A simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor
By designing a simulation test device for angle-of-attack sensors, environmental interference is simulated in real time and data is collected, solving the problem that existing technologies cannot demonstrate the sensor signal transformation and processing process, and realizing accuracy evaluation in a laboratory environment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- AIR FORCE ENG UNIV OF PLA AIRCRAFT MAINTENACE MANAGEMENT SERGEANT SCHOOL
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing technology cannot directly demonstrate the detailed signal transformation and processing of each part of the angle of attack sensor, making it difficult for beginners to quickly grasp its working principle and use and maintenance.
An experimental simulation device for an angle-of-attack sensor was designed, including a control panel, an angle-of-attack sensor, a transmission mechanism, a housing heating device, a thermocouple, and a logic judgment circuit. The device simulates environmental interference through a motor, collects data in real time, and judges the measurement deviation of the sensor.
This method enables real-time evaluation of the accuracy of angle-of-attack sensor data in a laboratory environment, overcoming the shortcomings of existing technologies. It can directly display the detailed transformation and processing of sensor signals, improving the intuitiveness and accuracy of the test.
Smart Images
Figure CN224286336U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model generally relates to the field of sensor detection technology. More specifically, this utility model relates to a simulation experimental testing device for an angle-of-attack sensor. Background Technology
[0002] Angle of attack (AOA) sensors are critical sensors on aircraft, primarily used to measure the aircraft's angle of attack relative to its flight direction and convert it into an electrical signal proportional to that angle. The angle of attack refers to the angle of the aircraft's wing relative to the relative airflow, and is crucial for flight performance, stability, and safety. AOA sensors typically use capacitive, optical, or mechanical methods for measurement. In an air data computer, the AOA sensor's output signal undergoes compensation processing to eliminate the influence of sensor errors, temperature variations, and other factors, ultimately yielding a true angle of attack value. This true angle of attack signal is used for static pressure source error correction, ensuring that the flight control system can perform flight maneuvers based on accurate data. The true angle of attack signal can also be transmitted to multiple flight systems, such as flight instrument display systems, stall warning systems, and flight performance monitoring systems. When the aircraft's actual angle of attack approaches the critical angle of attack (i.e., the critical angle at which the aircraft is about to stall), the stall warning system triggers and issues various forms of warning signals (such as audible alarms, visual warnings, or vibration feedback) to remind the pilot to take measures to avoid entering a stall state, thereby ensuring flight safety.
[0003] To ensure high accuracy and reliability, modern aircraft angle-of-attack sensors are typically equipped with self-calibration capabilities. These capabilities automatically adjust measurement deviations based on the aircraft's operating environment and status, further improving data accuracy. Simultaneously, angle-of-attack sensors can work closely with flight control systems and flight data recording systems to provide pilots with real-time flight attitude data and help monitor and optimize flight performance.
[0004] The high performance and stability of angle-of-attack (AOA) sensors are crucial in complex weather conditions and flight states, especially during high-altitude flight, low-speed flight, or maneuvering. Ensuring the accuracy of AOA data is indispensable for preventing flight accidents and improving the flight quality of aircraft. Furthermore, high AOA flight provides better low-speed maneuverability and handling stability, maintains the aircraft's nose pointing accuracy, and makes locking and unlocking easier. Therefore, modern fighter jets place great emphasis on high AOA flight capabilities. Currently, testing of aircraft AOA sensors mainly relies on the aircraft platform's self-testing, judging performance by comparing feedback data. This testing process is like a black box, unable to directly demonstrate the detailed signal transformation and processing of various parts of the AOA sensor, making it difficult for beginners to quickly grasp the working principle of AOA sensors and understand their use and maintenance. Utility Model Content
[0005] To address the technical problem that existing angle-of-attack sensor testing technologies cannot directly demonstrate the detailed signal transformation and processing of each component of the angle-of-attack sensor, this invention provides a simulation experimental testing device for an angle-of-attack sensor in the following aspects: The device includes: a control panel, comprising an angle-of-attack setting knob and a self-detection knob, wherein the control panel sends a control signal to a motor 11 based on the position of the self-detection knob; an angle-of-attack sensor, comprising a weather vane 9 and its central gear 7, and a housing assembly, wherein the central gear 7 of the weather vane 9 is connected to the angle-of-attack setting knob via a first gear assembly, the angle-of-attack setting knob provides power to the central gear 7 via the first gear assembly, the central gear 7 of the weather vane 9 provides power to a second gear assembly, and the second gear assembly provides power to a rotary transformer; a transmission mechanism, comprising a clutch unit and a motor 11, wherein the motor 11 is connected to the first gear via the clutch unit to provide power to the central gear 7; wherein, when the angle-of-attack setting knob... When power is supplied to the central gear 7 and the motor 11 does not supply power to the central gear 7 through the clutch unit, the rotary transformer outputs a first electrical signal; when the angle of attack setting knob supplies power to the central gear 7 and the motor 11 supplies power to the central gear 7 through the clutch unit, the rotary transformer outputs a second electrical signal; a housing heating device is used to heat the housing of the angle of attack sensor; a thermocouple transmits a third electrical signal to the logic judgment circuit, and the thermocouple is disposed inside the heating angle of attack sensor housing; the logic judgment circuit receives the first electrical signal and obtains the setting angle based on the first electrical signal, the logic judgment circuit receives the second electrical signal and obtains the self-test angle based on the second electrical signal, and the logic judgment circuit calculates the temperature value based on the third electrical signal; when the temperature value is greater than or equal to a preset value, the logic judgment circuit determines whether the angle of attack sensor is faulty based on the absolute value of the difference between the self-test angle and the preset angle.
[0006] Preferably, the transmission mechanism further includes a reducer 2, and the clutch unit includes a friction clutch 3 and an electromagnetic clutch 6, wherein the drive end of the motor 11 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer 2, the output shaft of the reducer 2 is connected to the input shaft of the friction clutch 3, the output shaft of the friction clutch 3 meshes with the drive gear 4 of the electromagnetic clutch 6, and the output shaft of the electromagnetic clutch 6 meshes with the center gear 7 of the weather vane.
[0007] Preferably, the logic judgment circuit includes: an A / D converter and a processor, wherein the A / D converter receives a third electrical signal output by the thermocouple and a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal output by the rotary transformer, the A / D converter converts the first electrical signal into a first digital signal, the second electrical signal into a second digital signal, and the third electrical signal into a third digital signal, and inputs the first digital signal, the second digital signal, and the third electrical signal to the processor, the processor determines a setting angle based on the first digital signal, determines a self-test angle based on the second digital signal, calculates a temperature value based on the third digital signal, and determines an angle-of-attack sensor malfunction when the temperature value is greater than a preset value and the absolute value of the difference between the self-test angle and the setting angle is greater than a preset threshold.
[0008] Preferably, a simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor further includes a display, which is connected to the processor. The display receives signals output by the processor to display the set angle, the self-test angle, the temperature value, and the result of whether the angle-of-attack sensor is faulty.
[0009] Preferably, the A / D converter is a TLC2543 chip.
[0010] Preferably, the processor is an AT89C51 chip.
[0011] Preferably, the first reference voltage is +5V and the second reference voltage is 0V.
[0012] Preferably, a simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor further includes a damper, which is connected to the central gear 7.
[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0014] This invention uses a drive mechanism including a motor 11 to interfere with the gear assembly of the wind vane 9 of the angle-of-attack sensor, simulating environmental interference when the angle-of-attack sensor is actually testing an aircraft. Therefore, this invention can collect the difference between the collected data and the actual value of the angle-of-attack sensor in real time under laboratory conditions, thereby determining the accuracy of the data obtained by the angle-of-attack sensor automatically adjusting the measurement deviation. This overcomes the technical problem that existing angle-of-attack sensor testing technologies cannot directly display the detailed signal transformation and processing of each part of the angle-of-attack sensor. Attached Figure Description
[0015] The above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention will become readily understood by reading the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, several embodiments of the present invention are shown by way of example and not limitation, and like or corresponding reference numerals denote like or corresponding parts, wherein:
[0016] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the transmission mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
[0018] Figure 3 This is based on the working principle of the weathervane according to the embodiments of this utility model.
[0019] 1. Motor; 2. Reducer; 3. Friction clutch; 4. Drive gear; 5. Driven gear; 6. Electromagnetic clutch; 7. Center gear; 8. Weather vane shaft; 9. Weather vane. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0021] The specific embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, a simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor includes: a control panel, an angle-of-attack sensor, a transmission mechanism, a housing heating device, a thermocouple, and a logic judgment circuit.
[0024] The control panel includes an angle-of-attack setting knob and a self-detection knob. The control panel sends a control signal to the motor 11 based on the position of the self-detection knob. The angle-of-attack sensor includes a wind vane 9, its central gear 7, and a housing assembly. The central gear 7 of the wind vane 9 is connected to the angle-of-attack setting knob via a first gear assembly. The angle-of-attack setting knob provides power to the central gear 7 through the first gear assembly. The central gear 7 of the wind vane 9 provides power to a second gear assembly, which in turn provides power to a rotary transformer. The transmission mechanism includes a clutch unit and a motor 11. The motor 11 is connected to the first gear via the clutch unit to provide power to the central gear 7. When the angle-of-attack setting knob provides power to the central gear 7, and the motor 11 does not provide power to the central gear 7 through the clutch unit, the angle-of-attack sensor... The rotary transformer outputs a first electrical signal; when the angle of attack setting knob provides power to the central gear 7, and the motor 11 provides power to the central gear 7 through the clutch unit, the rotary transformer outputs a second electrical signal; a housing heating device is used to heat the housing of the angle of attack sensor; a thermocouple transmits a third electrical signal to the logic judgment circuit, and the thermocouple is disposed inside the heating housing of the angle of attack sensor; the logic judgment circuit receives the first electrical signal and obtains the setting angle based on the first electrical signal, the logic judgment circuit receives the second electrical signal and obtains the self-test angle based on the second electrical signal, and the logic judgment circuit calculates the temperature value based on the third electrical signal; when the temperature value is greater than or equal to a preset value, the logic judgment circuit determines whether the angle of attack sensor is faulty based on the absolute value of the difference between the self-test angle and the preset angle.
[0025] The weather vane is typically a freely rotating device. Affected by wind force, the weather vane 9 adjusts its angle according to the wind direction to measure the angle of attack. For example... Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 When the wedge-shaped cross-section of the weather vane is parallel to the airflow direction, the aerodynamic forces acting on the upper and lower surfaces of the vane are equal. At this point, the torque on the axis of rotation is zero, and the weather vane remains in its equilibrium position. If the direction of the aircraft axis relative to the airflow changes, the line of symmetry of the wedge-shaped cross-section of the weather vane will no longer be parallel to the airflow direction. In this case, the aerodynamic forces acting on the upper and lower surfaces of the weather vane are no longer equal, creating a torque that forces the weather vane to rotate around its axis until the line of symmetry of its cross-section is once again parallel to the airflow direction.
[0026] In one embodiment, the angle of attack is set via an angle setting button. The first gear assembly drives the central gear 7 assembly, which in turn drives the second gear assembly to rotate. A 5V 1500Hz AC current is supplied to the RVDT excitation coil of the rotary transformer to generate a magnetic field. When the second gear assembly rotates, the output coil CT terminal outputs an electrical signal corresponding to the angle of attack. In actual operating environments (e.g., angle of attack sensors operating on aircraft), the central gear 7 of the angle of attack sensor is often disturbed due to the aircraft's high-speed flight or sharp turns. This invention uses the force output by the transmission mechanism to the central gear 7 as the disturbance received by the angle of attack sensor in actual application, and then measures the accuracy of the angle of attack measurement by the angle of attack sensor under the presence of disturbance.
[0027] The rotary transformer is a rotary variable differential transformer (RVDT), which belongs to the category of angular displacement sensors. The rotary variable differential transformer adopts the same differential transformer principle as the LVDT, that is, it transmits the rotation of the mechanical components to the shaft of the angular displacement sensor, driving the connected baffle / core to change the induced voltage / inductance in the coil, and outputting a voltage / current signal proportional to the rotation angle.
[0028] In one embodiment, under standard atmospheric conditions, the angle-of-attack sensor is placed in still air, and the housing heating assembly heats the angle-of-attack sensor to measure the accuracy of the measurement data at high temperatures. The maximum temperature of the housing assembly is 100 degrees Celsius.
[0029] Furthermore, the simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor also includes a damper connected to a central gear 7. The damper applies a damping torque to the rotating component (central gear 7) through gear transmission to reduce the vibration of the angle-of-attack sensor's wind vane 9 and stabilize the sensor's output.
[0030] In one embodiment, the logic judgment unit includes an A / D converter and a processor. The voltage A / D converter receives a third electrical signal output by the thermocouple and a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal output by the rotary transformer. The A / D converter converts the first electrical signal into a first digital signal, the second electrical signal into a second digital signal, and the third electrical signal into a third digital signal. The processor inputs the first digital signal, the second digital signal, and the third electrical signal to the processor. The processor determines a setting angle based on the first digital signal, determines a self-test angle based on the second digital signal, calculates a temperature value based on the third digital signal, and determines an angle-of-attack sensor malfunction when the temperature value is greater than a preset value and the absolute value of the difference between the self-test angle and the setting angle is greater than a preset threshold.
[0031] Specifically, an angle-of-attack sensor malfunction is determined when the temperature value is greater than a preset value and the absolute value of the difference between the self-test angle and the set angle is less than or equal to a preset threshold. In one embodiment, the preset threshold is 1°.
[0032] In one embodiment, the A / D converter is a TLC2543 chip, and the processor is an AT89C51 chip. The TLC2543 is a 12-bit analog-to-digital converter with 11 input terminals, which uses switched-capacitor approximation technology to complete the A / D conversion process. Because the TLC2543 is a standard input, it saves I / O resources on the 51 series microcontroller, and therefore is widely used in instruments and meters. The AT89C51 is a low-voltage, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microprocessor with 4K bytes of FLASH memory (FPEROM—Flash Programmable and Erasable Read Only Memory).
[0033] Furthermore, the logic judgment unit also includes a relay and a third capacitor C3. One end of the relay, one end of the third capacitor C3, and the EA pin of the TLC2543 (A / D converter) are all connected to a high level. The other end of the relay, the other end of the third capacitor C3, and the RST pin of the TLC2543 (A / D converter) are all grounded through a first resistor R1. Based on this, by controlling the on / off state of the relay, the high or low level of the RST pin can be controlled, thereby generating a valid signal on the RST pin that meets the reset requirements.
[0034] In one embodiment, the formula used by the A / D converter to calculate the first digital signal based on the first electrical signal is: , among which, The preset first reference voltage, The preset second reference voltage, This is the voltage value corresponding to the first electrical signal. This represents the binary value corresponding to the first digital signal. In one embodiment, the A / D converter calculates the second digital signal based on the second electrical signal using the following formula: , among which, The preset first reference voltage, The preset second reference voltage, This is the voltage value corresponding to the second electrical signal. This is the binary value corresponding to the second digital signal.
[0035] In one embodiment, the first reference voltage is +5V, and the second reference voltage is 0V. The formula for calculating the first digital signal based on the first electrical signal can then be simplified to: The formula for calculating the second digital signal based on the second electrical signal can be simplified to:
[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, this utility model also includes a display, which is connected to the processor. The display receives signals output by the processor to display the set angle, the self-test angle, the temperature value, and the result of whether the angle of attack device is faulty. Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, the display model is LCD1602. The upper left corner of the display screen shows the temperature value measured by the thermocouple, the upper right corner shows the set angle, the lower right corner shows the self-test angle, and the lower left corner indicates whether the angle of attack sensor is in a faulty state.
[0037] The LCD1602 liquid crystal display is a widely used character-type liquid crystal display module. It consists of a character-type liquid crystal display (LCD), the HD44780 main control and driving circuit and its extended driving circuit HD44100, as well as a small number of resistors, capacitors and structural components, all assembled on a PCB board.
[0038] In one embodiment, the temperature value and the voltage value corresponding to the third electrical signal satisfy the formula:
[0039] ;
[0040] Among them The voltage value corresponding to the third electrical signal T This is the temperature value.
[0041] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the transmission mechanism according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission mechanism also includes a reducer 2, and the clutch unit includes a friction clutch 3 and an electromagnetic clutch 6. The drive end of the motor 11 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer 2, the output shaft of the reducer 2 is connected to the input shaft of the friction clutch 3, the output shaft of the friction clutch 3 meshes with the drive gear 4 of the electromagnetic clutch 6, and the output shaft of the electromagnetic clutch 6 meshes with the center gear 7 of the weathervane.
[0043] It should be noted that the reducer 2 reduces the output speed of the motor 11 and transmits it to the next part (i.e., the clutch unit), thereby reducing the speed while increasing the torque output, so that the subsequent clutch unit can operate efficiently at a lower speed. At the same time, by increasing the torque, it provides enough power to drive the wind direction shaft (i.e., the center gear 7, which is fixedly connected to the wind vane 9 shaft 8).
[0044] In one embodiment, the electromagnetic clutch 6 is switched on and off via a self-detection knob. When the self-detection knob engages the electromagnetic clutch 6, the driving gear 4 of the electromagnetic clutch 6 meshes with the driven gear 5. At this time, the motor 11 receives a control signal and rotates. The reducer 2 decelerates, and through the friction clutch 3, the electromagnetic clutch 6 drives the center gear 7 of the weather vane 9 to rotate. The center gear 7 drives the second gear assembly to rotate, and the second gear assembly drives the rotary transformer to output an electrical signal (first or second electrical signal).
[0045] In the description of this specification, "multiple" or "several" means at least two, such as two, three or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0046] While this specification has shown and described various embodiments of the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that such embodiments are provided by way of example only. Many modifications, alterations, and alternatives will occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention. It should be understood that various alternatives to the embodiments of the present invention described herein may be employed in the practice of the present invention.
Claims
1. An analog experimental test device for an angle of attack sensor, characterized in that, include: The control panel includes an angle of attack setting knob and a self-detection knob. The control panel sends a control signal to the motor (11) according to the position of the self-detection knob. Angle of attack sensor, comprising a weather vane (9) and its central gear (7), and a housing assembly, wherein the central gear (7) of the weather vane (9) is connected to an angle of attack setting knob via a first gear assembly, the angle of attack setting knob is used to provide power to the central gear (7) via the first gear assembly, the central gear (7) of the weather vane (9) provides power to a second gear assembly, and the second gear assembly provides power to a rotary transformer; The transmission mechanism includes a clutch unit and a motor (11), wherein the motor (11) is connected to the first gear through the clutch unit to provide power to the center gear (7); wherein, when the angle of attack setting knob provides power to the center gear (7) and the motor (11) does not provide power to the center gear (7) through the clutch unit, the rotary transformer outputs a first electrical signal; when the angle of attack setting knob provides power to the center gear (7) and the motor (11) provides power to the center gear (7) through the clutch unit, the rotary transformer outputs a second electrical signal; A housing heating device for heating the housing of the angle-of-attack sensor; A thermocouple that transmits a third electrical signal to a logic decision circuit is disposed inside the housing of a heated angle of attack sensor; The logic judgment circuit receives the first electrical signal and obtains the set angle based on the first electrical signal; the logic judgment circuit receives the second electrical signal and obtains the self-test angle based on the second electrical signal; the logic judgment circuit calculates the temperature value based on the third electrical signal; the logic judgment circuit outputs a signal indicating whether the angle of attack sensor is faulty.
2. The simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism also includes a reducer (2), and the clutch unit includes a friction clutch (3) and an electromagnetic clutch (6). The drive end of the motor (11) is connected to the input shaft of the reducer (2), the output shaft of the reducer (2) is connected to the input shaft of the friction clutch (3), the output shaft of the friction clutch (3) meshes with the drive gear (4) of the electromagnetic clutch (6), and the output shaft of the electromagnetic clutch (6) meshes with the center gear (7).
3. The simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The logic judgment circuit includes an A / D converter and a processor. The A / D converter receives a third electrical signal output by the thermocouple and a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal output by the rotary transformer. The A / D converter converts the first electrical signal into a first digital signal, the second electrical signal into a second digital signal, and the third electrical signal into a third digital signal. The processor inputs the first digital signal, the second digital signal, and the third electrical signal to the processor. The processor determines a setting angle based on the first digital signal, determines a self-test angle based on the second digital signal, calculates a temperature value based on the third digital signal, and determines an angle-of-attack sensor malfunction when the temperature value is greater than a preset value and the absolute value of the difference between the self-test angle and the setting angle is greater than a preset threshold.
4. The simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a display connected to the processor, which receives signals output by the processor to display the set angle, the self-test angle, the temperature value, and the result of whether the angle of attack is faulty.
5. The simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The A / D converter is a TLC2543 chip.
6. The simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to claim 3, characterized in that, The processor is an AT89C51 chip.
7. The simulation test device for an angle-of-attack sensor according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a damper, which is connected to the central gear 7.