A production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony

Abstract

A kind of high-lead antimony preparation antimony white production system, it includes: blowing furnace;Blowing furnace left side is equipped with pressure fan, pressure fan is connected with the blowing furnace by blowing pipe, blowing pipe is located in the hearth upper side of blowing furnace;Blowing furnace right side is equipped with air cooler for collecting antimony white containing smoke, one end of air cooler is connected with the top outlet of blowing furnace, other end is connected with dust collection device, dust collection device is equipped in the right side of air cooler;Dust collection device is connected with exhaust fan, exhaust fan is equipped in the rear of dust collection device, the outlet of exhaust fan is connected with water trap;Blowing furnace bottom discharge port below is equipped with ingot casting machine;Blowing furnace is electrically connected with temperature control device, temperature control device is arranged in the rear of blowing furnace.The production system provided by the utility model has good antimony white preparation effect, meets 99.5 antimony trioxide national standard, has low manufacturing cost and good economic benefit;The system is simple to operate, fast and efficient, and has short technological process, and can realize full-automatic control;No environmental pollution, low cost, less investment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of non-ferrous resource recycling equipment technology, and more specifically, to a production system for preparing antimony white from high lead and antimony. Background Technology

[0002] Antimony-lead alloys, as an important intermediate product in the antimony smelting industry, are mainly derived from the smelting of brittle sulfur antimony ore and the recovery of lead slag during the lead removal process in antimony pyrometallurgical refining. Traditionally used in the manufacture of lead-acid battery grids and mechanical bearings, this alloy has gradually become a direct raw material for the preparation of high-purity antimony trioxide products in recent years. Currently, there are three main technical routes for the preparation of antimony oxide from high-lead antimony alloys: pyrometallurgical volatilization, while technically mature, suffers from systemic defects such as severe lead volatilization pollution, excessive energy consumption, and unsatisfactory antimony recovery efficiency; wet leaching, while achieving good lead-antimony separation, has inherent drawbacks such as complex process flow, high chemical reagent consumption, and difficulty in improving the overall antimony recovery rate; emerging innovative processes such as vacuum distillation-oxidation, while offering high separation efficiency, have extremely high equipment investment costs; and molten salt electrolysis faces technical bottlenecks such as short electrode material lifespan and low current efficiency. Especially for antimony-lead alloy raw materials with high lead content, existing processes have significant shortcomings in lead-antimony separation control, oxide collection efficiency, and equipment synergy, making it difficult to simultaneously meet environmental protection requirements, energy consumption control, and product quality standards. This technological limitation severely restricts the efficient utilization of high-lead-antimony resources, necessitating the development of new integrated production systems to achieve efficient conversion and recovery of antimony in lead-antimony alloys through optimized equipment configuration and process parameters. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a production system for preparing antimony white from high lead and antimony, as well as a temperature control device for a volatilization furnace, an ingot casting machine, the angle and position of the blowing pipe, a dust collection device and a water collector, which has the advantages of improving antimony recovery efficiency, reducing lead volatilization pollution and optimizing equipment collaborative operation.

[0004] This application provides a production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony materials, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A production system for producing antimony white from high-lead antimony materials includes: a volatilization furnace; a compressed air fan is located on the left side of the volatilization furnace, the compressed air fan being connected to the volatilization furnace via a blower pipe located on the upper side of the furnace chamber; an air cooler for collecting antimony white-containing flue gas is located on the right side of the volatilization furnace, one end of the air cooler being connected to the top outlet of the volatilization furnace, and the other end being connected to a dust collection device located on the right side of the air cooler; the dust collection device is connected to an exhaust fan located behind the dust collection device, and the outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to a water collector; an ingot casting machine is located below the bottom discharge port of the volatilization furnace; the volatilization furnace is electrically connected to a temperature control device located behind the volatilization furnace.

[0006] Furthermore, the blower pipe is located at a 95-degree angle at one end in the volatile boiling furnace.

[0007] Furthermore, the nozzle of the blower pipe is 10mm away from the liquid surface in the blower furnace.

[0008] Furthermore, the dust collection device is a bag pulse dust collector.

[0009] Furthermore, a dust collection hopper is provided below the dust collection device.

[0010] Furthermore, the water trap is a water-washing empty tower.

[0011] Furthermore, the air cooler is a large-diameter stainless steel herringbone pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, the ingot casting machine is a linear ingot casting machine.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. This utility model achieves efficient volatilization and collection of antimony elements by using a volatilization furnace temperature control device, ingot casting machine, air duct angle and position, dust collection device and water collector, and through the coordinated configuration of air compressor, volatilization furnace, air cooler, dust collection device and water collector, combined with optimized air duct angle and position, while reducing lead pollution. It has the advantages of improving antimony recovery efficiency, achieving antimony white purity of over 99.5%, reducing lead volatilization pollution, and optimizing equipment coordinated operation.

[0015] 2. This utility model has a compact structure, short process, fast processing, easy operation and control, and convenient management and maintenance; it requires less investment, has low processing costs, can automatically control elevation, requires fewer staff, and is highly safe. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The features and advantages of this utility model will be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings. The drawings are schematic and should not be construed as limiting the utility model in any way. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a high-lead antimony processing system for preparing antimony white, provided by this utility model.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0019] 1. Air compressor; 2. Volatile air furnace; 3. Air duct; 4. Temperature control device; 5. Ingot casting machine; 6. Air cooler; 7. Dust collection device; 8. Exhaust fan; 9. Water collector. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of this utility model. However, this utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. Therefore, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] In existing technologies, antimony-lead alloys, as an important intermediate product in the antimony smelting industry, have long faced challenges in their processing, including lead volatilization pollution, low antimony oxidation efficiency, and high system energy consumption. Traditional pyrometallurgical processes rely on high-temperature oxidation and volatilization, leading to lead vapor emissions and environmental pollution. While hydrometallurgical processes achieve lead-antimony separation, they suffer from lengthy processes and high acid and alkali consumption. Innovative technologies such as vacuum distillation and molten salt electrolysis improve separation efficiency, but their equipment costs are high or their electrode lifespan is insufficient. When processing high-lead antimony alloys to produce antimony trioxide, existing technologies struggle to balance product purity, energy efficiency, and environmental requirements, necessitating the development of a dedicated production system adapted to high-lead-content raw materials.

[0022] To address the aforementioned problems, this application proposes a production system for preparing antimony white using high-lead antimony formulations, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a volatilization furnace 2; a blower 1 is provided on the left side of the volatilization furnace 2, and the blower 1 is connected to the volatilization furnace 2 through a blower pipe 3, which is located on the upper side of the furnace chamber of the volatilization furnace 2; an air cooler 6 for collecting antimony-containing white smoke is provided on the right side of the volatilization furnace 2, one end of the air cooler 6 is connected to the top outlet of the volatilization furnace 2, and the other end is connected to a dust collection device 7, which is located on the right side of the air cooler 6; the dust collection device 7 is connected to an exhaust fan 8, which is located behind the dust collection device 7, and the outlet of the exhaust fan 8 is connected to a water collector 9; an ingot casting machine 5 is provided below the bottom discharge port of the volatilization furnace 2; the volatilization furnace 2 is electrically connected to a temperature control device 4, which is located behind the volatilization furnace 2.

[0023] In some examples, the blower 1 refers to the power equipment that provides the airflow required for forced oxidation, which can be implemented using a centrifugal blower. The oxygen concentration inside the furnace is controlled by adjusting the air pressure. The blower duct 3 refers to the gas delivery channel connecting the blower 1 and the volatilization furnace 2, which can be implemented using a high-temperature alloy pipe. The angle of its duct opening affects the uniformity of airflow distribution. The volatilization furnace 2 refers to the core container for the metal melting and oxidation reaction, which can be implemented using a vertical reactor lined with refractory material. Its structural design must ensure the stability of the molten pool depth and temperature field. For example, it can be cast from refractory material with a temperature resistance of 1000 or 1200℃, hemispherical in shape, with steel bars on all four sides, a discharge port at the bottom, a volatile matter outlet at the top, a feed port on the side, and a blower inlet at the edge. It can be electrically heated or gas-fired heated.

[0024] Blower 1 continuously delivers high-speed airflow to the surface of the molten pool in the volatilization furnace 2 through blower duct 3, creating a turbulent zone on the surface of the molten pool to accelerate the oxidation reaction of antimony. A specific temperature range is maintained within the volatilization furnace 2, causing antimony to preferentially oxidize into antimony trioxide vapor, while lead remains in a molten state. The rising antimony-containing vapor enters the air cooler 6 and is rapidly cooled, causing the antimony trioxide to condense into micron-sized particles. Exhaust fan 8 establishes negative pressure at the inlet of the dust collection device 7, guiding the dust-laden airflow into a bag filter to achieve gas-solid separation and collect antimony white. The purified exhaust gas enters the water collector 9, where residual lead particles are further removed by water curtain spraying. The devices are arranged according to functional zones, with the left side for pressing the oxidation medium and the right side for suction forming opposing airflows, enhancing the mass transfer efficiency within the reactor.

[0025] Among them, temperature control device 4 refers to a closed-loop control system that can collect furnace temperature data in real time and execute adjustment actions. Specifically, it can be implemented by linking a thermocouple sensor with a PLC controller and an electromagnetic heating unit. By dynamically adjusting the heating power, the furnace temperature is stabilized within the optimal temperature range for the antimony oxidation reaction. Electrical connection refers to the physical connection between the signal transmission line and the power control line. Specifically, armored cables can be used to connect the temperature sensor and the controller, and the heating unit current can be adjusted through a thyristor module, thereby achieving continuous feedback and real-time correction of temperature parameters.

[0026] During the oxidation process of antimony-lead alloy, the temperature sensor transmits the detected furnace temperature data to the controller in real time. When the temperature deviates from the set threshold, the controller outputs an adjustment signal according to a preset algorithm to control the electromagnetic heating unit to increase or decrease its power output. For example, when the detected furnace temperature is lower than the antimony oxidation initiation temperature, the system automatically increases the heating power to shorten the heating time; when the temperature approaches the lead volatilization critical point, the system immediately reduces the power output to suppress lead vapor generation. The temperature control device 4 is located behind the volatilization furnace 2, allowing for equipment maintenance through an independent access channel while avoiding spatial overlap with the front-end blowing pipe 3 and air cooler 6, ensuring smooth collaborative operation of all functional modules.

[0027] Among them, the discharge port of the blown gas furnace 2 is the opening structure at the bottom of the blown gas furnace 2 for discharging high-temperature molten materials. Specifically, it can be made of high-temperature resistant ceramic or alloy materials. Its function is to guide the molten products after oxidation reaction to the downstream equipment (ingot casting machine 5).

[0028] Specifically, after the molten high-lead slag flows out of the outlet of the volatilization furnace 2, it falls directly into the receiving tank of the ingot casting machine 5. After the material is formed into regular blocks in the ingot casting machine 5, it is automatically transported to the storage area by the conveyor belt without the need for manual handling or intermediate storage.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, the ingot casting machine 5 is a linear ingot casting machine.

[0030] In some specific embodiments, the blower pipe 3 is positioned at a 95-degree angle at one end within the blower furnace 2, and the outlet of the blower pipe 3 is 10 mm from the liquid surface in the blower furnace 2. The blower pipe 3 refers to the pipe used to deliver airflow into the blower furnace 2, and can be made of high-temperature resistant metal material. Its end is bent or folded to form a specific angle, so that the airflow direction is not perpendicular to the molten metal surface. This angle design can adjust the airflow coverage range and avoid severe local disturbances caused by direct blowing onto the liquid surface.

[0031] Specifically, the end of the blower pipe 3 extends into the volatilization furnace 2 at a 95-degree angle, and the airflow acts on the surface of the molten metal along the inclined direction. The airflow pushes the liquid surface to generate rotational motion, promoting full contact between antimony metal and oxygen and oxidation to generate antimony trioxide vapor. At the same time, the denser lead metal settles downwards due to gravity. The inclined airflow reduces the impact force on the liquid surface in local areas, promotes the rotation of the liquid surface, and improves the oxidation efficiency of antimony by increasing the gas-liquid contact area. In the high-temperature oxidation reaction, when the distance between the outlet of the blower pipe 3 and the liquid surface is controlled within a specific range, the airflow generates a moderate shearing effect on the melt surface, promoting the oxidation and volatilization of antimony while avoiding droplet entrainment. By precisely controlling this distance to 10mm, the antimony oxide vapor formed on the melt surface can quickly leave the reaction zone, while the lead melt is less volatilized because it is not directly impacted by the airflow.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the dust collection device 7 is a bag pulse dust collector 7, with a dust collection hopper located below it. The bag pulse dust collector 7 refers to a device that filters dust through fiber filter bags and uses pulse jet cleaning technology to achieve dust removal. Specifically, it can use filter bags made of polyester or glass fiber, combined with a compressed air injection system controlled by an electromagnetic pulse valve. The fiber gaps in the filter bags can trap submicron-sized particles. Pulse jet cleaning uses a short-duration, high-pressure airflow to reverse-impact the inner wall of the filter bag, causing the attached dust to detach without damaging the filter bag structure. This cleaning method maintains the continuity of system operation while ensuring filtration efficiency.

[0033] Specifically, after the high-temperature airflow containing antimony oxide (antimony white) enters the bag pulse dust collector 7, the gaseous antimony oxide, due to its small molecular particle size, penetrates the filter bag and continues to migrate towards the water collector 9, while lead oxide particles are trapped by the filter bag, forming a dust layer. The pulse control module triggers the cleaning program based on the differential pressure sensor signal, and compressed air is released instantaneously through the blowpipe to remove the lead oxide dust accumulated on the surface of the filter bag. During the cleaning process, the fiber layer of the filter bag remains intact, avoiding filter bag damage caused by traditional mechanical vibration, thereby preventing lead pollutant leakage. The cleaning cycle is dynamically matched with the dust generation rate of the volatilization furnace 2 to ensure stable negative pressure in the system, so that the gaseous migration path of antimony oxide is not disturbed.

[0034] In some specific embodiments, the water collector 9 is a water-washed air purification tower. A water-washed air purification tower is a gas-liquid contact device, specifically implemented using a tower structure made of plastic sheets. The tower body is equipped with a multi-layer spray system. A continuous water spray from the top forms a water curtain, while dust-laden gas is introduced from the bottom. Gas-liquid mass transfer is completed during counter-current contact. The multi-stage spray structure refers to the installation of multiple sets of nozzles at different heights within the tower body, specifically achieved through staggered spray layers. This staged spraying increases the gas-liquid contact area, promoting thorough collision and combination of suspended particles in the gas with the water film. Counter-current contact means that the gas flow direction is opposite to the water flow direction. This can be achieved through a bottom-inlet, top-outlet structure design, utilizing gravity to prolong the gas-liquid contact time and improve the collection efficiency of fine particles.

[0035] Specifically, high-temperature flue gas enters the bottom of the water-washing tower from the outlet of dust collection device 7. A spray system at the top of the tower evenly sprays water mist into the tower's interior, forming a continuous water curtain. As the flue gas rises, it collides counter-currently with the falling water droplets. Lead-containing particles are enveloped by the water film and settle to the bottom of the tower due to gravity, while the purified gas is discharged from the top. Through this multi-stage spray structure, the flue gas repeatedly contacts water mist of varying densities at different heights, achieving a progressively enhanced mixing of the gas and liquid phases, thus gradually removing residual antimony white dust and lead particles.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the air cooler 6 is a large-diameter stainless steel herringbone pipe. Stainless steel refers to a material based on an iron-chromium alloy, specifically 316L austenitic stainless steel, whose high-temperature oxidation resistance can adapt to the high-temperature antimony oxide flue gas environment generated by the volatilization furnace 2. The large-diameter design means that the inner diameter of the pipe is larger than the conventional size, specifically using a pipe diameter of 800-1200 mm. This increases the gas flow cross-sectional area, reducing flow velocity and minimizing particulate matter deposition. The herringbone structure refers to a continuous bend in the flow channel composed of multiple sections of bent pipe. This can be achieved by using a continuous bend with adjacent pipe sections at a 120-degree angle, creating a turbulent flow field by changing the airflow direction, thus improving the air cooling effect.

[0037] In some specific implementations, guide vanes can be installed at the bends of the herringbone pipe to enhance the turbulence effect, and the inner wall of the pipe can be mirror-polished to reduce frictional resistance.

[0038] The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0039] High-lead antimony material is fed into the volatilization furnace 2, which is then heated to melt the high-lead antimony. After melting, the slag on top is removed. The water collector 9, exhaust fan 8, and dust collection device 7 are then turned on sequentially. Finally, the blower is turned on, and air is blown into the volatilization furnace 2 through the blower pipe 3. The volatilization temperature and time are controlled, and high-lead antimony is added to the volatilization furnace 2 periodically. Antimony white products are periodically poured out of the hopper of the dust collection device 7 for packaging. After a certain reaction period, when the lead content in the bottom water reaches the requirements for external lead sales, the lead bottom water is released from the bottom outlet of the volatilization furnace 2 and formed in the ingot casting machine 5. After the bottom water is released, the above production process is repeated. When shutting down the furnace, the bottom water is released first, the electric heating is turned off, the blower 1 is stopped, the blower pipe 3 is removed, and the dust collection device 7, exhaust fan 8, and water collector 9 are stopped.

[0040] Although embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony alloys, characterized in that, include: A volatilization furnace is provided; a compressed air fan is located on the left side of the volatilization furnace, and the compressed air fan is connected to the volatilization furnace through an air blowing pipe located on the upper side of the furnace chamber; an air cooler for collecting antimony-containing white fumes is provided on the right side of the volatilization furnace, one end of the air cooler is connected to the top outlet of the volatilization furnace, and the other end is connected to a dust collection device located on the right side of the air cooler; the dust collection device is connected to an exhaust fan located behind the dust collection device, and the outlet of the exhaust fan is connected to a water collector; an ingot casting machine is located below the bottom discharge port of the volatilization furnace; the volatilization furnace is electrically connected to a temperature control device located behind the volatilization furnace.

2. The production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blower pipe is located at a 95-degree angle at one end in the volatilization furnace.

3. The production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle of the blower pipe is 10 mm away from the liquid surface in the volatilization furnace.

4. The production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust collection device is a bag pulse dust collector.

5. The production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony powder according to claim 4, characterized in that, A dust collection hopper is located below the dust collection device.

6. The production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water collector is a water-washed empty tower.

7. The production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air cooler is a large-diameter stainless steel herringbone pipe.

8. The production system for preparing antimony white from high-lead antimony powder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ingot casting machine is a linear ingot casting machine.

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