Multifunctional smelting furnace

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multifunctional smelting furnace, including smelting furnace and the furnace cover that is arranged in the area outside smelting furnace and forms the closed smelting environment, set up the feeding mechanism for adding the furnace burden to smelting furnace and the flue gas emission mechanism for carrying out smelting flue gas treatment on the furnace cover, the utility model drives the furnace body to move above the track with the furnace car, and provides the convenience for the smelting production of furnace body feeding, and the production site can select the overhead crane, the forklift, the bunker and a variety of furnace burden adding mode according to the working condition. The special oxygen lance, powder gun facility can be developed according to the specific extraction process requirement such as metal melting, reduction, provide the reduction, oxidation different atmosphere condition required for smelting production and carry out high temperature smelting, satisfy the smelting requirement of different types of metal and metallurgical slag dust, and the use flexibility is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of metal and metallurgical slag smelting technology, specifically to a multi-functional smelting furnace. Background Technology

[0002] Large-scale metal production processes generate significant amounts of high-temperature smelting slag and metal dust, which possess high recycling value for metals such as iron, copper, zinc, and lead. Industrial production and daily life generate substantial amounts of waste metal, which constitute urban mines and hold significant importance for metal recycling. Both metals and metallurgical slag and dust require high-temperature smelting processing; therefore, high-temperature smelting equipment is an indispensable necessity for metal extraction and processing.

[0003] Conventional metal smelting furnaces, such as converters, electric furnaces, and kilns, are fixed smelting furnace units, with raw material and fuel addition and electrode heating devices arranged around them. Current mainstream smelting furnaces are often unit equipment required for long-process smelting, with large individual processing capacities and short operating cycles. They require large auxiliary systems such as dust removal systems, resulting in high system investment and limited functionality, making them unsuitable for short-process smelting operations using a single furnace. Therefore, suitable high-temperature smelting equipment is lacking for waste metal recycling and metallurgical slag dust reduction and extraction; currently, these are often used as auxiliary materials added to conventional smelting furnaces. Utility Model Content

[0004] Technical objective: To address the shortcomings of existing metal and metallurgical slag and dust smelting and recycling methods, this utility model discloses a multi-functional smelting furnace.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A multifunctional smelting furnace includes a smelting furnace and a furnace hood arranged outside the area where the smelting furnace is located to form a closed smelting environment. The furnace hood is provided with a feeding mechanism for adding furnace charge into the smelting furnace and a flue gas emission mechanism for treating smelting flue gas. The smelting furnace includes a furnace body and a molten pool cover. The molten pool cover is provided with heating electrodes for heating the furnace charge to maintain the smelting temperature. The molten pool cover and the heating electrodes are integrally and liftably arranged above the furnace body. The bottom of the furnace body is provided with a liquid metal outlet, and the top is provided with a slag outlet. A tilting mechanism is provided on the outside of the furnace body to drive the furnace body to the slag outlet side for molten slag discharge.

[0007] Preferably, the furnace body of this invention forms a molten pool for melting furnace charge inside, the upper region of the molten pool is larger than the lower region, a bottom molten pool is formed in the lower part for accumulating liquid metal, and an upper molten pool is formed in the upper part for receiving furnace charge and accumulating slag, and an oxygen lance and a powder injection lance are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the upper molten pool.

[0008] Preferably, the feeding mechanism of this utility model includes a storage bin and a furnace door located on one side of the furnace hood. A feeding port is provided below the storage bin, allowing the storage bin to be used directly or a crane or loader to feed the furnace through the furnace door. A furnace car is provided at the bottom of the furnace to move the furnace between the smelting area and the feeding area. A tilting mechanism is provided on the furnace car, and a track is provided at the bottom of the furnace car for movement guidance.

[0009] Preferably, the slag outlet of this utility model is a chute structure, and a slag outlet groove is provided below the slag outlet end of the slag outlet, wherein the slag outlet groove adopts a funnel-shaped structure.

[0010] Preferably, the tilting mechanism of this utility model adopts a hydraulic push rod located below the end of the furnace body opposite to the slag outlet.

[0011] Preferably, the flue gas emission mechanism of this utility model includes a flue connected to the furnace hood, and a heat exchanger, a dry dust collector, an induced draft fan and a chimney connected in sequence behind the flue.

[0012] Beneficial Effects: The multifunctional smelting furnace disclosed in this utility model uses a furnace car to move the furnace body above the track, facilitating the feeding of materials during smelting production. Various material feeding methods, such as overhead cranes, loader loader, and hoppers, can be selected on-site according to working conditions. The development of specialized oxygen lances and powder injection lances allows for the provision of different atmospheres for reduction and oxidation required in smelting production, based on specific extraction processes such as metal melting and reduction. This meets the smelting needs of different types of metals and metallurgical slag dust, offering high flexibility in use. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0014] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the smelting system of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the new type of smelting furnace used in this invention;

[0016] Among them, 1-furnace hood, 2-furnace body, 3-molten pool cover, 4-heating electrode, 5-liquid metal outlet, 6-slag outlet, 7-tilting mechanism, 8-bottom molten pool, 9-upper molten pool, 10-storage bin, 11-furnace door, 12-furnace car, 13-track, 14-flue, 15-heat exchanger, 16-dry dust collector, 17-induced draft fan, 18-chimney, 19-metal tank, 20-tank car, 21-oxygen lance, 22-powder injection lance, 23-slag outlet trough. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present disclosure, one or more of which are set forth herein. Each embodiment and example is provided by way of explanation of the apparatus, composition, and materials of the present disclosure, and not by way of limitation. Rather, the following description provides convenient illustrations for implementing exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Indeed, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the teachings of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the present disclosure.

[0018] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model discloses a multifunctional smelting furnace, including a smelting furnace and a furnace cover 1 set outside the area where the smelting furnace is located to form a closed smelting environment. The furnace cover 1 is provided with a feeding mechanism for adding furnace charge into the smelting furnace and a flue gas emission mechanism for treating smelting flue gas. The smelting furnace includes a furnace body 2 and a molten pool cover 3. A heating electrode 4 for heating the furnace charge and maintaining the smelting temperature is installed on the molten pool cover 3. The molten pool cover 3 and the heating electrode 4 are raised and lowered as a whole above the furnace body 2, which is achieved by a lifting frame or other structure or by using a lifting device. The method of raising and lowering the height is a mature technology, and this utility model will not elaborate further. A liquid metal outlet 5 is provided at the bottom of the furnace body 2 and a slag outlet 6 is provided at the top. A tilting mechanism 7 is provided on the outside of the furnace body 2 to drive the furnace body 2 to the side of the slag outlet 6 for molten slag discharge.

[0019] The main body of the furnace hood 1 of this utility model is a steel structure, and the interior of the furnace hood 1 is installed with refractory material, the thickness of which is not less than 50mm. The furnace door 11 is a liftable fireproof door, with a steel frame on the outside and high-temperature resistant fireproof material on the inside.

[0020] The feeding mechanism of this utility model includes a storage bin 10 and a furnace door 11 located on one side of the furnace cover 1. A feeding port is provided below the storage bin 10. The storage bin 10 can be used directly or a crane or loader can be used to feed the smelting furnace through the furnace door 11. A furnace car 12 is provided at the bottom of the smelting furnace to move the smelting furnace between the smelting area and the feeding area. The end of the furnace body 2 where the slag outlet 6 is located is connected to the furnace car 12 by bolts and bearings. A tilting mechanism 7 is provided on the furnace car 12. In the embodiment of this utility model, in order to maintain the stable operation of the furnace body slag discharge after high-temperature smelting, the tilting mechanism 7 adopts a hydraulic push rod located below the end of the furnace body 2 away from the slag outlet 6. A track 13 is provided at the bottom of the furnace car 12 for movement guidance.

[0021] The furnace body 2 of this invention forms a molten pool inside for smelting furnace charge. The upper region of the molten pool is larger than the lower region, increasing its receiving area to facilitate effective reception of smelting furnace charge. An upper molten pool 9 is formed at the top for receiving furnace charge and accumulating slag. Oxygen lances 21 and powder injection lances 22 are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the upper molten pool 9. The oxygen lances 21 and powder injection lances 22 are fixed to the furnace body 2 by welding or bolts. A bottom molten pool 8 is formed at the bottom of the molten pool for accumulating liquid metal. A liquid metal outlet 5 extends from the bottom molten pool 8 to the outside of the furnace body 2. A metal tank 19 for receiving liquid metal is arranged below the liquid metal outlet 5. The metal tank 19 is driven by a tank car 20 to transfer liquid metal.

[0022] The furnace body 2 of this utility model is formed by an outer furnace shell and a furnace lining disposed inside the furnace shell. The furnace lining is made of refractory material with a thickness of not less than 150 mm. The furnace shell is a steel structure shell, and the steel plate used has a thickness of not less than 20 mm.

[0023] The liquid metal outlet 5 has a steel structure pipeline on its outer side and is internally lined with refractory material. The oxygen lance 21 and powder spraying lance 22 are primarily made of high-temperature resistant steel. The heating electrode 4 is primarily a graphite electrode. The storage silo 10 is a steel structure silo. The metal tank 19 is a steel structure tank body, internally lined with refractory material with a thickness of not less than 150mm. The tank truck 20 is a steel structure transport vehicle used for transporting the metal tank 19.

[0024] The slag outlet 6 of this utility model is a chute structure. A slag discharge trough 23 is provided below the slag discharge end of the slag outlet 6. The slag discharge trough 23 adopts a funnel-shaped structure to facilitate the smooth flow of molten slag falling from the slag outlet 6. The flue gas emission mechanism includes a flue 14 connected to the furnace hood 1, and a heat exchanger 15, a dry dust collector 16, an induced draft fan 17 and a chimney 18 connected in sequence behind the flue 14, which together form a flue gas treatment channel so that the flue gas is discharged after meeting the standards.

[0025] The main structures of the flue 14, heat exchanger 15, dry dust collector 16, induced draft fan 17, and chimney 18 are all steel structures, and refractory materials are installed in the flue gas passage in the high-temperature area for protection.

[0026] In use, the furnace door 11 is opened, and the furnace car 12 is started to move the furnace body 2 toward the furnace door 11. The furnace body 2 moves to the feeding area of ​​the furnace cover 1, and the furnace charge is added into the furnace body 3 by means of overhead crane, loader, or other methods. Alternatively, with the furnace door 11 closed, the material can be directly dropped into the furnace body 2 through the storage bin 10 to add the furnace charge.

[0027] Then, with the furnace door 11 closed, the heating electrode 4 is lowered above the upper molten pool 9 to heat and smelt the added furnace charge. Simultaneously, pulverized coal and other materials can be added using the powder injection gun 22, and oxygen lance 21 provides oxygen-rich conditions for the added fuel. After high-temperature smelting for a certain time, the smelted liquid metal accumulates in the bottom molten pool 4. When a certain amount has accumulated, the liquid metal outlet 5 is opened, and the liquid metal flows downwards into the metal tank 19, and is then transported via the tank truck 20 for further processing. The slag obtained from smelting floats above the liquid metal due to the density difference, and thus accumulates in the upper molten pool 5. When a certain amount of slag has accumulated, the slag is discharged. Raising the heating electrode 4 and the molten pool cover 3 a certain distance away from the surface of the upper molten pool 9 does not affect the slag discharge operation. The tilting mechanism is hydraulically driven to lift one side of the furnace body 2, causing the side with the slag outlet 6 to tilt downwards at a certain angle. The specific angle is controlled according to the height of the liquid metal and slag in the molten pool to prevent the liquid metal from flowing out of the slag outlet 6. The slag is then poured out through the slag outlet 6 and the slag trough 23. After the slag is discharged, it can be further processed and utilized according to the processing requirements, such as crushing and waste heat recovery.

[0028] In embodiments of this invention, the time for adding furnace charge is 2-10 minutes, the high-temperature smelting time is 20-50 minutes, the time for discharging liquid metal and slag is 2-5 minutes, and the single furnace charge smelting cycle is 25-60 minutes. The smelting temperature of the furnace is 500-2000℃, which can be adjusted according to the type of material added for smelting. The oxidation-reduction atmosphere conditions inside the furnace body 2 can also be adjusted. A reducing atmosphere can be provided by adding reducing materials such as coal using a powder injection gun 22, and an oxidizing atmosphere can be provided by blowing oxygen using an oxygen lance 21, meeting the needs of various smelting processes. The smelting furnace system of this invention can be used for smelting metals such as steel, copper, and aluminum. When used for metal smelting, while heating electrodes 4 are used for heating, oxygen lance 21 can be used to blow oxygen to accelerate combustion and increase the temperature. The smelting furnace system of this invention can also be used for the reduction extraction of metals from metallurgical slags such as steel slag, copper slag, and iron-containing dust. When used in metallurgical slag dust smelting, a reducing agent can be sprayed into the furnace body 2 using a powder injection gun 22 to stir the reaction pool and promote metal extraction.

[0029] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional smelting furnace, characterized in that, The furnace includes a smelting furnace and a furnace cover (1) set outside the area where the smelting furnace is located to form a closed smelting environment. A feeding mechanism for adding furnace charge into the smelting furnace and a flue gas emission mechanism for treating smelting flue gas are set on the furnace cover (1). The smelting furnace includes a furnace body (2) and a molten pool cover (3). A heating electrode (4) for heating the furnace charge to maintain the smelting temperature is installed on the molten pool cover (3). The molten pool cover (3) and the heating electrode (4) are raised and lowered together above the furnace body (2). A liquid metal outlet (5) is set at the bottom of the furnace body (2) and a slag outlet (6) is set at the top. A tilting mechanism (7) is set on the outside of the furnace body (2) to drive the furnace body (2) to lift towards the slag outlet (6) for molten slag discharge.

2. The multifunctional smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace body (2) forms a molten pool for smelting furnace charge inside. The upper region of the molten pool is larger than the lower region. A bottom molten pool (8) for accumulating liquid metal is formed in the lower part, and an upper molten pool (9) for receiving furnace charge and accumulating slag is formed in the upper part. An oxygen lance (21) and a powder injection lance (22) are respectively set on the left and right sides of the upper molten pool (9).

3. The multifunctional smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding mechanism includes a storage bin (10) and a furnace door (11) located on one side of the furnace cover (1). A feeding port is provided below the storage bin (10). The storage bin (10) or a crane or loader is used to feed the furnace through the furnace door (11). A furnace car (12) is provided at the bottom of the furnace to move the furnace between the smelting area and the feeding area. A tilting mechanism (7) is provided on the furnace car (12). A track (13) is provided at the bottom of the furnace car (12) for movement guidance.

4. A multifunctional smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag outlet (6) is a chute structure, and a slag discharge trough (23) is provided below the slag discharge end of the slag outlet (6). The slag discharge trough (23) adopts a funnel-shaped structure.

5. A multifunctional smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tilting mechanism (7) is a hydraulic push rod located below the end of the furnace body (2) opposite to the slag outlet (6).

6. A multifunctional smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flue gas emission mechanism includes a flue (14) connected to the furnace hood (1), and a heat exchanger (15), a dry dust collector (16), an induced draft fan (17), and a chimney (18) connected in sequence behind the flue (14).

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