Jig for solar cell processing

Abstract

This application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology and discloses a fixture for processing solar cells. The fixture includes a fixture body, which comprises a bottom wall and a top wall spaced apart along a predetermined direction, and multiple side walls forming a receiving cavity between the bottom and top walls. The receiving cavity is used to accommodate multiple solar cells stacked together along the predetermined direction. Each side wall has multiple through holes communicating with the receiving cavity, allowing process gas to enter the receiving cavity to passivate multiple sides of the solar cells parallel to their thickness direction. The predetermined direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the solar cells. The fixture for processing solar cells provided in this application can help ensure the passivation effect of the solar cells, thereby improving the working performance of photovoltaic modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a fixture for processing solar cells. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of photovoltaic (PV) power generation technology, the installed capacity of PV power generation is also increasing. PV power generation utilizes solar energy to convert it into electrical energy, and the entire power generation process does not cause any pollution to the environment. Therefore, PV power generation is widely used in various power generation scenarios. PV power generation is achieved by using PV modules, and the solar cells are a crucial part of the PV module that enables the photovoltaic effect.

[0003] The characteristics of solar cells affect the conversion power of photovoltaic modules. During cell manufacturing, passivation treatment is typically performed on the cell surface to reduce electron recombination and improve conversion efficiency. To facilitate this passivation process, auxiliary devices are usually designed. Therefore, designing the structure of these auxiliary devices to ensure effective passivation and improve the performance of photovoltaic modules is a crucial issue. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a fixture for processing solar cells, which can help ensure the passivation effect of the cells and improve the working performance of photovoltaic modules.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, embodiments of this application provide a fixture for processing solar cells. The fixture includes a fixture body, which comprises a bottom wall and a top wall spaced apart along a predetermined direction, and multiple side walls forming a receiving cavity between the bottom and top walls. The receiving cavity is used to accommodate multiple solar cells stacked together along the predetermined direction. Each side wall is provided with multiple through holes communicating with the receiving cavity. These through holes allow process gas to enter the receiving cavity to passivate multiple sides of the solar cells parallel to their thickness direction. The predetermined direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the solar cells.

[0006] The fixture for processing solar cells provided in this application has an internal cavity for accommodating solar cells formed by the cooperation of different parts within the fixture body. The solar cells can be stacked and loaded into the fixture body, exposing sides facing different directions. Each sidewall of the fixture body is provided with a through-hole, which provides a channel for process gas to enter the cavity and passivate the sides of the solar cells. By providing through-holes on different sidewalls surrounding the edges of the solar cells, passivation treatment can be achieved on all sides of the solar cells. This ensures the passivation effect of the solar cells, thereby improving the conversion power of the photovoltaic module.

[0007] In some embodiments, the axial direction of the through-holes on each sidewall is perpendicular to a predetermined direction. This allows process gases to reach the vicinity of the cell's side surface smoothly, enabling passivation treatment of the cell's side surface, by extending the through-holes in a direction parallel to the plane of the cell.

[0008] In some implementations, multiple through holes on each sidewall are evenly distributed on the sidewall. This ensures a more consistent passivation effect on the sides of different solar cells by uniformly distributing the multiple through holes on their respective sidewalls.

[0009] In some embodiments, the bottom wall includes a central region for placing the solar cells and an edge region surrounding the central region, with the projection of each sidewall onto the bottom wall located in the edge region and spaced from the central region. This creates a gap between the sidewalls and the stacking area of ​​the solar cells, ensuring that process gases fill near the sides of the solar cells, resulting in good passivation of the sides of the solar cells.

[0010] In some implementations, at least some of the sidewalls are equidistant from the central region by projecting their projections onto the bottom wall. This allows for a more consistent passivation effect on different sides of the solar cells by maintaining the same spacing between the different sidewalls and the stacked areas of the solar cells.

[0011] In some embodiments, a limiting member is provided within the receiving cavity. The projection of the limiting member on the bottom wall is located in the edge region, and the limiting member is used to limit the position of the battery cells. In this way, the limiting member can limit the stacking position of the battery cells within the receiving cavity.

[0012] In some embodiments, there are multiple limiting members, which are spaced apart from each other and are used to abut against the non-cut edges of the battery cell. In this way, the limiting members can avoid the cut edges of the battery cell, thus preventing mechanical damage to the cut sides formed after the battery cell is cut.

[0013] In some embodiments, the multiple sidewalls include a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a third sidewall, and a fourth sidewall arranged sequentially around a predetermined direction, with the first sidewall and the third sidewall facing each other, and the second sidewall and the fourth sidewall facing each other. This allows the sidewalls to be positioned to correspond to different edges of the solar cell, facilitating the passage of process gases through through-holes in the sidewalls to the corresponding sides of the solar cell for passivation treatment.

[0014] In some embodiments, the plurality of through holes on the first sidewall and the plurality of through holes on the third sidewall are symmetrically arranged about a preset direction, and the plurality of through holes on the second sidewall and the plurality of through holes on the fourth sidewall are symmetrically arranged about a preset direction. In this way, by making the distribution of through holes on the two opposite sidewalls more regular, it is beneficial to simplify the structure of the sidewalls and ensure a more consistent passivation effect on the two opposite sides of the battery cell.

[0015] In some embodiments, multiple through holes on each sidewall are arranged in multiple rows in a predetermined direction, with adjacent rows of through holes staggered in the predetermined direction. In this way, by staggering the through holes, areas with insufficient distribution of process gas are avoided at the intervals between corresponding through holes within the cavity, ensuring that different areas on the side of the solar cell have sufficient process gas for passivation treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference numerals in the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a solar cell formed after a dicing process in the existing technology.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a carrier used in the prior art to passivate the cut surfaces of battery cells after the dicing process;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of a non-cut surface of a solar cell in the prior art;

[0020] Figure 4 This is an exploded structural diagram of a fixture for processing solar cells provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a fixture for processing solar cells provided in some embodiments of this application;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fixture for solar cell processing provided in some embodiments of this application when solar cells are loaded;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the microstructure of the side of the battery cell provided in some embodiments of this application after passivation treatment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the various embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will understand that many technical details have been presented in the various embodiments of this application to enable readers to better understand this application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in this application can be implemented. The division of the various embodiments below is for the convenience of description and should not constitute any limitation on the specific implementation of this application. The various embodiments can be combined with and referenced by each other without contradiction.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0027] With the continuous improvement of photovoltaic (PV) module conversion efficiency, PV modules are increasingly being used for power generation in various scenarios. For example, PV modules are being installed on factory rooftops, in desert areas, and on water surfaces. PV modules are formed by encapsulating solar cells. For some cells, a dicing process is performed before encapsulation. After dicing, thin-film deposition techniques, such as ALD (Atomic Layer Deposition), are used to prepare alumina thin films. This process passivates and repairs the cut surfaces of the cells, saturating the exposed dangling bonds on the diced surface and reducing recombination. Simultaneously, the deposited alumina film itself carries a negative charge, creating a field passivation effect that repels minority carriers from moving to the cut surfaces, reducing the probability of minority carriers being trapped at areas with high recombination defects.

[0028] In other words, existing technologies mainly target Figure 1 The cut surface 23 exposed after dicing the battery cell 21 shown is passivated. For example... Figure 1As shown, the entire battery is cut along the direction indicated by arrow F to form two battery sheets 21. Each battery sheet 21 includes a cut edge 201 and a non-cut edge 202. The battery sheet 21 formed after the dicing process includes multiple sides 22, and the cut points form cut surfaces 23. The diced battery sheet 21 is then processed using... Figure 2 The carrier shown is used for loading materials so that the cut surface 23 of each battery cell 21 can be passivated. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the carrier includes a first part 110 and a second part 120 that cooperate to form an inner cavity, in which battery cells 21 are stacked. After the first part 110 is connected to the second part 120, an opening is formed at the first end face 1101 and the second end face 1201, and a baffle 130 is connected to the opening. The baffle 130 faces the cut surface 23 of the battery cell 21, and an air inlet gap is reserved between the baffle 130 and the first end face 1101 and the second end face 1201 to allow process gas to enter the inner cavity and passivate the cut surface 23 of the battery cell 21. The other sides 22 of the battery cell 21 are not passivated. The microstructure of the unpassivated sides 22 of the battery cell 21, i.e., the non-cut surfaces of the battery cell 21 during the dicing process, is shown below. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The microstructure of the uncut surface shown is relatively uneven, reflecting that there are still defects to be repaired on the unpassivated side 22 of the solar cell 21. Since the other side 22 of the solar cell 21 are formed by wire cutting during the silicon ingot slicing process, a deep surface damage layer will be generated in these side 22, including defects such as dangling bonds and some lattice distortions.

[0029] Actual testing revealed that, in addition to the numerous dangling bond defects on the cut surfaces exposed after laser dicing, requiring passivation repair, other sides of the solar cells exhibit even more surface mechanical damage caused during the original silicon wafer manufacturing process, specifically during the ingot cutting. These cut surfaces also expose numerous dangling bonds and mechanically damaged areas, resulting in a combined effect that leads to increased power loss in photovoltaic modules. However, current technologies only address passivation repair on the cut surfaces after laser dicing, leaving the mechanical damage from the original silicon wafer manufacturing process on other sides of the cell still causing power loss.

[0030] To improve the conversion power of photovoltaic modules, some embodiments of this application provide a fixture for processing solar cells. The fixture has through-holes designed on the sidewalls of the solar cell, including the sides formed after the original silicon wafer is cut and the cut surfaces formed after dicing, to allow process gases from the deposition process to reach different sides of the solar cell, thereby passivating all sides of the solar cell. This ensures the passivation effect of the solar cell, reduces power loss caused by mechanical damage to the sides, improves the conversion power of the photovoltaic module, and ensures the working performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0031] The following is combined with Figures 4 to 6 The structure of a fixture for processing solar cells provided in some embodiments of this application is described. The fixture can mount a solar cell 21 for passivation treatment, wherein the solar cell 21 to be passivated includes a plurality of side surfaces 22 parallel to the thickness direction.

[0032] like Figures 4 to 6 As shown, some embodiments of this application provide a fixture for processing solar cells, including a fixture body, the fixture body comprising components along a predetermined direction ( Figure 4 The bottom wall 11 and top wall 12 are spaced apart (in the direction indicated by arrow A), and a plurality of side walls 13 enclosing the bottom wall 11 and top wall 12 to form a receiving cavity 101. The receiving cavity 101 is used to accommodate a plurality of battery cells 21 stacked together in a preset direction. Each side wall 13 is provided with a plurality of through holes 131 communicating with the receiving cavity 101. The through holes 131 are used to allow process gas to enter the receiving cavity 101 to passivate a plurality of sides 22 of the battery cells 21. The preset direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the battery cells 21.

[0033] The fixture body forms an auxiliary device for passivating the battery cells 21. The fixture body is designed as a box with internal space to accommodate multiple battery cells 21 for passivation. A bottom wall 11 and a top wall 12 are formed at the bottom and top of the fixture body, respectively, while multiple side walls 13 are formed on the sides of the fixture body. The fixture body can be configured as a regular shape such as a cuboid, prism, or cylinder, or as an irregular shape. The number of side walls 13 can be two, three, four, or more. Each side wall 13 can correspond to one side 22 of the battery cell 21, or it can correspond to multiple sides 22 of the battery cell 21.

[0034] In the fixture body, for inserting the battery cell 21, the top wall 12 can be made detachable, while the multiple side walls 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom wall 11. Alternatively, one of the multiple side walls 13 can be made detachable, while the top wall 12, bottom wall 11, and other side walls 13 are fixedly connected. For example, the top wall 12 or part of the side walls 13 can be hinged so that the battery cell 21 can be inserted by opening the top wall 12 or the side wall 13. Alternatively, fasteners can be used to make the top wall 12 or part of the side walls 13 detachable, so that the detachable top wall 12 or part of the side walls 13 can be disassembled when it is necessary to insert or remove the battery cell 21.

[0035] The battery cells 21 can be stacked along a predetermined direction within the receiving cavity 101 formed by the fixture body. In the stacked state, the four sides 22 of each battery cell 21 are exposed, while the larger front and back surfaces of each battery cell 21 are either in contact with each other, or with the surface of the bottom wall 11 facing the receiving cavity 101, or with the surface of the top wall 12 facing the receiving cavity 101. Each sidewall 13 of the fixture body is provided with multiple through holes 131, which can form channels for process gas to pass through. The distribution of the through holes 131 can correspond to the stacking position of the battery cells 21, or be randomly distributed. Process gas can enter the receiving cavity 101 through the through holes 131, placing the sides 22 of the stacked battery cells 21 within the receiving cavity 101 in an environment filled with process gas, so that a thin film can be deposited on the sides 22 of each battery cell 21 through passivation treatment to achieve the repair purpose.

[0036] In other words, during the passivation treatment of the side surface 22 of the solar cell 21, the process gas can enter the receiving cavity 101 through multiple through holes 131 on each sidewall 13, and form a deposited thin film on the side surface 22 of the solar cell 21 after reaching it. The passivation treatment method may include, but is not limited to, using existing half-cell passivation technology to prepare an aluminum oxide thin film to achieve passivation, or using other means to superimpose commonly used solar cell passivation films such as silicon nitride for passivation repair.

[0037] This application provides a fixture for processing solar cells in some embodiments, in which different parts of the fixture body are fitted together to form an inner cavity for accommodating solar cells 21. The solar cells 21 can be stacked and loaded into the fixture body, exposing sides 22 facing different directions. Each sidewall 13 of the fixture body is provided with a through hole 131, which provides a channel for process gas to enter the accommodating cavity 101 to passivate the sides 22 of the solar cells 21. By providing through holes 131 on different sidewalls 13 surrounding the edge of the solar cells 21, passivation treatment can be achieved on all different sides 22 of the solar cells 21. This ensures the passivation effect of the solar cells 21, thereby improving the conversion power of the photovoltaic module.

[0038] In some embodiments, the axial direction of the through hole 131 on each sidewall 13 may be perpendicular to a preset direction.

[0039] In other words, the through holes 131 located on different sidewalls 13 extend in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the solar cell 21 is located. When the process gas passes through the through holes 131 and reaches the receiving cavity 101, the entry direction of the process gas is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the solar cell 21, which allows the process gas to more fully contact the side surface 22 of each solar cell 21. This ensures the passivation effect of each solar cell 21.

[0040] In addition, the multiple through holes 131 on each sidewall 13 can be evenly arranged on the sidewall 13.

[0041] Multiple through holes 131 can be arranged in a multi-row, multi-column array on the sidewall 13. Furthermore, the multiple through holes 131 on each sidewall 13 can be arranged at the same spacing. This uniform distribution of the multiple through holes 131 on the sidewall 13 ensures that an appropriate amount of process gas enters the cavity 101 corresponding to the side surface 22 of each battery cell 21, thereby ensuring the passivation effect on each battery cell 21 and each side surface 22 of the battery cell 21.

[0042] In practice, the cross-sectional shape of the through hole 131 can be a regular shape such as a circle, square, or rectangle, or it can be an irregular shape. The radial dimensions of the multiple through holes 131 on each sidewall 13 can be set to be equal or different. At the same time, the through holes 131 can be set to have a constant cross-sectional size or a variable cross-sectional size in the axial direction.

[0043] In some embodiments, the bottom wall 11 may include a central region 111 for placing the battery cell 21, and an edge region 112 surrounding the central region 111, wherein the projection of each sidewall 13 on the bottom wall 11 is located in the edge region 112 and is spaced from the central region 111.

[0044] The central region 111 is located in the area of ​​the bottom wall 11 corresponding to the center of the receiving cavity 101, and the edge region 112 surrounds the central region 111. The size of the central region 111 of the bottom wall 11 corresponds to the size of the placed battery cell 21, which can be used to locate the placement position of the battery cell 21. The four edges of the battery cell 21 correspond to the boundary positions of the central region 111 and the edge region 112.

[0045] Each sidewall 13 is configured corresponding to the edge region 112 of the bottom wall 11, and each sidewall 13 has a reserved gap corresponding to the stacking position of the solar cells 21, so that process gas can enter the receiving cavity 101 and fill the vicinity of the side 22 of each solar cell 21. That is, by making the projection of each sidewall 13 on the bottom wall 11 form a gap with the middle region 111, a distance is formed between the stacked solar cells 21 in the receiving cavity 101 and each sidewall 13. This provides reserved space for the process gas to passivate each side 22 of each solar cell 21, ensures the flow of process gas around the solar cells 21, and improves the passivation effect on the side 22 of each solar cell 21.

[0046] Alternatively, the projection of at least a portion of the sidewall 13 onto the bottom wall 11 can be made equal to the distance between the projection of that portion of the sidewall 13 onto the bottom wall 11 and the intermediate region 111.

[0047] In other words, the sidewalls 13 can be uniformly arranged around the periphery of the central region 111. That is, in the fixture body, the sidewalls 13 can be arranged corresponding to the boundary line P between the central region 111 and the edge region 112 of the bottom wall 11. Simultaneously, the surface of each sidewall 13 facing the receiving cavity 101 is parallel to a preset direction, and at least some of the sidewalls 13 maintain the same distance from the stacked positions of the battery cells 21. For example, when the battery cell 21 has four sides 22, there are four boundary lines connecting the central region 111 and the edge region 112 on the bottom wall 11. At least some of the four sidewalls 13 maintain a consistent distance from their corresponding boundary lines. This ensures that after the process gas enters the receiving cavity 101 through the through-holes 131 on each sidewall 13, it maintains a relatively consistent distribution characteristic near at least some of the sides 22 of the battery cell 21, ensuring a uniform passivation effect on the different sides 22 of each battery cell 21.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, a limiting member 14 can be provided in the receiving cavity 101 of the fixture body. The projection of the limiting member 14 on the bottom wall 11 is located in the edge region 112. The limiting member 14 is used to limit the battery cell 21.

[0049] The limiting member 14 can be a spaced columnar component or a continuously distributed plate-like component. The limiting member 14 restricts the stacking position of the battery cells 21, thus limiting their position. When the battery cells 21 are stacked within the receiving cavity 101, the edges of the battery cells 21 contact the limiting member 14, ensuring that the position of the battery cells 21 within the receiving cavity 101 corresponds to the middle region 111 of the bottom wall 11. Furthermore, when transferring the fixture body containing the battery cells 21 as a whole—for example, when moving the fixture body into or out of a deposition equipment such as a tube furnace—the limiting member 14 ensures that the stacked battery cells 21 within the receiving cavity 101 remain in a fixed position. This prevents the battery cells 21 from easily shifting position, which could affect the passivation effect.

[0050] In practice, there can be multiple limiting members 14, which are spaced apart from each other and are used to abut against the uncut edge 202 of the battery cell 21.

[0051] The battery cell 21 can be positioned by multiple spaced limiting members 14. The limiting members 14 can be regular shapes such as cylindrical, semi-cylindrical, or prismatic, or irregular shapes. The multiple limiting members 14 can be arranged in a non-fully enclosed manner around the outer side of the middle region 111 of the bottom wall 11 to avoid mechanical contact between the cut surface 23 of the battery cell 21 corresponding to the cut edge 201 and the limiting member 14, which could lead to desiccant scratches.

[0052] It should be noted that the uncut edge 202 of the solar cell 21 refers to the edge of the solar cell 21 that was not cut during the dicing process, while the cut edge 201 of the solar cell 21 refers to the edge formed by cutting during the dicing process. Although the uncut edge 202 of the solar cell 21 was not cut during the dicing process, it was cut when the silicon ingot was cut into a silicon wafer. Therefore, by passivating the side surface 22 corresponding to the uncut edge 202 of the solar cell 21, the interface damage caused by the original silicon wafer cutting can be repaired.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the multiple sidewalls 13 may include a first sidewall 132, a second sidewall 133, a third sidewall 134 and a fourth sidewall 135 arranged sequentially around a preset direction. The first sidewall 132 and the third sidewall 134 are arranged opposite to each other, and the second sidewall 133 and the fourth sidewall 135 are arranged opposite to each other.

[0054] The first sidewall 132 and the third sidewall 134 correspond to the two longer sides 22 of the battery cell 21, while the second sidewall 133 and the fourth sidewall 135 correspond to the two shorter sides 22 of the battery cell 21. By aligning the sidewalls 13 with the sides 22 of the battery cell 21, the ease of setting the through holes 131 can be ensured, as each through hole 131 can be arranged corresponding to a side 22 of the battery cell 21. In practice, the sidewalls 13 can also be arranged in a form that does not correspond to the sides 22 of the battery cell 21.

[0055] Alternatively, the plurality of through holes 131 on the first sidewall 132 and the plurality of through holes 131 on the third sidewall 134 can be symmetrically arranged about a preset direction, and the plurality of through holes 131 on the second sidewall 133 and the plurality of through holes 131 on the fourth sidewall 135 can be symmetrically arranged about a preset direction.

[0056] By symmetrically arranging the through holes 131 on the two opposing sidewalls 13, the structure of the sidewalls 13 can be made more regular. This simplifies the structure of the sidewalls 13 and reduces the complexity of their fabrication. Furthermore, it ensures a more uniform passivation effect on each side 22 of the battery cell 21 during passivation treatment.

[0057] like Figure 4 As shown, multiple through holes 131 on each sidewall 13 can be arranged in multiple rows in a preset direction, and the through holes 131 in adjacent rows are staggered in the preset direction.

[0058] The number of rows of through holes 131 on each sidewall 13 can correspond to the number of stacked layers of the solar cells 21, or it can be set in such a way that multiple layers of solar cells 21 correspond to one row of through holes 131. Furthermore, adjacent rows of through holes 131 in a preset direction can be staggered by a certain distance. This ensures that the arrangement of through holes 131 in adjacent rows forms entry channels for process gas, allowing the process gas to fill the receiving cavity 101 sufficiently, creating enough process gas near the side surface 22 of each solar cell 21 to passivate the side surface 22 of the solar cell 21.

[0059] In practice, the number of through holes 131 contained in two adjacent rows of through holes 131 can be the same or different. That is, the number of through holes 131 contained in two adjacent rows of through holes 131 can be the same or have a certain difference. Furthermore, the difference in the number of through holes 131 in two adjacent rows can be less than or equal to 5. By controlling the distribution of the number of through holes 131 in two adjacent rows, the phenomenon of uneven distribution of process gas caused by a large difference in the number of through holes 131 can be avoided, thereby avoiding affecting the passivation effect on the side surface 22 of different solar cells 21, as well as the passivation effect on different areas of the side surface 22 of the solar cell 21.

[0060] When passivating the sides 22 of the solar cell 21, the aforementioned fixture can be used to passivate multiple sides 22 of the solar cell 21 using the ALD process. After the solar cell 21 is inserted into the fixture body, it can be placed entirely in a tube furnace. A silicon oxide / aluminum oxide mixed passivation film with a thickness ranging from 10 nm to 50 nm is deposited and grown within a temperature range of 200°C to 300°C to passivate the surrounding sides 22 of the solar cell 21, including areas damaged during the original silicon wafer cutting process. In practice, a venting channel can be formed at the connection between the top wall 12 and the multiple side walls 13 using gaps or pre-reserved spacing, allowing the passivation product to flow out of the receiving cavity 101. Pressure can be applied between adjacent solar cells 21 to control the gap and prevent plating around the larger front and back surfaces of the solar cell 21.

[0061] By modifying the auxiliary device design, thin-film passivation treatment can be applied to all sides 22 of the solar cell 21, thereby achieving higher photovoltaic module power output without increasing manufacturing costs. Passivating all sides 22 of the solar cell 21 increases the passivation area and reduces the composite area on the sides 22. Actual testing shows that this can improve the conversion power of photovoltaic modules by 2W to 8W. Figure 7A schematic diagram of the microstructure of the side surface 22 of the passivated solar cell 21 is shown. It can be seen that the side surface 22 of the solar cell 21 has a relatively flat structure, reflecting that the defects before passivation have been repaired. In other words, the passivation treatment passivates and saturates the unsaturated dangling bonds on the side surface 22 of the solar cell 21, and the negative charge of the alumina layer itself forms a negative electric field, which repels free charge carriers and forms a field passivation effect. This reduces the probability of charge carriers moving to the surface and being captured and recombine by some dangling bonds or other defects, thereby reducing efficiency loss.

[0062] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific implementations of this application, and in practical applications, various changes can be made in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

Claims

1. A fixture for processing solar cells, characterized in that, include: The fixture body includes a bottom wall and a top wall spaced apart along a preset direction, and a plurality of side walls forming a receiving cavity between the bottom wall and the top wall. The receiving cavity is used to receive a plurality of battery cells stacked together along the preset direction. Each side wall is provided with a plurality of through holes communicating with the receiving cavity. The through holes are used to allow process gas to enter the receiving cavity to passivate a plurality of sides of the battery cells parallel to the thickness direction. The preset direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the battery cells.

2. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axial direction of each through hole on the sidewall is perpendicular to the preset direction.

3. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of through holes on each of the sidewalls are evenly distributed on the sidewalls.

4. The fixture for processing solar cells according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The bottom wall includes a central region for placing the battery cells and an edge region surrounding the central region, wherein the projection of each sidewall onto the bottom wall is located in the edge region and is spaced from the central region.

5. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least a portion of the sidewalls are equidistant from the projection of their parts onto the bottom wall and from the intermediate region.

6. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 4, characterized in that, A limiting member is provided inside the receiving cavity. The projection of the limiting member on the bottom wall is located in the edge region. The limiting member is used to limit the position of the battery cell.

7. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 6, characterized in that, There are multiple limiting members, which are spaced apart from each other, and are used to abut against the non-cut edge of the battery cell.

8. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of sidewalls include a first sidewall, a second sidewall, a third sidewall, and a fourth sidewall arranged sequentially around the preset direction, wherein the first sidewall is arranged opposite to the third sidewall, and the second sidewall is arranged opposite to the fourth sidewall.

9. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 8, characterized in that, The plurality of through holes on the first sidewall and the plurality of through holes on the third sidewall are symmetrically arranged about the preset direction, and the plurality of through holes on the second sidewall and the plurality of through holes on the fourth sidewall are symmetrically arranged about the preset direction.

10. The fixture for processing solar cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple through holes on each sidewall are arranged in multiple rows in a preset direction, and the through holes in adjacent rows are staggered in the preset direction.

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