A helical spring structure with multi-stage damping

Abstract

The utility model relates to spiral spring technical field, concretely is a kind of spiral spring structure with multistage shock absorption, including upper end circular block and lower end circular block, outside spiral spring is connected between the upper end circular block and lower end circular block, the bottom of upper end circular block is equipped with down pressure column, the top of lower end circular block is equipped with the pressure-bearing cylinder matched with down pressure column, the one end of down pressure column located pressure-bearing cylinder top end outside is equipped with the first buffer assembly by fixed ring and pre-tightening spring, the upper end of pressure-bearing cylinder inside is equipped with the second buffer assembly by upper pressure block and compression spring, the lower end of pressure-bearing cylinder inside is equipped with the third buffer assembly by lower pressure block and support spring, this spiral spring structure with multistage shock absorption has realized the shock absorption effect of step-by-step response under different load, improves shock absorption efficiency and structural stability, avoids stress concentration simultaneously, prolongs service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of helical spring technology, specifically a helical spring structure with multi-stage shock absorption. Background Technology

[0002] A coil spring is a basic elastic element widely used in various mechanical equipment. Its main function is to absorb vibration energy, buffer impact loads, and provide a certain supporting force through its own elastic deformation. Due to its advantages such as simple structure, easy manufacturing, and high load-bearing capacity, coil springs are widely used in automotive suspension systems, construction machinery, and industrial machinery.

[0003] Most common helical springs currently use a single structural design with fixed stiffness parameters. They cannot achieve dynamic response under different load conditions. Although this structure has a certain damping capacity, the damping effect is often not ideal when faced with sudden impacts or high-frequency vibrations. Especially in some application scenarios that need to withstand periodically changing loads, such as heavy vehicles driving on bumpy roads or large mechanical equipment operating continuously, traditional helical springs are prone to excessive local stress due to load concentration, which can lead to fatigue damage or even fracture failure. At the same time, due to the lack of an effective graded response mechanism, the contact and interaction between the coils of a traditional helical spring are uncontrollable during compression, resulting in significant differences in its damping characteristics at different stages, affecting the stability and comfort of the overall system. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a helical spring structure with multi-stage damping, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as the current helical springs having a single damping effect, being unable to adapt to vibration loads of different intensities and frequencies, and being prone to stress concentration leading to fatigue damage under high impact conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a helical spring structure with multi-stage shock absorption, comprising an upper circular block and a lower circular block, wherein an outer helical spring is connected between the upper and lower circular blocks, a downward pressure column is provided at the bottom of the upper circular block, and a pressure-bearing cylinder that cooperates with the downward pressure column is provided at the top of the lower circular block, wherein a first buffer assembly consisting of a fixing ring and a pre-tightening spring is provided at the outer end of the downward pressure column located at the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder, a second buffer assembly consisting of an upper pressure block and a compression spring is provided at the upper end inside the pressure-bearing cylinder, and a third buffer assembly consisting of a downward pressure block and a support spring is provided at the lower end inside the pressure-bearing cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the fixing ring of the first buffer assembly is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the upper end of the pressure column, the pre-tightening spring is connected between the bottom of the fixing ring and the edge of the top of the pressure cylinder, and the pre-tightening spring is also sleeved on the outside of the pressure column.

[0007] Preferably, the upper pressure block and the lower pressure block are movably disposed at the upper and lower ends inside the pressure-bearing cylinder, respectively, the compression spring is connected between the upper pressure block and the lower pressure block, and the support spring is connected between the bottom of the lower pressure block and the bottom inner wall of the pressure-bearing cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, a guide component is symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the first buffer component. The guide component includes an arc-shaped support block fixed to both sides of the fixing ring, a linear guide rail installed on the inner side of the arc-shaped support block, and a mating block fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the upper end of the pressure cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the mating block is adapted to the limiting groove in the linear guide rail, and the mating block and the linear guide rail are provided in three sets between each arc-shaped support block and the outer wall of the pressure cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, an annular fitting groove is provided on one side of the upper and lower circular blocks respectively, and an elastic connecting ring is fitted into the annular fitting groove. The upper and lower ends of the outer helical spring are respectively connected to the corresponding elastic connecting ring.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This multi-stage damping helical spring structure achieves a progressive damping effect under different loads, improving damping efficiency and structural stability, while avoiding stress concentration and extending service life. This multi-stage damping helical spring structure uses an outer helical spring between the upper and lower circular blocks to achieve initial elastic buffering. Combined with the multi-stage linkage design of the first, second, and third buffer components between the lower pressure column and the pressure-bearing cylinder, the structure can sequentially activate multiple damping units under different impact intensities, forming a progressive energy absorption mechanism. Furthermore, the cooperative relationship between the various buffer components rationally distributes the external load, effectively reducing the risk of local stress concentration and improving the overall structural durability and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a helical spring structure with multi-stage shock absorption according to the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the upper circular block of a helical spring structure with multi-stage shock absorption according to the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall external structure of a helical spring structure with multi-stage shock absorption according to the present invention.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Upper circular block; 2. Outer helical spring; 3. Lower pressure column; 4. Pressure bearing cylinder; 5. Lower circular block; 6. Fixing ring; 7. Pre-tightening spring; 8. Guide assembly; 801. Arc-shaped support block; 802. Linear guide rail; 803. Mating block; 9. Upper pressure block; 10. Compression spring; 11. Lower pressure block; 12. Support spring; 13. Elastic connecting ring. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0017] Please see Figure 1-3This utility model provides a technical solution: a helical spring structure with multi-stage shock absorption, including an upper circular block 1 and a lower circular block 5. An outer helical spring 2 is connected between the upper circular block 1 and the lower circular block 5. A lower pressure column 3 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the upper circular block 1, and a pressure-bearing cylinder 4 that cooperates with the lower pressure column 3 is welded and fixed to the top of the lower circular block 5. The inner diameter of the upper part of the pressure-bearing cylinder 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower part. The bottom end of the lower pressure column 3 extends into the interior of the pressure-bearing cylinder 4. The end of the lower pressure column 3 located outside the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder 4 is provided with a first buffer assembly consisting of a fixing ring 6 and a pre-tensioning spring 7. The upper end of the interior of the pressure-bearing cylinder 4 is provided with a second buffer assembly consisting of an upper pressure block 9 and a compression spring 10. The lower end of the interior of the pressure-bearing cylinder 4 is provided with a... The third buffer assembly, consisting of the lower pressure block 11 and the support spring 12, has an upper circular block 1 and a lower circular block 5 serving as the upper and lower connecting ends of the overall structure, respectively. The outer helical spring 2 directly undertakes the initial shock absorption task. When subjected to external pressure, it first undergoes elastic deformation to absorb some of the impact energy. At the same time, the upper circular block 1 drives the lower pressure column 3 to move downward under the action of external force and insert into the pressure-bearing cylinder 4. At this time, the pre-tightening spring 7 connecting the fixing ring 6 in the first buffer assembly and the top edge of the pressure-bearing cylinder 4 begins to function, providing auxiliary buffering force under the initial load to avoid rigid collisions, and establishing a response bar for subsequent multi-stage buffering. As the load further increases, the upper pressure block 9 in the second buffer assembly is pressed downward and moves through the compression spring. 10 transmits force to the lower pressure block 11 in the third buffer assembly, while the support spring 12 is gradually compressed in the process, forming a progressive multi-stage damping path, thereby achieving dynamic response under different load stages. This structure, through the orderly linkage between the components, effectively avoids the problems of stress concentration and fatigue damage of traditional helical springs in sudden impacts or high-frequency vibrations, improves the overall damping efficiency, stability and service life, and solves the technical defects of the existing single spring structure in terms of insufficient damping performance and inability to adapt to complex load environments. The fixing ring 6 of the first buffer assembly is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the upper end of the lower pressure column 3, and the pre-tension spring 7 is connected between the bottom of the fixing ring 6 and the edge of the top of the pressure cylinder 4, and the pre-tension spring 7 is also sleeved on the lower pressure column. Externally, when the pressure column 3 is subjected to an external load and moves downward, the fixing ring 6 moves synchronously downward outside the upper end of the pressure column 3, causing the pre-tension spring 7 connected to its bottom to compress together. The pre-tension spring 7 is compressed first and generates a buffering force, thereby providing shock absorption in the initial stage. At the same time, the pre-tension spring 7 is sleeved on the outside of the pressure column 3 to ensure that it will not shift or become unstable during the compression process, ensuring the uniform transmission of the spring force, and further improving the sensitivity and stability of the first buffer component. The upper pressure block 9 and the lower pressure block 11 are respectively movably located at the upper and lower ends inside the pressure cylinder 4. The compression spring 10 is connected between the upper pressure block 9 and the lower pressure block 11, and the support spring 12 is connected between the bottom of the lower pressure block 11 and the bottom inner wall of the pressure cylinder 4.In this structure, as the pressure column 3 continues to press downward into the pressure cylinder 4 and reaches a certain stroke, the upper pressure block 9, constrained by the space at the top of the pressure cylinder 4, begins to compress the lower pressure block 11 connected to it via the compression spring 10. At this time, the compression spring 10 is compressed and generates a second-level buffer resistance. Simultaneously, the lower pressure block 11 further transmits force to the support spring 12 connected between its bottom and the inner wall of the pressure cylinder 4, causing it to be gradually compressed as well, forming a third-level damping response. This achieves the orderly intervention of two-stage buffer components within a limited space, enabling the corresponding damping levels to be triggered at different load stages, effectively absorbing impact energy, and improving the overall damping stability and response accuracy. A guide component 8 is symmetrically arranged on the outer side of the first buffer component to guide... Component 8 includes arc-shaped support blocks 801 fixed to both sides of the fixed ring 6, linear guide rails 802 installed inside the arc-shaped support blocks 801, and mating blocks 803 fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the upper end of the pressure cylinder 4. When the fixed ring 6 is subjected to external force, the arc-shaped support blocks 801 on both sides move synchronously. The linear guide rails 802 inside the arc-shaped support blocks 801 maintain a sliding fit with the mating blocks 803. Thus, during the compression of the pressure cylinder 4 by the downward pressure column 3, this guiding structure effectively guides the pressure cylinder 4 to move precisely along the axial direction, preventing swaying, tilting, or jamming caused by eccentricity or lateral forces. This enhances the system's response consistency and anti-eccentric load capacity under complex load conditions, thereby improving the overall vibration damping performance and structural reliability. The 803 is adapted to the limiting groove in the linear guide 802, and the mating block 803 and the linear guide 802 are provided in three sets between each arc-shaped support block 801 and the outer wall of the pressure cylinder 4. This structure achieves precise displacement control by the mating block 803 along the guide path of the limiting groove in the linear guide 802. The three sets of guide units are symmetrically distributed in space and jointly undertake the guiding task, effectively dispersing the lateral force and torque caused by uneven external load. This layout design not only improves the load-bearing capacity and anti-eccentric load performance of the guide component 8, but also significantly enhances the response accuracy and operational stability of the damping system under dynamic load. The upper circular block 1 and the lower circular block 5 are provided with annular fitting grooves on their corresponding sides, and elastic connecting rings are fitted into the annular fitting grooves. 13. The elastic connecting ring 13 can be made of spring steel, which has good elasticity and mechanical strength. The upper and lower ends of the outer helical spring 2 are respectively connected to the corresponding elastic connecting rings 13. With this structure, when the upper circular block 1 and the lower circular block 5 are subjected to external loads and undergo relative displacement, the elastic connecting ring 13 can effectively buffer and absorb the energy generated by vibration or impact. Furthermore, the elastic force of the outer helical spring 2 can be evenly transmitted to the upper circular block 1 and the lower circular block 5 through the elastic connecting ring 13, avoiding stress concentration problems caused by direct rigid contact. This design ensures that the entire helical spring structure can work more smoothly and effectively under complex and variable load conditions, improving the durability and reliability of the system.

[0018] Working Principle: When using this multi-stage shock-absorbing helical spring structure, when an external load acts between the upper circular block 1 and the lower circular block 5, the outer helical spring 2 first undergoes elastic compression, absorbing the initial impact energy. Simultaneously, the upper circular block 1 drives the lower pressure column 3 downwards and inserts it into the pressure-bearing cylinder 4. As the compression stroke continues, the fixing ring 6, which is fixedly sleeved on the lower pressure column 3, moves downwards synchronously, and the pre-tension spring 7 connected to its bottom begins to compress, providing the first stage of buffering. As the lower pressure column 3 further penetrates into the pressure-bearing cylinder 4, the upper pressure block 9 is subjected to pressure and begins to move downwards, compressing its... The connected compression spring 10 transmits force to the lower pressure block 11, which in turn compresses the support spring 12 at the bottom of the lower pressure block 11, thereby activating the second and third stage buffer components in sequence. During the entire compression process, the mating block 803 in the guide component 8 always slides along the limiting groove in the linear guide rail 802 to ensure that the pressure-bearing cylinder 4 runs stably along the axial direction and prevents deviation or jamming. When the external load is removed, each spring rebounds in sequence, pushing the upper pressure block 9, the lower pressure block 11 and the pressure-bearing cylinder 4 to reset. At the same time, the pre-tightening spring 7 and the outer helical spring 2 return to their original state, driving the overall structure back to the initial state, thereby completing a series of operations.

[0019] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A helical spring structure with multi-stage damping, comprising an upper circular block (1) and a lower circular block (5), wherein an outer helical spring (2) is connected between the upper circular block (1) and the lower circular block (5), characterized in that: The bottom of the upper circular block (1) is provided with a pressure column (3), and the top of the lower circular block (5) is provided with a pressure-bearing cylinder (4) that cooperates with the pressure column (3). The end of the pressure column (3) located outside the top of the pressure-bearing cylinder (4) is provided with a first buffer assembly consisting of a fixing ring (6) and a pre-tightening spring (7). The upper end of the inside of the pressure-bearing cylinder (4) is provided with a second buffer assembly consisting of an upper pressure block (9) and a compression spring (10). The lower end of the inside of the pressure-bearing cylinder (4) is provided with a third buffer assembly consisting of a lower pressure block (11) and a support spring (12).

2. The helical spring structure with multi-stage damping as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing ring (6) of the first buffer assembly is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the upper end of the pressure column (3), and the pre-tightening spring (7) is connected between the bottom of the fixing ring (6) and the edge of the top of the pressure cylinder (4), and the pre-tightening spring (7) is also sleeved on the outside of the pressure column (3).

3. The helical spring structure with multi-stage damping as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper pressure block (9) and the lower pressure block (11) are respectively movably disposed at the upper and lower ends inside the pressure cylinder (4). The compression spring (10) is connected between the upper pressure block (9) and the lower pressure block (11), and the support spring (12) is connected between the bottom of the lower pressure block (11) and the bottom inner wall of the pressure cylinder (4).

4. A helical spring structure with multi-stage damping as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The first buffer assembly is symmetrically provided with a guide assembly (8) on the outside. The guide assembly (8) includes an arc-shaped support block (801) fixed on both sides of the fixed ring (6), a linear guide rail (802) installed on the inner side of the arc-shaped support block (801), and a mating block (803) fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the upper end of the pressure cylinder (4).

5. A helical spring structure with multi-stage damping as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The mating block (803) is adapted to the limiting groove in the linear guide (802), and the mating block (803) and the linear guide (802) are provided in three sets between each arc-shaped support block (801) and the outer wall of the pressure cylinder (4).

6. A helical spring structure with multi-stage damping as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The upper circular block (1) and the lower circular block (5) each have an annular fitting groove on one side, and an elastic connecting ring (13) is fitted into the annular fitting groove. The upper and lower ends of the outer spiral spring (2) are respectively connected to the corresponding elastic connecting ring (13).

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