Landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mountain landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation relates to geological disaster monitoring field, including microwave source, circulator, waveguide, lossy medium, waveguide load, power detection module and signal processing module, the output of microwave source is connected with circulator's Port1 port through radio frequency cable, and Port2 port of circulator is connected with the input of waveguide through coaxial waveguide adapter, and Port3 port of circulator is connected with power detection module through radio frequency cable, the inside chamber end of waveguide is filled with lossy medium, and the outer port of waveguide is fixedly connected with waveguide load, the input of waveguide load is in close contact with lossy medium, and the output of power detection module is connected with the input of signal processing module through AD acquisition circuit. The utility model overcomes the deficiency of prior art, can realize the sensitive capture and accurate evaluation to mountain tiny slip. Thus effectively prevent the occurrence of landslide disaster.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of physics, and in particular to geological disaster monitoring technology, specifically a landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation. Background Technology

[0002] Landslides are the sliding of rock and soil along a shear failure surface on a slope, and are a type of geological hazard. This geological phenomenon is extremely dangerous, not only causing severe damage to infrastructure such as roads, buildings, forests, and machinery, but more importantly, it can directly threaten the lives of people. Therefore, effective early warning systems for landslides are particularly important and urgent.

[0003] Currently, traditional landslide monitoring technologies mainly include crack alarms, 3D laser scanning, and synthetic aperture radar interferometry, among others. However, these methods have many shortcomings in practical applications. For example, while crack alarms can detect visible cracks on the ground surface, they cannot detect deformation within the mountain, and their response speed is slow, exhibiting significant latency. Furthermore, crack alarms are easily disturbed by animal activity, resulting in a false alarm rate exceeding 40%. While 3D laser scanning technology offers high accuracy, it is extremely expensive and heavily influenced by weather conditions, making continuous monitoring around the clock difficult. Although synthetic aperture radar interferometry can penetrate the ground surface and detect deformation information within the mountain, its data processing is complex and time-consuming, resulting in poor real-time performance and failing to meet the needs for rapid early warning. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation. This device overcomes the deficiencies of existing technologies, is rationally designed, and uses waveguide deformation to monitor landslides. It also uses a circulator to achieve directional transmission of microwave signals, thereby enabling sensitive capture and accurate assessment of minute landslides.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation includes a microwave source, a circulator, a waveguide, a lossy dielectric, a waveguide load, a power detection module, and a signal processing module.

[0007] The output of the microwave source is connected to Port1 of the circulator via an RF cable. Port2 of the circulator is connected to the input of the waveguide via a coaxial-to-waveguide adapter. Port3 of the circulator is connected to the power detection module via an RF cable. The end of the waveguide cavity is filled with a lossy dielectric, and a waveguide load is fixedly connected to the outer port of the waveguide. The input of the waveguide load is in contact with the lossy dielectric, and the output of the power detection module is connected to the input of the signal processing module via an AD acquisition circuit.

[0008] Preferably, the circulator is a Y-junction ferrite circulator, the insertion loss from Port1 to Port2 of the circulator is ≤0.5dB, the insertion loss from Port2 to Port3 of the circulator is ≤1.0dB, and the isolation from Port1 to Port3 of the circulator is ≥20dB.

[0009] Preferably, the lossy dielectric is a polyamide bulk material, and the length of the lossy dielectric accounts for 5%-15% of the length of the waveguide cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the contact surface between the waveguide load and the lossy medium is coated with thermally conductive silicone grease.

[0011] Preferably, the power detection module includes a detector and an operational amplifier. The input terminal of the detector is connected to the Port3 port of the circulator, the output terminal of the detector is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the signal processing module.

[0012] Preferably, the signal processing module includes a microprocessor and an ADC conversion unit, wherein the input terminal of the ADC conversion unit is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the ADC conversion unit is connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor.

[0013] This invention provides a landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation, which has the following advantages: by using a microwave source to generate microwave signals, by using waveguide deformation to monitor landslides, and by using a circulator to achieve directional transmission of microwave signals, ensuring the accuracy of signal processing, and through the efficient collaboration of the power detection module and the signal processing module, it achieves sensitive capture and accurate assessment of minor landslides, significantly improving the timeliness and reliability of landslide early warning, thereby enabling timely detection of minor landslide phenomena and effectively preventing the occurrence of landslide disasters. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of this utility model or the prior art will be briefly introduced below.

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0016] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0017] 1. Microwave source; 2. Circulator; 3. Waveguide; 4. Lossy dielectric; 5. Waveguide load; 6. Power detection module; 7. Signal processing module. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Example 1, as Figure 1 As shown, a landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation includes a microwave source 1, a circulator 2, a waveguide 3, a lossy dielectric 4, a waveguide load 5, a power detection module 6, and a signal processing module 7.

[0020] The output of microwave source 1 is connected to Port 1 of circulator 2 via an RF cable. Port 2 of circulator 2 is connected to the input of waveguide 3 via a coaxial-to-waveguide adapter. Port 3 of circulator 2 is connected to power detection module 6 via an RF cable. The inner cavity of waveguide 3 is filled with lossy dielectric 4. Waveguide load 5 is fixedly connected to the outer port of waveguide 3. The input of waveguide load 5 is in contact with lossy dielectric 4. The output of power detection module 6 is connected to the input of signal processing module 7 via an AD acquisition circuit.

[0021] Among them, microwave source 1 uses a millimeter-wave SRXC311E chip to output a 35GHz continuous wave signal.

[0022] The microwave source 1, circulator 2, waveguide 3, lossy dielectric 4, waveguide load 5, power detection module 6, signal processing module 7, coaxial-to-waveguide adapter, and AD acquisition circuit all adopt known solutions in the prior art. Waveguide 3 is specifically a hollow metal waveguide.

[0023] Working principle:

[0024] Waveguide 3 is embedded in the mountain to be monitored.

[0025] In operation, microwave source 1 is powered on, generating a 35GHz continuous wave signal via the millimeter-wave SRXC311E chip. This signal is then transmitted via an RF cable to Port 1 of circulator 2, and then through the internal loop of circulator 2 to Port 2. Finally, it is injected into the input of waveguide 3 via a coaxial-to-waveguide adapter. Initially, waveguide 3 is undeformed, so the microwave signal is directly transmitted to the end via waveguide 3. After some energy is absorbed by the lossy dielectric 4, the remaining energy is completely absorbed by the waveguide load 5. At this point, the return loss at the input of waveguide 3 is -25dB. The reflected signal is transmitted through Port 2 of circulator 2 to Port 3, and is finally received by the power detection module 6 and converted into an electrical signal, outputting a reference voltage V0 = 0.2V. This signal is then processed by the signal processing module 7 and recorded as a calibration reference.

[0026] When a minor landslide occurs, waveguide 3 experiences lateral compression and localized deformation. This deformation distorts the electromagnetic field distribution within waveguide 3, altering its original mode and causing impedance mismatch. Consequently, some microwave signals are reflected back to the input of waveguide 3 during transmission, increasing return loss to between -20 and -15 dB. The signal is then transmitted through Port 2 of circulator 2 to Port 3, where it is received by power detection module 6 and converted into an electrical signal, outputting voltage V1. Signal processing module 7 then compares the difference between the reference voltage V0 and the output voltage V1 to assess the degree of landslide. This accurate reflection of the landslide's condition effectively prevents landslides and ensures safety.

[0027] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the signal processing module 7 incorporates an adaptive threshold algorithm; the adaptive threshold algorithm employs a well-known scheme in the prior art. Therefore, when the difference between the output voltage V1 and the reference voltage V0 exceeds a preset threshold, an early warning signal is triggered, sending warning information to the monitoring center so that emergency measures can be taken promptly to minimize disaster losses.

[0028] Therefore, this invention uses the deformation of waveguide 3 to monitor landslides and a circulator 2 to achieve directional transmission of microwave signals, ensuring the accuracy of signal processing. Through the efficient collaboration of the power detection module 6 and the signal processing module 7, it achieves sensitive capture and accurate assessment of minute landslides, significantly improving the timeliness and reliability of landslide early warning, thus realizing real-time monitoring and early warning of landslide disasters. This early warning system has high sensitivity and accuracy, capable of timely detection of minute landslide phenomena, thereby effectively preventing landslide disasters. Furthermore, this early warning system has the advantages of simple structure, ease of installation and maintenance, and adaptability to various complex geological environments. In practical applications, this early warning system can be widely used in mountainous and hilly areas prone to landslides.

[0029] In Example 2, as a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, the circulator 2 is a Y-junction ferrite circulator. The insertion loss from Port 1 to Port 2 of the circulator 2 is ≤0.5dB, the insertion loss from Port 2 to Port 3 of the circulator 2 is ≤1.0dB, and the isolation from Port 1 to Port 3 of the circulator 2 is ≥20dB. Through the directional transmission characteristics of the circulator 2, the microwave signal is efficiently transmitted to the power detection module 6, reducing transmission loss and improving detection accuracy. Simultaneously, the Y-junction ferrite circulator has excellent isolation performance, effectively preventing signal crosstalk and further ensuring the stability and reliability of the early warning system.

[0030] In Example 3, as a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, the lossy dielectric 4 is a polyamide bulk material, and the length of the lossy dielectric 4 accounts for 5%-15% of the inner cavity length of the waveguide 3. Through the high-frequency loss characteristics of the polyamide bulk material, excess microwave energy is effectively absorbed, reflection interference is reduced, and signal stability is enhanced.

[0031] In Example 4, as a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, the input end of the waveguide load 5 can be configured as a tapered structure, and the contact surface between the waveguide load 5 and the lossy dielectric 4 is coated with thermally conductive silicone grease. By configuring the input end of the waveguide load 5 as a tapered structure, the microwave signal can be effectively guided to transition smoothly, thereby further reducing signal reflection loss and improving signal transmission efficiency. Simultaneously, the close contact between the tapered waveguide load 5 and the lossy dielectric 4, combined with the applied thermally conductive silicone grease, enhances heat conduction, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system under high load operation.

[0032] In Example 5, as a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, the power detection module 6 includes a detector and an operational amplifier. The input terminal of the detector is connected to Port 3 of the circulator 2, and the output terminal of the detector is connected to the input terminal of the operational amplifier. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the signal processing module 7. Therefore, when a microwave signal is transmitted to the detector through the circulator 2, the detector can convert the microwave signal into a linear voltage signal, which is then amplified by the operational amplifier and finally transmitted to the signal processing module 7.

[0033] In Example 6, as a further preferred embodiment of Example 1, the signal processing module 7 includes a microprocessor and an ADC conversion unit. The input terminal of the ADC conversion unit is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the ADC conversion unit is connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor. The ADC conversion unit performs analog-to-digital conversion on the linear voltage signal at a fixed sampling rate and transmits the converted digital signal to the microprocessor. The microprocessor performs real-time data processing and analysis to ensure high-precision signal restoration and rapid response, further improving the system's early warning capability and decision support efficiency.

[0034] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation, characterized in that: It includes a microwave source (1), a circulator (2), a waveguide (3), a lossy dielectric (4), a waveguide load (5), a power detection module (6), and a signal processing module (7). The output of the microwave source (1) is connected to Port1 of the circulator (2) via an RF cable. The Port2 of the circulator (2) is connected to the input of the waveguide (3) via a coaxial-to-waveguide adapter. The Port3 of the circulator (2) is connected to the power detection module (6) via an RF cable. The inner cavity of the waveguide (3) is filled with a lossy dielectric (4). The outer port of the waveguide (3) is fixedly connected to a waveguide load (5). The input of the waveguide load (5) is in contact with the lossy dielectric (4). The output of the power detection module (6) is connected to the input of the signal processing module (7) via an AD acquisition circuit.

2. The landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circulator (2) is a Y-junction ferrite circulator. The insertion loss from Port1 to Port2 of the circulator (2) is ≤0.5dB, the insertion loss from Port2 to Port3 of the circulator (2) is ≤1.0dB, and the isolation from Port1 to Port3 of the circulator (2) is ≥20dB.

3. The landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lossy medium (4) is a polyamide block, and the length of the lossy medium (4) accounts for 5%-15% of the inner cavity length of the waveguide (3).

4. The landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact surface between the waveguide load (5) and the lossy medium (4) is coated with thermally conductive silicone grease.

5. A landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power detection module (6) includes a detector and an operational amplifier. The input of the detector is connected to the Port3 port of the circulator (2), the output of the detector is connected to the input of the operational amplifier, and the output of the operational amplifier is connected to the signal processing module (7).

6. A landslide early warning device based on waveguide deformation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The signal processing module (7) includes a microprocessor and an ADC conversion unit. The input terminal of the ADC conversion unit is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier, and the output terminal of the ADC conversion unit is connected to the input terminal of the microprocessor.

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