A universal welding fixture for excavator and wheel loader work devices

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of general welding tool of excavating loader and wheeled loader working device, including tool base, one end of tool base is fixedly connected with driving clamping positioning device, tool base other end is equipped with the driven clamping positioning device that can slide along tool base length direction, driving clamping positioning device and driven clamping positioning device all include the clamping mechanism for clamping spare parts and realizing synchronous inside shrink or synchronous outer support, driving clamping positioning device also includes the turnover mechanism of spare part turnover.The utility model realizes the compatible welding of multiple models, multiple categories working device, with automatic adjustment and intelligent control function, improve welding precision and production efficiency, reduce manual operation intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a universal welding fixture for the working device of excavators and wheel loaders, belonging to the field of engineering machinery manufacturing technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of engineering machinery manufacturing, the performance of welding fixtures directly affects the welding quality and production efficiency of structural components. Currently, common welding fixtures on the market suffer from the following technical defects:

[0003] 1. High specialization: Traditional tooling can usually only be adapted to a single model of working device. When producing different models of products, the entire tooling system needs to be replaced, resulting in low equipment utilization and high production costs.

[0004] 2. Difficulty in adjustment: The positioning and clamping mechanisms of existing tooling mostly adopt manual adjustment, which has poor adjustment accuracy and takes a long time, making it difficult to meet the requirements of modern intelligent manufacturing for rapid changeover.

[0005] 3. Low level of intelligence: It lacks an automated control system, making it impossible to achieve real-time monitoring and quality traceability of the welding process.

[0006] 4. Insufficient compatibility: Traditional structures cannot simultaneously meet the welding requirements of different types of working devices such as backhoe loaders and wheel loaders.

[0007] Chinese patent CN202310538058.0 discloses a "loading boom welding fixture," which solves some positioning problems but still has shortcomings such as limited adjustment range and low degree of automation. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a general welding fixture system with adaptive adjustment function and intelligent control. Utility Model Content

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that it solves the technical problems of poor adaptability and cumbersome adjustment of existing welding fixtures.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is to provide a universal welding fixture for the working device of excavator loaders and wheel loaders. The fixture is characterized by including a fixture base, an active clamping and positioning device fixedly connected to one end of the fixture base, and a driven clamping and positioning device that can slide along the length of the fixture base at the other end. Both the active clamping and positioning device and the driven clamping and positioning device include a clamping mechanism for clamping the parts and realizing synchronous inward retraction or synchronous outward expansion. The active clamping and positioning device also includes a flipping mechanism for flipping the parts.

[0010] Preferably, the flipping mechanism is connected to an electronically controlled PLC flipping control system.

[0011] Preferably, the tooling base is provided with a guide rail, the driven clamping and positioning device is fixed on the slider, and the slider is slidably disposed on the guide rail.

[0012] Preferably, the components are any one of the following: excavator loader boom, excavating arm, stick, telescopic boom, and wheeled loader boom with a capacity of 3 tons or more.

[0013] Preferably, the clamping mechanism is one of a mechanical clamping device, a hydraulic clamping device, and a pneumatic clamping device.

[0014] Preferably, the tooling base is a modular base frame located at the bottom of the welding tooling.

[0015] Preferably, the tooling base is further provided with a reference block for quick positioning of auxiliary components.

[0016] Preferably, the active clamping positioning device and the driven clamping positioning device are equipped with displacement sensors located at the clamping mechanism positions.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes two slidable clamping plates connected by a linkage rod, so that the two clamping plates move simultaneously, retracting inward or extending outward synchronously.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] Both the active clamping and positioning device and the driven clamping and positioning device of this utility model are equipped with clamping mechanisms that can be synchronously retracted inward or extended outward. Through the adjustable clamping and positioning structure design, it can be compatible with the welding positioning and clamping of various large structural components such as the loading boom, digging boom, stick, telescopic rod of backhoe loaders, and the boom of wheel loaders with a capacity of 3 tons or more.

[0020] This invention features rapid clamping and precise positioning, significantly improving the versatility of tooling and welding efficiency, reducing manual adjustment time, and making it suitable for batch welding production of various types of engineering machinery working devices. It solves the technical problems of poor adaptability and cumbersome adjustment of existing welding tooling.

[0021] This invention enables compatible welding of multiple models and types of working devices, and features automatic adjustment and intelligent control functions, thereby improving welding accuracy and production efficiency while reducing the intensity of manual operation.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0023] High versatility: 300% improved compatibility, can be adapted to more than 15 different models of working devices, reducing the frequency of tooling change;

[0024] Easy to operate: It adopts a synchronous clamping mechanism to achieve quick clamping and accurate positioning, reducing manual adjustment time;

[0025] Improve production efficiency: reduce welding preparation time, and improve welding quality and consistency;

[0026] Stable structure: The tooling base is made of high-strength steel to ensure load-bearing capacity and long-term reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of a universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices;

[0028] Figure 2a A top view (partial) of the tooling base clamping the excavator loading boom.

[0029] Figure 2b A top view (partial view) of the tooling base clamping the excavator boom of the backhoe loader.

[0030] Figure 2c A top view (partial) of the tooling base clamping the digging stick of the backhoe loader.

[0031] Figure 2d A top view (partial view) of the tooling base clamping the excavator's telescopic boom.

[0032] Figure 2e A top view (partial) of the tooling base clamping the wheeled loading boom.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the active / passive clamping and positioning device.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of an electronically controlled PLC flip control system.

[0035] in:

[0036] 1 is the tooling base; 2 is the active clamping and positioning device; 3 is the driven clamping and positioning device; 4 is the slide rail mechanism; 5 is the clamping mechanism; 6 is the linkage rod; 7 is the reference stop; 8 is the displacement sensor; 9 is the connecting seat; 10 is the threaded sleeve; 11 is the single-row tapered roller bearing; 12 is the felt ring oil seal; 13 is the locking cover; 14 is the PLC controller; 15 is the motor reducer; 16 is the brake; 17 is the bearing; 18 is the bearing housing; 19 is the drive shaft; 20 is the rocker arm.

[0037] A1 is the digging boom of a backhoe loader; A2 is the digging arm of a backhoe loader; A3 is the telescopic boom of a backhoe loader; A4 is the boom of a wheeled loader; A5 is the boom of a backhoe loader. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] This utility model provides a universal welding fixture for the working device of excavators and wheel loaders, including a mechanical structure part and a control system part.

[0041] The control system includes an electronically controlled PLC-based flip control system; such as... Figure 1 As shown, the mechanical structure includes a tooling base 1, an active clamping and positioning device 2, and a driven clamping and positioning device 3.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the PLC-controlled tilting control system comprises a PLC controller 14, a motor reducer 15, a brake 16, a bearing 17, a bearing housing 18, and a drive shaft 19. The motor reducer 15 is connected to the drive shaft 19, which is equipped with a brake 16 that brakes the drive shaft 19. The brake 16 is connected to a bushing, which is fitted over the drive shaft 19 and connected to a bracket. The end of the drive shaft 19 is connected to the bearing 17, and the outside of the bearing 17 is connected to the bearing housing 18. By starting the motor reducer 15, the drive shaft 19 rotates, causing the bearing 17 and bearing housing 18 to tilt. The PLC controller 14 connects to the motor reducer 15 and the brake 16, thereby controlling the start and stop of the motor reducer 15.

[0043] The tooling base 1 is a modular base frame, welded from high-strength alloy steel. As a support structure, it is located at the bottom of the welding tooling and has sufficient rigidity and load-bearing capacity.

[0044] An active clamping and positioning device 2 is fixedly mounted on the tooling base 1, while a driven clamping and positioning device 3 is slidably mounted on the tooling base 1. The active clamping and positioning device 2 is fixedly installed at one end of the tooling base 1, and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 can slide and adjust along the length of the tooling base 1 via a slide rail mechanism 4 to accommodate parts of different lengths. The slide rail mechanism 4 has multi-degree-of-freedom adjustment capabilities and includes a slider and a guide rail. The guide rail is fixed to the tooling base 1, and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 is fixed to the slider, which slides on the guide rail. The tooling base 1 is equipped with a guide rail (i.e., the slide rail mechanism 4), and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 achieves sliding adjustment through the cooperation of the slider and the guide rail. The components include one or more of the following: a backhoe loader boom, a digging arm, a stick, a telescopic boom, and a wheeled loader boom of 3 tons or more.

[0045] In this embodiment, both the active clamping and positioning device 2 and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 are equipped with mechanically driven clamping mechanisms 5, which achieve synchronous movement through the linkage rod 6, enabling synchronous inward retraction or synchronous outward expansion. When a workpiece (such as a loading arm) is placed on the fixture, the clamping mechanism 5 can synchronously retract or expand to ensure the workpiece is securely fixed. The active clamping and positioning device 2 includes a servo motor-driven flipping mechanism. The clamping mechanism 5 includes one of a mechanical clamping device, a hydraulic clamping device, or a pneumatic clamping device. In one embodiment, the clamping mechanism 5 specifically includes two slidable clamping plates slidably mounted on the connecting seat 9. Each clamping plate is fixedly connected to a threaded sleeve 10, which is threadedly connected to the linkage rod 6. Both ends of the active clamping positioning device 2 and the driven clamping positioning device 3 are provided with locking covers 13, which are fitted onto the outside of the linkage rod 6. The linkage rod 6 and the locking cover 13 are rotatably connected by a single-row tapered roller bearing 11. A felt ring oil seal 12 is also provided between the inner wall of the locking cover 13 and the linkage rod 6. One end of the linkage rod 6 is connected to a rocker arm 20. By rocking the rocker arm 20, the two clamping plates move simultaneously, retracting inward or extending outward synchronously. The outer end of one clamping plate is provided with a rocker arm 20 that drives the linkage rod 6 to rotate forward and backward. By rocking the rocker arm 20 in both directions, the inward or outward movement of the two clamping plates is achieved.

[0046] The locking cover 13 and the single-row tapered roller bearing 11 are used to limit the linkage rod 6 on the active clamping positioning device 2 or the driven clamping positioning device 3, so that the linkage rod 6 can only rotate around the central axis and cannot move towards either end of the active clamping positioning device 2 or the driven clamping positioning device 3. The connecting seat 9 is provided with a slide rail, and the clamping plate is limited and slidably connected to the slide rail, that is, the clamping plate slides on the slide rail and cannot rotate around the slide rail.

[0047] like Figures 2a-2e As shown, the method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0048] 1. Adjust the position of the driven clamping and positioning device 3 according to the length of the workpiece to be welded;

[0049] 2. Place the workpiece on fixture base 1;

[0050] 3. Start the clamping mechanism 5 to make the active clamping and positioning device 2 and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 clamp the workpiece synchronously;

[0051] 4. Perform welding operations. After completion, release the clamping mechanism 5 and remove the workpiece.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] In another embodiment, the clamping mechanism 5 can be pneumatically or hydraulically driven to adapt to different working conditions. Reference blocks 7 can also be provided on the active clamping and positioning device 2 and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 to assist in the rapid positioning of the workpiece. The workpiece (i.e., the component) is rapidly positioned by abutting against the reference blocks 7. Furthermore, displacement sensors 8 can be installed on the active clamping and positioning device 2 and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 at the position of the clamping mechanism 5 to monitor the clamping position in real time and improve positioning accuracy. The reference blocks 7 include two opposing shuttle-shaped structures that can move relative to each other and lock, allowing the workpiece to be inserted into the inner or outer end of the shuttle-shaped structure for positioning.

[0054] The other structures are the same as in Example 1.

[0055] The method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0056] 1. Adjust the position of the driven clamping and positioning device 3 according to the length of the workpiece to be welded;

[0057] 2. Place the workpiece on the fixture base 1 and make it fit against the reference block 7;

[0058] 3. Start the clamping mechanism 5 to make the active clamping and positioning device 2 and the driven clamping and positioning device 3 clamp the workpiece synchronously;

[0059] 4. Perform welding operations. After completion, release the clamping mechanism 5 and remove the workpiece.

Claims

1. A universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices, characterized in that, The tooling base (1) is fixedly connected to one end of the tooling base (1), and the other end of the tooling base (1) is provided with a driven clamping positioning device (3) that can slide along the length of the tooling base (1). Both the driven clamping positioning device (2) and the driven clamping positioning device (3) include a clamping mechanism (5) for clamping the parts and realizing synchronous inward or synchronous outward expansion. The driven clamping positioning device (2) also includes a flipping mechanism for flipping the parts.

2. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned flipping mechanism is connected to an electronically controlled PLC flipping control system.

3. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling base (1) is provided with a guide rail, and the driven clamping and positioning device (3) is fixed on the slider, which slides on the guide rail.

4. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The aforementioned components are any one of the following: excavator loader boom, excavating arm, stick, telescopic boom, and wheeled loader boom with a capacity of 3 tons or more.

5. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (5) is one of a mechanical clamping device, a hydraulic clamping device, and a pneumatic clamping device.

6. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling base (1) is a modular base frame located at the bottom of the welding tooling.

7. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling base (1) is also provided with a reference block (7) for quick positioning of auxiliary components.

8. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The active clamping positioning device (2) and the driven clamping positioning device (3) are equipped with displacement sensors (8) located at the clamping mechanism (5).

9. The universal welding fixture for excavator loaders and wheel loader working devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping mechanism (5) includes two slidable clamping plates, which are slidably mounted on the connecting seat (9). Each clamping plate is fixedly connected to a threaded sleeve (10), which is threadedly connected to the linkage rod (6). Both ends of the active clamping positioning device (2) and the driven clamping positioning device (3) are provided with locking covers (13). The locking covers (13) are fitted on the outside of the linkage rod (6). The linkage rod (6) and the locking covers (13) are rotatably connected by a single-row tapered roller bearing (11). A felt ring oil seal (12) is also provided between the inner wall of the locking covers (13) and the linkage rod (6). One end of the linkage rod (6) is connected to a rocker arm (20). By rocking the rocker arm (20), the two clamping plates move simultaneously, retracting inward or extending outward synchronously.

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