Antenna structure and electronic equipment
By employing an antenna design with a non-axisymmetric arrangement and coplanar waveguide structure, combined with defective ground and resonant ring, the contradiction between compactness and high performance in antenna design is resolved, achieving high isolation and wide bandwidth, making it suitable for 5G communication systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- BEIJING XIAOMI MOBILE SOFTWARE CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Existing antenna designs struggle to strike a balance between compactness and high performance, particularly in handling multi-band signal transmission and device integration.
By employing a non-axisymmetric antenna element arrangement and coplanar waveguide structure, combined with defective ground structure and resonant ring design, an asymmetric antenna array is formed, which improves the isolation and compactness between antenna elements.
It achieves a high degree of isolation antenna design, reduces antenna size, enhances bandwidth, is easy to integrate with devices such as tablets, and is suitable for 5G communication systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN224288578U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of antenna design technology, and more particularly to an antenna structure and electronic device. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous iteration and evolution of mobile communication technology, wireless communication devices have increasingly strong demands for efficiency, intelligence, and multifunctionality. This requires them to be able to process more data simultaneously and transmit signals over a wider frequency band. On the other hand, the high integration of communication devices is forcing antenna design to move towards miniaturization and high performance. To adapt to this change, antenna design needs continuous improvement. Utility Model Content
[0003] This disclosure provides an antenna structure and an electronic device to solve at least some of the problems in the related technologies.
[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this disclosure provide an antenna structure, including:
[0005] A dielectric substrate, including a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other;
[0006] Multiple antenna elements are disposed on the first surface, and the multiple antenna elements are arranged at circumferential intervals along the dielectric substrate to form an antenna array, and at least two of the antenna elements are non-axisymmetrically arranged;
[0007] A floor structure is disposed on the first surface or the second surface.
[0008] Optionally, the floor structure is disposed on the first surface, and each of the antenna elements is disposed around the floor structure.
[0009] Optionally, the floor structure divides the first surface to form a plurality of antenna slots, at least one side of the antenna slot being flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate; at least two of the antenna slots are non-axisymmetrically arranged, and each antenna slot contains one of the antenna elements.
[0010] Optionally, the floor structure forms a defective structure, which divides the floor structure into multiple floor segments, and the multiple floor segments are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the dielectric substrate;
[0011] Each of the floor segments forms an antenna slot, at least one side of which is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate. At least two of the antenna slots are non-axially symmetrically arranged, and each antenna slot contains one of the antenna elements.
[0012] Optionally, the projection of the floor branch onto the first surface is L-shaped, the L-shaped structure including a long side and a short side; the long side and short side of two adjacent floor branches are arranged adjacently; and / or
[0013] The spacing between two adjacent floor segments is the same.
[0014] Optionally, the antenna slot includes a first slot and a second slot communicating with the first slot, one side of the first slot being flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate, and one side of the second slot being flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate.
[0015] The antenna element includes a radiating stub and a feed stub connected to the radiating stub, the radiating stub being located in the first slot and the feed stub being located in the second slot.
[0016] Optionally, the first groove includes a first side flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate, and the second groove includes a second side flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate, wherein the second side and the first side are located on different sides of the dielectric substrate.
[0017] The projection of the radiating branch onto the first surface is semi-circular, the semi-circle including an arc surface and a straight surface, the arc surface facing the first side surface and the straight surface facing away from the first side surface; the feeding branch extends from the second side surface to the radiating branch, and the extension direction of the feeding branch is consistent with the extension direction of the straight surface.
[0018] Optionally, it may also include multiple guide structures disposed at each of the top corners of the first surface, the guide structures being sandwiched with the floor structure to form the second groove.
[0019] Optionally, the projections of each antenna element and the ground structure onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric figures.
[0020] Optionally, it also includes a resonant ring structure disposed on the first surface and located within the defective ground structure, with each of the antenna elements arranged around the resonant ring structure.
[0021] Optionally, the spacing between each antenna element and the resonant ring structure is the same; and / or
[0022] The projections of each antenna element, the ground plane structure, and the resonant ring structure onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric figures.
[0023] Optionally, the number of antenna elements is four, and the four antenna elements are arranged orthogonally; and / or
[0024] The antenna structure is a UWB antenna; and / or
[0025] The antenna element is a monopole antenna; and / or
[0026] The dielectric substrate is an FR4 dielectric substrate.
[0027] In a second aspect, an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an antenna structure as described in the first aspect.
[0028] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure can achieve at least the following beneficial technical effects:
[0029] The antenna structure disclosed herein has at least two antenna elements arranged asymmetrically, thereby arranging multiple asymmetrical antenna elements on the same surface of the dielectric substrate to form an asymmetrical coplanar waveguide structure for feeding. This results in higher isolation between antenna elements, less mutual interference, and allows for a more compact arrangement of each antenna element, thereby reducing the overall size of the antenna. It is also easier to integrate with other terminal devices such as tablet computers and can be effectively applied to 5G communication systems.
[0030] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description
[0031] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0032] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the antenna structure in an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.
[0033] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure is shown.
[0034] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the antenna structure in another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.
[0035] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure is shown.
[0036] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure is shown.
[0037] Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of the antenna structure in yet another exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.
[0038] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure is shown.
[0039] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 The current distribution diagram of the antenna structure is shown.
[0040] Figures 9 to 18 yes Figure 6 The antenna structure shown has radiation patterns at different frequencies.
[0041] Figures 19 to 28 yes Figure 6 The antenna structure shown has 3D radiation patterns at different frequencies. Detailed Implementation
[0042] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure.
[0043] The terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the disclosure. Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure should be understood in their ordinary sense by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “a” or “one,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one, which will be separately stated if referring only to “a.” “A plurality” or “several” means two or more. Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “front,” “rear,” “lower,” and / or “upper,” “top,” “bottom,” and similar terms are for ease of description only and are not limited to a location or spatial orientation. The terms “comprising” or “including,” and similar terms, mean that the elements or objects preceding “comprising” or “including” encompass the elements or objects listed following “comprising” or “including” and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. The word “connection” or “link” is not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can also include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect.
[0044] The antenna structure and electronic equipment of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the features of the following embodiments and implementations can be combined with each other.
[0045] This disclosure provides an electronic device, which may be a mobile phone, tablet computer, or other similar product. The electronic device includes an antenna structure. See also... Figure 1 As shown, the antenna structure includes a dielectric substrate 10, multiple antenna elements 20, and a ground structure 30.
[0046] The dielectric substrate 10 includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. Figure 1 The image shown is a top view of one side of the first surface of the dielectric substrate 10. Multiple antenna elements 20 are disposed on the first surface, and these antenna elements 20 are arranged circumferentially along the dielectric substrate 10 to form an antenna array. At least two antenna elements 20 are non-axisymmetrically arranged to achieve polarization diversity, ensuring that the main radiated energy between the antenna elements is not in the same direction, thus achieving better isolation between the antenna elements. A ground plane structure 30 is disposed on either the first or second surface of the dielectric substrate 10; that is, the ground plane structure 30 can be disposed on either the first or second surface of the dielectric substrate 10. Optionally, the dielectric substrate 10 can be an FR4 dielectric substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4, a loss tangent of 0.02, and a thickness of 2 mm. The antenna elements 20 can be monopole antennas. The antenna elements 20 and the ground plane structure 30 can be metal layers etched onto the surface of the dielectric substrate 10. Optionally, any two of the multiple antenna elements 20 are non-axisymmetrically arranged, which allows the radiated energy of each antenna element 20 to have different directions, further improving the isolation between the antenna elements.
[0047] With the above configuration, the antenna structure of this disclosure arranges multiple antenna elements 20 asymmetrically on the same surface of the same dielectric substrate 10 and arranges them circumferentially along the dielectric substrate 10 to form a miniaturized antenna array. At least two antenna elements 20 are non-axisymmetrically arranged, thereby forming an asymmetrical coplanar waveguide structure for feeding. This achieves polarization diversity, ensuring that the main radiated energy between antenna elements is not in the same direction. This allows for better isolation between antenna elements, resulting in higher isolation and less mutual interference. It also allows for a more compact arrangement of antenna elements, thereby reducing the overall size of the antenna and increasing its bandwidth. This enables the antenna to function as an UBW (Ultra Wide Band) antenna, making it easy to integrate with other terminal devices such as tablet computers, and it can be effectively applied in 5G communication systems.
[0048] In this embodiment, there are four antenna elements 20, arranged orthogonally in a counter-clockwise order. This polarization diversity ensures that the main radiated energy between the antenna elements is not in the same direction, resulting in better isolation between the four stepped antenna elements. The antenna size of this disclosure is 0.25λ0 × 0.25λ0 (λ0 is the free space wavelength corresponding to the lowest operating frequency), which is only 1 / 4 of other antenna structures operating at the same frequency. It should be noted that the number of antenna elements can be set according to actual needs, and this disclosure does not limit this.
[0049] In some optional embodiments, a ground plane structure 30 is disposed on the first surface, and each of the antenna elements 20 is disposed around the ground plane structure 30. This arrangement places the ground plane structure 30 and each antenna element 20 on the same plane, and the ground plane structure 30 can also serve as a radiator. Optionally, the projections of each antenna element 20 and the ground plane structure 30 onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric, which can improve the isolation effect between the antenna elements. It is understood that both the dielectric substrate 10 and the ground plane structure 30 can be designed as rotationally symmetric figures, with each antenna element 20 having the same structure and being rotationally symmetric relative to the center point of the dielectric substrate 10. Taking four antenna elements 20 as an example, the center point of the dielectric substrate 10 is the center of rotational symmetry, and two adjacent antenna elements 20 can overlap each other by rotating 90° relative to the center point of the dielectric substrate 10. Two antenna elements 20 located on opposite sides are centrally symmetric relative to the center point of the dielectric substrate 10, and can overlap each other by rotating 180°. It should be noted that the number of antenna elements can be set according to actual needs, and this disclosure does not limit this.
[0050] In some optional embodiments, the floor structure 30 divides the first surface to form a plurality of antenna slots 11, at least one side of the antenna slot 11 being flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10. At least two antenna slots 11 are non-axisymmetrically arranged, and each antenna slot 11 contains one antenna element 20, such that at least two antenna elements 20 are non-axisymmetrically arranged. The fact that at least one side of the antenna slot 11 is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10 can be used both to radiate antenna signals outward and as a feed port (also called an excitation port) for connection to an electronic device. The connector can be, for example, an SMA (SubMiniature version A) interface, a type of microwave high-frequency connector. Optionally, any two of the plurality of antenna slots 11 are non-axisymmetrically arranged, which can also make any two of each antenna element 20 non-axisymmetrically arranged, so that the radiated energy direction of each antenna element 20 is different, further improving the isolation effect between the antenna elements.
[0051] In some optional embodiments, the antenna slot 11 includes a first slot 12 and a second slot 13 communicating with the first slot 12. One side of the first slot 12 is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10, and one side of the second slot 13 is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10. The antenna element 20 includes a radiating stub 21 and a feed stub 22 connected to the radiating stub 21. The radiating stub 21 is located within the first slot 12 and can radiate antenna signals outward through the side of the first slot 12 flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10. The feed stub 22 is located within the second slot 13 and can serve as a feed port (excitation port), connecting to a connector of an electronic device through the side of the second slot 13 flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10.
[0052] In this embodiment, the area of the radiating stub 21 is larger than the area of the feeding stub 22, and correspondingly, the area of the first slot 12 is larger than the area of the second slot 13. There are four antenna elements 20, and the radiating stubs 21 of the four antenna elements 20 are arranged orthogonally and perpendicularly to each other, achieving polarization diversity so that the main radiated energy between the antenna elements is not in the same direction, thus achieving better isolation between the four stepped antenna elements.
[0053] Furthermore, the first groove 12 includes a first side surface 14 flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10, and the second groove 13 includes a second side surface 15 flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10. The second side surface 15 and the first side surface 14 are located on different sides of the dielectric substrate 10. It is understood that the first side surface 14 is used for the radiating stub 21 to radiate antenna signals outward, and the second side surface 15 is used for the connection between the feed stub 22 and the connector of the electronic device. Positioning the first side surface 14 and the second side surface 15 on different sides of the dielectric substrate 10 can reduce interference from metal devices such as connectors to the antenna signals.
[0054] In this embodiment, the projection of the radiating stub 21 onto the first surface is semi-circular. The semi-circle includes an arc surface and a straight surface, with the arc surface facing the first side surface 14 and the straight surface facing away from the first side surface 14. The feed stub 22 extends from the second side surface 15 to the radiating stub 21, and the extension direction of the feed stub 22 is consistent with the extension direction of the straight surface. Both the first slot 12 and the second slot 13 are rectangular, sufficient to accommodate the radiating stub 21 and the feed stub 22. This semi-circular design of the radiating stub 21 reduces the size of the antenna element 20.
[0055] In some optional embodiments, the antenna structure further includes a plurality of guide structures 32 disposed at each of the apex corners of the first surface. The guide structures 32 and the ground structure 30 are sandwiched to form the second groove 13. This arrangement makes the second groove 13 form a channel-type structure, facilitating the insertion of connector interfaces of electronic devices and connection to the feed stub 22. It can be understood that, taking a square dielectric substrate 10 and four antenna elements 20 as an example, the number of guide structures 32 is also four, disposed at the four apex corners of the dielectric substrate 10.
[0056] See Figure 2 As shown, is Figure 1 The S-parameter diagram of the antenna structure shown, taking four antenna elements 20 as an example, shows that the frequency range with antenna return loss <-8dB can basically cover 1.71GHz-5GHz. The radiating branches 21 of the four antenna elements 20 are arranged orthogonally and perpendicularly to each other, realizing polarization diversity so that the main radiated energy between the antenna elements is not in the same direction, which can achieve a good isolation effect between the four stepped antenna elements.
[0057] See Figure 3 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the ground structure 30 forms a defective ground structure (DGS) 40, which divides the ground structure 30 into multiple ground segments 31. These multiple ground segments 31 are arranged at circumferential intervals along the dielectric substrate 10. Each ground segment 31 encloses an antenna slot 11, at least one side of which is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10. At least two antenna slots are non-axisymmetrically arranged, and each antenna slot 11 contains one antenna element 20, such that at least two antenna elements 20 are non-axisymmetrically arranged. The fact that at least one side of the antenna slot 11 is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate 10 allows it to both radiate antenna signals and serve as a feed port for connection to electronic devices.
[0058] Understandable. Figure 1 In this embodiment, all antenna elements 20 share the same ground plane structure 30. The coupling between adjacent antenna elements 20 is relatively severe due to the bottom current. The main factor affecting the electromagnetic coupling between the four stepped antenna elements is the flow of surface waves in the ground plane structure. Figure 3In this embodiment, the ground structure 30 is modified to form a defective ground structure 40, which divides the ground structure 30 into multiple spaced-apart ground stubs 31. These stubs create gaps between the antenna elements 20, altering the antenna impedance matching and reducing coupling between adjacent antenna elements 20. Therefore, the defective ground structure design, employing defective decoupling to change the antenna current path, further improves the isolation between antenna elements, thereby reducing system measurement phase interference and increasing angle measurement accuracy. Furthermore, the ground stubs 31 can be equivalent to bent monopole antennas, essentially forming part of the antenna. Together with the antenna elements 20, they constitute a radiating structure, extending the antenna's size and providing better radiation performance at low frequencies.
[0059] Furthermore, to ensure that the projections of each antenna element 20 and the ground plane structure 30 onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric, the spacing between two adjacent ground plane segments 31 is the same, and each ground plane segment 31 has the same structure and is rotationally symmetric relative to the center point of the dielectric substrate 10. In this embodiment, the projection of the ground plane segment 31 onto the first surface is an L-shaped structure, the L-shaped structure including a long side and a short side, and the long side and short side of two adjacent ground plane segments 31 are arranged adjacent to each other.
[0060] See Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, is Figure 3 The S-parameter diagram and current distribution diagram of the antenna structure shown, taking antenna element 20 as a monopole antenna with four elements as an example, demonstrate that after adding the defective ground structure 40, high frequencies are mainly generated by the monopole antennas. The antenna also has good matching performance at low frequencies. When operating at low frequencies, the ground stub and the monopole antennas together constitute the radiation structure, and the ground stub is also equivalent to part of the antenna, enabling the antenna to generate low-frequency bandwidth. From the current path perspective, when one of the monopole antennas is fed, many currents are generated around it, flowing along the ground stub to the surrounding area, thus inducing currents between adjacent antenna elements.
[0061] See Figure 6 As shown, in some optional embodiments, the antenna structure further includes a resonant ring structure 50 disposed on the first surface and located within the defective ground structure 40, with each antenna element 20 surrounding the resonant ring structure 50. Optionally, the resonant ring structure 50 can be etched onto the surface of the dielectric substrate 10. By adding the resonant ring structure 50 between each antenna element, the coupling of each antenna element 20 in the intermediate frequency band can be reduced. The resonant ring structure 50 can generate a current opposite to that of the antenna element 20, canceling antenna interference, thereby changing the current distribution between antenna elements to enhance isolation.
[0062] Furthermore, the projections of each antenna element 20, the ground plane structure 30, and the resonant ring structure 50 onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric. In this embodiment, the resonant ring structure 50 is a square ring, i.e., a "U"-shaped structure. It is understood that the dielectric substrate 10 and the resonant ring structure 50 themselves can be designed as rotationally symmetric figures, with identical structures for each antenna element 20 and each ground plane branch 31, and all being rotationally symmetric relative to the center point of the dielectric substrate 10. To ensure that the projections of each antenna element 20, the ground plane structure 30, and the resonant ring structure 50 onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric, the spacing between each antenna element 20 and the resonant ring structure 50 is the same.
[0063] See Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, is Figure 6 The S-parameter diagram and current distribution diagram of the antenna structure shown, taking antenna element 20 as a monopole antenna with four elements as an example, show that the current bandwidth is 1.71-5.0GHz, and the frequency range with antenna return loss <-8dB is 1.71-5.0GHz. The isolation between S13 is 1.71-1.97GHz, with a worst value of 12dB, and the remaining frequency bands are all below 15dB. Meanwhile, the isolation of S12 and S14 is below 15dB across the entire frequency band, compared to... Figure 1 The antenna structure shown improves performance by an average of 3-4 dB. By adding the resonant ring structure 50, a current opposite to that of the antenna element 20 can be generated on the resonant ring structure 50, canceling antenna interference and reducing coupling between antenna elements 20 in the middle frequency band. This alters the current distribution between antenna elements, thereby enhancing isolation. See also... Figures 9 to 28 As shown, is Figure 6 The antenna structure shown includes radiation patterns at different frequencies and a 3D radiation pattern. Figures 9 to 18 The red curve in the diagram represents the E-plane, and the blue curve represents the H-plane. It can be seen that the antenna's radiation pattern exhibits good radiation characteristics, with the radiation primarily concentrated on the top and bottom sides.
[0064] The antenna structure disclosed herein enables 5G UWB MIMO antenna design within a relatively small size constraint. By employing an asymmetric coplanar waveguide structure, the size of the antenna elements is reduced. The defective ground structure design achieves high isolation between antenna elements, thereby reducing system measurement phase interference. Polarization diversity is achieved by arranging the four antenna elements orthogonally and perpendicularly, ensuring that the main radiated energy between the antenna elements is not in the same direction, thus providing good isolation between the four stepped antenna elements.
[0065] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosed embodiments herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and embodiments are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the claims.
[0066] It should be understood that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this disclosure and is not intended to limit this disclosure. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this disclosure should be included within the scope of protection of this disclosure.
Claims
1. An antenna structure, characterized in that, include: A dielectric substrate, including a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; Multiple antenna elements are disposed on the first surface, and the multiple antenna elements are arranged at circumferential intervals along the dielectric substrate to form an antenna array, and at least two of the antenna elements are non-axisymmetrically arranged; A floor structure is disposed on the first surface or the second surface.
2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The floor structure is disposed on the first surface, and each of the antenna elements is disposed around the floor structure.
3. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The floor structure is divided on the first surface to form a plurality of antenna slots, at least one side of the antenna slot is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate; at least two of the antenna slots are non-axisymmetrically arranged, and each antenna slot contains an antenna element.
4. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The floor structure forms a defective structure, which divides the floor structure into multiple floor segments, and the multiple floor segments are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the dielectric substrate; Each of the floor segments forms an antenna slot, at least one side of which is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate. At least two of the antenna slots are non-axially symmetrically arranged, and each antenna slot contains one of the antenna elements.
5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The projection of the floor segment onto the first surface forms an L-shaped structure, the L-shaped structure including a long side and a short side; the long side and short side of two adjacent floor segments are arranged adjacently; and / or The spacing between two adjacent floor segments is the same.
6. The antenna structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The antenna slot includes a first slot and a second slot communicating with the first slot. One side of the first slot is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate, and one side of the second slot is flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate. The antenna element includes a radiating stub and a feed stub connected to the radiating stub, the radiating stub being located in the first slot and the feed stub being located in the second slot.
7. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first groove includes a first side flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate, and the second groove includes a second side flush with the edge of the dielectric substrate. The second side and the first side are located on different sides of the dielectric substrate. The projection of the radiating branch onto the first surface is semi-circular, the semi-circle including an arc surface and a straight surface, the arc surface facing the first side surface and the straight surface facing away from the first side surface; the feeding branch extends from the second side surface to the radiating branch, and the extension direction of the feeding branch is consistent with the extension direction of the straight surface.
8. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes multiple guide structures, which are disposed at each of the top corners of the first surface, and the guide structures are sandwiched with the floor structure to form the second groove.
9. The antenna structure according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The projections of each antenna element and the ground structure onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric figures.
10. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a resonant ring structure disposed on the first surface and located within the defective ground structure, with each of the antenna elements arranged around the resonant ring structure.
11. The antenna structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The spacing between each antenna element and the resonant ring structure is the same; and / or The projections of each antenna element, the ground plane structure, and the resonant ring structure onto the first surface are rotationally symmetric figures.
12. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of antenna elements is four, and the four antenna elements are arranged orthogonally; and / or The antenna structure is a UWB antenna; and / or The antenna element is a monopole antenna; and / or The dielectric substrate is an FR4 dielectric substrate.
13. An electronic device, characterized in that, The antenna structure includes any one of claims 1-12.