A positioning device for hob and spade cutters of a tunneling machine cutter head

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of excavator cutterhead hob and spade knife positioning device, including excavator cutterhead, cutterhead is equipped with hob seat and spade knife seat;It further includes upper tool mounting template, lower tool mounting template and dummy tooling;Upper tool mounting template front end is rotatably movably connected with the top center shaft of cutterhead;The lower edge of upper tool mounting template is equipped with hob positioning notch;Hob positioning notch is drawn with upper tool positioning line;Upper tool mounting template is detachably connected with lower tool mounting template, and the edge of upper tool mounting template and lower tool mounting template after connection forms lower tool positioning line;Dummy tooling includes hob model and spade knife model;Hob model and spade knife model are respectively corresponding hob seat and spade knife seat.The utility model device can simulate real sword with light dummy sword model, accurately position hob seat and spade knife seat, then can ensure that real sword installation position is accurate after being loaded with real sword, reduce debugging work intensity, reduce manpower time consumption, improve work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of tunneling equipment, specifically relating to a positioning device for the cutterhead rollers and blades of a tunneling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Full-face rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs) typically have a central roller cutter, front roller cutter, edge roller cutter, and shovel cutter on their cutterhead. During tunneling, the roller cutter rotates with the cutterhead, breaking up the rock. The shovel cutter scoops the broken rock into the cutterhead and discharges it along the muck chute onto the main conveyor belt for muck removal. The roller cutter experiences enormous thrust and intense vibration during rock breaking. Accurate installation of the roller cutter on the cutterhead not only reduces wear and eccentric loads but also significantly improves rock breaking efficiency. Simultaneously, there is a crucial relationship between the shovel cutter and the roller cutter. If the shovel cutter is installed too far forward (too small a distance between its blade and the roller cutter's edge), it may directly contact the rock, accelerating wear. Conversely, if the shovel cutter is installed too far back (too large a distance between its blade and the roller cutter's edge), it will be unable to effectively remove rock fragments. Therefore, accurate installation of the shovel cutter on the cutterhead is also paramount. To accurately install the roller cutter and shovel cutter, the position of the cutterhead mounting base needs to be fine-tuned after installing the corresponding cutters, and measurements are taken using a total station. The hobbing cutter and scraper on the cutter head are both made of high-hardness alloy. They are large in size and heavy, with a single cutter weighing about 200 kg. Installing the actual cutter and making fine adjustments to its position is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and affects work efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems in existing technologies, such as the high workload, significant manpower and time consumption, and reduced work efficiency associated with the installation and debugging of cutterheads and blades in full-face rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs). This invention proposes a positioning device for the cutterheads and blades of a TBM. This device uses a lightweight dummy blade model to simulate the real blades, accurately positioning the cutterhead and blade holders. After the real blades are installed, the device ensures accurate placement, reducing the workload of debugging, minimizing manpower and time consumption, and improving work efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A positioning device for the cutterhead rollers and shovels of a tunneling machine includes a cutterhead mounted on the tunneling machine. The cutterhead has roller seats distributed on its front side and shovel seats on its side. It also includes an upper cutter mounting template, a lower cutter mounting template, and a dummy cutter fixture. The front end of the upper cutter mounting template is straight, while its rear end curves downwards to match the side profile of the cutterhead. The front end of the upper cutter mounting template is rotatably connected to the central axis at the top of the cutterhead. A roller positioning groove is provided along the lower edge of the upper cutter mounting template, and an upper cutter positioning line is drawn on the groove. The upper and lower cutter mounting templates are detachably connected, and when connected, their edges form the lower cutter positioning line. The dummy cutter fixture includes a roller model and a shovel model, which correspond to the roller seats and shovel seats, respectively.

[0006] The tunneling machine is a commonly used excavation equipment in tunneling and other excavation operations. The structure and function of its cutterhead are existing technologies. The structure and function of the cutterhead's roller cutter holder and shovel cutter holder are also common, including the position adjustment structure and principle of the roller cutter holder and shovel cutter holder, which generally uses shims for fine-tuning. The upper cutter mounting template is used for the installation and alignment adjustment of the roller cutter model; the lower cutter mounting template is used for the installation and alignment adjustment of the shovel cutter model; the dummy cutter fixture is made of lightweight, hard material, and its dimensions are consistent with real roller cutters and shovel cutters, used to imitate real roller cutters and shovel cutters. Because the dummy cutter fixture is lighter than real cutters, its installation and debugging are time-saving and labor-saving. The lightweight dummy tooling is installed onto the corresponding hob cutter holder and scraper holder, and its position is adjusted using the upper and lower tool mounting templates. Since the positions of the hob cutter holder and scraper holder are now adjusted, the position of the real tool is accurate after removing the dummy tooling and installing the real tool. The upper tool mounting template can rotate around the central axis of the cutter head, thereby adjusting each hob cutter holder accordingly. After the hob cutter model is installed on the corresponding hob cutter holder, it passes through the tool mounting template through the hob cutter positioning slot, and is aligned and finely adjusted using the upper tool positioning line and feeler gauges. The hob cutter model is aligned using the lower tool positioning line, and the scraper holder is adjusted.

[0007] As a further technical improvement, a rotating shaft is also included; the bottom of the rotating shaft is provided with a central base plate; the central base plate is detachably connected to the top center of the cutter head; the front end of the upper cutter mounting template is provided with a rotating sleeve; the rotating shaft is fitted into the rotating sleeve. The central base plate can be fixed to the top of the cutter head by bolt connection; the upper cutter mounting template rotates around the central axis of the cutter head via the rotating shaft and the rotating sleeve.

[0008] As a further technical improvement, the hobbing cutter model is provided with a lifting groove in the middle and an irregularly shaped locking post at the bottom. The lifting groove is used to hoist the hobbing cutter model, facilitating installation.

[0009] As a further technical improvement, the roller cutter holder is equipped with a locking mechanism; the locking mechanism corresponds to the irregularly shaped locking post. The locking mechanism can be opened, and after the roller cutter model is installed into the roller cutter holder, the locking mechanism is closed. At this time, the locking mechanism locks the irregularly shaped locking post, thereby fixing the roller cutter model; the shovel holder is also equipped with a corresponding locking mechanism, and the shovel model is also equipped with a corresponding locking post, fixing the shovel model in the same way as the roller cutter holder.

[0010] As a further technical improvement, a positioning component and a connecting block are provided between the upper tool mounting template and the lower tool mounting template. The connecting block is provided with screw holes, and after the connecting block is placed between the connection points of the upper tool mounting template and the lower tool mounting template, the upper tool mounting template and the lower tool mounting template are fixedly connected together through the screw holes.

[0011] As a further technical improvement, the positioning component includes a positioning groove at the bottom of the upper tool mounting template and a positioning protrusion at the top of the lower tool mounting template; the positioning protrusion corresponds to and matches the positioning groove. After the positioning protrusion is inserted into the positioning groove, the upper tool mounting template and the lower tool mounting template can be aligned and connected.

[0012] As a further technical improvement, both the upper and lower tool mounting templates are provided with weight-reducing slots. These slots can reduce the weight of the upper and lower tool mounting templates.

[0013] As a further technical improvement, both the hob cutter model and the shovel model are made of lightweight materials. The shapes of the hob cutter model and the shovel model are the same as those of real hobs and shovels; here, lightweight materials refer to materials that are lighter than real hobs and shovels, such as aluminum alloys, or they may be hollow, making the hob cutter model and the shovel model lighter than real hobs and shovels.

[0014] The above-described method for using the tunneling machine cutterhead hob and blade positioning device:

[0015] During hob positioning, install the hob model onto the corresponding hob holder on the cutter head; install the center base plate at the top center of the cutter head, at which point the upper tool mounting template can rotate around the central axis of the cutter head; rotate the upper tool mounting template, and the hob model passes through the hob positioning slot; observe whether the cutting edge of the hob model is aligned with the upper tool positioning line on the hob positioning slot. If not aligned, fine-tune the hob holder until aligned, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the hob model; then use a feeler gauge to measure the gap between the top of the hob model's cutting edge and the bottom of the hob positioning slot. This gap should be 1mm. If the gap is greater or less than 1mm, fine-tune the hob holder until the gap is correct. If the cutter is qualified, adjust the vertical position of the hob model accordingly. When positioning the scraper, install the scraper model onto the corresponding scraper holder, and connect the lower tool mounting template with the upper tool mounting template. At this time, the lower tool mounting template can rotate with the upper tool mounting template. Adjust the scraper holder so that the scraper model is aligned with the lower tool positioning line, and the distance between the top of the cutting edge and the lower tool mounting template is less than 1mm. After adjusting the position of the hob holder and scraper holder in the above manner, remove the hob model and scraper model. At this time, the position of the hob holder and scraper holder has been adjusted and remains unchanged. After installing the real hob and scraper, the position of the tool is optimal. This protects the tool and allows it to work normally.

[0016] The technical solution of this utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This utility model installs the hob model onto the corresponding hob holder on the cutter head, and then adjusts the lateral and longitudinal positions of the hob model by rotating the upper cutter mounting template to make the hob holder position optimal. This ensures that the position of the real hob is qualified after replacement, allowing the real hob to run well and saving manpower and time costs.

[0018] 2. This utility model combines the lower tool mounting template with the upper tool template to adjust the position of the shovel model mounted on the shovel holder, thereby adjusting the position of the shovel holder to the optimal position. After replacing the real shovel, the tool position is qualified, ensuring the smooth operation of the real shovel and improving production efficiency.

[0019] 3. The hobbing cutter model and shovel model of this utility model have the same shape and volume as real hobbing cutters and shovels, but are lighter in weight, which is conducive to installation and adjustment, reduces the workload of operators, and saves working time. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the device of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the device after the upper and lower tool mounting templates are combined.

[0022] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of the tool mounting template of this utility model.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a front view of the device after the upper and lower tool mounting templates are combined.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hobbing cutter model.

[0026] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the hob model mounted on the hob holder.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1-Cutter head, 2-Hoop cutter holder, 3-Upper cutter mounting template, 4-Lower cutter mounting template, 5-Center base plate, 6-Rotating sleeve; 7-Rotating shaft, 8-Hoop cutter positioning slot, 9-Connecting block, 10-Clamping mechanism, 11-Hoop cutter model, 12-Irregularly shaped clamping post, 13-Lifting slot, 14-Weight reduction through slot, 15-Upper cutter positioning line, 16-Positioning component, 17-Lower cutter positioning line, 18-Shovel holder, 19-Shovel model. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

[0029] Example 1:

[0030] like Figures 1-7As shown, a positioning device for the cutterhead rollers and blades of a tunneling machine includes a cutterhead 1 mounted on the tunneling machine. The cutterhead 1 has roller seats 2 distributed on its front side and blade seats 18 on its side. It also includes an upper blade mounting template 3, a lower blade mounting template 4, and a dummy blade fixture. The front end of the upper blade mounting template 3 is straight, while its rear end curves downwards to match the side curve of the cutterhead 1. The front end of the upper blade mounting template 3 is rotatably connected to the central axis at the top of the cutterhead 1. A roller positioning groove 8 is provided along the lower edge of the upper blade mounting template 3. An upper blade positioning line 15 is drawn on the roller positioning groove 8. The upper blade mounting template 3 and the lower blade mounting template 4 are detachably connected, and after connection, their edges form a lower blade positioning line 17. The dummy blade fixture includes a roller model 11 and a blade model 19. The roller model 11 and the blade model 19 correspond to the roller seat 2 and the blade seat 18, respectively.

[0031] It also includes a rotating shaft 7; the bottom of the rotating shaft 7 is provided with a central base plate 5; the central base plate 5 is detachably connected to the top center of the cutter head 1; the front end of the upper cutter mounting template 3 is provided with a rotating sleeve 6; the rotating shaft 7 is matched and inserted into the rotating sleeve 6.

[0032] The hobbing cutter model 11 has a hoisting groove 13 in the middle and an irregularly shaped locking post 12 at the bottom.

[0033] The hobbing cutter holder 2 is provided with a locking mechanism 10; the locking mechanism 10 corresponds to the irregular locking post 12.

[0034] Both the hobbing cutter model 11 and the shovel model 19 are made of lightweight materials.

[0035] The method of using this utility model is as follows:

[0036] During hob positioning, the hob model 11 is installed onto the corresponding hob holder 2 on the cutter head 1; the center base plate 5 is installed at the top center of the cutter head 1, at which point the upper tool mounting template 3 can rotate around the central axis of the cutter head 1; rotating the upper tool mounting template 3, the hob model 11 passes through the hob positioning slot 8; observe whether the cutting edge of the hob model 11 is aligned with the upper tool positioning line 15 on the hob positioning slot 8. If not aligned, fine-tune the hob holder 2 until aligned, thereby adjusting the horizontal position of the hob model 11; then use a feeler gauge to measure the gap between the top of the cutting edge of the hob model 11 and the bottom of the hob positioning slot 8. The gap should be 1mm. If the gap is greater or less than 1mm, fine-tune the hob holder 2 until the gap is acceptable. This is done to adjust the vertical position of the hob model 11. When positioning the scraper, install the scraper model 19 onto the corresponding scraper seat 18, and connect the lower tool mounting template 4 to the upper tool mounting template 3. At this time, the lower tool mounting template 4 can rotate with the upper tool mounting template 3. Adjust the scraper seat 18 so that the scraper model 19 is aligned with the lower tool positioning line 17, and the distance between the top of the blade and the lower tool mounting template 4 is less than 1mm. After adjusting the positions of the hob seat 2 and the scraper seat 18 in the above manner, remove the hob model 11 and the scraper model 19. At this time, the positions of the hob seat 2 and the scraper seat 18 have been adjusted and remain unchanged. After installing the real hob and scraper, the position of the tool is optimal, thus protecting the tool and allowing it to work normally.

[0037] Example 2:

[0038] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a positioning component 16 and a connecting block 9 are provided between the upper tool mounting template 3 and the lower tool mounting template 4. The positioning component 16 includes a positioning groove at the bottom of the upper tool mounting template 3 and a positioning protrusion at the top of the lower tool mounting template 4; the positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are matched accordingly.

[0039] The usage method of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0040] Example 3:

[0041] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment two is that both the upper tool mounting template 3 and the lower tool mounting template 4 are provided with weight reduction grooves 14.

[0042] The usage method of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0043] Example 4:

[0044] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 3 is that a positioning component 16 and a connecting block 9 are provided between the upper tool mounting template 3 and the lower tool mounting template 4. The positioning component 16 includes a positioning groove at the bottom of the upper tool mounting template 3 and a positioning protrusion at the top of the lower tool mounting template 4; the positioning protrusion corresponds to and matches the positioning groove. Weight-reducing through grooves 14 are distributed on both the upper tool mounting template 3 and the lower tool mounting template 4.

[0045] The usage method of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1.

[0046] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. The protection scope of this utility model is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this utility model within its substance and protection scope, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the utility model product is usually placed in during use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0048] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A positioning device for a tunneling machine cutterhead roller cutter and shovel cutter, comprising a cutterhead (1) mounted on a tunneling machine, wherein roller cutter seats (2) are distributed on the front side of the cutterhead (1) and shovel cutter seats (18) are provided on the side side; characterized in that: It also includes an upper tool mounting template (3), a lower tool mounting template (4), and a dummy tool fixture; the front end of the upper tool mounting template (3) is straight, and the rear end is curved downwards to match the side curve of the cutter head (1); the front end of the upper tool mounting template (3) is rotatably connected to the top central axis of the cutter head (1); the lower edge of the upper tool mounting template (3) is provided with a hob positioning groove (8); the upper tool positioning line (15) is drawn on the hob positioning groove (8); the upper tool mounting template (3) and the lower tool mounting template (4) are detachably connected, and after connection, the edges of the upper tool mounting template (3) and the lower tool mounting template (4) form the lower tool positioning line (17); the dummy tool fixture includes a hob model (11) and a scraper model (19); the hob model (11) and the scraper model (19) correspond to the hob seat (2) and the scraper seat (18), respectively.

2. The positioning device for the cutterhead hob and blade of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rotating shaft (7); the bottom of the rotating shaft (7) is provided with a central base plate (5); the central base plate (5) is detachably connected to the top center of the cutter head (1); the front end of the upper cutter mounting template (3) is provided with a rotating sleeve (6); the rotating shaft (7) is matched and inserted into the rotating sleeve (6).

3. The positioning device for the cutterhead hob and blade of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoist model (11) has a hoisting groove (13) in the middle and an irregularly shaped locking post (12) at the bottom.

4. The positioning device for the cutterhead hob and blade of a tunneling machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hobbing cutter holder (2) is provided with a locking mechanism (10); the locking mechanism (10) corresponds to the irregular locking post (12).

5. The positioning device for the cutterhead hob and blade of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning component (16) and a connecting block (9) are provided between the upper tool mounting template (3) and the lower tool mounting template (4).

6. The positioning device for the cutterhead hob and blade of a tunneling machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning component (16) includes a positioning groove at the bottom of the upper tool mounting template (3) and a positioning protrusion at the top of the lower tool mounting template (4); the positioning protrusion corresponds to and matches the positioning groove.

7. The positioning device for the cutterhead hob and blade of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper tool mounting template (3) and the lower tool mounting template (4) are both provided with weight-reducing through grooves (14).

8. The positioning device for the cutterhead hob and blade of a tunneling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the hobbing cutter model (11) and the shovel model (19) are made of lightweight materials.

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