Shearing structure and shearing machine for preparing green cotton fibers

Abstract

The utility model discloses a shearing structure, shearing machine is used in preparation of green tonto fibre relates the mechanical degradation technical field of green tonto fibre preparation, the utility model discloses a separation cavity and shearing structure, shearing structure is located the inside of separation cavity, the preliminary filter board is provided with above shearing cavity, the preliminary filter board isolation separation cavity with shearing cavity, be provided with centrifugal separation subassembly between separation cavity with shearing cavity. With cellulose micro nanometer fiber mixture through the preliminary filter board above shearing cavity, enter between separation cavity and shearing cavity, then under the action of centrifugal separation subassembly, carry out centrifugal separation processing, make cellulose micro nanometer fiber dispersion fluid in cellulose micro nanometer fiber mixture through separation cavity and carry out secondary separation processing, realize the internal circulation of shearing machine and work, can not cause the waste of raw material, can also guarantee the precision of mechanical degradation green tonto cellulose micro nanometer fiber dispersion fluid.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of mechanical degradation technology for the preparation of *Firmiana simplex* fiber, and specifically relates to a shearing structure and a shearing machine for the preparation of *Firmiana simplex* fiber. Background Technology

[0002] *Firmiana simplex*, belonging to the Malvaceae family and the *Firmiana* genus, is a perennial deciduous tree commonly known as "nine-layered bark." It is easy to propagate, highly adaptable, and grows relatively quickly, reaching maturity in five years. Wild *Firmiana simplex* trees are abundant in Jianhe County, Qiandongnan Prefecture, Guizhou Province, but its utilization rate is low. Traditionally, local people obtain the bark by cutting down branches and mechanically peeling it. The main component of *Firmiana simplex* bark is cellulose fiber, which has advantages such as high mechanical strength and resistance to decay, and has long been used as a natural rope for binding items. Currently, research on *Firmiana simplex* mainly focuses on sowing and seedling cultivation and component analysis, but there are few reports on the green manufacturing and high-value applications of its bark fiber. Therefore, preparing *Firmiana simplex* bark fiber through green methods will not only broaden the sources of textile fibers but also allow for the processing of it into environmentally friendly functional materials, possessing high industrial value and aligning with the sustainable development strategy.

[0003] In the process of producing *Firmiana simplex* fiber, the raw material needs to be chemically treated. After chemical treatment, the *Firmiana simplex* fiber is mixed with deionized water in a certain proportion, and then mechanically degraded using a high-speed shearing machine (usually a wall-breaking machine or a high-speed disperser) to obtain a *Firmiana simplex* cellulose micro / nano fiber dispersion. However, the existing high-speed shearing machine cannot control the degree of shearing when mechanically degrading the *Firmiana simplex* fiber. After the mechanical degradation of the *Firmiana simplex* fiber, other separation equipment is needed to filter it and separate the *Firmiana simplex* cellulose micro / nano fiber dispersion. The remaining *Firmiana simplex* fiber raw material that is not completely mechanically degraded will be wasted. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the problems in the related technologies, this utility model proposes a shearing structure and a shearing machine for preparing Fiberglass pine, so as to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems existing in the existing related technologies.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] This utility model relates to a shearing structure, comprising an upper blade holder, a lower blade holder, and a shearing chamber. A drive shaft is disposed in the middle of the shearing chamber, and the upper and lower blade holders are mounted on the drive shaft, forming a shearing space between them. A separation chamber is disposed outside the shearing chamber, and a preliminary filter plate is disposed above the shearing chamber, separating the separation chamber from the shearing chamber. A centrifugal separation assembly is disposed between the separation chamber and the shearing chamber. The drive shaft drives the centrifugal separation assembly. When the drive shaft rotates at high speed, the shearing space performs fine shearing processing, and the centrifugal separation assembly causes the mixture between the separation chamber and the shearing chamber to undergo centrifugal motion. An upward propeller is disposed inside the shearing chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, an arc-shaped material-pushing rod is provided on the upper surface of the preliminary filter plate, and a scraping rod is provided on the lower surface of the preliminary filter plate. Both the arc-shaped material-pushing rod and the scraping rod are connected to the drive shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, the bottom of the shearing chamber is connected to the separation chamber, and an upward propeller is provided at the bottom of the shearing chamber and the top of the inner cavity, respectively. The upward propeller is connected to the drive shaft, and the upward propeller is located above the upper tool holder and at the bottom of the lower tool holder.

[0009] Furthermore, the centrifugal separation assembly includes a centrifugal paddle, a connecting frame is provided above the drive shaft, the connecting frame is located at the top and side of the shearing chamber, the centrifugal paddle is rotatably connected to the connecting frame, and a torsion spring is provided at the rotation position to deflect the centrifugal paddle in the rotation direction of the drive shaft, a hollow tube is provided in the middle of the centrifugal paddle, ball bearings are provided inside the hollow tube, and the hollow tube is inclined upward.

[0010] Furthermore, a flow guide ring is provided at the bottom of the shearing chamber, and a connecting key is provided on the side of the flow guide ring to connect with the outside of the separation chamber. Separation mesh plates are provided on both the side wall and the bottom of the separation chamber, and the separation mesh plates on the side wall of the separation chamber are positioned directly opposite the centrifugal separation assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, an outer barrel is provided outside the separation chamber, and a barrel cover is provided above the outer barrel. The drive shaft passes through the barrel cover and extends above the barrel cover. A drive motor is provided above the barrel cover, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft.

[0012] A shearing machine for preparing pine fiber uses the aforementioned shearing structure, including a fixed frame with a placement plate at the bottom of the fixed frame, and the shearing structure is placed on the placement plate.

[0013] This invention has the following advantages: The upward-flowing propeller inside the shearing chamber rotates, causing the mixture of *Aralia elata* fibers and deionized water inside the shearing chamber to surge upwards. This allows the mechanically degraded cellulose micro / nanofiber mixture to pass through a preliminary filter plate. Larger *Aralia elata* fibers, after being sheared and pulverized by the upper and lower blades, remain within the shearing space of the shearing chamber for further mechanical degradation. The cellulose micro / nanofiber mixture, after passing through the preliminary filter plate above the shearing chamber, enters the space between the separation chamber and the shearing chamber. There, under the action of the centrifugal separation component, it undergoes centrifugal separation, allowing the cellulose micro / nanofiber dispersion in the mixture to undergo secondary separation in the separation chamber. This achieves internal circulation within the shearing machine, preventing waste of raw materials and ensuring the precision of the mechanically degraded *Aralia elata* cellulose micro / nanofiber dispersion.

[0014] With the drive shaft rotating at high speed, the connecting frame rotates, which in turn drives the centrifugal paddle in the centrifugal separation assembly to rotate at high speed. When the centrifugal paddle rotates at high speed, the balls in the hollow tube in the middle overcome the gravity of the inclined height and move to the other end of the hollow tube, making the far end of the centrifugal paddle counterweight. As a result, under high speed rotation, the centrifugal force on the far end of the centrifugal paddle increases until the centrifugal force cancels out the gravity of the inclined hollow tube and the torsion spring torque at the rotation point of the centrifugal paddle and the connecting frame. As a result, the far end of the centrifugal paddle moves away from the outside of the shearing chamber and the centrifugal paddle is in an extended state. Driven by the high speed rotation of the drive shaft, the extended centrifugal paddle drives the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture between the shearing chamber and the separation chamber to rotate centrifugally, thereby separating the cellulose micro-nanofiber dispersion in the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture. By changing the speed of the drive shaft in the shearing machine, the Fiberia scoparia fiber is circulated inside the shearing machine.

[0015] Of course, any product implementing this utility model does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model embodiments, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the inner structure of the outer barrel of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the shearing cavity of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is one of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagrams of the shearing cavity and separation cavity of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the centrifugal impeller of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is one of the three-dimensional cross-sectional structural diagrams of the shearing cavity and separation cavity of this utility model.

[0023] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0024] 1. Upper blade holder; 2. Lower blade holder; 3. Shearing chamber; 31. Preliminary filter plate; 32. Arc-shaped feed bar; 33. Scraper bar; 34. Upward propeller; 35. Flow guide ring; 36. Connecting key; 4. Drive shaft; 41. Connecting frame; 42. Drive motor; 5. Shearing space; 6. Separation chamber; 61. Separation screen; 62. Outer barrel; 63. Barrel lid; 64. Fixing frame; 65. Placement plate; 7. Centrifugal separation assembly; 71. Centrifugal paddle; 72. Hollow tube; 73. Ball bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the utility model embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "top", "middle", "inner", etc., which indicate orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the utility model.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-6As shown, this utility model is a shearing structure, including an upper blade holder 1, a lower blade holder 2, and a shearing cavity 3. A drive shaft 4 is provided in the middle of the shearing cavity 3. The upper blade holder 1 and the lower blade holder 2 are mounted on the drive shaft 4, forming a shearing space 5 between the upper blade holder 1 and the lower blade holder 2. A separation cavity is provided outside the shearing cavity. A preliminary filter plate 31 is provided above the shearing cavity 3, which isolates the separation cavity 6 from the shearing cavity 3. A centrifugal separation component 7 is provided between the separation cavity 6 and the shearing cavity 3. The drive shaft 4 drives the centrifugal separation component 7. When the drive shaft 4 rotates at high speed, the shearing space 5 performs fine shearing. The centrifugal separation component 7 drives the mixture between the separation cavity 6 and the shearing cavity 3 to perform centrifugal motion. An upward propeller 34 is provided inside the shearing cavity 3.

[0028] In use, the drive shaft 4 drives the upper blade holder 1 and lower blade holder 2 inside the shearing chamber 3 to rotate, mechanically degrading the *Pterocarya stenoptera* fibers in the shearing space 5 between the upper blade holder 1 and lower blade holder 2. The upward-flowing propeller 34 inside the shearing chamber 3 rotates, causing the mixture of *Pterocarya stenoptera* fibers and deionized water inside the shearing chamber 3 to surge upwards. This allows the mechanically degraded cellulose micro / nanofiber mixture to be filtered through the preliminary filter plate 31. Larger *Pterocarya stenoptera* fibers, after being sheared and pulverized by the upper blade holder 1 and lower blade holder 2, remain in the shearing space 5 within the shearing chamber 3 for further mechanical degradation. After passing through the preliminary filter plate 31 above the shearing chamber 3, the cellulose micro / nanofiber mixture enters the separation chamber 6 between the shearing chamber 3 and the separation chamber 6. Then, under the action of the centrifugal separation component 7, it undergoes centrifugal separation, allowing the cellulose micro / nanofiber dispersion in the cellulose micro / nanofiber mixture to undergo secondary separation through the separation chamber 6.

[0029] In one embodiment, for the aforementioned preliminary filter plate 31, an arc-shaped feeding rod 32 is provided on the upper surface of the preliminary filter plate 31, and a scraping rod 33 is provided on the lower surface of the preliminary filter plate 31. Both the arc-shaped feeding rod 32 and the scraping rod 33 are connected to the drive shaft 4. The preliminary filter plate 31 provided at the top of the shearing chamber 3 performs preliminary filtration on the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture after mechanical degradation in the shearing space 5, so that the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture enters the separation chamber 6 and the shearing chamber 3 through the preliminary filter plate 31. When the upper blade holder 1 and the lower blade holder 2 rotate to shear, the arc-shaped feeding rod 32 and the scraping rod 33 located on the upper and lower sides of the preliminary filter plate 31 rotate synchronously. Then, the scraping rod 33 scrapes off the mixture remaining at the bottom of the preliminary filter plate 31, and the arc-shaped feeding rod 32 pushes the cellulose micro-nanofibers at the top of the preliminary filter plate 31 toward the side of the shearing chamber 3.

[0030] In one embodiment, the bottom of the shearing chamber 3 is connected to the separation chamber 6. An upward propeller 34 is provided at the bottom and top of the inner cavity of the shearing chamber 3, respectively. The upward propeller 34 is connected to the drive shaft 4 and is located above the upper blade holder 1 and at the bottom of the lower blade holder 2. Through the connection between the bottom of the shearing chamber 3 and the bottom of the separation chamber 6, under the action of the upward propeller 34 at the bottom of the shearing chamber 3, the unseparated mixture falling from between the shearing chamber 3 and the separation chamber 6 surges into the shearing space 5 inside the shearing chamber 3 and is mechanically degraded again by the upper blade holder 1 and the lower blade holder 2.

[0031] In one embodiment, the centrifugal separation assembly 7 includes a centrifugal paddle 71. A connecting frame 41 is disposed above the drive shaft 4. The connecting frame 41 is located at the top and side of the shearing chamber 3. The centrifugal paddle 71 is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 41, and a torsion spring is disposed at the rotation position to deflect the centrifugal paddle 71 in the rotation direction of the drive shaft 4. A hollow tube 72 is disposed in the middle of the centrifugal paddle 71, and a ball bearing 73 is disposed inside the hollow tube 72. The hollow tube 72 is inclined upward. When the drive shaft 4 rotates at high speed, it drives the connecting frame 41 to rotate, thereby driving the centrifugal paddle 71 in the centrifugal separation assembly 7 to rotate at high speed. When the centrifugal paddle 71 rotates at high speed, the connecting frame 41 is disposed in the middle of the connecting frame 41. The ball bearings 73 in the hollow tube 72 overcome the gravity of the inclined height and move to the other end of the hollow tube 72, causing the distal end of the centrifugal paddle 71 to be counterweighted. As a result, under high-speed rotation, the centrifugal force on the distal end of the centrifugal paddle 71 increases until the centrifugal force cancels out the gravity of the inclined hollow tube 72 and the torsion spring at the rotation point of the centrifugal paddle 71 and the connecting frame 41. As a result, the distal end of the centrifugal paddle 71 moves away from the outside of the shearing chamber 3 and the centrifugal paddle 71 is in an extended state. Driven by the high-speed rotation of the drive shaft 4, the extended centrifugal paddle 71 drives the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture between the shearing chamber 3 and the separation chamber 6 to rotate centrifugally, thereby separating the cellulose micro-nanofiber dispersion in the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture.

[0032] In one embodiment, for the shearing chamber 3, a guide ring 35 is provided at the bottom of the shearing chamber 3, and a connecting key 36 is provided on the side of the guide ring 35 to connect with the outside of the separation chamber 6. Separation mesh plates 61 are provided on both the sidewall and bottom of the separation chamber 6. The separation mesh plates 61 on the sidewall of the separation chamber 6 are positioned directly opposite the centrifugal separation assembly 7. The guide ring 35 at the bottom of the shearing chamber 3 allows the cellulose micro / nanofiber mixture between the shearing chamber 3 and the separation chamber 6 to remain briefly. Driven by the high-speed rotating centrifugal paddle 71, the cellulose micro / nanofiber dispersion in the cellulose micro / nanofiber mixture is separated by centrifugal force. When the amount of unshorn aralia fibers inside the shearing chamber 3 is too small, the drive shaft 4 reduces its speed, and the centrifugal paddle 71 outside the shearing chamber 3 moves in tandem with the flow. As the rotation speed decreases, the centrifugal force on the centrifugal impeller 71 decreases, and the distal end of the centrifugal impeller 71 approaches the outside of the shearing chamber 3 again. Consequently, the centrifugal force between the shearing chamber 3 and the separation chamber 6 is lost, and the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture between the shearing chamber 3 and the separation chamber 6 begins to fall under the influence of gravity. It is guided downward by the guide ring 35 and flows back to the bottom of the separation chamber 6. At this time, under the action of the upward propeller 34 at the bottom of the shearing chamber 3, the cellulose micro-nanofiber mixture flowing back to the bottom of the separation chamber 6 surges upward again and enters the shearing space 5 in the middle of the shearing chamber 3 for secondary shearing and secondary mechanical degradation. When all the cellulose fibers inside the shearing chamber 3 have been degraded, the drive shaft 4 stops operating. At this time, the cellulose micro-nanofiber dispersion inside the shearing chamber 3 and the separation chamber 6 flows out through the separation mesh plate 61 at the bottom of the separation chamber 6.

[0033] In one embodiment, for the separation chamber 6, an outer barrel 62 is provided outside the separation chamber 6, and a barrel cover 63 is provided above the outer barrel 62. The drive shaft 4 passes through the barrel cover 63 and extends above the barrel cover 63. A drive motor 42 is provided above the barrel cover 63. The output end of the drive motor 42 is connected to the drive shaft 4. The cellulose micro-nanofiber dispersion separated from the separation mesh plate 61 on the side of the separation chamber 6 or the cellulose micro-nanofiber flowing out from the separation mesh plate 61 at the bottom of the separation chamber 6 after complete degradation is collected through the outer barrel 62 outside the separation chamber 6.

[0034] A shearing machine for preparing pine fiber uses the aforementioned shearing structure, including a fixing frame 64, with a placement plate 65 at the bottom of the fixing frame 64, and the shearing structure placed on the placement plate 65.

[0035] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. The utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A shearing structure, characterized in that: The device includes an upper blade holder (1), a lower blade holder (2), and a shearing chamber (3). A drive shaft (4) is provided in the middle of the shearing chamber (3). The upper blade holder (1) and the lower blade holder (2) are mounted on the drive shaft (4). A shearing space (5) is formed between the upper blade holder (1) and the lower blade holder (2). A separation chamber (6) is provided outside the shearing chamber (3). A preliminary filter plate (31) is provided above the shearing chamber (3). The preliminary filter plate (31) isolates the separation chamber (6) from the shearing chamber (3). A centrifugal separation component (7) is provided between the separation chamber (6) and the shearing chamber (3). The drive shaft (4) drives the centrifugal separation component (7). When the drive shaft (4) rotates at high speed, the shearing space (5) performs fine shearing. The centrifugal separation component (7) drives the mixture between the separation chamber (6) and the shearing chamber (3) to perform centrifugal motion. An upward propeller (34) is provided inside the shearing chamber (3).

2. The shearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper surface of the preliminary filter plate (31) is provided with an arc-shaped material feeding rod (32), and the lower surface of the preliminary filter plate (31) is provided with a scraping rod (33). Both the arc-shaped material feeding rod (32) and the scraping rod (33) are connected to the drive shaft (4).

3. The shearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the shearing chamber (3) is connected to the separation chamber (6). The bottom of the shearing chamber (3) and the top of the inner cavity are respectively provided with an upward propeller (34). The upward propeller (34) is connected to the drive shaft (4). The upward propeller (34) is located above the upper tool holder (1) and at the bottom of the lower tool holder (2).

4. The shearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal separation assembly (7) includes a centrifugal paddle (71), a connecting frame (41) is provided above the drive shaft (4), the connecting frame (41) is located at the top and side of the shearing chamber (3), the centrifugal paddle (71) is rotatably connected to the connecting frame (41), and a torsion spring is provided at the rotation position to deflect the centrifugal paddle (71) in the rotation direction of the drive shaft (4), a hollow tube (72) is provided in the middle of the centrifugal paddle (71), a ball bearing (73) is provided inside the hollow tube (72), and the hollow tube (72) is inclined upward.

5. A shearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the shearing chamber (3) is provided with a flow guide ring (35), and the side of the flow guide ring (35) is provided with a connecting key (36) to connect with the outside of the separation chamber (6). The side wall and bottom of the separation chamber (6) are provided with separation mesh plates (61), and the separation mesh plates (61) on the side wall of the separation chamber (6) are positioned directly opposite the centrifugal separation assembly (7).

6. A shearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An outer barrel (62) is provided outside the separation chamber (6), and a barrel cover (63) is provided above the outer barrel (62). The drive shaft (4) passes through the barrel cover (63) and extends above the barrel cover (63). A drive motor (42) is provided above the barrel cover (63), and the output end of the drive motor (42) is connected to the drive shaft (4).

7. A shearing machine for preparing *Pterocarya stenoptera* fiber, characterized in that, The shearing structure described in any one of claims 1-6 is used, including a fixing frame (64), the bottom of which is provided with a placement plate (65), and the shearing structure is placed on the placement plate (65).

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