board, and its horizontal side is fixed to the upper flange of the skeleton cross beam 11 by bolts. The horizontal side extends upward and is welded to the vertical立杆 of the fence 21 to form a double fixation to prevent the materials from falling. The embedded part of the hanging ring mechanism 3 is in the shape of a reversed "r", and is formed by bending three HRB335 steel bars with a diameter of 20 mm. The horizontal section is embedded in the concrete structure beam or column, and the embedded depth is not less than 180 mm. The vertical section protrudes 70 mm above the concrete surface and is bent into an annular part. The inner diameter of the annular part is not less than 50 mm, and the concrete strength grade is not less than C30 to ensure that the anti-pulling force of the hanging ring meets the tensile force requirements of the steel wire rope 5. Each of the four steel wire ropes 5 is connected to the connection seat 17 of the skeleton cross beam 11 through a tension sensor 6 at the front end, and the rear end is fixed with rope clamps after passing around the annular part of the hanging ring mechanism 3. The number of rope clamps is not less than 4 and matches the diameter of the steel wire rope. A double ratchet wire tightener is used for tightening during installation to eliminate the initial slack of the steel wire rope 5. The pin of the tension sensor 6 passes through the pin hole of the connection seat 17 and the shackle at the end of the steel wire rope 5 to monitor the tensile force value of a single steel wire rope in real time.

[0036] The tension sensor 6 adopts a shackle-type pin sensor. The shackle-type pin sensor is a mechanical measurement device integrated in a shackle. Its core is a pin structure. By replacing the pin of the traditional shackle, it is directly connected in series between the steel wire rope and the structure connection point. When the steel wire rope bears tension, the strain gauge or piezoelectric element embedded in the pin converts the mechanical deformation into an electrical signal to monitor the tension value in real time.

[0037] The tension sensor 6 dynamically monitors the axial tension of each steel wire rope, and feeds it back to the alarm in real time, accurately identifying single-rope overload or offload, triggering audible and visual alarms and locking the operation permission. Its data is linked with the weighing sensor 8 to verify the uniformity of the load distribution, ensure the balanced force on the cantilever end, and prevent the risk of overturning.

[0038] A central controller and an alarm are installed inside the material platform. The weighing sensor, the tension sensor and the alarm are electrically connected to the central controller. The cantilever type unloading platform of the present utility model is equipped with a management platform, and the management platform is deployed on the cloud or a local server. The management platform communicates with the central controller through Ethernet Modbus TCP / IP or wireless network 4G / NB-IoT, and receives real-time data and alarm information.

[0039] The weighing sensor 8 of the present utility model uses a piezoelectric weighing sensor, which utilizes the piezoelectric effect of piezoelectric materials such as quartz crystals or piezoelectric ceramics. When the piezoelectric element installed on the connecting plate 16 is subjected to load extrusion, the piezoelectric element generates a charge signal proportional to the pressure, which is converted into a voltage signal by a charge amplifier and directly converted into weight through a calibration coefficient. When the total weight exceeds 800 kg after the data of the four weighing sensors are superimposed and calculated, the alarm 9 triggers an audible and visual alarm and pushes information to the management platform to achieve overload classification early warning.

[0040] The weighing sensor 8 is installed on the connecting plates 16 at the four corners of the material platform and is directly connected to the central controller through a shielded cable. The tension sensor is connected in series between the steel wire rope 5 and the connecting seat 17 of the skeleton cross beam 11 and is connected to the central controller through a digital signal RS485 or CAN bus. Its built-in signal conditioning circuit directly outputs digital quantities such as tension values, with the unit kN. The alarm is connected to the central controller through a relay or transistor output interface and starts an audible and visual alarm after receiving the trigger signal.

[0041] Embodiment 1. In this embodiment, the installation process of a cantilever type unloading platform is as follows:

[0042] Embed the "r-shaped" embedded part of the lifting ring mechanism 3 into the concrete structure beam or column of the building, and the embedded depth ≥ 180 mm. The annular part is 70 mm higher than the concrete surface, and the concrete strength grade ≥ C30 to ensure the anti-pulling bearing capacity. The "C" in C30 represents "Concrete" concrete. 30 indicates that the standard value of the cube compressive strength of the concrete is 30 MPa, that is, the compressive strength after 28 days of standard curing ≥ 30 MPa.

[0043] The channel steel 112 and the internal steel plate 111 are welded to form the skeleton cross beam 11. The rear end vertically penetrates the reserved hole of the floor slab 7 through the anchor bolt 4 and is locked, and the front end is cantilevered outside the floor slab. The diagonal brace 13 and the longitudinal beam 12 are welded to form a triangular support.

[0044] The longitudinal beams 12 are arranged parallel to each other between the frame beams 11, and the supporting beams 15 are welded vertically to the side walls of the adjacent longitudinal beams 12 to form a grid frame. The connecting plate 16 is welded to the intersection of the frame, and the four load cells 8 are fixed to the center of the connecting plate 16 by bolts.

[0045] The horizontal edge of the footboard 22 is fixed to the upper flange of the frame beam 11 by bolts. The uprights of the enclosure 21 are welded to the footboard 22, and the enclosure units are connected end to end. The decking 14 is laid horizontally on the frame beam 11 and the longitudinal beam 12, and the edges are fixed with clips.

[0046] The connecting seat 17 is welded to the lower flange of the front end of the frame beam 11. The pin of the shackle-type axle pin tension sensor 6 passes through the pin hole of the connecting seat 17 and is hinged to the end of the wire rope 5. The wire rope 5 passes around the annular part of the lifting ring mechanism 3 and is fixed with ≥4 rope clips. The double ratchet tensioner tightens and eliminates slack.

[0047] After the cantilevered unloading platform is installed, materials are transported onto the platform's slab 14 manually or by crane. The weight is transferred to four weighing sensors 8 via the supporting crossbeams 15 and longitudinal beams 12. The weighing sensors 8 monitor the load at the four corners in real time, and the total weight is displayed on the management platform. The tension sensor 6 dynamically monitors the axial tension of the wire rope 5 to prevent single-rope overload or uneven loading. The four weighing sensors 8 collect the loads at the four corners of the platform 1, and the central controller calculates the total weight. If the total weight > 800 kg or the weight difference at the four corners > 10%, an audible and visual alarm 9 is triggered. The shackle-type pin sensor measures the tension of the wire rope 5 in real time. If the tension of a single rope > 30 kN or the tension difference between adjacent ropes > 15%, the central controller locks the operating privileges, and the alarm 9 is activated. The data from the weighing sensors 8 and the tension sensor 6 are compared in real time to verify the consistency of load distribution and wire rope stress. Abnormal data is uploaded to the management platform via Ethernet / wireless network, and overload events are recorded synchronously. After alarm 9 is triggered, the operation interface displays the fault location, such as "Left Front Overload" or "No. 3 Wire Rope Overload". Manual confirmation and reset are required before work can resume. In the absence of abnormal alarms, the unloading workers unload the materials sequentially from the platform to the required positions according to the needs of use.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cantilevered unloading platform, characterized in that, It includes: A sling mechanism, which includes a buried part embedded in the concrete structure of the building and a circular part protruding above the concrete structure of the building; A material platform, which is connected by several cross beams, longitudinal beams and floor boards lapped on the cross beams and / or longitudinal beams; The cross beam includes at least two skeleton cross beams, the rear end of the skeleton cross beam is fixedly connected to the floor slab of the building through anchor bolts, and the front end extends out of the outer side of the floor slab of the building; A weighing sensor is installed inside the material platform; Steel wire ropes, one end of which is connected to the circular part of the sling mechanism and the other end is connected to the skeleton cross beam of the material platform; A tension sensor is installed at the connection between the steel wire rope and the skeleton cross beam.

2. The overhang unloading platform according to claim 1, wherein, There are two skeleton cross beams on the material platform, each skeleton cross beam is connected with two steel wire ropes, two connecting seats are arranged at intervals on each skeleton cross beam, the front ends of the two steel wire ropes are respectively connected to the two connecting seats, and the rear ends are connected to the circular part of the sling mechanism.

3. The overhang unloading platform according to claim 1, wherein, Several diagonal braces are also arranged between the skeleton cross beam and the longitudinal beam of the material platform.

4. The overhang unloading platform according to claim 1, wherein, A guardrail is also installed on the material platform, and the guardrail includes enclosures installed on both sides of the material platform and foot plates installed under the enclosures, and the foot plates are connected to the skeleton cross beam.

5. The overhang unloading platform according to claim 4, wherein, The enclosure is composed of several enclosure units, and each enclosure unit is a rectangular or square structure.

6. The overhang unloading platform according to claim 1, wherein, The buried part of the sling mechanism is in the shape of "儿" and the buried depth is not less than 180mm.

7. The overhang unloading platform according to claim 1, wherein, The skeleton cross beam is welded by a channel steel and a steel plate installed inside the channel steel.

8. The cantilevered unloading platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, A support cross beam is installed between two adjacent longitudinal beams, connecting plates are installed on the support cross beam, longitudinal beam and skeleton cross beam, and the weighing sensor is installed on the connecting plate; There are four weighing sensors, and the four weighing sensors are evenly distributed at different positions of the material platform.

9. The cantilevered unloading platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tension sensor is a shackle-type pin sensor, one end of the shackle-type pin sensor is connected to the steel wire rope, and the other end is connected to the skeleton cross beam.

10. The cantilevered unloading platform according to claim 1, characterized in that, A central controller and an alarm are installed inside the material platform, and the weighing sensor, tension sensor and alarm are electrically connected to the central controller.

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