A small-particle-size seed hulling and screening device
By designing a combination structure of a shell-breaking ball and a shell-breaking bowl, and utilizing progressive crushing force and a rubber layer, the problem of difficulty in breaking the shells of small-diameter seeds was solved, achieving complete crushing of the fruit shell and efficient separation of seeds from the fruit shell.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TOBACCO RES INST HENAN ACADEMY OF AGRI SCI
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing shell-breaking machines are ineffective at breaking the shells of small-diameter seeds, leading to difficulties in seed collection.
It adopts a combination structure of a shell-breaking ball and a shell-breaking bowl. The gap between the shell-breaking ball and the shell-breaking bowl decreases from top to bottom. It is driven to rotate by horizontal and vertical axes. Combined with the rubber layer, it increases the crushing force and achieves gradual shell breaking.
It achieves thorough crushing of the seed shells of small-diameter seeds, and separates the seed shells from the seeds through a screening device, thus improving the shell crushing efficiency.
Smart Images
Figure CN224306347U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shelling equipment, specifically a small-diameter seed shelling and screening device. Background Technology
[0002] For crops such as tobacco and amaranth, the seed size is around 0.3-0.5 mm. Because the seed size is very small, cracking the shell and extracting the seeds is very troublesome. Current shell-crushing machines, such as the utility model patent application number: CN201820696550.5, generally use a series of shell-crushing rollers arranged side by side, with shell-crushing teeth on the rollers. The shells are crushed by the interlocking of the shell-crushing teeth or by the impact with the material during the rotation of the shell-crushing rollers. However, for the seeds with such extremely small diameters, it is difficult for the shells to be completely crushed by the shell-crushing teeth. Summary of the Invention
[0003] This invention provides a small-diameter seed shell breaking and screening device, which aims to solve the problem of troublesome seed shell breaking and extraction for small-diameter seeds.
[0004] The technical solution includes a shell with a feed inlet at the top. Inside the shell is a shell-breaking unit, comprising a shell-breaking ball and a shell-breaking bowl. The shell-breaking ball is a complete sphere, and the shell-breaking bowl is a hemispherical shell with its opening facing upwards. The shell-breaking ball is located inside the shell-breaking bowl, with their centers aligned on the same vertical line. The diameter of the shell-breaking ball is smaller than the diameter of the shell-breaking bowl. The shell-breaking ball is rotatably mounted on the shell via a horizontal axis passing through its center, and the shell-breaking bowl is rotatably mounted on the shell via a vertical axis passing through its center. The vertical axis is a hollow shaft.
[0005] A screen is provided at the lower end of the vertical shaft.
[0006] The screen is equipped with a vibrating motor.
[0007] Both the outer wall of the hatching ball and the inner wall of the hatching bowl are provided with a layer of rubber.
[0008] The horizontal shaft is equipped with a first drive gear, and the vertical shaft is equipped with a second drive gear.
[0009] Because the gap between the shell-breaking ball and the shell-breaking bowl decreases from top to bottom, the crushing force on the material gradually increases as it moves downwards, and it is completely crushed when it reaches the bottom of the shell-breaking bowl. This gradual shell-breaking is conducive to the downward movement of the material and can make the shells break more thoroughly.
[0010] By rotating the shell-breaking ball and the shell-breaking bowl in different directions, the material can be crushed from all angles without any blind spots, ensuring that the fruit shells are completely broken. Attached Figure Description
[0011] Figure 1This is the front view of the present invention.
[0012] Figure 2 This is the front sectional view of the present invention.
[0013] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the present invention.
[0014] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional sectional view of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0015] Referring to the accompanying drawings, this utility model includes a shell 1, with a feed inlet 2 at the top. A shell-breaking unit is installed inside the shell 1, comprising a shell-breaking ball 3 and a shell-breaking bowl 4. The shell-breaking ball 3 is a complete sphere, and the shell-breaking bowl 4 is a hemispherical shell with its opening facing upwards. The shell-breaking ball 3 is located inside the shell-breaking bowl 4, with the centers of the two balls on the same vertical line. The diameter of the shell-breaking ball 3 is smaller than the diameter of the shell-breaking bowl 4, causing the gap between the outer wall of the shell-breaking ball 3 and the inner wall of the shell-breaking bowl 4 to decrease from top to bottom. The shell-breaking ball 3 is rotatably mounted on the shell 1 via a horizontal axis 5 passing through its center, and the shell-breaking bowl 4 is rotatably mounted on the shell 1 via a vertical axis passing through its center. The shell-breaking ball 3 rotates around the horizontal axis 5, and the shell-breaking bowl 4 rotates around the vertical axis 6. The fruit shells are thoroughly and completely crushed in the gap between the shell-breaking ball 3 and the shell-breaking bowl 4. The vertical axis 6 is a hollow shaft, and the crushed material is discharged from the lower end of the hollow shaft.
[0016] The lower end of the vertical shaft 6 is provided with a sieve 7. After the seeds have broken open, they fall into the sieve 7 and fall from the bottom of the sieve 7, while the seed shells remain in the sieve 7, thus achieving sieving.
[0017] The screen 7 is equipped with a vibrating motor 8 for vibrating screening.
[0018] Both the outer wall of the shell-breaking ball 3 and the inner wall of the shell-breaking bowl 4 are provided with a rubber layer 9. The rubber layer 9 can improve the crushing force on the material in the gap and avoid crushing the seeds.
[0019] The horizontal shaft 5 is equipped with a first drive gear 10, and the vertical shaft 6 is equipped with a second drive gear 11. Two motors are provided to drive the horizontal shaft 5 and the vertical shaft 6 to rotate through the two drive gears respectively.
[0020] In use, the fruit shells to be seeded are fed into the housing 1 through the feed inlet 2. The material falls into the gap between the shell-breaking ball 3 and the shell-breaking bowl 4. During the relative rotation of the shell-breaking ball 3 and the shell-breaking bowl 4, the fruit shells are crushed. The crushed fruit shells and seeds fall into the screen 7 through the vertical shaft 6. The vibrating motor 8 drives the screen 7 to vibrate, causing the seeds to fall from the bottom of the screen 7, while the fruit shells remain inside the screen 7, thus achieving screening.
[0021] As the gap between the shell-breaking ball 3 and the shell-breaking bowl 4 decreases from top to bottom, the crushing force on the material gradually increases as it moves downwards, and it is completely crushed when it reaches the bottom of the shell-breaking bowl 4. This gradual shell-breaking is conducive to the downward movement of the material and can make the shells break more thoroughly.
[0022] By rotating the shell-breaking ball 3 and the shell-breaking bowl 4 in different directions, the material can be crushed from all directions without any blind spots, ensuring that the fruit shells are completely broken.
Claims
1. A small-diameter seed shell-breaking and screening device, comprising a shell (1), a feed inlet (2) at the top of the shell (1), and a shell-breaking unit inside the shell (1), characterized in that, The hatching unit includes a hatching ball (3) and a hatching bowl (4). The hatching ball (3) is a complete sphere, and the hatching bowl (4) is a hemispherical shell with its opening facing upward. The hatching ball (3) is located inside the hatching bowl (4). The centers of the hatching ball (3) and the hatching bowl (4) are located on the same vertical line, and the diameter of the hatching ball (3) is smaller than the diameter of the hatching bowl (4). The hatching ball (3) is rotatably mounted on the shell (1) via a horizontal axis (5) passing through the center of the ball, and the hatching bowl (4) is rotatably mounted on the shell (1) via a vertical axis (6) passing through the center of the ball. The vertical axis (6) is a hollow axis.
2. The small-diameter seed shell-breaking and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A screen (7) is provided at the lower end of the vertical shaft (6).
3. The small-diameter seed shell-breaking and screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The screen (7) is equipped with a vibration motor (8).
4. The small-diameter seed shell-breaking and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the outer wall of the hatching ball (3) and the inner wall of the hatching bowl (4) are provided with a layer of rubber (9).
5. The small-diameter seed shell-breaking and screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The horizontal shaft (5) is equipped with a first drive gear (10), and the vertical shaft (6) is equipped with a second drive gear (11).