Piston anti-fouling, anti-impurity and anti-garland structure for hydraulic breaking hammer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a piston anti-fouling, anti-impurity and anti-garland structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer, and relates to the technical field of hydraulic breaking hammers. A whole circle of axial protrusions are arranged on the outer circle of the striking end face of the piston to form a retaining wall, and the protrusions are higher than a striking face and used for surrounding the striking face when the piston hammers a drill rod, enabling splash generated by collision to splash towards the drill rod, preventing the splash generated by collision from splashing towards the cylindrical face of the piston and reducing attachment of impurities on the cylindrical face of the piston. The middle cylinder is provided with an oil supply channel and an oil return channel, and the inner wall of the middle cylinder is provided with an oil supply oil groove, a spiral oil groove, an injection oil groove, a step and an oil return oil groove; pressure difference exists between the injection oil groove and the oil return oil groove, the flow speed of hydraulic oil is increased to form jet flow when the hydraulic oil passes through a narrow slit formed by the step and the piston, and the jet flow is used for flushing the piston surface when the piston moves. By optimizing the striking end face structure of the piston and the oil groove design of the inner wall of the middle cylinder, impurities attached to the piston are effectively reduced, the cylinder scoring risk is reduced, meanwhile, the cleanliness of hydraulic oil is improved, the service life of equipment is prolonged, and efficient and stable operation of the hydraulic breaking hammer is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydraulic breaker technology, specifically to a piston anti-fouling, anti-impurity, and anti-scratching structure for a hydraulic breaker. Background Technology

[0002] Hydraulic breakers, widely used in building demolition, mining, and road construction, operate by using high-pressure hydraulic oil to drive a piston in a reciprocating motion within a cylinder, which strikes a chisel to break hard objects. During operation, the piston's reciprocating motion generates a large amount of mixed impurities such as dust, grease, and iron filings. These impurities, under the high pressure and high speed of the impact, are scattered everywhere, some adhering to the piston's cylindrical surface and entering the gap between the cylinder and the piston as the piston moves. This phenomenon not only contaminates the hydraulic oil and reduces the efficiency of the hydraulic system but can also cause cylinder scoring, severely impacting the hydraulic breaker's service life and working efficiency.

[0003] Although hydraulic breakers are relatively mature in design and application, existing technology still has significant shortcomings in preventing contamination by impurities. Traditional hydraulic breakers have a simple piston structure, with the striking end typically being a flat design, which cannot effectively block splashed impurities. These impurities easily adhere to the piston surface and enter the cylinder during the piston's reciprocating motion, contaminating the hydraulic oil and increasing the risk of cylinder scoring. Furthermore, the existing lubrication groove design on the inner wall of the cylinder is also relatively simple, failing to effectively utilize the flow of hydraulic oil to flush away impurities from the piston surface. These problems lead to frequent hydraulic oil changes and piston and cylinder repairs during use, increasing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0004] Therefore, a piston anti-fouling, anti-impurity, and anti-scratching structure for hydraulic breakers is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a piston anti-fouling, anti-impurity, and anti-scratching structure for hydraulic breakers in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model specifically adopts the following technical solution: a piston anti-fouling, anti-impurity, and anti-scratching structure for a hydraulic breaker, comprising:

[0007] The piston has an outer ring at its striking end that protrudes outward along the axial direction.

[0008] The middle cylinder is provided with an oil inlet passage, and the inner wall of the middle cylinder is provided with an oil inlet groove, a spiral groove, an injection groove, a step, a return groove, and a return passage.

[0009] There is a pressure difference between the injection oil groove and the return oil groove. When the hydraulic oil passes through the narrow gap formed by the step and the piston, the flow rate increases to form a jet, which is used to flush the piston surface when the piston moves.

[0010] Furthermore, the piston's striking end outer ring is provided with a full-circle axial protrusion forming a retaining wall, the protrusion being higher than the striking surface, and the inner diameter of the protrusion being larger than the outer diameter of the drill rod's striking end; alternatively, the piston's striking end outer ring is provided with a detachable barrier, the barrier being higher than the striking surface, and the inner diameter of the barrier being larger than the outer diameter of the drill rod's striking end.

[0011] Furthermore, the oil supply passage of the intermediate cylinder is connected to the oil supply groove on the inner wall of the intermediate cylinder.

[0012] Furthermore, the oil supply groove on the inner wall of the cylinder is adjacent to and connected to the spiral oil groove.

[0013] Furthermore, the spiral oil groove on the inner wall of the cylinder is adjacent to and connected to the injection oil groove.

[0014] Furthermore, a step is provided at the outlet of the injection oil groove, and the step cooperates with the outer wall of the assembled piston to form a narrow slit.

[0015] Furthermore, the narrow slit outlet formed by the step and the piston is connected to the return oil passage via the return oil groove.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] 1. By optimizing the piston's striking end face structure, and by adding protrusions or installing detachable baffles on the outer ring of the striking face, the splash direction of the ejected material can be significantly altered. The material is redirected from splashing outwards to splashing towards the chisel, reducing the amount of impurities adhering to the piston's cylindrical surface. This design effectively reduces the risk of impurities entering the cylinder and minimizes hydraulic oil contamination.

[0018] 2. The optimized design of the oil supply passages, oil supply grooves, spiral oil grooves, injection oil grooves, steps, return oil grooves, and return oil passages on the inner wall of the cylinder utilizes the jet effect of high-pressure hydraulic oil to continuously flush the piston surface during piston movement, promptly removing adhering impurities. This structure significantly reduces the risk of piston seizure during reciprocating motion within the cylinder, extending the service life of both the piston and the cylinder.

[0019] 3. Through the optimized cylinder structure, the hydraulic oil continuously flushes the piston surface during circulation, preventing impurities from accumulating and maintaining the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil, thereby improving the overall performance and reliability of the hydraulic system. This design reduces equipment failures and maintenance time caused by impurities, ensuring the efficient operation of the hydraulic breaker. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the piston striking end protrusion structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the detachable enclosure structure of the piston striking end of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the inner wall structure of the cylinder in this utility model;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the piston of this utility model about to strike the drill rod;

[0025] Figure reference numerals: 01 middle cylinder, 01-01 oil supply passage, 01-02 oil supply groove, 01-03 spiral oil groove, 01-04 injection oil groove, 01-05 step, 01-06 return oil groove, 01-07 return oil passage, 02 piston, 02-01 striking surface, 02-02 protrusion, 02-03 outer cylindrical surface of piston, 02-04 enclosure, 03 front cylinder, 0301 inner sleeve of drill rod, 04 drill rod, 04-01 striking end of drill rod, 05 accumulator, 06 rear cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0030] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a piston anti-fouling, anti-impurity, and anti-scratching structure for a hydraulic breaker includes:

[0031] The piston 02's striking end face design features a protrusion 02-02 on its outer ring. The inner diameter of protrusion 02-02 is larger than the outer diameter of the striking end 04-01 of the drill rod. This structure surrounds the impact surface when the piston strikes the drill rod, directing the impact debris towards the drill rod and preventing it from splashing onto the piston's cylindrical surface, thus reducing impurities adhering to the piston's cylindrical surface. Experiments have verified that the outer structure, higher than the impact surface, minimizes impurity adhesion while ensuring smooth piston movement.

[0032] Another configuration for piston 02 with protrusion 02-02 involves a detachable baffle 02-04. This baffle is higher than the impact surface 02-01, and its inner diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the impacted end 04-01 of the drill rod. This structure also prevents debris from splashing towards the piston's cylindrical surface, providing protection. The baffle structure effectively intercepts debris, reducing impurities adhering to the piston's cylindrical surface and further reducing the risk of cylinder scoring. As a supplement to the piston's impact end structure, it provides a more comprehensive protective effect.

[0033] The middle cylinder 01 is provided with an oil supply passage 01-01 and an oil return passage 01-07; the inner wall of the middle cylinder is provided with an oil supply groove 01-02, a spiral groove 01-03, an injection groove 01-04, a step 01-05, and an oil return groove 01-06.

[0034] In the middle cylinder 01, medium-pressure hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil supply passage 01-01. In this embodiment, the hydraulic oil introduced is part of the hydraulic oil discharged during the piston's upward movement, taken from the medium-pressure area after the discharge oil passes through the breaker's reversing valve and before the frequency modulation structure. The medium-pressure hydraulic oil sequentially passes through the oil supply passage 01-01, the oil supply groove 01-02, the spiral groove 01-03, the injection groove 01-04, the step 01-05, and the narrow slit formed by the piston's outer cylindrical surface 02-03, the return groove 01-06, and the return passage 01-07.

[0035] The spiral oil grooves 01-03 on the inner wall of the intermediate cylinder 01 ensure that the hydraulic oil flows circumferentially and axially within the grooves. Combined with the reciprocating motion of the piston 02, this effectively allows impurities or detached iron filings adhering to the outer cylindrical surface 02-03 of the piston to fall into the spiral oil grooves 01-01 and be carried away by the hydraulic oil, then discharged through the injection oil groove 01-04, return oil groove 01-06, and return oil passage 01-07. The spiral angle design creates a stable spiral flow of hydraulic oil within the intermediate cylinder, ensuring a complete flushing effect on the piston surface while reducing the adhesion of impurities to the inner wall of the intermediate cylinder.

[0036] The injection oil grooves 01-02 on the inner wall of the cylinder 01 are full-circle annular grooves. The full-circle structure is easy to process and can ensure that the hydraulic oil forms a stable medium-pressure hydraulic oil that surrounds the piston 02 in the injection oil groove.

[0037] When hydraulic oil passes through a narrow slit, the pressure in the injection oil groove 01-04 is higher than that in the return oil groove 01-06. Under this pressure difference, the hydraulic oil flow rate increases, forming a jet. This jet continuously washes the piston surface as the piston 02 moves, promptly removing attached impurities and preventing them from entering the middle cylinder 01, thereby reducing the risk of cylinder scoring.

[0038] In summary: By optimizing the impact end face structure of piston 02, and by providing a full-circle axial protrusion 02-02 on the outer ring or by setting a detachable baffle 02-04 to form a barrier, the splash direction of the ejected material can be significantly changed, reducing the amount of impurities adhering to the piston cylindrical surface 02-03. This design effectively reduces the risk of impurities entering the intermediate cylinder 01 and reduces hydraulic oil contamination. The optimized design of the oil supply groove 01-02, spiral oil groove 01-03, injection oil groove 01-04, step 01-05, and return oil groove 01-06 on the inner wall of the intermediate cylinder 01 utilizes the spiral flow and jet effect of high-pressure hydraulic oil to continuously flush the piston surface during piston 02 movement, promptly removing adhering impurities. This structure significantly reduces the risk of piston seizure during reciprocating motion within the intermediate cylinder, extending the service life of both the piston and the intermediate cylinder. Through the optimized intermediate cylinder structure, the hydraulic oil can continuously flush the piston 02 surface during circulation, preventing impurity accumulation, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the hydraulic oil and improving the overall performance and reliability of the hydraulic system. This design reduces equipment failures and maintenance time caused by impurities, ensuring the efficient operation of the hydraulic breaker.

[0039] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A piston anti-fouling, anti-contamination, anti-drawing structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer, characterized in that, include: Piston (02), the outer ring of the striking end of the piston (02) is provided with a full ring of axial protrusions (02-02) to form a baffle; The middle cylinder (01) is provided with an oil supply passage (01-01) and an oil return passage (01-07). The inner wall of the middle cylinder is provided with an oil supply groove (01-02), a spiral groove (01-03), an injection groove (01-04), a step (01-05), and an oil return groove (01-06). There is a pressure difference between the injection oil groove (01-04) and the return oil groove (01-06). When the hydraulic oil passes through the narrow slit formed by the step (01-05) and the outer cylindrical surface (02-03) of the piston (02), the flow rate increases to form a jet, which is used to flush the piston surface when the piston moves.

2. A piston anti-fouling and anti-contamination and anti-etching structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The piston (02) has a protrusion (02-02) that is higher than the striking surface (02-01).

3. A piston anti-dirt anti-contamination anti-drawing structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle cylinder (01) is equipped with an oil supply passage (01-01), through which high-pressure hydraulic oil is supplied during operation.

4. The piston anti-fouling and anti-contamination and anti-etching structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle cylinder (01) is provided with an oil supply groove (01-02) and an oil supply passage (01-01).

5. The piston anti-fouling and anti-contamination and anti-etching structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the middle cylinder (01) is provided with a spiral oil groove (01-03) which is adjacent to and connected to the oil supply groove (01-02).

6. A piston anti-fouling and anti-contamination and anti-etching structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oil injection groove (01-04) is adjacent to and connected to the spiral oil groove (01-03), and a step (01-05) is provided at the outlet of the oil injection groove (01-04). The step (01-05) forms a narrow slit with the outer cylindrical surface (02-03) of the assembled piston (02).

7. The piston anti-fouling and anti-contamination and anti-etching structure for a hydraulic breaking hammer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The piston (02) has a detachable guard (02-04) on the outer ring of the striking end, and the guard (02-04) is higher than the striking surface (02-01).

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