Full-automatic stress path triaxial apparatus

Abstract

A full-automatic stress path triaxial apparatus includes a main frame, a loading device and a confining pressure control device; the main frame includes an upper main beam, a surrounding rod and a lower base, the surrounding rod is connected to the upper main beam and is fixed on the lower base by screwing, a plurality of threaded holes are arranged on the lower base for fixing the surrounding rod into different shapes, a plurality of drainage channels are arranged on the lower base, a filter element is arranged on the upper side of the drainage channel to prevent soil loss, the lower side of the drainage channel is connected to the lower base for drainage, the loading device uses an electromagnetic load one and an electromagnetic load two, the electromagnetic load one is arranged below the upper main beam, a pad is arranged above the soil, the electromagnetic load two is arranged above the pad, and the electromagnetic load one and the electromagnetic load two are oppositely arranged; the confining pressure control device includes a rubber air bag and a fixing rod, the fixing mode of the fixing rod is consistent with the fixing mode of the surrounding rod, and the rubber air bag is placed inside the fixing rod, thereby improving the test precision, simulation capability and operation convenience.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus, which is mainly used in teaching experimental equipment and belongs to the field of teaching experimental technology. Background Technology

[0002] Stress path testing is a crucial method in soil mechanics for studying the mechanical properties of soil. By applying stresses along different paths to soil samples, it simulates complex stress states in actual engineering projects, providing key parameters for the design of foundations, slopes, and other geotechnical structures. However, traditional triaxial apparatuses often employ mechanical loading methods, which suffer from insufficient loading accuracy and inflexible control, making it difficult to meet the requirements for studying soil mechanical behavior under complex stress paths. Furthermore, the switching between drained and undrained conditions is complex, failing to accurately simulate the various drainage states in actual engineering projects, thus limiting the applicability of the test results.

[0003] The application of confining pressure is typically achieved through a fixed, rigid confining pressure chamber, which lacks flexibility, makes it difficult to adapt to test samples of different shapes, and cannot meet the needs of multi-shape and multi-scale tests. Therefore, developing a fully automated stress path triaxial apparatus that can precisely control loading conditions, flexibly adjust drainage status, and adapt to various confining pressure application methods is of great significance for soil mechanics research and practical engineering design. This is also the technical background and initial motivation for the development of this utility model. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model patent is to overcome the shortcomings of existing triaxial testing machines and provide a fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus. This triaxial apparatus can precisely control loading conditions, flexibly adjust drainage status, and adapt to various confining pressure application methods, which is of great significance for soil mechanics research and practical engineering design.

[0005] The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus includes a main frame, a loading device, and a confining pressure control device. The main frame includes an upper main beam, a retaining rod, and a lower base. The retaining rod is connected to the upper main beam and fixed to the lower base by screwing. Multiple threaded holes are provided on the lower base for fixing the retaining rod into different shapes. Several drainage channels are provided on the lower base, with a filter element installed on one side of each channel to prevent soil loss, and the other side connected to the lower base for drainage. The loading device uses electromagnetic loader one and electromagnetic loader two. Electromagnetic loader one is installed below the upper main beam, a pad is installed above the soil, and electromagnetic loader two is installed above the pad. Electromagnetic loader one and electromagnetic loader two are positioned opposite each other. The confining pressure control device includes a rubber airbag and a fixing rod. The fixing rod is fixed in the same way as the retaining rod. The rubber airbag is placed inside the fixing rod. After the rubber airbag is inflated, it tightly wraps around the soil, achieving the purpose of applying confining pressure.

[0007] Preferably, a valve is provided on one side of the filter element to simulate drainage and non-drainage conditions.

[0008] Preferably, the electromagnetic loader one and electromagnetic loader two include a coil, a magnet and a housing. By controlling the magnitude of the current, the repulsive force of the two electromagnetic loading devices is controlled to achieve the loading purpose.

[0009] Preferably, the above-mentioned loading device can be increased in number to form multiple loading devices according to the test requirements, so that the loading is more stable and accurate.

[0010] Preferably, the confining pressure control device described above can be equipped with fixing rods according to the shape of the soil, making it suitable for soils of different shapes.

[0011] Compared with existing testing devices, the beneficial effects of this utility model patent are:

[0012] 1. This patent employs an electromagnetic loading device, which precisely adjusts the loading force by controlling the magnitude of the current. Compared to traditional mechanical loading methods, electromagnetic loading offers rapid response, high uniformity, and avoids energy loss and errors caused by mechanical friction.

[0013] 2. This patent employs a drainage channel, filter element, and valve installed at the base of the device. This invention allows for flexible switching between drainage and non-drainage conditions, accurately simulating the drainage state of soil under different engineering conditions. The filter element design effectively prevents soil loss, ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the test results.

[0014] 3. The confining pressure control device of this patent adopts a rubber airbag structure, which can be inflated and tightly wrapped around the soil to accurately apply confining pressure. It can be flexibly combined with fixed rods and confining rods to form a variety of confining pressure application forms. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is the book Figure 1 Top view;

[0017] In the diagram, 1-enclosure bar; 2-upper main beam; 3-electromagnetic loader one; 4-electromagnetic loader one 2; 5-pad plate; 6-fixing rod; 7-rubber airbag; 8-soil; 9-filter element; 10-drainage channel; 11-lower base. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present utility model patent will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description is only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model patent, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present utility model patent.

[0019] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus includes a main frame, a loading device, and a confining pressure control device. The main frame includes an upper main beam 2, a retaining rod 1, and a lower base 11. The retaining rod 1 is connected to the upper main beam 2 and fixed to the lower base 11 by screwing. Multiple threaded holes are provided on the lower base 11 for fixing the retaining rod 1 into different shapes. Several drainage channels 10 are provided on the lower base 11. A filter element 9 is installed on one side of the drainage channel 10 to prevent soil loss, and the lower side is connected to the lower base for drainage. The loading device employs electromagnetic loader 3 and electromagnetic loader 4. Electromagnetic loader 3 is installed below the upper main beam 2, and a pad 5 is installed above the soil 8. Electromagnetic loader 4 is installed above the pad 5. Electromagnetic loader 3 and electromagnetic loader 4 are arranged opposite to each other. The confining pressure control device includes a rubber airbag 7 and a fixing rod 6. The fixing method of the fixing rod 6 is the same as that of the confining rod 1. The rubber airbag 7 is placed inside the fixing rod 6. After the rubber airbag 7 is inflated, it tightly wraps around the soil 8 to achieve the purpose of applying confining pressure.

[0020] Preferably, a valve is provided on one side of the filter element 9 to simulate drainage and non-drainage conditions.

[0021] Preferably, the electromagnetic loader 3 and electromagnetic loader 4 include a coil, a magnet and a housing. By controlling the magnitude of the current, the repulsive force of the two electromagnetic loading devices is controlled to achieve the loading purpose.

[0022] Preferably, the above-mentioned loading device can be increased in number to form multiple loading devices according to the test requirements, so that the loading is more stable and accurate.

[0023] Preferably, the confining pressure control device described above can be equipped with fixing rods according to the shape of the soil, making it suitable for soils of different shapes.

[0024] Example 1: Superposition of building loads and dynamic effects of seismic loads. This device achieves precise stress path control through an electromagnetic loading mechanism, while utilizing rubber airbags to provide adjustable confining pressure. Researchers can test the mechanical behavior of soil samples under both drained and undrained conditions, such as shear strength, deformation characteristics, and stress-strain relationships, providing precise mechanical parameters for foundation design and ensuring the safety and stability of buildings.

[0025] Example 2: In slope engineering, rainfall can alter soil drainage conditions, thus affecting slope stability. This device, through its base drainage channel filter and valve design, can flexibly simulate both drained and non-drained conditions to study the stress and displacement characteristics of the soil during rainfall. Simultaneously, the electromagnetic loading device can simulate the effect of horizontal shear force, testing the critical instability conditions of the slope soil. These experimental data can be used to optimize slope design, improve anti-sliding performance, and reduce the risk of rainfall-induced landslides.

[0026] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model patent. For those with ordinary technical skills in this field, these are not necessarily preferred embodiments.

[0027] For those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical principle of this utility model patent, several improvements and modifications can be made, but these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model patent.

Claims

1. A fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus, characterized in that... The system includes a main frame, a loading device, and a confining pressure control device. The main frame includes an upper main beam (2), a retaining rod (1), and a lower base (11). The retaining rod (1) is connected to the upper main beam (2) and fixed to the lower base (11) by screwing in. Multiple threaded holes are provided on the lower base (11) for fixing the retaining rod (1) into different shapes. Several drainage channels (10) are provided on the lower base (11). A filter element (9) is provided on one side of the drainage channel (10) to prevent soil loss, and the lower side is connected to the lower base for drainage. The loading device uses electromagnetic loading. The first loader (3) and the second electromagnetic loader (4) are installed below the upper main beam (2), and a pad (5) is installed above the soil. The second electromagnetic loader (4) is installed above the pad (5). The first electromagnetic loader (3) and the second electromagnetic loader (4) are arranged opposite to each other. The confining pressure control device includes a rubber airbag (7) and a fixing rod (6). The fixing method of the fixing rod (6) is the same as that of the confining rod (1). The rubber airbag (7) is placed inside the fixing rod (6). After the rubber airbag (7) is inflated, it tightly wraps the soil to achieve the purpose of applying confining pressure.

2. The fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, A valve is provided on one side of the filter element (9) to simulate drainage and non-drainage conditions.

3. The fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic loader one (3) and electromagnetic loader two (4) include coils, magnets and shells. By controlling the magnitude of the current, the repulsive force of the two electromagnetic loading devices is controlled to achieve the loading purpose.

4. The fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The loading device can be increased in number to form multiple loading devices according to the test requirements, making the loading more stable and accurate.

5. The fully automatic stress path triaxial apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The confining pressure control device can install fixing rods according to the shape of the soil, and is suitable for soils of different shapes.

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