An adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement

Abstract

An adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction surveying includes an adjustment mechanism on the upper surface of a leveling base. A frame is connected above the adjustment mechanism, and a digital tilt measuring device is installed within the cavity on the front of the frame. A rectangular slot is located at the top of the frame, and a laser emission module is installed within the slot. The adjustment mechanism can adjust the vertical angle of the frame and the laser emission module within a range of 0 to 90 degrees. During tunnel floor excavation and foundation clearing or concrete pouring and formwork erection, the adjustment mechanism, in conjunction with the digital tilt measuring device, adjusts the tilt angle of the laser emission module to the designed slope of the tunnel. The 360-degree annular light band emitted by the laser emitter on the laser emission module illuminates the tunnel sidewall, forming a uniform light band. On-site construction personnel use this uniform light band, along with measuring rods, to determine the excavation, backfilling, or formwork erection elevation, continuously establishing road elevation benchmarks and improving work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel floor construction technology, and in particular to an adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in the excavation and foundation clearing of tunnel foundations and the construction of concrete pouring and formwork erection, workers generally use total stations or levels for elevation measurement. This method requires real-time collection of elevation data for the foundation clearing surface and the formwork installation surface. However, this traditional measurement method has several drawbacks: First, surveyors need to be stationed on-site throughout the process and frequently check the data. If there is water seepage or poor ventilation in the tunnel, it will exacerbate the operational risks. Second, labor allocation is tight, with each surveying team requiring 3 people to work together. Statistics from tunnel projects show that surveying work accounts for 30% of the total construction manpower, and delays in process connections due to personnel rotation often occur. These limitations highlight the challenges faced by traditional methods under the trend of intelligent and efficient construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement, comprising a leveling base, an adjustment mechanism on the upper surface of the leveling base, a frame connected above the adjustment mechanism, a digital display tilt measuring device installed in the front cavity of the frame, a rectangular groove on the top of the frame, and a laser emitting module installed in the rectangular groove. The adjustment mechanism can adjust the vertical angle of the frame and the laser emitting module on its top within a range of 0 to 90 degrees.

[0004] Furthermore, the leveling base includes a base plate, a panel, and leveling screws connecting the base plate and the panel. The base plate has a fixing screw hole at its center, and the upper surface of the panel has a circular groove. A limiting through hole is opened at the center of the circular groove, and a bearing is internally connected to the limiting through hole. One side of the panel has a threaded hole A leading to the circular groove, and a positioning screw is internally connected to the threaded hole A. Three leveling screws are provided.

[0005] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes a circular base plate that is snapped into a circular slot. A cylindrical rotating shaft is located at the center of the bottom of the circular base plate, and the rotating shaft is connected to a bearing. A positioning platform is located on the left side of the circular base plate. Multiple positioning plates are located in the middle of the upper surface of the circular base plate and close to the positioning platform. Positioning slots are formed equidistantly between the positioning plates. Multiple insertion plates are inserted into the positioning slots. The upper ends of the multiple insertion plates are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the frame. The upper ends of the multiple positioning plates are semi-arc-shaped, and a first limiting hole is provided at the center of the arc. The lower end face of the insertion plate is a semi-arc-shaped gear structure, and a second limiting hole is provided at the center of the arc corresponding to the first limiting hole. A fixing screw is sequentially inserted into the multiple first limiting holes and the multiple second limiting holes and locked with a nut to form a connection between the adjustment mechanism and the frame. A circular spirit level is provided on the right side surface of the circular base plate.

[0006] Furthermore, a through hole A is provided directly below the first limiting hole located at the arc center of the positioning plate, and a vertical tilt angle fine-tuning screw is inserted into and fixed in the through hole A.

[0007] Furthermore, the vertical tilt angle fine-tuning screw includes a screw head and a gear rod body. The screw head is round and its surface has an anti-slip concave-convex structure. The gear rod body is gear-shaped and meshes with the semi-arc gear structure (34) on the lower end face of the plug plate. The end of the gear rod body away from the screw head is provided with a thread hole B, and a limit screw is connected in the thread hole B.

[0008] Furthermore, the back plate of the frame on the back side is provided with through holes B for fixing the digital tilt measuring device in the front cavity of the frame by connecting screw A. There are two through holes B arranged in the horizontal direction.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the rectangular groove is provided with a through hole C for fixing the laser emitting module by means of a connecting screw B.

[0010] Furthermore, the digital tilt measuring device is a digital tilt measuring instrument with a gyroscope; a display screen is provided on the top of its front; below the display screen, from left to right, there are a power button, a zeroing button and a switching button; laser emission ports are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the digital tilt measuring device, and the laser emission ports 45 can emit cross laser beams, and through holes D are provided on the left and right side panels of the frame corresponding to the position of the laser emission ports.

[0011] Furthermore, the laser emitting module includes a body and a laser emitting head disposed at the center of the upper surface of the body. The laser emitting head can emit a 360-degree ring light band. A start / stop button is provided on the left side of the front of the body, and a charging interface is provided on its right side. A protective cover is also provided on the upper part of the body around the laser emitting head.

[0012] Furthermore, the digital tilt measuring device and the laser emitting module are located on the same vertical axis, intersecting and perpendicular to the horizontal line of the center of the first limiting hole.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Compared with the prior art, this invention has the following advantages: During the excavation and foundation clearing of the tunnel floor or the formwork erection for concrete pouring, the tilt angle of the laser emission module is adjusted to the designed slope of the tunnel by means of an adjustment mechanism and a digital display tilt angle measuring device. The 360-degree annular light band emitted by the laser emission head on the laser emission module illuminates the tunnel sidewall to form a light band of equal height. On-site construction personnel use this light band of equal height in conjunction with a measuring rod to determine the elevation of the excavation, backfilling, or formwork erection. After the device is set up, it is possible to continuously establish road elevation benchmarks without human intervention. During the excavation and foundation clearing of the tunnel floor or the formwork erection for concrete pouring, no surveying personnel are required to be on duty, which can greatly save costs. The device has a simple structure, is easy to carry, and is quick to set up. The display angle of the digital display tilt angle measuring device can accurately adjust the corresponding slope of the floor. Combined with the axis and elevation laid out in the early stage by the total station, the elevation benchmark can be quickly established, which greatly improves work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 This is the front view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 This is the left view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 This is a top view of the leveling base of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting mechanism of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 9 This is a rear perspective view of the framework of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the digital tilt angle measuring device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical tilt angle fine-tuning screw of the present invention;

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Leveling base; 11. Base plate; 12. Panel; 13. Leveling screw; 14. Fixing screw hole; 15. Circular slot; 16. Threaded hole A; 17. Limiting through hole; 18. Bearing; 2. Adjustment mechanism; 21. Circular base plate; 22. Positioning platform; 23. Positioning plate; 24. Positioning slot; 25. First limiting hole; 26. Circular spirit level; 27. Through hole A; 28. Rotating shaft; 3. Frame 3; 31. Rectangular slot; 32. Insertion plate; 33. Second limiting hole; 34. Semi-arc gear structure; 35. Connecting screw A; 36. Through hole B 37. Connecting screw B; 38. Through hole C3; 39. Through hole D; 4. Digital display tilt measuring device; 41. Display screen; 42. Power switch; 43. Zeroing button; 44. Switch button; 45. Laser emission port; 46. Wire hole C; 5. Laser emission module; 51. Main body; 52. Laser emission head; 53. Charging interface; 54. Protective cover; 55. Start / stop button; 6. Fixing screw; 7. Vertical tilt angle fine adjustment screw; 71. Screw head; 72. Gear rod body; 73. Wire hole B; 74. Limit screw; 8. Positioning screw; 9. Charging through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0026] Example 1, as shown in the figure, provides an adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement, including a leveling base 1, an adjustment mechanism 2 on the upper surface of the leveling base 1, a frame 3 connected above the adjustment mechanism 2, a digital display tilt measuring device 4 installed in the front cavity of the frame 3, a rectangular groove 31 on the top of the frame 3, and a laser emission module 5 installed in the rectangular groove 31. The adjustment mechanism 2 can adjust the vertical angle of the frame 3 and the laser emission module 5 on its top within a range of 0 degrees to 90 degrees.

[0027] In this embodiment, the leveling base 1 includes a base plate 11, a panel 12, and leveling screws 13 connecting the base plate 11 and the panel 12. The base plate 11 has a fixing screw hole 14 at its center. The upper surface of the panel 12 has a circular groove 15, with a limiting through hole 17 at its center. A bearing 18 is fitted into the limiting through hole 17. One side of the panel 12 has a threaded hole A16 leading to the circular groove 15, with a positioning screw 8 fitted into the threaded hole A16. Three leveling screws 13 are provided. The three leveling screws... The adjustment mechanism 13 can level the adjustment mechanism 2, the digital tilt measuring device 4, and the laser emission module 5. The adjustment mechanism 2 includes a circular base plate 21 that is snapped into a circular slot 15. A cylindrical rotating shaft 28 is provided at the center of the bottom of the circular base plate 21. The rotating shaft 28 is connected to the bearing 18 to make the rotation of the circular base plate 21 smoother when adjusting the horizontal direction of the digital tilt measuring device 4. A positioning platform 22 is provided on the left side of the circular base plate 21. A positioning platform 22 is provided in the middle of the upper surface of the circular base plate 21 and close to the positioning platform 22. There are multiple positioning plates 23, and positioning slots 24 are formed equidistantly between the positioning plates 23. Multiple insertion plates 32 are inserted into the positioning slots 24, and the upper ends of the multiple insertion plates 32 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the frame 3. The upper ends of the multiple positioning plates 23 are semi-arc-shaped, and a first limiting hole 25 is provided at the center of the arc. The lower end face of the insertion plate 32 is a semi-arc-shaped gear structure 34, and a second limiting hole 33 is provided at the center of the arc corresponding to the first limiting hole 25. The screw 6 is used to sequentially pass through the multiple first limiting holes 25 and the multiple second limiting holes 25. The positioning hole 33 is locked with a nut to form a connection between the adjustment mechanism 2 and the frame 3; a circular level 26 is provided on the right side surface of the circular base plate 21; it should be understood that the positioning platform 22 limits the maximum adjustment angle of the digital tilt measuring device 4 and the laser emitting module 5 in the device to 90 degrees. By rotating the circular base plate 21, the direction of the digital tilt measuring device 4 can be adjusted horizontally by 360 degrees. After the adjustment is completed, the positioning screw 8 can be rotated to make its rod end press against the side of the circular base plate 21 for directional positioning.

[0028] In this embodiment, a through hole A27 is provided directly below the first limiting hole 25 located at the arc center of the positioning plate 23. A vertical tilt angle fine-tuning screw 7 is inserted into and fixed in the through hole A27. The vertical tilt angle fine-tuning screw 7 includes a screw head 71 and a gear rod 72. The screw head 71 is round and its surface has an anti-slip concave-convex structure. The gear rod 72 is gear-shaped and meshes with the semi-arc gear structure 34 on the lower end face of the plug plate 32. A threaded hole B73 is provided at the end of the gear rod 72 away from the screw head 71. A limiting screw rod 74 is connected in the threaded hole B73. After roughly adjusting the tilt angle of the digital tilt angle measuring device 4 by moving the frame 3, it can be precisely adjusted by the vertical tilt angle fine-tuning screw 7. After the adjustment is completed, it can be locked and fixed by tightening the limiting screw rod 74. It should be understood that the above-mentioned adjustment of the tilt angle of the digital tilt angle measuring device 4 is the adjustment of the tilt angle of the laser emission module 5.

[0029] In this embodiment, the back plate of the frame 3 on the back side is provided with through holes B36 for fixing the digital tilt measuring device 4 in the front cavity of the frame 3 by connecting screws A35. There are two through holes B36 arranged horizontally. The two connecting screws A35 are inserted into the two through holes B36 in sequence and are connected to the threaded holes C46 on the back plate of the digital tilt measuring device 4, so that the digital tilt measuring device 4 is firmly fixed in the front cavity of the frame 3; the bottom of the rectangular groove 31 is provided with a connecting screw B37 for connecting screws B37. The laser emitting module 5 is fixed in the through hole C38. The connecting screw B37 is inserted into the through hole C38 from the bottom of the rectangular groove 31, i.e., the cavity on the front of the frame 3. Then, it is connected to the reserved hole below the laser emitting module 5 to fix the laser emitting module 5 in the rectangular groove 31. Since the connecting screw B37 needs to be inserted into the through hole C38 from the cavity on the front of the frame 3, the installation of the laser emitting module 5 must be completed first, and then the digital tilt measuring device 4 is installed into the cavity on the front of the frame 3 and fixed.

[0030] In this embodiment, the digital tilt measuring device 4 is a digital tilt measuring instrument with a gyroscope; a display screen 41 is provided on the upper front of the device; below the display screen 41, from left to right, are a power switch 42, a zeroing switch 43, and a switching switch 44, which can switch between slope and gradient displayed on the display screen 41; laser emission ports 45 are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the digital tilt measuring device 4, and the laser emission ports 45 can emit cross laser beams. Through holes D39 are provided on the left and right side panels of the frame 3 corresponding to the laser emission ports 45. When measuring the tunnel floor, the horizontal axis of the digital tilt measuring device 4 needs to be aligned with the tunnel floor. Since the tunnel's axis coincides or has a slight horizontal offset, it is necessary to turn on the digital tilt measuring device 4 so that the cross laser beams emitted from the two laser emission ports 45 pass through the through hole D39 and are directed in the front and rear directions of the tunnel axis. Then, the distance between the vertical beam of the cross laser beam and the pre-measured front and rear axis control points is measured to be equal, thus completing the axial direction positioning of the digital tilt measuring device 4. The position is then fixed by rotating the positioning screw 8. The back of the digital tilt measuring device 4 is provided with a charging interface 46. The back plate of the frame 3 corresponding to the position of the charging interface 46 is provided with a charging through hole 9. The charging cable is inserted into the charging through hole 9 and plugged into the charging interface 46 to charge the digital tilt measuring device 4.

[0031] In this embodiment, the laser emitting module 5 includes a body 51 and a laser emitting head 52 disposed at the center of the upper surface of the body 51. The laser emitting head 52 can emit a 360-degree ring light band. A start / stop button 55 is provided on the left side of the front of the body 51, and a charging interface 53 is provided on its right side. A protective cover 54 is also provided above the body 51 around the laser emitting head 52. The protective cover 54 can effectively prevent accidental contact with the laser emitting head 52 and affect its accuracy.

[0032] In this embodiment, the digital tilt angle measuring device 4 and the laser emitting module 5 are on the same vertical axis, intersecting and perpendicular to the horizontal line of the center of the first limiting hole 25. After adjusting the horizontal axis of the digital tilt angle measuring device 4 to coincide with or slightly offset from the axis of the tunnel, it is ensured that after the tilt angle of the digital tilt angle measuring device 4 is adjusted, the laser emitting head 5 on the laser emitting module 5 emits a 360-degree annular light band at the same height on both sides of the tunnel sidewall, ensuring that the tunnel floor construction is carried out accurately.

[0033] In the above embodiments, the adjustment mechanism 2 and the frame 3 can be formed in one step using nylon material and 3D printing technology, which reduces the processing difficulty and cost.

[0034] The method of using this invention is as follows:

[0035] S1. Setting up the instrument: Set up the level tripod in the approximate middle position of the section where the foundation excavation and clearing or concrete pouring and formwork erection are required, and it should also be in an approximate position parallel to the tunnel axis (the position can be determined based on the two axis control points measured in the tunnel section in the early stage). Roughly level the level tripod, and then install the adaptive slope laser transmitter onto the level tripod through the fixing screw holes 14 on the base plate 11.

[0036] S2. Instrument Adjustment: First, adjust the three leveling screws 13 to ensure the adjusting mechanism 2, digital tilt measuring device 4, and laser emission module 5 are horizontal. Rotate the circular base plate 21 so that the laser emission ports 45 on both sides of the digital tilt measuring device 4 are roughly facing the front and rear directions of the tunnel (in actual use, rotating the frame 3 can achieve the rotation of the circular base plate 21; due to the limitation of the positioning platform 22, the angle of the digital tilt measuring device 4 can only be adjusted towards the circular level bubble side, therefore the circular level bubble 26 on the right side of the circular base plate 21 always faces the bottom of the slope). Then, turn on the switch on the digital tilt measuring device 4. 42. The vertical beam of the cross laser beam emitted from the laser emission port 45 will form a long light band in the front and back direction of this device. The surveyor will measure the distance between the two pre-measured axis control points in front and behind the tunnel and the vertical light band. At the same time, according to the distance difference in front and behind, the angle of the digital display tilt measuring device 4 will be adjusted by rotating it. Finally, the vertical beam of the cross laser beam emitted from the laser emission ports 45 on the left and right sides will be parallel to or coincide with the tunnel axis (in reality, the situation of coincidence with the tunnel axis is generally rare). After the horizontal adjustment of the digital display tilt measuring device 4 is completed, the circular base plate 21 will be tightened and positioned by the positioning screw 8.

[0037] S3. Vertical angle adjustment of digital tilt angle measuring device 4: First, press the zeroing key 43 to switch the data displayed on the display screen 41 to slope ratio information, then press the zeroing key 43 to return it to zero. Adjust the vertical tilt angle frame 3 so that the slope ratio displayed on the display screen 41 is close to the design slope ratio. Then, make fine adjustments by rotating the vertical tilt angle fine adjustment screw 7 until the slope ratio displayed on the display screen 41 is equal to the design slope ratio. Tighten the limiting screw 74 at one end of the vertical tilt angle fine adjustment screw 7 to lock and fix it.

[0038] S4. Turn on the start / stop button 55 on the laser emitting module 5, so that the 360-degree annular light band emitted by the laser emitting head 52 is projected onto the scale or measuring rod erected on the tunnel floor slab located on both sides of the tunnel wall. Construction personnel can calculate the elevation of the point from the scale on the scale or measuring rod at this time. Moreover, the scale or measuring rod can be moved to any range of the 360-degree annular light band projection for measurement, providing accurate data support for the excavation and foundation clearing of the floor slab or the concrete pouring and formwork erection. The emitted 360-degree light band projection can guide the construction personnel.

[0039] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive grade laser transmitter for tunnel floor construction surveying, characterized by: The system includes a leveling base (1), an adjustment mechanism (2) on the upper surface of the leveling base (1), a frame (3) connected above the adjustment mechanism (2), a digital tilt measuring device (4) installed in the front cavity of the frame (3), a rectangular groove (31) on the top of the frame (3), a laser emitting module (5) installed in the rectangular groove (31), and the adjustment mechanism (2) can adjust the frame (3) and the laser emitting module (5) on its top in the vertical direction within an angle range of 0 degrees to 90 degrees.

2. The adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leveling base (1) includes a base plate (11), a panel (12), and a leveling screw (13) connecting the base plate (11) and the panel (12). The base plate (11) has a fixing screw hole (14) at its center. The upper surface of the panel (12) has a circular slot (15). The center of the circular slot (15) has a limiting through hole (17). A bearing (18) is connected in the limiting through hole (17). One side of the panel (12) has a threaded hole A (16) leading to the circular slot (15). A positioning screw (8) is connected in the threaded hole A (16). There are three leveling screws (13).

3. The adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (2) includes a circular base plate (21) that is snapped into a circular slot (15). A cylindrical rotating shaft (28) is provided at the center of the bottom of the circular base plate (21). The rotating shaft (28) is connected to a bearing (18). A positioning platform (22) is provided on the left side of the circular base plate (21). Multiple positioning plates (23) are provided in the middle of the upper surface of the circular base plate (21) and close to the positioning platform (22). Positioning slots (24) are formed equidistantly between the positioning plates (23). Multiple insertion plates (32) are inserted into the positioning slots (24). The multiple insertion plates (32) are... The upper end is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the frame (3); the upper end of the multiple positioning plates (23) is semi-arc, and a first limiting hole (25) is provided at the center of the arc; the lower end face of the plug plate (32) is a semi-arc gear structure (34), and a second limiting hole (33) is provided at the center of the arc corresponding to the first limiting hole (25), which is used to fix the screw (6) to pass through multiple first limiting holes (25) and multiple second limiting holes (33) in sequence and lock it with a nut to form a connection between the adjustment mechanism (2) and the frame (3); the right side surface of the circular base plate (21) is provided with a circular level (26).

4. The adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: A through hole A (27) is provided directly below the first limiting hole (25) located at the arc center of the positioning plate (23). A vertical tilt angle fine adjustment screw (7) is inserted into the through hole A (27) and fixed.

5. An adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vertical tilt angle fine adjustment screw (7) includes a screw head (71) and a gear rod body (72). The screw head (71) is round and its surface has an anti-slip concave-convex structure. The gear rod body (72) is gear-shaped and meshes with the semi-arc gear structure (34) on the lower end face of the plug plate (32). The end of the gear rod body (72) away from the screw head (71) is provided with a thread hole B (73). A limit screw rod (74) is connected in the thread hole B (73).

6. The adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (3) has a back plate on the back side with through holes B (36) in the front cavity of the frame (3) for fixing the digital tilt measuring device (4) by connecting screw A (35). There are two through holes B (36) in the horizontal direction.

7. The adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the rectangular groove (31) is provided with a through hole C (38) for fixing the laser emitting module (5) by means of the connecting screw B (37).

8. An adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The digital tilt measuring device (4) is a digital tilt measuring instrument with a gyroscope; a display screen (41) is provided on the top of its front; from left to right below the display screen (41) are a power switch (42), a zeroing switch (43) and a switching switch (44); laser emission ports (45) are symmetrically provided on the left and right sides of the digital tilt measuring device (4), and the laser emission ports (45) can emit cross laser beams. Through holes D (39) are provided on the left and right side panels of the frame (3) corresponding to the position of the laser emission ports (45).

9. An adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser emitting module (5) includes a body (51) and a laser emitting head (52) disposed at the center of the upper surface of the body (51). The laser emitting head (52) can emit a 360-degree ring light band. The body (51) has a start / stop button (55) on the left side of its front and a charging interface (53) on its right. A protective cover (54) is also provided above the body (51) on the periphery of the laser emitting head (52).

10. An adaptive slope laser emitter for tunnel floor construction measurement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The digital tilt measuring device (4) and the laser emitting module (5) are on the same vertical axis, intersecting and perpendicular to the horizontal line of the center of the first limiting hole (25).

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