Inertial sensing marker for determination of the morphology of industrial discharges by caving

Abstract

This invention discloses an inertial sensing marker for determining the morphology of industrial blasting debris using the blasting method. It includes a rigid encapsulation shell and a sensing system encapsulated within the shell via an encapsulation structure. The encapsulation structure includes an epoxy resin encapsulation body and porous sealant buffers disposed at both ends of the epoxy resin encapsulation body. The sensing system is encapsulated within the epoxy resin encapsulation body and includes a power supply, a microcontroller, an inertial sensor, a vibration sensor, a DC-DC step-down module, a Wi-Fi transmitter, and a storage module. The power supply is connected to the DC-DC step-down module, and the inertial sensor is connected to the storage module. The vibration sensor detects blasting vibrations and triggers the microcontroller to activate the inertial sensor. The inertial sensor records three-dimensional acceleration and angular velocity data and stores them in the storage module. The Wi-Fi transmitter emits a hotspot signal in real time, facilitating mobile phone searching for and recovering the marker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of underground mining, and in particular relates to an inertial sensing marker for measuring the morphology of industrial ejecta released by caving method. Background Technology

[0002] In the sublevel caving method of mining without pillars, accurate determination of the morphology of the industrial caving body is of great significance for optimizing ore discharge parameters and improving ore recovery. Traditional measurement methods mainly rely on theoretical calculations or physical simulations, which are difficult to accurately reflect the characteristics of ore and rock flow, and suffer from problems such as large measurement deviations and difficulties in on-site calibration. Among existing technologies, such as the marker tracking method used in the patented section, there are shortcomings such as poor seismic resistance, discontinuous data acquisition, and inability to accurately reflect the characteristics of ore and rock flow. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this invention is to provide an inertial sensing marker for measuring the morphology of industrial ejecta produced by the scavenging method, aiming to solve at least one of the problems existing in the background art.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model provides an inertial sensing marker for measuring the morphology of industrial effluents by the swarming method, comprising a rigid encapsulation shell and a sensing system encapsulated within the rigid encapsulation shell by an encapsulation structure. The encapsulation structure includes an epoxy resin encapsulation body and porous sealant buffers disposed at both ends of the epoxy resin encapsulation body. The sensing system is encapsulated within the epoxy resin encapsulation body. The sensing system includes a power supply, a microcontroller, an inertial sensor, a vibration sensor, a DC-DC step-down module, a WIFI transmitter, and a storage module. The power supply is connected to the DC-DC step-down module, the inertial sensor is connected to the storage module, and the vibration sensor, the inertial sensor, the DC-DC step-down module, and the WIFI transmitter are connected to the microcontroller.

[0005] Specifically, a plastic round head sleeve is installed at the top of the rigid encapsulation shell, and a plastic tail cap is installed at the tail end.

[0006] Specifically, the rigid encapsulation housing has a numbered marking on its outer surface.

[0007] Specifically, the rigid encapsulation housing is in the shape of a cylindrical tube.

[0008] Specifically, the rigid encapsulation shell has an outer diameter of 47mm, a length of 36cm, and a thickness of 2mm.

[0009] Specifically, one end of the USB data cable is connected to the storage module, and the other end protrudes from the tail end of the rigid encapsulation housing.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] Vibration sensors detect blasting vibrations and trigger microcontrollers to activate inertial sensors. The inertial sensors record three-dimensional acceleration and angular velocity data and store them in a storage module. A Wi-Fi transmitter emits a hotspot signal in real time, facilitating the search and retrieval of markers using mobile phones and other handheld terminals. During use, markers are placed in the blast holes at designed intervals. After blasting, the markers enter the ore mass and flow with the released ore. The markers are tracked and retrieved via Wi-Fi signals. After data export and processing, the morphology of the released body can be fitted.

[0012] The interior of the housing is filled with epoxy resin, and both ends are sealed with porous sealant to form a buffer structure that is resistant to blast wave impact, which can effectively protect the sensing system. The entire inertial sensing marker has excellent shock resistance.

[0013] The top of the encapsulation housing is equipped with a plastic round head sleeve, and the bottom is fitted with a plastic tail cap, which reduces the friction with the borehole wall during installation and ensures that the propellant tube is lifted smoothly. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the inertial sensing marker structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sensing system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the actual product installation of the inertial sensing marker made according to the present utility model.

[0018] The components include: 1. Rigid encapsulation shell; 2. Encapsulation structure; 201. Epoxy resin encapsulation body; 202. Porous sealant buffer body; 3. Sensing system; 301. Power supply; 302. Microcontroller; 303. Inertial sensor; 304. Vibration sensor; 305. DC step-down module; 306. WIFI transmitter; 307. Storage module; 4. Plastic round head cover; 5. Plastic tail cover; 6. USB data cable. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0021] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0022] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 An inertial sensing marker for measuring the morphology of industrial ejecta produced by the swarming method includes a rigid encapsulation shell 1 and a sensing system 3 encapsulated within the rigid encapsulation shell 1 by an encapsulation structure 2. The encapsulation structure 2 includes an epoxy resin encapsulation body 201 and porous sealant buffer bodies 202 disposed at both ends of the epoxy resin encapsulation body 201. The sensing system 3 is encapsulated within the epoxy resin encapsulation body 201 and includes a power supply 301, a microcontroller 302, an inertial sensor 303, a vibration sensor 304, a DC-DC step-down module 305, a WIFI transmitter 306, and a storage module 307. The power supply 301 is connected to the DC-DC step-down module 305, the inertial sensor 303 is connected to the storage module 307, and the vibration sensor 304, the inertial sensor 303, the DC-DC step-down module 305, and the WIFI transmitter 306 are all connected to the microcontroller 302.

[0023] In this embodiment, markers are placed at designed intervals in the blast holes. After blasting, the markers enter the ore mass and flow with the released ore. Vibration sensor 304 detects the blasting vibration and triggers microcontroller 302 to start inertial sensor 303. Inertial sensor 303 records three-dimensional acceleration and angular velocity data and stores them in storage module 307. WIFI transmitter 306 transmits hotspot signals in real time, facilitating the search and recovery of markers by mobile phones and other handheld terminals. Afterwards, the data is exported and processed by the staff to fit the shape of the released body. In addition, the shell is filled with epoxy resin, and the two ends are sealed with porous sealant to form a buffer structure resistant to blast wave impact, which can effectively protect the sensing system 3. The entire inertial sensing marker has excellent shock resistance. As for the specific circuit structure and control process of sensing system 3, they are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0024] In practical applications, the inventors used an ESP32-S3 WROOM microcontroller 302. The N8R8 chip features a built-in low-power mode, remaining in sleep mode when not triggered. The inertial sensor 303 uses a nine-axis inertial measurement unit (JY901S). The storage module 307 uses an SD card. The DC-DC step-down module 305 and the WIFI transmitter 306 use LM2596S DC-DC step-down module 305 and a dual-band WIFI transmitter 306, respectively. The power supply 301 uses one or two 12V / 3000mAh lithium batteries, which are stepped down to 5V by the LM2596S to power each module. It can operate continuously for 30 hours with WIFI enabled. The JY901S inertial measurement unit has a sampling frequency ≥100Hz, accurately recording three-dimensional acceleration and angular velocity data, which is stored via an SD card. The WIFI module supports 2.4GHz / 5GHz dual-band signals with adjustable transmission power, ensuring effective communication distance in complex mining environments. The vibration sensor 304 has an adjustable sensitivity threshold, used to detect blasting vibration signals and trigger the microcontroller 302 to start the sensing system 3. The SD card is used to store the motion data collected by the sensors.

[0025] See Figure 1 Understandably, in the actual design, the encapsulation shell is made of impact-resistant PA12 material. A plastic round head sleeve 4 is installed at the top of the rigid encapsulation shell 1, and a plastic tail cap 5 is installed at the tail end. A UPVC protective tube is fitted on the outside, which reduces the friction between the marker and the borehole wall during installation and ensures that the propellant tube is lifted smoothly. In addition, to facilitate the determination of the installation position of the recovered marker, a number mark (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer surface of the rigid encapsulation shell. The number mark is different for each installation position marker. Specifically, the number mark can be achieved by drilling holes of different numbers and sizes on the rigid encapsulation shell 1. The rigid encapsulation shell 1 is cylindrical, with an outer diameter of 47 mm, a length of 36 cm, and a thickness of 2 mm.

[0026] See Figure 1 Specifically, the enclosure also includes a USB data cable 6. One end of the USB data cable 6 is connected to the storage module 307, and the other end protrudes from the tail end of the rigid enclosure 1. Motion data can be read or the battery can be charged via the USB data cable 6. Of course, the data stored in the storage module 307 can also be transmitted wirelessly to an external terminal in real time, which will not be elaborated upon here.

[0027] See Figures 1-3 The working principle of the aforementioned inertial sensor markers is as follows: A bottomless, segmented caving ore extraction route is selected, the layout of the blast holes for marker placement is determined, and blast hole construction is carried out. The number and position of the inertial sensor markers are determined based on the blast hole depth. A push rod is used to push the tail end of the marker into the blast hole, and the initial position of the inertial sensor marker is recorded. During blasting in the mining area, the vibration sensor 304 detects the blasting vibration and triggers the microcontroller 302 to start the inertial sensor 303. The inertial sensor 303 records three-dimensional acceleration and angular velocity data and stores them on an SD card. The markers are scattered into the caving ore pile. During ore extraction, a mobile phone is used to search for the marker's hotspot signal. Based on the signal, the inertial sensor markers released along with the ore are retrieved, and their final positions are recorded. Using a zero-velocity detection algorithm and a Kalman filter algorithm, the motion trajectory of the inertial sensor markers is obtained, reconstructing the flow characteristics and morphology of the ore body during extraction.

[0028] This embodiment uses an industrial-grade JY901S nine-axis sensor, which significantly improves trajectory measurement accuracy and achieves high-precision measurement. It features a dual anti-vibration design, employing epoxy resin potting and a porous sealant buffer structure, which can withstand 15MPa impact pressure. The LM2596S step-down module reduces system voltage fluctuations, and together with a large-capacity lithium battery, it can ensure approximately 30 hours of continuous operation. The top of the encapsulation housing is equipped with a plastic round head sleeve 4, and the bottom is fitted with a plastic tail cap 5, which reduces friction with the borehole wall during installation and ensures smooth lifting of the propellant tube.

[0029] Unless otherwise stated, if any of the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model discloses a numerical range, then the disclosed numerical range is a preferred numerical range. Anyone skilled in the art should understand that the preferred numerical range is merely one among many feasible numerical values ​​that has a more obvious or representative technical effect. Because there are many numerical values, it is impossible to list them all. Therefore, this utility model discloses only some numerical values ​​to illustrate the technical solutions of the invention. Furthermore, the numerical values ​​listed above should not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention.

[0030] Meanwhile, if the present invention discloses or relates to mutually fixedly connected parts or structural components, then unless otherwise stated, the fixed connection can be understood as: a detachable fixed connection (e.g., using bolts or screws), or a non-detachable fixed connection (e.g., riveting, welding). Of course, mutually fixed connections can also be replaced by an integral structure (e.g., manufactured by casting) (except where it is obviously impossible to use an integral forming process).

[0031] Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, the terms used to indicate positional relationships or shapes in any of the technical solutions disclosed in this utility model include states or shapes that are similar to, analogous to, or close to those states or shapes. Any component provided by this utility model can be assembled from multiple individual components or can be a single component manufactured using a one-piece molding process.

[0032] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples to clearly illustrate the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all embodiments here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. An inertial sensing marker for determining the morphology of industrial ejecta produced by the swarming method, characterized in that: The device includes a rigid encapsulation housing and a sensing system encapsulated within the rigid encapsulation housing by an encapsulation structure. The encapsulation structure includes an epoxy resin encapsulation body and porous sealant buffers disposed at both ends of the epoxy resin encapsulation body. The sensing system is encapsulated within the epoxy resin encapsulation body and includes a power supply, a microcontroller, an inertial sensor, a vibration sensor, a DC-DC step-down module, a Wi-Fi transmitter, and a storage module. The power supply is connected to the DC-DC step-down module, the inertial sensor is connected to the storage module, and the vibration sensor, the inertial sensor, the DC-DC step-down module, and the Wi-Fi transmitter are connected to the microcontroller.

2. The inertial sensing marker according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plastic round head sleeve is installed at the top of the rigid encapsulation shell, and a plastic tail cap is installed at the tail end.

3. The inertial sensing marker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the rigid encapsulation housing is marked with a number.

4. The inertial sensing marker according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rigid encapsulation housing is in the shape of a cylindrical tube.

5. The inertial sensing marker according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rigid encapsulation shell has an outer diameter of 47mm, a length of 36cm, and a thickness of 2mm.

6. The inertial sensing marker according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the USB data cable is connected to the storage module, and the other end protrudes from the tail end of the rigid encapsulation housing.

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