Photovoltaic module
By using a three-terminal stacked battery structure and interconnecting strip design, a direct connection mode between photovoltaic modules and inverters is achieved, solving the problem of complex wiring in existing technologies, reducing costs and improving power generation efficiency.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINT NEW ENERGY TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing tandem solar photovoltaic modules have complex wiring when connected to inverters, which increases the structural complexity and maintenance difficulty of the photovoltaic modules and raises the cost.
The system adopts a three-terminal stacked battery structure, and connects the battery cells in series to form a direct connection mode through interconnection strips. This simplifies the connection between photovoltaic modules and inverters, reduces wiring complexity, and improves power generation efficiency by adjusting current matching through a compensation system.
It simplifies the connection between photovoltaic modules and inverters, reduces wiring complexity and cost, avoids voltage drop losses caused by multi-stage current collection, and improves the maintenance efficiency and power generation efficiency of photovoltaic modules.
Smart Images
Figure CN224306209U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, in the development of photovoltaic cells, the development space for conventional monocrystalline silicon cells is limited due to the theoretical limit of SQ (Solution-to-Quantity). At present, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of mainstream monocrystalline silicon cells on the market has reached 26.8%, close to its theoretical efficiency of 29.4%. Further improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon cells is becoming increasingly difficult.
[0003] Based on the principle of spectral matching, combining solar cells with different bandgap sizes to form tandem solar cells (also known as stacked cells) can maximize the broadening of the spectral response, reduce carrier loss, and thus greatly improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cells. The main working principle of tandem cells is that the top cell with a wide bandgap absorbs high-energy photons, while the bottom cell with a narrow bandgap improves photon utilization. The combination of the two can break through the theoretical efficiency limit of single-crystal silicon cells.
[0004] However, existing photovoltaic modules with tandem cells require complex wiring when connected to inverters, increasing the complexity of the photovoltaic module structure, making later maintenance difficult, and increasing costs.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a photovoltaic module to solve the above technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to propose a photovoltaic module that simplifies the connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter, reduces the complexity of wiring, improves the efficiency of subsequent photovoltaic module maintenance, and saves costs.
[0007] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0008] This utility model provides a photovoltaic module, including multiple interconnecting strips, and a high-potential end module, an intermediate module, and a low-potential end module connected in series through the interconnecting strips; and the high-potential end module, the intermediate module, and the low-potential end module all have three-terminal stacked cells;
[0009] The three-terminal stacked battery includes:
[0010] N battery cells, each of which includes a first battery layer, a tunneling layer and a second battery layer, wherein the tunneling layer is disposed between the first battery layer and the second battery layer and electrically connects the first battery layer and the second battery layer;
[0011] The first battery layer is provided with a top contact end, the tunneling layer is provided with a common contact end, and the second battery layer is provided with a bottom contact end;
[0012] In the high potential terminal assembly, the interconnecting strip connects multiple battery cells in series to form a first battery string; along the extending direction of the first battery string, the common contact end of the third battery cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the fourth battery cell; the common contact ends of the first to third battery cells are connected together to form a positive terminal, which is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the inverter.
[0013] In the low-potential terminal assembly, the interconnecting strip connects multiple battery cells in series to form a second battery string; along the extension direction of the second battery string, the top contact end of the third-to-last battery cell is connected to the common contact end of the first-to-last battery cell; the common contact ends of the first and second-to-last battery cells are connected together to form a negative terminal, which is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the inverter.
[0014] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, in the intermediate module, the interconnecting strip connects multiple solar cells in series to form a third solar cell string; along the extension direction of the third solar cell string, the top contact end of the Xth solar cell is connected to the common contact end of the (X+3)th solar cell through the interconnecting strip, and the common contact end of the Xth solar cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the (X+2)th solar cell through the interconnecting strip, wherein 1≤X≤N-3, N≥4, and X and N are both positive integers.
[0015] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, in the high potential end module, along the extension direction of the first cell string, the top contact end of the Xth cell is connected to the common contact end of the (X+3)th cell through the interconnecting strip, where 1≤X≤N-3, N≥4, and X and N are both positive integers;
[0016] The common contact end of the Mth battery cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the (M+2)th battery cell via the interconnecting strip, where M≥3 and M is a positive integer.
[0017] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, in the low-potential end module, along the extension direction of the second cell string, the common contact end of the Xth cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the X+2th cell through the interconnecting strip, wherein 1≤X≤N-3, N≥4, and X and N are both positive integers;
[0018] The top contact end of the Qth battery cell is connected to the common contact end of the (Q+3)th battery cell via the interconnecting strip. The second battery string includes P battery cells, where 1 ≤ Q ≤ P-3, and Q and P are both positive integers.
[0019] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the photovoltaic module further includes a first junction box unit, a second junction box unit, and a third junction box unit, wherein two second junction box units are provided;
[0020] The positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the inverter through the first junction box unit; one end of the intermediate component is connected in series with the high potential terminal component through one of the second junction box units, and the other end of the intermediate component is connected in series with the low potential terminal component through another second junction box unit; the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter through the third junction box unit.
[0021] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the two second junction box units are defined as second junction box unit A and second junction box unit B, respectively.
[0022] When the number N of the battery cells in the third battery string is greater than six, the third battery string has the first three battery cells and the last three battery cells;
[0023] In the first three battery cells: the common contact end and bottom contact end of the first and second battery cells are connected to the second junction box unit A, and the common contact end of the third battery cell is connected to the second junction box unit A;
[0024] In the last three battery cells: the common contact end and top contact end of the first and second to last battery cells are connected to the second junction box unit B, and the top contact end of the third to last battery cell is connected to the second junction box unit B.
[0025] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the first junction box unit and the third junction box unit each have one junction box; the second junction box unit A and the second junction box unit B each have five junction boxes.
[0026] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, both the first and second cell layers are perovskite cells, or the first cell layer is a perovskite cell and the second cell layer is a crystalline silicon cell.
[0027] As an optional technology for photovoltaic modules, the solar cells include half-cells.
[0028] As an optional technical solution for photovoltaic modules, the top contact terminal is located at the short side of the half cell, and the common contact terminal and the bottom contact terminal are located at the two opposite long sides of the half cell, respectively.
[0029] The beneficial effects of this utility model include at least the following:
[0030] This invention provides a photovoltaic module comprising multiple interconnecting strips, and a high-potential end module, an intermediate module, and a low-potential end module connected in series via the interconnecting strips; each of the high-potential end module, intermediate module, and low-potential end module has a three-terminal tandem cell. The three-terminal tandem cell comprises N cells, each cell comprising a first cell layer, a tunneling layer, and a second cell layer. The tunneling layer is disposed between the first and second cell layers and electrically connects the first and second cell layers. The first cell layer has a top contact terminal, the tunneling layer has a common contact terminal, and the second cell layer has a bottom contact terminal.
[0031] In the high-potential-side assembly, interconnecting strips connect multiple solar cells in series to form a first solar cell string; along the extension direction of the first solar cell string, the common contact end of the third solar cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the fourth solar cell; the common contact ends of the first solar cell, the second solar cell, and the third solar cell are connected together to form the positive terminal, which is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the inverter.
[0032] In the low-potential end assembly, interconnecting strips connect multiple cells in series to form a second cell string; along the extension direction of the second cell string, the top contact of the third-to-last cell is connected to the common contact of the first-to-last cell; the common contact of the first-to-last cell is connected to the common contact of the second-to-last cell to form a negative terminal, which is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the inverter.
[0033] In the above, the common contact terminals of the first three cells in the first battery string are integrated into a bus structure (i.e., the positive terminal) through interconnection strips, and the common contact terminals of the last two cells in the second battery string are integrated into a bus structure (i.e., the negative terminal). The positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the inverter, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter, thus realizing a point-to-point direct connection mode. This simplifies the complex topology of traditional technology, which requires multiple levels of combiner boxes, to a module-level direct connection interface, thereby simplifying the connection method between photovoltaic modules and inverters, reducing wiring complexity, saving cable consumables, and saving costs. At the same time, it avoids the voltage drop loss problem caused by multiple levels of combiner boxes in traditional architectures, and improves the maintenance efficiency of photovoltaic modules in the later stage. Attached Figure Description
[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.
[0035] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the intermediate component provided in this embodiment of the utility model;
[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first battery string in the high potential end component provided in this embodiment of the utility model;
[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third battery string in the intermediate component provided in this embodiment of the utility model;
[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second battery string in the low potential end component provided in this embodiment of the utility model;
[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high potential end component and the low potential end component provided in the embodiment of this utility model.
[0041] Figure Labels
[0042] 1. High-potential end modules; 2. Intermediate modules; 3. Low-potential end modules;
[0043] 100, Front panel; 200, Sealing strip; 300, First encapsulation film; 400, Battery cell; T, Top contact terminal; C, Common contact terminal; B, Bottom contact terminal; 500, Second encapsulation film; 510, First through hole; 600, Insulating layer; 610, Second through hole; 700, Interconnecting strip; 800, Third encapsulation film; 810, Third through hole; 900, Back panel; 910, Fourth through hole;
[0044] 1000, First junction box unit; 2000, Second junction box unit; 3000, Third junction box unit. Detailed Implementation
[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0046] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0047] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
[0048] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this utility model is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of this utility model, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.
[0049] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0050] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0051] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0052] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module that simplifies the connection between the photovoltaic module and the inverter, reduces the complexity of wiring, improves the efficiency of subsequent photovoltaic module maintenance, and saves costs.
[0053] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the photovoltaic module mainly includes multiple interconnecting strips 700, and a high potential end module 1, an intermediate module 2 and a low potential end module 3 connected in series through the interconnecting strips 700; and the high potential end module 1, the intermediate module 2 and the low potential end module 3 all have three-terminal stacked cells.
[0054] The three-terminal stacked battery includes N battery cells 400. Each battery cell 400 includes a first battery layer, a tunneling layer, and a second battery layer. The tunneling layer is disposed between the first battery layer and the second battery layer and electrically connects the first battery layer and the second battery layer. The first battery layer is provided with a top contact terminal T, the tunneling layer is provided with a common contact terminal C, and the second battery layer is provided with a bottom contact terminal B.
[0055] In the high potential terminal component 1, interconnecting strips 700 connect multiple battery cells 400 in series to form a first battery string; along the extension direction of the first battery string, the common contact terminal C of the third battery cell 400 is connected to the bottom contact terminal B of the fourth battery cell 400; the common contact terminals C of the first battery cell 400, the second battery cell 400, and the third battery cell 400 are connected together to form a positive terminal, which is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the inverter.
[0056] In the low-potential terminal assembly 3, interconnecting strips 700 connect multiple battery cells 400 in series to form a second battery string. Along the extension direction of the second battery string, the top contact terminal T of the third-to-last battery cell 400 is connected to the common contact terminal C of the last battery cell 400. The common contact terminal C of the last battery cell 400 is connected to the common contact terminal C of the second-to-last battery cell 400 to form the negative terminal, which is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the inverter. It should be noted that the extension directions of the first, second, and third battery strings are respectively... Figures 3-5 The X-axis direction in the diagram.
[0057] Based on the above design, the common contact terminals C of the first three cells 400 in the first cell string are integrated into a bus structure (i.e., the positive terminal) through the interconnecting strip 700. The common contact terminals C of the last two cells 400 in the second cell string are integrated into a bus structure (i.e., the negative terminal) through the interconnecting strip 700. The positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the inverter, and the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter, thereby realizing a point-to-point direct connection mode. This simplifies the complex topology of traditional technology, which requires multiple levels of combiner boxes, to a module-level direct connection interface. This simplifies the connection method between photovoltaic modules and inverters, reduces wiring complexity, saves cable materials, and saves costs. It also avoids the voltage drop loss problem caused by multiple levels of combiner boxes in traditional architectures and improves the maintenance efficiency of photovoltaic modules in the later stage.
[0058] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in the intermediate component 2, the interconnecting strip 700 connects multiple battery cells 400 in series to form a third battery string; along the extension direction of the third battery string, the top contact end T of the Xth battery cell 400 is connected to the common contact end C of the (X+3)th battery cell 400 through the interconnecting strip 700, and the common contact end C of the Xth battery cell 400 is connected to the bottom contact end B of the (X+2)th battery cell 400 through the interconnecting strip 700, 1≤X≤N-3, N≥4, and X and N are both positive integers.
[0059] By using interconnecting strips 700 to interleave the cells 400 within each cell string, the maximum operating voltage of the first cell layer (top cell) and the maximum operating voltage of the second cell layer (bottom cell) of each cell 400 in the photovoltaic module can be matched. For example, the ratio of the maximum operating voltage of the top cell to the maximum operating voltage of the bottom cell is 3:2, 4:3, 2:1, etc. This allows for automatic adjustment of the current in the main and auxiliary circuits when outdoor weather changes (e.g., during cloudy or rainy weather or other scenarios with insufficient sunlight), causing variations in the light spectrum. This ensures that the operating voltages of both the top and bottom cells are at or close to the set ideal voltage values, thus resolving the current mismatch between the first cell layer (top cell) and the second cell layer (bottom cell), improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module, and saving costs.
[0060] Specifically, its working principle is as follows:
[0061] When the current of the top and bottom cells of a three-terminal tandem solar cell is mismatched, a compensation system (also known as a control system) intervenes to make adjustments. This compensation system monitors the current output of the top and bottom cells in real time and performs spectral analysis and calculates the compensation spectrum as needed. This compensation system can be installed at a specific location on the photovoltaic module, such as the top or side, to facilitate communication and control with spectrally tunable light sources and other components.
[0062] The compensation system then analyzes the spectral differences between actual and standard illumination to calculate the compensation spectrum required for current matching between the top and bottom cells under actual illumination. Next, the system converts the required compensation spectrum into current and controls the current in the main and auxiliary circuits. Typically, the auxiliary circuit current is supplied to the main circuit, increasing the voltage in the main circuit and decreasing the voltage in the auxiliary circuit. This gradually brings the current output of the top and bottom cells closer to the set ideal voltage ratio, ultimately achieving a matching state. This allows the photovoltaic modules to operate at their optimal state, improving power generation efficiency and saving costs.
[0063] It should be noted that the compensation system in this embodiment is a conventional component in the photovoltaic field. Therefore, its working principle and specific structure will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
[0064] For example, in this embodiment, the interconnecting strip 700 is made of metal, and the interconnecting strip 700 is welded to the top contact end T, the common contact end C and the bottom contact end B, thereby realizing the series connection between multiple battery cells 400.
[0065] For ease of subsequent description, the first four battery cells 400 in the first, second, or third battery string are defined as F1, F2, F3, and F4, and the last three battery cells 400 are defined as L1, L2, and L3.
[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, in the high-potential end assembly 1, along the extension direction of the first battery string, the top contact terminal T of the Xth battery cell 400 is connected to the common contact terminal C of the (X+3)th battery cell 400 via an interconnecting strip 700, where 1 ≤ X ≤ N-3, N ≥ 4, and both X and N are positive integers. The common contact terminal C of the Mth battery cell 400 is connected to the bottom contact terminal B of the (M+2)th battery cell 400 via an interconnecting strip 700, where M ≥ 3, and M is a positive integer.
[0067] In other words, compared to the connection method of the battery cells 400 in the intermediate module 2, the common contact terminal C (F3C) of the third battery cell 400 in the high-potential end module 1 is connected to the bottom contact terminal B (F4B) of the fourth battery cell 400; the common contact terminals C (F1C) of the first battery cell 400, C (F2C) of the second battery cell 400, and C (F3C) of the third battery cell 400 are connected together to form the positive terminal, which is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the inverter. The bottom contact terminals B (F1B, F2B, F3B) of the first three battery cells 400 do not need to be connected, and the remaining battery cells 400 in the high-potential end module 1 are connected in the same way as the battery cells 400 in the intermediate module 2.
[0068] In the high-potential end component 1, the common contact terminals C (F1C, F2C, and F3C) of the first three solar cells 400 are directly connected in parallel, reducing connection points and thus lowering resistance and energy loss. Simultaneously, the bottom contact terminals B (F1B, F2B, and F3B) of the first three solar cells 400 do not need to be connected, simplifying wiring and reducing material costs. The common contact terminal C (F3C) of the third solar cell 400 is connected to the bottom contact terminal B (F4B) of the fourth solar cell 400, forming a Z-shaped bridging structure, shortening the carrier transport path and reducing power loss.
[0069] like Figure 5 As shown, in the low-potential end assembly 3, along the extension direction of the second battery string, the common contact terminal C of the Xth battery cell 400 is connected to the bottom contact terminal B of the (X+2)th battery cell 400 via an interconnecting strip 700, where 1 ≤ X ≤ N-3, N ≥ 4, and X and N are both positive integers. The top contact terminal T of the Qth battery cell 400 is connected to the common contact terminal C of the (Q+3)th battery cell 400 via an interconnecting strip 700. The second battery string includes P battery cells 400, where 1 ≤ Q ≤ P-3, and Q and P are both positive integers.
[0070] In other words, compared to the connection method of the battery cells 400 in the intermediate module 2, the top contact terminal T (L3T) of the third-to-last battery cell 400 in the low-potential end module 3 is connected to the common contact terminal C (L1C) of the last battery cell 400; the common contact terminal C (L1C) of the last battery cell 400 is connected to the common contact terminal C (L2C) of the second-to-last battery cell 400 to form the negative terminal, which is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the inverter. The top contact terminals T (L1T, L2T) of the last and second-to-last battery cells 400 do not need to be connected, and the remaining battery cells 400 in the low-potential end module 3 are connected in the same way as the battery cells 400 in the intermediate module 2.
[0071] In the low-potential terminal assembly 3, the top contact terminal T (L3T) of the third-to-last solar cell 400 is connected to the common contact terminal C (L1C) of the first-to-last solar cell 400, optimizing the current path, avoiding reverse current, and reducing hot spot effects. Connecting the common contact terminals C (L1C and L2C) of the first-to-last solar cell 400 and the second solar cell 400 to form the negative electrode improves connection reliability and reduces contact problems.
[0072] like Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic module in this embodiment further includes a first junction box unit 1000, a second junction box unit 2000, and a third junction box unit 3000, with two second junction box units 2000. The positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the inverter through the first junction box unit 1000; one end of the intermediate component 2 is connected in series with the high-potential component 1 through one of the second junction box units 2000, and the other end of the intermediate component 2 is connected in series with the low-potential component 3 through the other second junction box unit 2000; the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter through the third junction box unit 3000.
[0073] Specifically, the two second junction box units 2000 are defined as second junction box unit A and second junction box unit B, respectively. When the number N of battery cells 400 in the third battery string is greater than 6, the third battery string has three battery cells 400 at the beginning and three battery cells 400 at the end. Definition: The first three battery cells 400 of the battery string are F1, F2, and F3, and the last three battery cells 400 are L1, L2, and L3. Since the first three battery cells 400 and the last three battery cells 400 are located at both ends of the battery string, and the continuous connection of multiple battery cells 400 in the battery string is interrupted, in other words, the first three battery cells 400 and the last three battery cells 400 in each battery string do not participate in the connection of the intermediate battery cells 400. The specific connection scheme of these six battery cells 400 is as follows:
[0074] The common contact C (F1C) and bottom contact B (F1B) of the first solar cell 400 are connected to the second junction box unit A via interconnecting strip 700. The common contact C (F2C) and bottom contact B (F2B) of the second solar cell 400 are connected to the second junction box unit A via interconnecting strip 700. The common contact C (F3C) of the third solar cell 400 is connected to the second junction box unit A via interconnecting strip 700. The top contact T (L1T) and common contact C (L1C) of the penultimate solar cell 400 are connected to the second junction box unit B via interconnecting strip 700. The top contact T (L2T) and common contact C (L2T) of the penultimate solar cell 400 are connected to the second junction box unit B via interconnecting strip 700. The top contact T (L3T) of the penultimate solar cell 400 is connected to the second junction box unit B via interconnecting strip 700.
[0075] Therefore, the first three battery cells 400 and the last three battery cells 400 are not connected to the other battery cells 400 in the battery string, but are directly connected to the second junction box unit A and the second junction box unit B by means of the interconnecting strip 700.
[0076] Optionally, in this embodiment, the first junction box unit 1000 and the third junction box unit 3000 each have one junction box, thereby achieving the purpose of connecting to the positive and negative terminals of the inverter, respectively. The second junction box unit A and the second junction box unit B each have five junction boxes. It can be understood that the five junction boxes in the second junction box unit A are respectively connected to F1C, F1B, F2C, F2B, and F3C; and the five junction boxes in the second junction box unit B are respectively connected to L1T, L1C, L2T, L2T, and L3T.
[0077] Optionally, in this embodiment, both the first and second battery layers can be perovskite batteries, thereby forming a "perovskite-perovskite" structure. In this embodiment, the first battery layer can be a perovskite battery, and the second battery layer can be a crystalline silicon battery, thereby forming a "perovskite-crystalline silicon" structure.
[0078] For ease of description, this embodiment uses a perovskite battery as the first battery layer and a crystalline silicon battery as the second battery layer as an example.
[0079] Optionally, in this embodiment, a preset spacing is provided between two adjacent battery cells 400 in each battery string, and multiple preset spacings are all equal. Setting a preset spacing facilitates the setting of the interconnecting strip 700 between two adjacent battery cells 400, allowing the interconnecting strip 700 to easily connect two adjacent battery cells 400, while also preventing the two adjacent battery cells 400 from overlapping and causing microcracks or scratches.
[0080] For example, the preset spacing in this embodiment can be set between 2mm and 4mm. This not only provides some space for the setting of the interconnecting strip 700, but also allows more solar cells 400 to be arranged in the limited photovoltaic module area, thereby increasing the power of the photovoltaic module.
[0081] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the battery cell 400 in this embodiment includes a half-cell, which has several significant advantages over a full-cell cell (i.e., a conventionally sized complete cell):
[0082] First, photovoltaic modules with half-cell cells can reduce thermal resistance loss, thereby reducing power loss and making their output power about 5W-10W higher than photovoltaic modules with full-cell cells of the same type.
[0083] Secondly, the hot spot temperature of a half-cell is lower than that of a full-cell of the same type, which helps to reduce the hot spot effect of photovoltaic modules and improve the stability and reliability of photovoltaic modules.
[0084] Third, half-cell batteries have a size advantage, which can improve the utilization of materials and space in applications such as large-scale photovoltaic power plants.
[0085] Fourth, due to the reduction in internal current and resistance of half-cell batteries, encapsulation losses are also reduced accordingly, which helps to improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules, increase power generation, and save costs.
[0086] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the top contact terminal T is located at the short side of half of the battery, and the common contact terminal C and the bottom contact terminal B are located at the two opposite long sides of the half of the battery, respectively. This avoids the phenomenon of multiple interconnecting strips 700 crossing and overlapping during connection, improving the reliability and stability of the interconnecting strips 700 connection.
[0087] Furthermore, the top contact terminal T, common contact terminal C, and bottom contact terminal B of the solar cell 400 are all located on the back surface of half of the cell. This avoids the interconnecting strip 700 from blocking the light-receiving surface of the solar cell 400, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module and increasing power generation.
[0088] like Figure 1As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes a front panel 100 and a back panel 900, with a three-terminal stacked cell located between the front panel 100 and the back panel 900.
[0089] Optionally, in this embodiment, the front panel 100 can be set as ultra-clear tempered velvet glass, and the back panel 900 can be set as ordinary tempered glass, with the same size as the front panel 100.
[0090] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic module also includes a sealing strip 200. An annular groove is provided between the front panel 100 and the back panel 900, and the sealing strip 200 is wound around the annular groove. The sealing strip 200 is made of a material with low water vapor permeability, preferably butyl rubber. The sealing strip 200 is wound around the annular groove to form a closed loop, with a width of 10mm-15mm and a height of 0.8mm-1.2mm.
[0091] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the photovoltaic module also includes a first encapsulating film 300 and a second encapsulating film 500, and the battery string is disposed between the first encapsulating film 300 and the second encapsulating film 500. The second encapsulating film 500 has a plurality of first through holes 510 for the interconnecting strips 700 to pass through.
[0092] The first encapsulation film 300 uses POE film or TOP film with low water vapor permeability. The encapsulation film is located in the area enclosed by the sealing strip 200. Its length and width are consistent with the inner length and width of the sealing strip 200, and its thickness is 0.4mm-0.6mm.
[0093] The length and width of the second encapsulation film 500 are the same as those of the first encapsulation film 300. A first through hole 510 is designed at each corresponding battery cell 400 of the second encapsulation film 500 to facilitate electrical connection between the interconnecting strip 700 and the top contact end T, common contact end C or bottom contact end B on the battery cell 400. The thickness of the second encapsulation film 500 is 0.1mm-0.2mm.
[0094] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module in this embodiment also includes an insulating layer 600, which is disposed between the second encapsulating film 500 and the backsheet 900. The insulating layer 600 has a second through-hole 610 corresponding to the first through-hole 510, and the second through-hole 610 is configured to allow the interconnecting strip 700 to pass through. The insulating layer 600 is made of PET material with a thickness of 0.05mm-0.15mm. The length and width of the insulating layer 600 are consistent with the length and width of the second encapsulating film 500, and the positions and numbers of the second through-hole 610 and the first through-hole 510 correspond one-to-one. The shapes of the second through-hole 610 and the first through-hole 510 are consistent.
[0095] The second encapsulation film 500 and the insulating layer 600 ensure that all components of the interconnecting strip 700, except for the welding points, are located on the insulating layer 600, thereby forming an insulating barrier with the battery cell 400, preventing short circuits or localized heat concentration, and improving safety.
[0096] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic module in this embodiment also includes a third encapsulating film 800, which is disposed between the insulating layer 600 and the back sheet 900, and the third encapsulating film 800 has a third through hole 810 for the interconnecting strip 700 to pass through.
[0097] The third encapsulation film 800 is made of POE film or TOP film with low water vapor permeability. The third encapsulation film 800 is located in the area enclosed by the sealing strip 200. Its length and width are consistent with the inner length and width of the sealing strip 200. The thickness can be set to 0.4mm-0.6mm. The third encapsulation film 800 has a third through hole 810 in the area of the first and last battery cells 400 (the first three battery cells 400 and the last three battery cells 400) for the interconnecting strip 700 to pass through.
[0098] In addition, a fourth through hole 910 is provided on the back plate 900, and the position and number of the fourth through hole 910 correspond one-to-one with those of the third through hole 810, and the shape of the fourth through hole 910 is consistent with that of the third through hole 810. This facilitates the interconnection strips 700 of the first three battery cells 400 and the interconnection strips 700 of the last three battery cells 400 to pass through the fourth through hole 910 in the back plate 900 and connect to the first junction box unit 1000 or the second junction box unit 2000.
[0099] Obviously, the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Many other equivalent embodiments may be included without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
[0100] Note that in the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this utility model. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes multiple interconnecting strips, and a high-potential end component, an intermediate component, and a low-potential end component connected in series through the interconnecting strips; and the high-potential end component, the intermediate component, and the low-potential end component all have a three-terminal stacked battery. The three-terminal stacked battery includes: N battery cells, each of which includes a first battery layer, a tunneling layer and a second battery layer, wherein the tunneling layer is disposed between the first battery layer and the second battery layer and electrically connects the first battery layer and the second battery layer; The first battery layer is provided with a top contact end, the tunneling layer is provided with a common contact end, and the second battery layer is provided with a bottom contact end; In the high potential terminal assembly, the interconnecting strip connects multiple battery cells in series to form a first battery string; along the extending direction of the first battery string, the common contact end of the third battery cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the fourth battery cell; the common contact ends of the first to third battery cells are connected together to form a positive terminal, which is configured to be connected to the positive terminal of the inverter. In the low-potential terminal assembly, the interconnecting strip connects multiple battery cells in series to form a second battery string; along the extension direction of the second battery string, the top contact end of the third-to-last battery cell is connected to the common contact end of the first-to-last battery cell; the common contact ends of the first and second-to-last battery cells are connected together to form a negative terminal, which is configured to be connected to the negative terminal of the inverter.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the intermediate component, the interconnecting strip connects multiple battery cells in series to form a third battery string; along the extending direction of the third battery string, the top contact end of the Xth battery cell is connected to the common contact end of the (X+3)th battery cell through the interconnecting strip, and the common contact end of the Xth battery cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the (X+2)th battery cell through the interconnecting strip, wherein: 1≤X≤N-3, N≥4, and X and N are both positive integers.
3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the high potential end assembly, along the extension direction of the first battery string, the top contact end of the Xth battery cell is connected to the common contact end of the (X+3)th battery cell via the interconnecting strip, where: 1≤X≤N-3, N≥4, and X and N are both positive integers; The common contact end of the Mth battery cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the (M+2)th battery cell via the interconnecting strip, where M≥3 and M is a positive integer.
4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the low potential end assembly, along the extension direction of the second battery string, the common contact end of the Xth battery cell is connected to the bottom contact end of the (X+2)th battery cell via the interconnecting strip, where: 1≤X≤N-3, N≥4, and X and N are both positive integers; The top contact end of the Qth battery cell is connected to the common contact end of the (Q+3)th battery cell via the interconnecting strip. The second battery string includes P battery cells, where 1 ≤ Q ≤ P-3, and Q and P are both positive integers.
5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module further includes a first junction box unit, a second junction box unit, and a third junction box unit, wherein there are two second junction box units; The positive terminal is connected to the positive terminal of the inverter through the first junction box unit; one end of the intermediate component is connected in series with the high potential terminal component through one of the second junction box units, and the other end of the intermediate component is connected in series with the low potential terminal component through another second junction box unit; the negative terminal is connected to the negative terminal of the inverter through the third junction box unit.
6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 5, characterized in that, The two second junction box units are defined as second junction box unit A and second junction box unit B, respectively; When the number N of the battery cells in the third battery string is greater than six, the third battery string has the first three battery cells and the last three battery cells; In the first three battery cells: the common contact end and bottom contact end of the first and second battery cells are connected to the second junction box unit A, and the common contact end of the third battery cell is connected to the second junction box unit A; In the last three battery cells: the common contact end and top contact end of the first and second to last battery cells are connected to the second junction box unit B, and the top contact end of the third to last battery cell is connected to the second junction box unit B.
7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first junction box unit and the third junction box unit each have one junction box; the second junction box unit A and the second junction box unit B each have five junction boxes.
8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first battery layer and the second battery layer are perovskite batteries, or the first battery layer is a perovskite battery and the second battery layer is a crystalline silicon battery.
9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell comprises half a cell.
10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The top contact end is located at the short side of the half cell, and the common contact end and the bottom contact end are located at the two opposite long sides of the half cell, respectively.