Battery pack

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery pack, battery pack includes box, first compression pad and second compression pad. The box has the accommodation cavity in, and the accommodation cavity is used for accommodating the battery module, and the lateral wall of box is provided with the exhaust hole. The first compression pad sets up on the box, and is located the top of battery module, and the surface of first compression pad is provided with the convex channel, and the convex channel is communicated with the exhaust hole. The second compression pad is connected to the side of first compression pad towards the box, and the second compression pad is provided with the exhaust groove opposite the convex channel, and the exhaust groove can communicate the accommodation cavity and the convex channel. The exhaust groove and the convex channel form the directional exhaust passage, namely form the directional exhaust passage in the first compression pad and the second compression pad, and the exhaust passage is in time to a large number of thermal runaway gas and is arranged to the outside, avoids the internal pressure sharp increase, improves the security of battery pack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of battery devices, and in particular to a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] The battery pack is a core component of new energy vehicles, and its safety performance directly affects the overall vehicle safety. During battery pack operation, thermal runaway can cause high-temperature gases to spread rapidly between battery modules, triggering a chain reaction that leads to wider thermal runaway, and may even cause a fire or explosion. Therefore, effectively controlling and managing the high-temperature gases generated during battery pack thermal runaway is crucial for ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack.

[0003] Existing battery packs only have venting channels on the liquid cooling plate or end plate, but lack directional venting design within the battery modules. When a battery module experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of thermal runaway gas cannot be discharged in time, causing a sharp increase in internal pressure and resulting in the pressure plate buckling. High-temperature gas spreads from the gap between the battery module and the pressure plate to adjacent battery modules, triggering a chain reaction that leads to the failure of the entire battery pack. Utility Model Content

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a battery pack that addresses the technical problem in related technologies where the lack of directional venting design within the battery modules leads to the inability to expel large amounts of thermal runaway gas in a timely manner, resulting in the failure of the entire battery pack.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned utility model objectives, this utility model proposes a battery pack.

[0006] A battery pack, comprising:

[0007] The housing has a cavity for housing the battery module, and the side wall of the housing has an exhaust vent.

[0008] A first pressure plate is disposed on the housing and located above the battery module. The surface of the first pressure plate is provided with a raised channel, which communicates with the exhaust port.

[0009] The second pressure plate is connected to the side of the first pressure plate facing the housing. The second pressure plate is provided with an exhaust groove that is opposite to the protruding channel, and the exhaust groove can connect the accommodating cavity and the protruding channel.

[0010] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a liquid cooling plate located within the accommodating cavity and connected to the second pressure plate;

[0011] The second pressure plate is made of a temperature-sensitive material and deforms when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature. The second pressure plate can deform in the direction of the protruding channel so that the gas in the accommodating cavity can enter the protruding channel through the exhaust groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes fasteners, the first pressure plate has a first mounting hole, the second pressure plate has a second mounting hole, the liquid cooling plate has a third mounting hole, and the fasteners pass through the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole, and the third mounting hole.

[0013] In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a flow guide disposed within the raised channel.

[0014] In one embodiment, the guide element is a spiral guide bar, which is rotatably disposed within the raised channel.

[0015] In one embodiment, multiple raised channels are provided, including a first channel, a second channel, and a third channel;

[0016] Along the width direction of the first pressure plate, the second channel is disposed between the first channel and the third channel, and the width of the second channel is greater than the width of the first channel and the width of the third channel, respectively.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first channel includes a first main channel and a plurality of first branch channels, all of which are connected to the first main channel, and the first branch channels are located on the side of the first main channel away from the second channel;

[0018] The second channel includes a second main channel, multiple second tributary channels, and multiple third tributary channels. The multiple second tributary channels and multiple third tributary channels are all connected to the second main channel. The second tributary channels and the third tributary channels are respectively located on both sides of the second main channel.

[0019] The third channel includes a third main channel and multiple fourth branch channels, all of which are connected to the third main channel. The fourth branch channels are located on the side of the third main channel away from the second channel.

[0020] In one embodiment, the first channel further includes a first collection area connected to the first branch channel; the second channel further includes a second collection area and a third collection area connected to the second branch channel and the third collection area connected to the third branch channel; the third channel further includes a fourth collection area connected to the fourth branch channel, and the first collection area, the second collection area, the third collection area and the fourth collection area are all connected to the exhaust trough.

[0021] In one embodiment, the area of ​​the second collection region is larger than the area of ​​the first collection region and the area of ​​the fourth collection region, respectively; and / or

[0022] The area of ​​the third collection area is larger than the area of ​​the first collection area and the area of ​​the fourth collection area.

[0023] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the raised channel is coated with an endothermic phase change coating.

[0024] Beneficial effects:

[0025] This utility model discloses a battery pack comprising a housing, a first pressure plate, and a second pressure plate. The housing has a receiving cavity for housing a battery module, and the side wall of the housing has an exhaust port. The first pressure plate is mounted on the housing and positioned above the battery module. A raised channel is formed on the surface of the first pressure plate, communicating with the exhaust port. A second pressure plate is connected to the side of the first pressure plate opposite to the battery module. The second pressure plate has an exhaust groove opposite to the raised channel, which connects the receiving cavity and the raised channel. When thermal runaway occurs within the battery module, a large amount of thermal runaway gas is generated in the receiving cavity. This gas can enter the raised channel through the exhaust groove and then through the exhaust port, ultimately being discharged to the outside. The exhaust groove and the raised channel form a directional exhaust channel, i.e., a directional exhaust channel is formed within the first and second pressure plates. This exhaust channel promptly discharges a large amount of thermal runaway gas to the outside, preventing a rapid increase in internal pressure and improving the safety of the battery pack. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pressure plate, the second pressure plate, and the flow guide of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first pressure plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] in:

[0030] 100. Housing; 110. Battery module; 120. Explosion-proof valve;

[0031] 200. First pressure plate; 210. Raised channel; 211. First channel; 2111. First main channel; 2112. First tributary channel; 212. Second channel; 2121. Second main channel; 2122. Second tributary channel; 2123. Third tributary channel; 213. Third channel; 2131. Third main channel; 2132. Fourth tributary channel; 214. First collection area; 215. Second collection area; 216. Third collection area; 217. Fourth collection area; 220. First mounting hole;

[0032] 300, Second pressure plate; 310, Exhaust groove; 320, Second mounting hole;

[0033] 400. Liquid cooling plate; 410. Third mounting hole;

[0034] 500. Flow guide.

[0035] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this utility model will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0036] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0037] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically defined.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0039] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, a battery pack includes a housing 100, a first pressure plate 200, and a second pressure plate 300. The housing 100 has a receiving cavity for housing a battery module 110, and a vent is provided on the side wall of the housing 100. The first pressure plate 200 is disposed on the housing 100 and located above the battery module 110. A raised channel 210 is provided on the surface of the first pressure plate 200, communicating with the vent. The second pressure plate 300 is connected to the side of the first pressure plate 200 facing the housing 100. The second pressure plate 300 has a vent groove 310 disposed opposite to the raised channel 210, and the vent groove 310 communicates with the receiving cavity and the raised channel 210. When thermal runaway occurs in the battery module 110, a large amount of thermal runaway gas is generated in the receiving cavity. The thermal runaway gas can enter the raised channel 210 through the vent groove 310, and then enter the vent from the raised channel 210, and is discharged to the outside through the vent. The exhaust groove 310 and the raised channel 210 form a directional exhaust channel, that is, a directional exhaust channel is formed in the first pressure plate 200 and the second pressure plate 300. The exhaust channel promptly discharges a large amount of thermal runaway gas to the outside, avoids a sharp increase in internal pressure, and improves the safety of the battery pack.

[0041] In some embodiments, the housing 100 provides a closed and stable housing space for the battery module 110. The housing 100 can have good mechanical strength and heat dissipation performance. The shape of the housing 100 can be cuboid. The size of the accommodating cavity inside the housing 100 is customized according to the size of the battery module 110 to ensure that the battery module 110 can be tightly placed inside.

[0042] Specifically, multiple circular vent holes are evenly distributed on one side wall of the enclosure 100, providing outlets for the gas discharge from the raised channel 210. Multiple explosion-proof valves 120 can be installed at the multiple vent holes.

[0043] Specifically, the battery module 110 can be fixed inside the housing 100 by applying adhesive.

[0044] In some embodiments, the first pressure plate 200 may be made of a material with high temperature resistance and good insulation properties. The shape of the first pressure plate 200 matches the top of the housing 100 and can completely cover the top of the battery module 110. Multiple raised channels 210 are integrally formed on the surface of the first pressure plate 200 by injection molding. The raised channels 210 are arranged along the length direction of the first pressure plate 200. Specifically, the first pressure plate 200 may be an upper pressure plate.

[0045] Specifically, the shape of the second pressure plate 300 can be the same as that of the first pressure plate 200. The second pressure plate 300 can be welded to the first pressure plate 200, and the double-layer pressure plate structure can enhance the structural strength of the battery pack. The venting grooves 310 on the second pressure plate 300 correspond one-to-one with the protruding channels 210.

[0046] Specifically, the second pressure plate 300 can be a lower pressure plate.

[0047] Specifically, the first pressure plate 200 and the second pressure plate 300 can be integrally formed. The first pressure plate 200 and the second pressure plate 300 are welded together to form a double-layer pressure plate, which functions as a whole within the battery pack.

[0048] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes a liquid cooling plate 400 located within the accommodating cavity and connected to the housing 100 via friction stir welding. The liquid cooling plate 400 is used to cool the battery module 110 and is connected to a second pressure plate 300. When the second pressure plate 300 is at room temperature, the liquid cooling plate 400 can block the exhaust channel 310. The second pressure plate 300 is made of a temperature-sensitive material and deforms when the temperature exceeds a preset temperature. The second pressure plate 300 can deform towards the protruding channel 210, allowing gas in the accommodating cavity to enter the protruding channel 210 through the exhaust channel 310. When the temperature inside the battery pack rises due to abnormal operation of the battery module 110, the second pressure plate 300 senses the temperature change. Due to the material properties, it deforms towards the protruding channel 210. The exhaust groove 310 is no longer blocked by the liquid cooling plate 400. The gas accumulated in the accommodating cavity can enter the protruding channel 210 through the exhaust groove 310 and then be discharged from the battery pack, avoiding safety hazards caused by the accumulation of gas and heat.

[0049] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes fasteners. A first pressure plate 200 has a first mounting hole 220, a second pressure plate 300 has a second mounting hole 320, and a liquid cooling plate 400 has a third mounting hole 410. The fasteners pass through the first mounting hole 220, the second mounting hole 320, and the third mounting hole 410. Specifically, the first mounting hole 220, the second mounting hole 320, and the third mounting hole 410 can be threaded holes. The fasteners can be screws.

[0050] Specifically, the first mounting hole 220 can be located close to the raised channel 210. The raised channel 210 can act as a reinforcing rib, and the location of the first mounting hole 220 close to the raised channel 210 can enhance the connection stability between the first pressure plate 200, the second pressure plate 300 and the liquid cooling plate 400.

[0051] Specifically, the second mounting hole 320 can be located near the vent slot 310.

[0052] In some embodiments, the battery pack includes a flow guide 500 disposed within the raised channel 210. The flow guide 500 guides the gas within the raised channel 210 so that the gas can be directed to the exhaust port and discharged to the outside.

[0053] Specifically, the guide element 500 is a spiral guide strip, which is rotatably mounted within the raised channel 210. This structure guides the gas to form a spiral flow within the raised channel 210, optimizing the gas flow path. The spiral flow helps the gas pass through the channel more orderly, reducing turbulence and increasing the gas velocity. Simultaneously, the spiral guide strip can automatically rotate according to the gas pressure and velocity, further optimizing the gas guiding effect, enabling the gas to be discharged from the exhaust port of the battery pack more efficiently, reducing the internal pressure of the pack and ensuring the stable operation of the battery pack.

[0054] Specifically, the spiral guide strip can be made of high-temperature resistant and lightweight materials. The outer diameter of the spiral guide strip is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the raised channel 210 to ensure that it can rotate freely within the channel while effectively guiding the gas flow.

[0055] Specifically, the two ends of the spiral guide bar can be connected to the inner wall of the raised channel 210 through miniature bearings. The miniature bearings are lubricated with high-temperature grease to ensure smooth rotation even in high-temperature environments.

[0056] In some embodiments, the inner wall of the raised channel 210 is coated with a heat-absorbing phase change coating. When the temperature is above the critical temperature, the heat-absorbing phase change coating undergoes a phase change and absorbs heat.

[0057] In some embodiments, multiple raised channels 210 are provided, including a first channel 211, a second channel 212, and a third channel 213. Along the width direction of the first pressure plate 200, the second channel 212 is disposed between the first channel 211 and the third channel 213, and the width of the second channel 212 is greater than the width of the first channel 211 and the width of the third channel 213, respectively. Since the thermal runaway gas is relatively concentrated in the middle region of the first pressure plate 200, the wider second channel 212 can provide a smoother exhaust path for the concentrated thermal runaway gas, improving the overall exhaust efficiency.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first channel 211 includes a first main channel 2111 and a plurality of first branch channels 2112, all of which are connected to the first main channel 2111. The first branch channels 2112 are located on the side of the first main channel 2111 away from the second channel 212. The second channel 212 includes a second main channel 2121, a plurality of second branch channels 2122, and a plurality of third branch channels 2123, all of which are connected to the second main channel 2121. The second branch channels 2122 and third branch channels 2123 are respectively located on opposite sides of the second main channel 2121. The third channel 213 includes a third main channel 2131 and a plurality of fourth branch channels 2132, all of which are connected to the third main channel 2131. The fourth branch channels 2132 are located on the side of the third main channel 2131 away from the second channel 212.

[0059] Specifically, the width of the second mainstream channel 2121 is greater than the width of the first mainstream channel 2111 and the width of the second mainstream channel 2121, respectively.

[0060] It should be noted that when thermal runaway occurs within the battery pack, generating gas, the gas diffuses within the containment cavity. Gas from the edge region of the battery pack is partially collected through the first branch channel 2112 into the first main channel 2111, and partially collected through the fourth branch channel 2132 into the third main channel 2131. The relatively concentrated thermal runaway gas in the central region is collected by the second branch channel 2122 and the third branch channel 2123, and then flows into the second main channel 2121. Because the second main channel 2121 is wider, it can quickly accommodate and guide a large amount of gas out. The first main channel 2111 and the third main channel 2131 assist in venting gas from both sides. These three channels work together to ensure that the thermal runaway gas can pass through the raised channel 210 more orderly and efficiently, and then be discharged from the battery pack through the vent, thereby reducing the internal pressure and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the battery pack.

[0061] Specifically, multiple spiral guide strips can be configured, with each spiral guide strip corresponding to one of the first mainstream channel 2111, the second mainstream channel 2121, and the third mainstream channel 2131. When thermal runaway occurs within the battery pack, generating gas, the runaway gas converges into the mainstream channel through the branch channels. Within the first mainstream channel 2111, the second mainstream channel 2121, and the third mainstream channel 2131, the spiral guide strips guide the gas to form a spiral flow. Due to the special shape of the spiral guide strips, the gas rotates around the channel axis during flow. This flow pattern reduces disordered collisions and turbulence within the channels, allowing the gas to pass through the first mainstream channel 2111, the second mainstream channel 2121, and the third mainstream channel 2131 more orderly and quickly, and exit the battery pack through the exhaust port.

[0062] In some embodiments, the first channel 211 further includes a first collection area 214, which is connected to the first branch channel 2112. The second channel 212 further includes a second collection area 215 and a third collection area 216, whereby the second collection area 215 is connected to the second branch channel 2122 and the third collection area 216 is connected to the third branch channel 2123. The third channel 213 further includes a fourth collection area 217, which is connected to the fourth branch channel 2132, and the first collection area 214, the second collection area 215, the third collection area 216, and the fourth collection area 217 are all connected to the exhaust trough 310.

[0063] Multiple exhaust channels 310 can be provided along the width direction of the second pressure plate 300. The multiple exhaust channels 310 are respectively provided in correspondence with the first collection area 214, the second collection area 215, the third collection area 216 and the fourth collection area 217.

[0064] It should be noted that when thermal runaway occurs within the battery pack, the runaway gas first enters the exhaust channel 310. The first collection area 214, second collection area 215, third collection area 216, and fourth collection area 217 are all connected to the exhaust channel 310, allowing the gas in the exhaust channel 310 to flow naturally into these areas. The gas in the first collection area 214 flows into the first main channel 2111 through the first branch channel 2112. The gas in the second collection area 215 flows into the second main channel 2121 through the second branch channel 2122. The gas in the third collection area 216 flows into the second main channel 2121 through the third branch channel 2123. The gas in the fourth collection area 217 flows into the third main channel 2131 through the fourth branch channel 2132.

[0065] Specifically, the area of ​​the second collection region 215 is larger than the areas of the first collection region 214 and the fourth collection region 217, respectively. The area of ​​the third collection region 216 is also larger than the areas of the first collection region 214 and the fourth collection region 217, respectively. The second collection region 215 and the third collection region 216 are located on both sides of the second mainstream channel 2121, respectively. Since the thermal runaway gas is relatively concentrated in the location of the second mainstream channel 2121, the larger areas of the second collection region 215 and the third collection region 216 can more effectively collect the concentrated thermal runaway gas in this area, optimizing the gas collection and emission path.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: The housing has a cavity for housing the battery module, and the side wall of the housing has an exhaust vent. A first pressure plate is disposed on the housing and located above the battery module. The surface of the first pressure plate is provided with a raised channel, which communicates with the exhaust port. The second pressure plate is connected to the side of the first pressure plate facing the housing. The second pressure plate is provided with an exhaust groove that is opposite to the protruding channel, and the exhaust groove can connect the accommodating cavity and the protruding channel.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a liquid cooling plate located within the accommodating cavity and connected to the second pressure plate; The second pressure plate is made of a temperature-sensitive material and deforms when the temperature is higher than a preset temperature. The second pressure plate can deform in the direction of the protruding channel so that the gas in the accommodating cavity can enter the protruding channel through the exhaust groove.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, characterized in that, The battery pack includes fasteners, the first pressure plate has a first mounting hole, the second pressure plate has a second mounting hole, the liquid cooling plate has a third mounting hole, and the fasteners pass through the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole, and the third mounting hole.

4. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack includes a flow guide, which is disposed within the raised channel.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow guide is a spiral flow guide bar, which is rotatably disposed within the raised channel.

6. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The raised channel is provided in multiple ways, and the multiple raised channels include a first channel, a second channel and a third channel; Along the width direction of the first pressure plate, the second channel is disposed between the first channel and the third channel, and the width of the second channel is greater than the width of the first channel and the width of the third channel, respectively.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first channel includes a first main channel and multiple first tributary channels, all of which are connected to the first main channel. The first tributary channels are located on the side of the first main channel away from the second channel. The second channel includes a second main channel, multiple second tributary channels, and multiple third tributary channels. The multiple second tributary channels and multiple third tributary channels are all connected to the second main channel. The second tributary channels and the third tributary channels are respectively located on both sides of the second main channel. The third channel includes a third main channel and multiple fourth branch channels, all of which are connected to the third main channel. The fourth branch channels are located on the side of the third main channel away from the second channel.

8. The battery pack according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first channel further includes a first collection area, which is connected to the first branch channel; the second channel further includes a second collection area and a third collection area, which are connected to the second branch channel and the third collection area is connected to the third branch channel; the third channel further includes a fourth collection area, which is connected to the fourth branch channel, and the first collection area, the second collection area, the third collection area and the fourth collection area are all connected to the exhaust trough.

9. The battery pack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The area of ​​the second collection area is larger than the area of ​​the first collection area and the area of ​​the fourth collection area, respectively; and / or The area of ​​the third collection area is larger than the area of ​​the first collection area and the area of ​​the fourth collection area.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the raised channel is coated with an endothermic phase change coating.

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