A fireproof wooden door

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fireproof wooden door, and the door leaf comprises from outside to inside fireproof coating, wooden base plate layer, fire -retardant filling layer, heat insulation layer and support framework in proper order, and the utility model relates to wooden door technical field. The fireproof wooden door solves the problems of poor fire -retardant, heavy weight and insufficient sealing, and realizes the effect of efficient fireproof.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wooden door technology, specifically a fireproof wooden door. Background Technology

[0002] Wooden doors are architectural doors made primarily of wood and are mainly used in the construction or decoration fields. Existing wooden fire doors mostly use a single flame retardant impregnation method or are externally covered with a metal layer, which presents the following problems:

[0003] 1. Flame retardants are prone to migration and loss, and their fire-resistant performance decreases after long-term use;

[0004] 2. Metal-clad doors are heavy (≥50kg / ㎡), difficult to install, and costly;

[0005] 3. Traditional fireproof sealing strips have a low high-temperature expansion rate (≤150%), which cannot effectively block smoke. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a fireproof wooden door that solves the problems of easy migration and loss of flame retardants, decreased fire resistance after long-term use, heavy metal-clad doors that are difficult and costly to install, and the low high-temperature expansion rate of traditional fireproof sealing strips, which cannot effectively block smoke.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: a fireproof wooden door, including a door leaf, wherein the door leaf includes, from the outside to the inside, a fireproof coating, a wood substrate layer, a flame-retardant filling layer, a heat insulation layer and a support frame;

[0008] The flame-retardant filler layer is a composite material of expanded graphite and magnesium hydroxide;

[0009] The heat insulation layer is a composite layer of aerogel felt and ceramic fiber;

[0010] The fire-retardant coating is a water-based intumescent fire-retardant coating.

[0011] Preferably, the flame-retardant filler layer also contains 5% by weight of nano-montmorillonite.

[0012] Preferably, the fire-retardant coating comprises a mixture of ammonium phosphate, pentaerythritol, and melamine.

[0013] Preferably, the door leaf edge is provided with a fireproof sealing strip, and the sealing strip is made of a composite material of silicone rubber and graphite sheet.

[0014] Preferably, the wood substrate layer is made of pine or fir wood that has undergone flame retardant treatment, and the flame retardant is an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution impregnation treatment.

[0015] Preferably, the fireproof coating, the wood substrate layer, the flame-retardant filler layer, and the heat insulation layer are all symmetrically arranged.

[0016] This utility model provides a fireproof wooden door. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. This fireproof wooden door, from the outside to the inside of the door leaf, includes a fireproof coating, a wood substrate layer, a flame-retardant filling layer, a heat insulation layer, and a support frame, which solves the problems of poor flame retardancy, heavy weight, and insufficient sealing, and achieves high-efficiency fire protection. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the flame-retardant filler layer of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the high-temperature expansion comparison of the fireproof sealing strip of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Door leaf; 11. Fireproof coating; 12. Wood substrate layer; 13. Flame-retardant filling layer; 14. Heat insulation layer; 15. Support frame. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution: a fireproof wooden door, including a door leaf 1. The door leaf 1 includes, from the outside to the inside, a fireproof coating 11, a wooden substrate layer 12, a flame-retardant filling layer 13, a heat insulation layer 14 and a support frame 15. The fireproof coating 11, the wooden substrate layer 12, the flame-retardant filling layer 13 and the heat insulation layer 14 are all symmetrically arranged.

[0025] The hollow steel frame of the supporting skeleton 15 is filled with rock wool to enhance structural strength and assist in heat insulation;

[0026] The flame-retardant filler layer 13 is a composite material of expanded graphite and magnesium hydroxide with a mass ratio of 3:1. The expanded graphite expands and seals the pores when heated, while the magnesium hydroxide decomposes and absorbs heat, thus blocking oxygen and reducing the combustion temperature.

[0027] The insulation layer 14 is a composite layer of aerogel felt and ceramic fiber with a thickness of 8-12mm. The thermal conductivity of the aerogel felt is ≤0.02W / m·K. When combined with ceramic fiber, it reduces the weight by 30% compared to traditional rock wool doors and blocks heat transfer.

[0028] Fire-retardant coating 11 is a water-based intumescent fire-retardant coating with a thickness of 0.5-1.0 mm. It contains a mixture of ammonium phosphate, pentaerythritol and melamine in a mass ratio of 5:2:1. The water-based intumescent coating foams within 5 seconds of contact with fire, forming a carbonized heat-insulating layer to inhibit the spread of flames.

[0029] Furthermore, 5% by weight of nano-montmorillonite is added to the flame-retardant filler layer 13 to improve flame-retardant stability. Figure 2 The microscopic distribution of expanded graphite at high temperature, magnesium hydroxide endothermic decomposition and nano-montmorillonite stabilizing carrier in the flame-retardant filler layer (13) was shown, and the flame-retardant mechanism under fire conditions was dynamically simulated.

[0030] Furthermore, the edge of door leaf 1 is provided with a fireproof sealing strip 16. The sealing strip is made of a composite material of silicone rubber and graphite sheets, with an expansion rate of ≥200% at high temperatures. Figure 3 The volume change and microstructure transformation of fireproof sealing strip (16) at room temperature and high temperature of 600℃ were compared. Graphite sheet formed a continuous barrier layer at high temperature.

[0031] Furthermore, the wood substrate layer 12 is made of flame-retardant pine or fir wood, and the flame retardant is impregnated with ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution at a concentration of 20%-30%.

[0032] Example 1: Door Leaf Manufacturing

[0033] The steps correspond to the structure:

[0034] Preparation of wood substrate layer 12:

[0035] Pine boards were soaked in a 25% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 48 hours and then dried until the moisture content was ≤12%.

[0036] Effect: The flame retardant penetrates to a depth of 5mm, reducing the carbonization rate of the wood surface by 50% when exposed to fire.

[0037] Preparation of flame-retardant filler layer 13:

[0038] Expanded graphite, magnesium hydroxide, and nano-montmorillonite are mixed in a ratio of 3:1:0.3 and hot-pressed into 10mm thick plates.

[0039] Effect: In the 800℃ combustion test, the filler layer expanded by 8 times, forming a continuous heat insulation barrier.

[0040] Insulation layer 14 composite:

[0041] A 5mm aerogel felt and a 5mm ceramic fiber felt are bonded together with a high-temperature resistant adhesive.

[0042] Effect: Temperature rise on the unexposed side of the door leaf ≤80℃, compared to ≥120℃ for traditional rock wool doors.

[0043] Overall assembly:

[0044] The supporting frame 15 is made of 1.2mm thick galvanized steel plate, and the hollow cavity is filled with rock wool with a density of 80kg / m³. 3 ;

[0045] Effect: The total weight of the door leaf is 28kg / ㎡, which is easier to install than metal-clad doors (≥50kg / ㎡).

[0046] Example 2: Performance Verification of Sealing Strip

[0047] The steps correspond to the structure:

[0048] Preparation of sealing strip 16: Silicone rubber is mixed with 20% graphite sheets and then molded.

[0049] High temperature test:

[0050] Heating at 600℃ for 5 minutes causes the sealing strip to expand by 220%, filling door gaps ≥5mm.

[0051] Results: In the smoke tightness test, the smoke permeability through the door gap was reduced to 1.2m. 3 / (m·h).

[0052] Structural effect summary

[0053]

[0054] Experimental data

[0055] Fire resistance performance (GB / T 9978-2008):

[0056] 60-minute fire resistance test: The door leaf was not penetrated, the highest temperature on the unexposed side rose to 132℃, and the integrity remained intact;

[0057] Comparative data: Traditional wooden fire doors experience a temperature rise of 180°C on the unexposed side after 45 minutes.

[0058] Environmental friendliness (GB 18580-2017):

[0059] Formaldehyde release: 0.03 mg / m³ 3 It is only 30% of the national standard limit;

[0060] No heavy metals were detected in the water-based coatings (traditional solvent-based coatings contain lead and chromium).

[0061] Economic efficiency:

[0062] Production costs are 40% lower than those of metal fire doors, and installation efficiency is 50% higher (due to their lighter weight).

[0063] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0064] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fireproof wooden door, comprising a door leaf (1), characterized in that: The door leaf (1) includes, from the outside to the inside, a fireproof coating (11), a wood substrate layer (12), a flame-retardant filling layer (13), a heat insulation layer (14), and a support frame (15). The flame-retardant filler layer (13) is a composite material of expanded graphite and magnesium hydroxide; The heat insulation layer (14) is a composite layer of aerogel felt and ceramic fiber; The fireproof coating (11) is a water-based intumescent fireproof coating.

2. A fireproof wooden door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door leaf (1) is provided with a fireproof sealing strip (16) on its edge. The sealing strip is made of a composite material of silicone rubber and graphite sheet.

3. A fireproof wooden door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wood substrate layer (12) is made of pine or fir wood that has been treated with flame retardant, and the flame retardant is ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution impregnation treatment.

4. A fireproof wooden door according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fireproof coating (11), the wood substrate layer (12), the flame-retardant filler layer (13) and the heat insulation layer (14) are all symmetrically arranged.

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