Organic solar cell
By using incandescent lamp-irradiated thermal annealing technology, the problem of severe heat loss in traditional thermal annealing processes is solved, improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of organic solar cells and making them suitable for large-scale, low-cost production.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHENZHEN TECH UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-26
AI Technical Summary
Traditional thermal annealing processes result in significant heat loss in organic solar cells, leading to high energy consumption. This makes them unsuitable for large-scale, low-cost roll-to-roll production, and also results in low photoelectric conversion efficiency.
Incandescent lamp irradiation annealing technology is used to directly treat the organic active layer with photothermal radiation, replacing the traditional heating table annealing and improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic active layer.
It improves the open-circuit voltage and fill factor of organic solar cells, significantly enhancing photoelectric conversion efficiency and making them suitable for industrial production.
Smart Images
Figure CN224290537U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the technical field of organic solar cells, and more specifically to an organic solar cell. Background Technology
[0002] Among related technologies, thermal annealing is the most classic and widely used post-processing method for organic solar cells. However, traditional thermal annealing processes have limitations. When uniformly heating the device substrate, heat needs to pass through the glass substrate and hole interface layer to reach the active layer region. An excessively long heating path leads to significant heat loss and high energy consumption, which is not conducive to future large-scale, low-cost roll-to-roll production processes. Utility Model Content
[0003] This application provides an organic solar cell to solve the problem of low photoelectric conversion efficiency in organic solar cells.
[0004] This application provides an organic solar cell, comprising:
[0005] Substrate;
[0006] An anode layer is stacked on one side of the substrate;
[0007] A phosphonic acid group-modified layer is stacked on the side of the anode layer opposite to the substrate;
[0008] An organic active layer is stacked on the side of the phosphonic acid group modified layer opposite to the anode layer, and the organic active layer is used for photothermal radiation annealing.
[0009] A cathode interface modification layer is stacked on the side of the organic active layer opposite to the phosphonic acid group modification layer;
[0010] A cathode layer is stacked on the side of the cathode interface modification layer opposite to the organic active layer.
[0011] Optionally, the material of the phosphonic acid group modification layer is one of [2-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid, [2-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid, [4-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid, or [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid.
[0012] Optionally, the thickness of the phosphonic acid group modified layer is 5 nm to 50 nm.
[0013] Optionally, the organic active layer is made of PM6 and L8-BO.
[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the organic active layer is 30 nm to 500 nm.
[0015] Optionally, the material of the cathode interface modification layer is one of PNDIT-F3N, PDINO, or PDIN.
[0016] Optionally, the thickness of the cathode interface modification layer is 5 nm to 30 nm.
[0017] Optionally, the thickness of the substrate is 1.0 mm to 1.2 mm.
[0018] Optionally, the thickness of the cathode layer is 20nm~200nm.
[0019] Optionally, the thickness of the anode layer is 180 nm to 220 nm.
[0020] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the organic solar cells provided in this application improve the open-circuit voltage and fill factor to varying degrees by placing the organic active layer under incandescent lamp for photothermal radiation annealing, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Attached Figure Description
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.
[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the organic solar cell structure according to an embodiment of this application;
[0023] Figure 2 This is a process flow diagram of an embodiment of this application;
[0024] Figure 3 The JV curve of the organic solar cell of Example 1 of this application;
[0025] Figure 4 The JV curve of the organic solar cell of Example 2 of this application;
[0026] Figure 5 The JV curve of the organic solar cell of Example 3 of this application;
[0027] Figure 6 This is the JV curve of the organic solar cell of Example 4 of this application.
[0028] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:
[0029] 100. Organic solar cell; 1. Substrate; 2. Anode layer; 3. Phosphonic acid group modification layer; 4. Organic active layer; 5. Cathode interface modification layer; 6. Cathode layer; 7. Positive electrode; 8. Heating platform; 9. Incandescent lamp. Detailed Implementation
[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0031] It should also be understood that the terminology used in this specification is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the application. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
[0032] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.
[0033] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this application provides an organic solar cell 100, which improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell 100 and provides a feasible solution for the industrial production of the organic solar cell 100. The organic solar cell 100 includes a substrate 1, an anode layer 2, a phosphonic acid group modification layer 3, an organic active layer 4, a cathode interface modification layer 5, and a cathode layer 6. The anode layer 2 is stacked on one side of the substrate 1; the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3 is stacked on the side of the anode layer 2 opposite to the substrate 1; the organic active layer 4 is stacked on the side of the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3 opposite to the anode layer 2, and the organic active layer 4 is used for photothermal radiation annealing; the cathode interface modification layer 5 is stacked on the side of the organic active layer 4 opposite to the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3; and the cathode layer 6 is stacked on the side of the cathode interface modification layer 5 opposite to the organic active layer 4.
[0034] Compared with related technologies, the organic solar cell 100 provided in this application improves the open-circuit voltage and fill factor to varying degrees by placing the organic active layer 4 under an incandescent lamp 9 for photothermal radiation annealing, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1As shown, substrate 1 provides physical support for organic solar cell 100, preventing internal deformation. Substrate 1 also requires good light transmittance to allow sunlight to penetrate the organic active layer 4, thereby improving charge transport efficiency.
[0036] Optionally, the substrate 1 is at least one of transparent glass, transparent polymer, or transparent metal. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the substrate 1 may also be a flexible material substrate 1.
[0037] Furthermore, the substrate 1 can be circular, elliptical, rectangular, etc., and can be flexibly selected according to actual needs, without specific limitations here.
[0038] Optionally, the anode layer 2 is stacked on one side of the substrate 1. The anode layer 2 can effectively balance conductivity and light transmittance, reducing the light loss of the organic solar cell 100.
[0039] Specifically, the anode layer 2 is made of indium tin oxide (ITO). ITO has high conductivity and chemical stability, making it suitable for the anode layer 2 of organic solar cells. As the anode layer 2, indium tin oxide can not only improve charge transport efficiency, but also serve as the current input electrode for external circuits, transferring external electrical energy to the organic active layer 4 of the organic solar cell 100.
[0040] Optionally, a phosphonic acid group-modified layer 3 is stacked on the side of the anode layer 2 facing away from the substrate 1. The phosphonic acid group-modified layer 3 serves to transport holes, realize the separation of electrons and holes, and thereby reduce the cracking that occurs during the formation of the organic active layer 4.
[0041] Optionally, the organic active layer 4 is stacked on the side of the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 facing away from the anode layer 2, and the organic active layer 4 is used for photothermal radiation annealing. The function of the organic active layer 4 is to absorb photons and generate excitons. The more photons the organic active layer 4 absorbs, the more excitons are formed, and the higher the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0042] Furthermore, the organic active layer 4 is used for photothermal radiation annealing. Specifically, an incandescent lamp 9 is used to perform photothermal radiation annealing on the organic active layer 4. The power of the incandescent lamp 9 is 70W~220W, the photothermal radiation annealing time is 1min~15min, and the photothermal radiation annealing distance is 1cm~48cm.
[0043] For example, the power of the incandescent lamp 9 can include values such as 70W, 90W, 120W, 170W, 190W, 210W, and 220W, thereby controlling the thermal radiation intensity of the incandescent lamp 9. Annealing times include values such as 1min, 3min, 5min, 7min, 9min, 11min, 13min, and 15min, with optimal results achieved within this time range to avoid incomplete annealing. Annealing distances include values such as 1cm, 10cm, 20cm, 30cm, 40cm, 45cm, and 48cm. When the distance is greater than 48cm, the radiant energy is dispersed, and the temperature rises slowly; when the distance is less than 1cm, the local temperature is high, and the temperature rises rapidly.
[0044] Optionally, the cathode interface modification layer 5 is stacked on the side of the organic active layer 4 opposite to the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3. The cathode interface modification layer 5 is used to promote electron extraction, block holes, reduce interfacial recombination, and protect the organic active layer 4 from the influence of diffusion from the cathode layer 6.
[0045] Optionally, the cathode layer 6 is stacked on the side of the cathode interface modification layer 5 facing away from the organic active layer 4. The cathode layer 6 is used to collect electrons and reflect unabsorbed light back to the organic active layer 4. The cathode layer 6 can also serve as the negative electrode of the external circuit, forming a closed loop together with the positive electrode of the external circuit to improve charge transfer efficiency.
[0046] It should be noted that there can be one or more cathode layers 6. The specific number of cathode layers can be selected according to the actual situation, and no further restrictions are made here.
[0047] In some embodiments, the material of the phosphonic acid group-modified layer 3 is one of [2-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid, [2-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid, [4-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid, or [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid. Phosphonic acid compounds have high conductivity and can achieve effective electron-hole separation.
[0048] Optionally, the phosphonic acid group-modified layer 3 uses (2-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl)phosphonic acid (2PACz) as a raw material. 2PACz has the function of extracting and transporting holes, and can extract holes from the organic active layer 4 and transport them to the anode layer 2. Electrons and holes are collected through the electrode layer to form a driving current, thereby reducing the loss of holes and electrons.
[0049] In some embodiments, the thickness of the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 is 5 nm to 50 nm.
[0050] For example, the thickness of the phosphonic acid group-modified layer 3 can be 5 nm, 15 nm, 25 nm, 35 nm, 45 nm, and 50 nm, etc. When the thickness of the phosphonic acid group-modified layer 3 is less than 5 nm, the coverage of the phosphonic acid group-modified layer 3 will be incomplete, and a continuous film cannot be formed, thereby reducing the fill factor. Secondly, poor interface contact affects the open-circuit voltage. In addition, if the thickness is too small, it cannot block impurities in the substrate 1; when the thickness is greater than 50 nm, the decrease in transmittance will reduce the number of photons absorbed by the organic active layer 4, resulting in poor contact between the anode layer 2 and the organic active layer 4, a decrease in short-circuit current density, and a decrease in photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0051] In some embodiments, the organic active layer 4 is made of PM6 and L8-BO. The absorption spectrum of PM6 covers the visible to near-infrared region, which can complement the absorption of L8-BO, resulting in high energy level matching and thus improving the open-circuit voltage.
[0052] Optionally, the PM6 concentration is limited to 7 mg / mL to 8 mg / mL, and the L8-BO concentration is limited to 8.4 mg / mL to 9.6 mg / mL. Specifically, the mass ratio of PM6 to L8-BO is 1:1 to 1.2, for example, ratios include 1:1, 1:1.05, 1:1.1, 1:1.15, and 1:1.2, as well as values within any two of the aforementioned specific values. By controlling the ratio of PM6 to L8-BO, the acceptor molecules are arranged more tightly and orderly in the organic active layer 4, thereby improving the internal carrier physics processes, enhancing exciton dissociation, improving charge transport, and reducing charge recombination, thus significantly increasing the short-circuit current density and fill factor of the battery device, and consequently achieving higher photoelectric conversion efficiency.
[0053] Optionally, PM6 is poly[(2,6-(4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)-4-fluorothiophene-2-yl)-benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1',3'-bis-2-thiophene-5',7'-bis(2-ethylhexyl)benzo[1',2'-c:4',5'-c']dithiophene-4,8-dione))]; L8-BO is 2,2'-((2Z,2'Z)-( (12,13-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,9-(2-butyloctyl)-12,13-dihydro-[1,2,5]thiadiazo[3,4-E]thieno[2",3':4',5']thieno[2',3':4,5]pyrrolo[3,2-G]thieno[2',3':4,5]thieno[3,2-B]indole-2,10-diyl)bis(methylene))bis(5,6-difluoro-3-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1-hydro-indene-2,1-ylidene))dicarboxylon.
[0054] In some embodiments, the thickness of the organic active layer 4 is 30 nm to 500 nm.
[0055] For example, the thickness of the organic active layer 4 includes values such as 30 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, and 500 nm. When the thickness of the organic active layer 4 is less than 30 nm, the organic active layer 4 cannot fully absorb incident photons, especially in the region with long wavelengths greater than 600 nm, where the photon penetration depth exceeds the thickness of the organic active layer 4. Insufficient light absorption and reduced exciton dissociation efficiency result in a decrease in short-circuit current density. When the thickness is greater than 500 nm, charge carriers need to travel a longer path to reach the cathode layer 6, increasing charge transport resistance.
[0056] In some embodiments, the cathode interface modification layer 5 is made of one of PNDIT-F3N, PDINO, or PDIN. The cathode interface modification layer 5 can promote electron extraction, block holes, and reduce current impedance, thereby improving the charge transport rate.
[0057] Optionally, the cathode interface modification layer 5 can be made of PNDIT-F3N material. Compared with traditional inorganic materials, PNDIT-F3N has higher mechanical strength and compatibility, and can be processed at room temperature without the need for high-temperature annealing. Compared with other small molecule interface materials and novel zwitterionic materials, PNDIT-F3N has high conductivity and chemical stability, making it more suitable for the organic active layer 4.
[0058] Optionally, PNDIT-F3N is poly[(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7-peramino)-5,5′-bis(2,2′-thiophene)-2,6-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-tetracarboxy-N,N′-bis(2-ethylhexyl)imine].
[0059] In some embodiments, the thickness of the cathode interface modification layer 5 is 5 nm to 30 nm.
[0060] For example, the thickness of the cathode interface modification layer 5 includes values such as 5 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, and 30 nm. When the thickness of the cathode interface modification layer 5 is too thin, it cannot completely cover the surface of the organic active layer 4, resulting in discontinuous charge transport paths and decreased charge transport efficiency. When the thickness is too thick, the charge transport path is too long, increasing the transport distance from the organic active layer 4 to the cathode layer 6, increasing transport resistance, and thus reducing the fill factor.
[0061] In some embodiments, the thickness of substrate 1 is 1.0 mm to 1.2 mm. Substrate 1 provides physical support for organic solar cell 100, preventing internal deformation and damage. It should be noted that the combination of substrate 1 and anode layer 2 enables both charge transfer and light energy utilization of organic solar cell 100, and also provides moisture protection, thereby protecting the internal structure of the cell.
[0062] For example, the thickness of substrate 1 includes values such as 1.0 mm, 1.05 mm, 1.1 mm, 1.15 mm, and 1.2 mm. When the thickness of substrate 1 is too small, it will result in insufficient mechanical strength, easy deformation during use, and more prone to thermal shrinkage during high-temperature processing, leading to problems such as uneven solution coating; when the thickness is too large, the light transmittance is poor, and the light utilization rate of organic active layer 4 is reduced.
[0063] In some embodiments, the thickness of the cathode layer 6 is 20 nm to 200 nm. The cathode layer 6 can collect electrons and act as the negative electrode of the external circuit, corresponding to the positive electrode of the external circuit to form a closed loop of the external circuit, so that charge can be transferred within the closed loop, ensuring efficient charge collection.
[0064] For example, the thickness of the cathode layer 6 includes values such as 20nm, 50nm, 100nm, 120nm, 150nm, 180nm, and 200nm. When the thickness of the cathode layer 6 is less than 20nm, a discontinuous electrode interface will be formed, resulting in an incomplete charge transport path, increased resistance, and thus affecting conductivity. When the thickness is greater than 200nm, a longer evaporation time is required, increasing raw material consumption and preparation costs.
[0065] In some embodiments, the thickness of the anode layer 2 is 180 nm to 220 nm. The anode layer 2 has high conductivity and high transmittance, which can balance conductivity and transmittance.
[0066] For example, the thickness of the anode layer 2 includes values such as 180nm, 190nm, 200nm, 210nm, and 220nm. When the thickness is less than 180nm, the carrier migration path is restricted, the resistance increases, and the conductivity decreases; when the thickness of the anode layer 2 is greater than 220nm, it will lead to a decrease in light transmittance, thereby reducing the light utilization efficiency.
[0067] In some embodiments, the organic solar cell 100 further includes a positive electrode 7 electrically connected to the anode layer 2. The positive electrode 7 is disposed at intervals from the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3, the organic active layer 4, the cathode interface modification layer 5, and the cathode layer 6. The positive electrode 7 is used for electrical connection to an external circuit.
[0068] The following describes the preparation method of the organic solar cell 100 of this application, such as... Figure 2 As shown, it includes the following steps:
[0069] Pre-treatment is performed on substrate 1 and anode layer 2;
[0070] After spin-coating 2PACz onto substrate 1 and anode layer 2, it is transferred to heating stage 8 for annealing to obtain phosphonic acid group modified layer 3;
[0071] PM6 and L8-BO were dissolved in the first solvent to obtain an organic active layer solution. The organic active layer solution was then coated onto the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 and placed under an incandescent lamp 9 for photothermal radiation annealing to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0072] After dissolving PNDIT-F3N in a second solvent to obtain a cathode interface modification layer solution, spin-coating the cathode interface modification layer solution onto the organic active layer 4 to obtain a cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0073] Metal is prepared by vapor deposition of the cathode interface modification layer to obtain cathode layer 6.
[0074] The method for preparing the organic solar cell 100 provided in this application has the following effects: the organic active layer 4 is placed under an incandescent lamp 9 for photothermal radiation annealing, which replaces the traditional heating stage 8 for annealing. This allows for direct contact between the heat energy and the organic active layer 4, providing molecular driving force for the acceptor. It can more effectively control the phase separation scale and crystal orientation, thereby obtaining a better active layer morphology, which is beneficial for the extraction and dissociation of excitons, and achieving a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell 100.
[0075] In some embodiments, the pretreatment includes the following steps: first, initial cleaning with a cleaning solution, then ultrasonic cleaning for 10 to 20 minutes, followed by drying in an oven at 70°C to 90°C, and finally cleaning with ultraviolet light or plasma ozone for 15 to 30 minutes to complete the treatment.
[0076] For example, the cleaning solution can be one or more of deionized water, ethanol, and isopropanol. The ultrasonic time can be 10 min, 12 min, 14 min, 16 min, 18 min, 20 min, etc. When the ultrasonic time is less than 10 min, only light contaminants on the surface can be cleaned, and the cleaning effect cannot be achieved; when the ultrasonic time is greater than 20 min, it will cause deformation of the substrate 1.
[0077] For example, the drying temperature inside the oven can be 70℃, 75℃, 80℃, 85℃, 90℃, etc. When the drying temperature is below 70℃, incomplete drying will cause interface defects; when the drying temperature is above 90℃, it will cause thermal deformation or chemical degradation of substrate 1. The cleaning time using ultraviolet or plasma ozone can be 15 min, 18 min, 20 min, 25 min, and 30 min, etc. When the cleaning time using ultraviolet or plasma ozone is less than 15 min, the cleaning is incomplete; when the cleaning time exceeds 30 min, excessive oxidation will lead to an increase in surface oxygen vacancies, surface carbonization, or micropore formation.
[0078] In some embodiments, after spin-coating the 2PACz anode layer 2, it is transferred to a heating stage 8 for annealing to obtain the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3, including the following steps:
[0079] Step 1: Spin coat 2PACz onto anode layer 2 using a spin coater at a speed of 3000 rpm to 5000 rpm for 25 to 30 seconds.
[0080] For example, when the spin speed is less than 3000 rpm, the spin coating is insufficient, resulting in micropores or cracks inside the film, which reduces mechanical strength and light transmittance. When the spin speed is greater than 5000 rpm, the high speed will cause the solution to splash, which will reduce the interface uniformity of the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 and increase the surface resistance. When the spin coating time is less than 25s, the solvent will remain and may even cause chemical corrosion, resulting in poor interface uniformity. When the spin coating time is greater than 30s, the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 will be over-dried, making the film brittle.
[0081] Step 2: Perform hot table annealing on the spin-coated 2PACz at 80℃~120℃ for 8min~12min.
[0082] For example, annealing 2PACz can promote the adhesion between the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 and the substrate 1, reduce the risk of interlayer delamination during device operation, increase mechanical stability, and also provide moisture protection or barrier function. When annealing is above 120°C, chemical decomposition occurs, resulting in decreased conductivity and light transmittance; when annealing is below 80°C, residual solution or solvent will affect conductivity; when annealing time is above 12 min, the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 becomes excessively dry, accelerating its shrinkage and easily generating microcracks; when annealing time is below 8 min, the insufficiently annealed phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 has weak adhesion to the substrate 1, resulting in decreased conductivity.
[0083] In some embodiments, PM6 and L8-BO are dissolved in a first solvent to obtain an organic active layer solution. The organic active layer solution is then coated onto the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3, and the layer is subjected to photothermal radiation annealing under an incandescent lamp 9 to obtain the organic active layer 4. This process includes the following steps:
[0084] Step 1: Dissolve the active layer material PM6:L8-BO in the first solvent to form a donor-acceptor mixed solution. The concentration of the donor PM6 in the active layer is 7 mg / mL to 8 mg / mL, and the concentration of the acceptor L8-BO is 8.4 mg / mL to 9.6 mg / mL, to obtain the original organic active layer solution.
[0085] Step 2: The original organic active layer solution is heated at 40℃~60℃ for 0.5h~1.5h to obtain an organic active layer solution; the original organic active layer solution is heated and then coated, and the morphology or molecular arrangement of the formed organic active layer 4 is optimized to enhance light absorption and charge carrier collection, thereby improving charge transport efficiency.
[0086] When the temperature is above 60℃, the organic active layer 4 undergoes excessive crystallization or decomposition; when the temperature is below 40℃, it is difficult to effectively regulate the organic active layer 4. When the heating time is less than 0.5h, insufficient dissolution and the residue of the first solvent reduce the charge transport efficiency; when the heating time is greater than 1.5h, thermal degradation and excessive evaporation of the first solvent will occur, further affecting the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current density.
[0087] Step 3: Coat the organic active layer solution onto the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0088] In some embodiments, PNDIT-F3N is dissolved in a second solvent to obtain a cathode interface modification layer solution, and then the cathode interface modification layer solution is spin-coated onto the organic active layer 4 to obtain a cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0089] Optionally, the concentration of the cathode interface modification layer solution is 0.5 mg / mL to 1 mg / mL; the second solvent can be a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, with a volume ratio of methanol to acetic acid of 1000:5 to 10. The second solvent, a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid, has complementary polarities, which can effectively dissolve highly crystalline polymers such as PNDIT-F3N, inhibit molecular aggregation, and optimize carrier transport efficiency.
[0090] For example, when the volume ratio of methanol to acetic acid is less than 1000:5, excess methanol can easily cause viscosity and corrosion problems, affecting the stability of the cathode interface modification layer 5; when the volume ratio of methanol to acetic acid is greater than 1000:10, excess methanol will reduce the solubility and film quality of the cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0091] For example, the concentrations of the cathode interface modification layer solution are 0.5 mg / mL, 0.6 mg / mL, 0.8 mg / mL, and 1 mg / mL. When the concentration is greater than 1 mg / mL, an excessively thick film is easily formed during spin coating, increasing the series resistance. At the same time, excessive molecular aggregation will disrupt the interface energy level matching and hinder electron transport. When the concentration is less than 0.5 mg / mL, the surface of the cathode interface modification layer 5 cannot be continuously covered, resulting in discontinuous charge transport paths.
[0092] Optionally, the cathode interface modification layer solution is spin-coated onto the organic active layer 4 and allowed to stand and dry for 10 min to 30 min to obtain the cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0093] For example, the cathode interface modification layer solution is spin-coated onto the organic active layer 4, and the standing drying time can be 10 min, 15 min, 20 min, 25 min, and 30 min, etc. When the standing drying time is less than 10 min, the second solvent does not evaporate sufficiently, resulting in some residue of the second solvent; when the standing drying time is greater than 30 min, contaminants or impurities are mixed into the cathode interface modification layer solution.
[0094] In some embodiments, metal is deposited on the cathode interface modification layer 5 by vapor deposition to obtain the cathode layer 6.
[0095] For example, the cathode layer 6 is made of Ag, Al, Au, or Cu, with a thickness of 20 nm to 200 nm, including values such as 20 nm, 50 nm, 80 nm, 100 nm, 150 nm, and 200 nm. When the thickness of the cathode layer 6 is less than 20 nm, the conductivity is insufficient; when the thickness is greater than 200 nm, it will lead to a decrease in light transmittance and light utilization.
[0096] In some embodiments, metal is deposited on the cathode interface modification layer 5 to obtain the cathode layer 6, and a positive electrode 7 electrically connected to the anode layer 2 is also formed. The positive electrode 7 is spaced apart from the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3, the organic active layer 4, the cathode interface modification layer 5 and the cathode layer 6. The positive electrode 7 is used to electrically connect to an external circuit.
[0097] It should be noted that, if necessary, the positive electrode 7 can be used as a substitute material for the anode layer 2. The positive electrode 7 does not directly contact the organic active layer 4, the cathode interface modification layer 5, and the cathode layer 6 to avoid short circuits. When the organic solar cell 100 is connected to an external circuit, the positive electrode 7 can also serve as the positive terminal of the external circuit, collecting holes and forming a current loop through the external circuit, thus forming a complete electrical path together with the cathode layer 6.
[0098] The specific structure of the organic solar cell 100 of this application and the method for preparing the organic solar cell 100 are described below with reference to specific embodiments.
[0099] Example 1
[0100] This embodiment provides an organic solar cell 100, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a substrate 1, an anode layer 2, a phosphonic acid group modification layer 3, an organic active layer 4, a cathode interface modification layer 5, and a cathode layer 6.
[0101] The substrate 1 is transparent glass, the anode layer 2 is ITO with a total thickness of 1.2 mm, the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3 is made of 2PACz with a thickness of 5 nm, the organic active layer 4 is made of PM6:L8-BO with a thickness of 100 nm, the cathode interface modification layer 5 is made of PNDIT-F3N with a thickness of 10 nm, and the cathode layer 6 is a silver electrode with a thickness of 100 nm.
[0102] The preparation method is as follows:
[0103] Step 1: Provide substrate 1 and anode layer 2;
[0104] Specifically, the surface of substrate 1 was wiped with a clean cotton swab moistened with ethanol, and then placed in deionized water and isopropanol for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes each. After that, it was placed in a constant temperature oven for drying, and finally treated with an ultraviolet ozone generator for 15 minutes to make the surface of substrate 1 clean and free of impurities.
[0105] Step 2: Prepare a phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 on the anode layer 2;
[0106] Step 3: Prepare an organic active layer 4 on the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3;
[0107] Specifically, the polymer PM6:L8-BO is dissolved in chloroform to form a donor-acceptor mixed solution, wherein the concentration of PM6 is 7 mg / mL and the concentration of L8-BO is 8.4 mg / mL, to obtain the original solution of the organic active layer; the original solution of the organic active layer is coated on the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0108] Step 4: Place the organic active layer 4 under an incandescent lamp 9 for photothermal radiation annealing;
[0109] Specifically, the prepared organic active layer 4 film is placed under an incandescent lamp 9, with the surface of the organic active layer 4 10cm away from the incandescent lamp 9. The output power of the incandescent lamp 9 is 90W, 120W, 170W and 220W respectively, and the annealing time is 5min.
[0110] Step 5: Prepare a cathode interface modification layer 5 on the organic active layer 4;
[0111] Specifically, PNDIT-F3N is dissolved in a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid at a volume ratio of 1000:5 to form a cathode interface modification layer solution with a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL. The dissolved cathode interface modification layer solution is then spin-coated onto the organic active layer 4 using a spin coater.
[0112] Step 6: Prepare cathode layer 6 on cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0113] Specifically, a metal evaporation source device was used to deposit a silver electrode on the cathode interface modification layer 5, with a thickness of 40 nm, and a vacuum degree of 4 × 10⁻⁶. -5 Pa.
[0114] The output power of the annealed active layer of the incandescent lamp 9 in Example 1 was adjusted to 90W, 120W, 170W, and 220W respectively, with a distance of 10cm. The organic solar cells 100 finally prepared according to the steps of Example 1 were labeled as Sample 1-1, Sample 1-2, Sample 1-3, and Sample 1-4 respectively. Performance testing was conducted under AM1.5G standard sunlight using a solar simulator without pretreatment. The open-circuit voltage (i.e., the open-circuit voltage provided by the solar simulator) was read. V OC ), Short-Circuit Current Density (SCD) J SC The test results of the fill factor (FF) are used to calculate the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE) based on the following formula (1).
[0115] PCE = ( V oc × J sc × FF) / P in × 100% (1)
[0116] in, P in The incident light power is expressed in mW / cm² or W / m², typically taken as 100 mW / cm² under standard test conditions AM1.5G.
[0117] As shown in Table 1, organic solar cells 100 were prepared by annealing the organic active layer 4 under incandescent lamps 9 with different output powers for 5 minutes after preparation. The PCE (Power Consumption Equation) increased with increasing output power. When the output power reached 220W, the PCE showed a decreasing trend. This is because excessively high power is accompanied by higher temperatures, which can cause thermal degradation of the donor or acceptor polymers, damaging their chemical structure or morphology, reducing charge separation and transport capabilities, and thus affecting cell performance. Therefore, the output power for annealing the organic active layer in this application does not exceed 170W.
[0118] like Figure 3 As shown, the JV curves of the organic solar cell 100 prepared by annealing for 5 min under different output power conditions in Example 1 of this application are shown under AM 1.5G standard simulated sunlight. The output power is in the range of 90W~220W. As the output power increases, V... oc The increase in FF also has a positive impact on the improvement of PCE. When the output power is 170W, the PCE value of organic solar cell 100 is the highest.
[0119] Table 1 Performance test results of organic solar cell samples in Example 1
[0120]
[0121] Example 2
[0122] This embodiment provides an organic solar cell 100, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a substrate 1, an anode layer 2, a phosphonic acid group modification layer 3, an organic active layer 4, a cathode interface modification layer 5, and a cathode layer 6.
[0123] The substrate 1 is made of transparent glass, the anode layer 2 is made of ITO with a total thickness of 1.2 mm, the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3 is made of 2PACz with a thickness of 5 nm, the organic active layer 4 is made of PM6:L8-BO with a thickness of 100 nm, the cathode interface modification layer 5 is made of PNDIT-F3N with a thickness of 10 nm, and the cathode layer 6 is a silver electrode with a thickness of 100 nm.
[0124] The preparation method is as follows:
[0125] Step 1: Provide substrate 1 and anode layer 2;
[0126] Specifically, the surface of substrate 1 was wiped with a clean cotton swab moistened with ethanol, and then placed in deionized water and isopropanol for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes each. After that, it was placed in a constant temperature oven for drying, and finally treated with an ultraviolet ozone generator for 15 minutes to make the surface of substrate 1 clean and free of impurities.
[0127] Step 2: Prepare a phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 on the anode layer 2 to form a substrate;
[0128] Specifically, a spin coater is used to spin coat the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 onto the pretreated anode layer 2 at a speed of 3000 rpm for 25 seconds. The phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 is then annealed at a temperature of 100°C for 10 minutes to obtain the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 spin-coated onto the substrate 1, thus forming the substrate.
[0129] Step 3: Heat the original organic active layer solution to 40℃~100℃ to obtain an organic active layer solution. Coat the organic active layer solution onto the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0130] Specifically, the polymer PM6:L8-BO is dissolved in chloroform to form a donor-acceptor mixed solution, wherein the concentration of PM6 is 7 mg / mL and the concentration of L8-BO is 8.4 mg / mL, to obtain the original solution of the organic active layer; the original solution of the active layer is coated on the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0131] Step 4: Place the active layer solution under an incandescent lamp for photothermal annealing;
[0132] Specifically, the prepared organic active layer 4 film was placed under an incandescent lamp 9 at a distance of 10cm. The output power of the incandescent lamp 9 was 170W, and the annealing time was 3, 5, 8, and 10 minutes.
[0133] Step 5: Prepare a cathode interface modification layer 5 on the organic active layer 4;
[0134] Specifically, PNDIT-F3N was dissolved in a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid at a volume ratio of 1000:5 to form a cathode interface modification layer solution with a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL. The dissolved cathode interface modification layer solution was then spin-coated onto the organic active layer 4 using a spin coater.
[0135] Step 6: Prepare cathode layer 6 on cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0136] Specifically, a metal evaporation source device was used to deposit a silver electrode on the cathode interface modification layer 5, with a thickness of 40 nm, and a vacuum degree of 4 × 10⁻⁶. -5 Pa.
[0137] In Example 2, the annealing times for the organic active layer 4 of the incandescent lamp 9 were set to 3 min, 5 min, 8 min, and 10 min, respectively. The organic solar cells 100 finally fabricated according to the steps of Example 2 were designated as Sample 2-1, Sample 2-2, Sample 2-3, and Sample 2-4, respectively. Using a solar simulator, Sample 2-1, Sample 2-2, Sample 2-3, and Sample 2-4 were tested under AM1.5G standard sunlight. V OC , J SC And FF, and then calculate PCE, the test method is the same as in Example 1.
[0138] As shown in Table 2, when an output power of 170W is selected and the annealing time is 3~10min, the PCE of the organic solar cell 100 also increases with the increase of annealing time, and the PCE is the largest when the annealing time is 5min. Figure 4 The JV curves of organic solar cells 100 prepared under AM 1.5G standard simulated sunlight at different annealing times, as shown in Example 2 of this application, are illustrated. As the annealing time of the incandescent lamp 9 increases, the JV curves also increase. oc With the improvement of FF, the PCE of the resulting organic solar cell 100 also increased.
[0139] Table 2 Performance test results of the organic solar cell samples in Example 2
[0140]
[0141] Example 3
[0142] This embodiment provides an organic solar cell 100, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a substrate 1, an anode layer 2, a phosphonic acid group modification layer 3, an organic active layer 4, a cathode interface modification layer 5, and a cathode layer 6.
[0143] The substrate 1 is made of transparent glass, the anode layer 2 is made of ITO with a total thickness of 1.2 mm, the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3 is made of 2PACz with a thickness of 5 nm, the organic active layer 4 is made of PM6:L8-BO with a thickness of 100 nm, the cathode interface modification layer 5 is made of PNDIT-F3N with a thickness of 10 nm, and the cathode layer 6 is a silver electrode with a thickness of 100 nm.
[0144] The preparation method is as follows:
[0145] Step 1: Provide substrate 1 and anode layer 2;
[0146] Specifically, the surface of substrate 1 was wiped with a clean cotton swab moistened with ethanol, and then placed in deionized water and isopropanol for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes each. After that, it was placed in a constant temperature oven for drying, and finally treated with an ultraviolet ozone generator for 15 minutes to make the surface of substrate 1 clean and free of impurities.
[0147] Step 2: Prepare a phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 on the anode layer 2 to form a substrate;
[0148] Specifically, a spin coater is used to spin coat the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 onto the pretreated anode layer 2 at a speed of 3000 rpm for 25 seconds. The phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 is then annealed at a temperature of 100°C for 10 minutes to obtain the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 spin-coated onto the substrate 1, thus forming the substrate.
[0149] Step 3: Heat the original organic active layer solution to 40℃~60℃ to obtain an organic active layer solution. Coat the organic active layer solution onto the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0150] Specifically, the polymer PM6:L8-BO is dissolved in chloroform to form a donor-acceptor mixed solution, wherein the concentration of PM6 is 7 mg / mL and the concentration of L8-BO is 8.4 mg / mL, to obtain the original solution of the organic active layer. The original solution of the organic active layer is coated on the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0151] Step 4: Place the organic active layer solution under an incandescent lamp 9 for photothermal radiation annealing;
[0152] Specifically, the prepared organic active layer 4 film is placed under an incandescent lamp 9, with the distance between the surface of the organic active layer 4 and the incandescent lamp 9 being 1 cm. The output power of the incandescent lamp 9 is 90 W, and the annealing time is 1 min, 2 min, 3 min, and 4 min.
[0153] Step 5: Prepare a cathode interface modification layer 5 on the organic active layer 4;
[0154] Specifically, PNDIT-F3N is dissolved in a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid at a volume ratio of 1000:5 to form a cathode interface modification layer solution with a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL. The dissolved cathode interface modification layer solution is then spin-coated onto the organic active layer 4 using a spin coater.
[0155] Step 6: Prepare a cathode layer on the cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0156] Specifically, a metal evaporation source device was used to deposit a silver electrode on the cathode interface modification layer 5, with a thickness of 40 nm, and a vacuum degree of 4 × 10⁻⁶. -5 Pa.
[0157] In Example 3, during the annealing of the organic active layer 4 with the incandescent lamp 9, the power was adjusted to 90W, the distance was set to 1cm, and the annealing times were 1min, 2min, 3min, and 4min, respectively. The organic solar cells 100 finally prepared according to the steps of Example 3 were designated as Sample 3-1, Sample 3-2, Sample 3-3, and Sample 3-4, respectively. Using a solar simulator, Sample 3-1, Sample 3-2, Sample 3-3, and Sample 3-4 were tested under AM1.5G standard sunlight. V OC , J SC And FF, and then calculate PCE; wherein, the test method is the same as in Example 1.
[0158] As shown in Table 3, when the distance between the incandescent lamp 9 and the organic active layer 4 is 1 cm and the output power is 90 W, the annealing time is changed and set to 1-4 min. As the annealing time increases, the PCE is gradually improved, and the highest PCE is achieved when the time is 3 min.
[0159] Figure 5 The JV curves of the organic solar cell 100 prepared under different annealing times according to Example 3 of this application are shown under AM1.5G standard simulated sunlight. As the annealing time of the incandescent lamp 9 increases, the JV curves also increase. oc With the improvement of FF, the PCE of the resulting organic solar cell 100 also increased.
[0160] Table 3 Performance test results of the organic solar cell samples in Example 3
[0161]
[0162] Example 4
[0163] This embodiment provides an organic solar cell 100, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a substrate 1, an anode layer 2, a phosphonic acid group modification layer 3, an organic active layer 4, a cathode interface modification layer 5, and a cathode layer 6.
[0164] The substrate 1 is made of transparent glass, the anode layer 2 is made of ITO with a total thickness of 1.2 mm, the phosphonic acid group modification layer 3 is made of 2PACz with a thickness of 5 nm, the organic active layer 4 is made of PM6:L8-BO with a thickness of 100 nm, the cathode interface modification layer 5 is made of PNDIT-F3N with a thickness of 10 nm, and the cathode layer 6 is a silver electrode with a thickness of 100 nm.
[0165] The preparation method is as follows:
[0166] Step 1: Provide substrate 1 and anode layer 2;
[0167] Specifically, the surface of substrate 1 was wiped with a clean cotton swab moistened with ethanol, and then placed in deionized water and isopropanol for ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes each. After that, it was placed in a constant temperature oven for drying, and finally treated with an ultraviolet ozone generator for 15 minutes to make the surface of substrate 1 clean and free of impurities.
[0168] Step 2: Prepare a phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 on the anode layer 2 to form a substrate;
[0169] Specifically, a spin coater is used to spin coat the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 onto the pretreated anode layer 2 at a speed of 3000 rpm for 25 seconds. The phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 is then annealed at a temperature of 100°C for 10 minutes to obtain the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 spin-coated onto the substrate 1, thus forming the substrate.
[0170] Step 3: Heat the original organic active layer solution to 40℃~60℃ to obtain an organic active layer solution. Coat the organic active layer solution onto the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0171] Specifically, the polymer PM6:L8-BO is dissolved in chloroform to form a donor-acceptor mixed solution, wherein the concentration of PM6 is 7 mg / mL and the concentration of L8-BO is 8.4 mg / mL, to obtain the original solution of the organic active layer. The original solution of the organic active layer is coated on the phosphonic acid group modified layer 3 to obtain the organic active layer 4.
[0172] Step 4: Place the organic active layer solution under an incandescent lamp 9 for photothermal radiation annealing;
[0173] Specifically, the prepared organic active layer film is placed under an incandescent lamp 9, with the distance between the surface of the organic active layer 4 and the incandescent lamp 9 being 48cm. The output power of the incandescent lamp 9 is 220W, and the annealing time is 3min, 5min, 10min, and 15min.
[0174] Step 5: Prepare a cathode interface modification layer 5 on the organic active layer 4;
[0175] Specifically, PNDIT-F3N is dissolved in a mixed solution of methanol and acetic acid at a volume ratio of 1000:5 to form a cathode interface modification layer solution with a concentration of 0.5 mg / mL. The dissolved cathode interface modification layer solution is then spin-coated onto the organic active layer 4 using a spin coater.
[0176] Step 6: Prepare cathode layer 6 on cathode interface modification layer 5.
[0177] Specifically, a metal evaporation source device was used to deposit a silver electrode on the cathode interface modification layer 5, with a thickness of 40 nm, and a vacuum degree of 4 × 10⁻⁶. -5 Pa.
[0178] Following the steps in Example 4, the annealing height was adjusted to 48 cm, and the annealing times were set to 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min, respectively. The resulting organic solar cells were designated as samples 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, and 4-4. Sample 4-1 was tested under AM1.5G standard sunlight using a solar simulator. V OC , J SC And FF, and then calculate PCE; wherein, the test method is the same as in Example 1.
[0179] As shown in Table 4, the organic solar cell 100 prepared in Example 4 increased the distance between the incandescent lamp 9 and the active layer, setting the distance to 48cm, the annealing time to 3-15min, and the output power to 220W. The PCE of the organic solar cell 100 increased with the increase of the annealing time, and it had the highest PCE when the annealing time reached 15min.
[0180] Figure 6 The JV curves of the organic solar cell 100 prepared under different annealing times according to Example 4 of this application are shown under AM1.5G standard simulated sunlight. As the annealing time of the incandescent lamp 9 increases, the JV curves of the solar cell 100 prepared under different annealing times increase. Voc With the improvement of FF, the PCE of the resulting organic solar cell 100 also increased.
[0181] Table 4 Performance test results of the organic solar cell samples in Example 4
[0182]
[0183] Comparative Example 1
[0184] This comparative example provides an organic solar cell 100, the only difference in its preparation method from Examples 1, 2, 3, and 4 being the replacement of the incandescent lamp 9-based thermal radiation annealing in step S4 with a heating platform 8, and the annealing temperature being 100°C. All other steps are the same as in Example 1. The organic solar cell 100 finally prepared according to the steps of Comparative Example 1 is designated as Sample 5-1. Sample 5-1 was tested under AM1.5G standard sunlight using a solar simulator. V OC , J SC And FF, and then calculate PCE; wherein, the test method is the same as in Example 1.
[0185] As shown in Tables 1 and 5, Example 1 of this application uses a fabrication process of incandescent lamp 9 illumination and thermal radiation annealing. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the organic solar cell 100 prepared in Example 1 of this application has a higher PCE than the organic solar cell 100 prepared by the hot stage annealing process.
[0186] As shown in Tables 1-4, Examples 1-4 of this application employ a post-processing method of annealing by incandescent lamp 9 illumination and thermal radiation. Compared to Comparative Example 1, its PCE is higher than that of the organic solar cell 100 annealed using a conventional hot-stage annealing method.
[0187] Table 5 Performance tests of the organic solar cell samples in Comparative Example 1
[0188]
[0189] Examples 1-4 employed an incandescent lamp 9-irradiated thermal radiation annealing process. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the organic solar cell 100 produced had a higher PCE than the organic solar cell 100 produced by the hot stage annealing process.
[0190] The above results show that the organic solar cell 100 prepared by the incandescent lamp irradiation thermal radiation annealing process of this application has improved its open circuit voltage and fill factor to varying degrees, and has better microstructure characteristics, which is more conducive to carrier transport and exciton dissociation, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the organic solar cell 100.
[0191] Understandably, the photothermal annealing process using incandescent lamp 9 provides a framework for the industrial application of organic solar cells 100. In large-scale production, hot-stage annealing involves uniformly heating the entire device substrate, affecting not only the organic active layer 4 but also the anode layer 2. Heating the entire substrate to a specific temperature and maintaining it for a prolonged period results in high energy consumption, hindering future large-scale, low-cost roll-to-roll production. Furthermore, global heating makes it difficult to selectively drive the crystallization of specific components (such as donors or acceptors) within the active layer, leading to excessive aggregation or the formation of unfavorable phase separation structures, thus limiting further performance improvements. In contrast, radiation annealing based on the photothermal effect exhibits unique advantages. This technology utilizes light of specific wavelengths and intensities to directly act on the organic active layer 4 film. The light energy is absorbed by the material and rapidly converted into heat energy, achieving localized, specific-region heating and annealing. This allows for more precise control of the phase separation behavior of donors and acceptors, inducing a more ideal microstructure, and offers the advantage of lower energy consumption, aligning better with green and environmentally friendly principles.
[0192] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The above descriptions are merely specific implementations of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. An organic solar cell, characterized by comprising: include: Substrate; An anode layer is stacked on one side of the substrate; A phosphonic acid group-modified layer is stacked on the side of the anode layer opposite to the substrate; An organic active layer is stacked on the side of the phosphonic acid group modified layer opposite to the anode layer, and the organic active layer is used for photothermal radiation annealing. A cathode interface modification layer is stacked on the side of the organic active layer opposite to the phosphonic acid group modification layer; A cathode layer is stacked on the side of the cathode interface modification layer opposite to the organic active layer.
2. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, wherein The material of the phosphonic acid group modification layer is one of [2-(9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid, [2-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazole-9-yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid, [4-(3,6-dimethoxy-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid or [4-(3,6-dimethyl-9H-carbazole-9-yl)butyl]phosphonic acid.
3. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the phosphonic acid group modified layer is 5 nm to 50 nm.
4. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic active layer is made of PM6 and L8-BO.
5. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the organic active layer is 30nm~500nm.
6. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cathode interface modification layer is made of one of PNDIT-F3N, PDINO, or PDIN.
7. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the cathode interface modification layer is 5nm~30nm.
8. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the substrate is 1.0 mm to 1.2 mm.
9. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the cathode layer is 20nm~200nm.
10. The organic solar cell according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the anode layer is 180 nm to 220 nm.