Quick transposition tool and hydropower station site drilling tool kit

Abstract

The scheme discloses a quick transposition tool, which comprises a tool main plate, a main shaft fixing hole for being fixed with the upper end of a main shaft and a drilling machine fixing hole for being fixed with a drilling machine are arranged on the tool main plate; the main shaft fixing hole is at least three holes not on the same straight line; the drilling machine fixing hole is at least two groups corresponding to different working positions, and each group is at least three holes not on the same straight line. The scheme also discloses a water and electricity station site drilling tool kit, which comprises the quick transposition tool as mentioned above, and further comprises a radial drilling machine; the radial drilling machine is fixed on the quick transposition tool through the corresponding group of drilling machine fixing holes according to the working position. The scheme has the beneficial effects that the quick transposition and positioning of the radial drilling machine are well solved, meanwhile, the positions of the taper pin holes or the threaded holes on the upper and lower working surfaces are ensured to be on the circumference with the main shaft center as the center, and the machining position can also cover the taper pin hole or the threaded hole position on the upper working surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydropower equipment assembly, specifically a quick-change tooling and a hydropower station on-site drilling tooling kit using this quick-change tooling. Background Technology

[0002] The thrust head is typically made of cast steel and fixed to the shaft via a key connection, rotating synchronously with the shaft. Its structural design must meet requirements for high strength, wear resistance, and precise fit to ensure stability during the transmission of axial forces. In a hydroelectric turbine, the core function of the thrust head is to transmit the axial forces generated by the main shaft (such as rotor gravity and water flow thrust) to the thrust bearing mirror plate, while also participating in the axial positioning of the rotor to ensure stable unit operation.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN117329054A, published on January 2, 2024, discloses a "Method for Determining the Lifting Amount of the Brake Plate of the Rotor Reinstallation in a Large Axial-Flow Propeller Unit." It describes a method where the lower plane of the rotor coupling's lower flange mates with the upper plane of the generator main shaft's upper flange, the surface of the thrust head mates with the back of the mirror plate, and the lower plane of the rotor brake ring plate mates with the upper plane of the brake plate. The rotor coupling's lower flange, thrust head, and rotor are integrally cast. The rotor brake ring plate is fixed to the rotor. After the generator main shaft and mirror plate are positioned, the gap between the lower plane of the rotor coupling's lower flange and the upper plane of the generator main shaft's upper flange, and the gap between the surface of the thrust head and the back of the mirror plate, are maintained by adjusting the height of the brake plate. However, turbine parts are enormous and require high precision. Integrating the thrust head and rotor integrally into one piece is difficult and ineffective, and initial assembly and subsequent replacement are inconvenient. The commonly used method is still to cast the thrust head independently and then assemble and replace it on-site.

[0004] When assembling or replacing thrust heads at the hydropower station site, after the new thrust head is assembled with the rotor support and main shaft, tapered pin holes or threaded holes need to be drilled on-site for fixing with corresponding tapered pins or bolts. The thrust head has upper and lower working surfaces along its axis, corresponding to the upper and lower working surfaces of the rotor support, respectively. The tapered pin holes or threaded holes are located on these upper and lower working surfaces. Depending on the shape and dimensions of the thrust head and rotor support, the tapered pin holes on the lower working surface are relatively far from the outer wall of the thrust head, while those on the upper working surface are relatively close to the outer wall of the thrust head. Due to site constraints, large-scale processing equipment cannot be introduced at the construction site. If a manual drill bit is used, the positional accuracy of the taper pin hole cannot be guaranteed. If a radial drilling machine is used, although the positional accuracy of the taper pin hole can be guaranteed, the following problems still exist: 1. How to position the drilling machine for machining; 2. How to ensure that the positions of the taper pin holes or threaded holes on the upper and lower working surfaces are all on the circumference with the spindle axis as the center; 3. The position of the taper pin holes or threaded holes on the upper working surface may be difficult to machine due to the limited stroke of the radial drilling machine arm. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above problems, this invention provides a quick-change tooling that effectively solves the quick-change and positioning issues of radial drilling machines. It ensures that the positions of the tapered pin holes or threaded holes on both the upper and lower working surfaces are on a circle centered on the spindle axis, and also allows the machining position to cover the positions of the tapered pin holes or threaded holes on the upper working surface. Furthermore, this invention also provides a drilling tooling kit for hydropower stations that utilizes the aforementioned quick-change tooling.

[0006] To achieve the first objective of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A quick-change tooling, including a tooling main board, the tooling main board being provided with a spindle fixing hole for fixing to the upper end of the spindle and a drill fixing hole for fixing to a drill press;

[0007] The spindle mounting holes must be at least three that are not on the same straight line;

[0008] The drilling machine has at least two sets of fixed holes corresponding to different working positions, and each set has at least three holes that are not on the same straight line.

[0009] Preferably, the upper end face of the tooling motherboard is parallel to the radial direction of the spindle, and the shape of the lower end face is adapted to correspond to the shape of the upper end of the spindle.

[0010] Preferably, the main board of the tooling is a rigid material plate with uniform thickness and an elongated oval shape; there are four spindle fixing holes arranged at equal intervals on the circumference, and two sets of drilling machine fixing holes, each set having six holes. The drilling machine fixing holes in the same set are all located on the same circumference and are equally spaced; the centers of the circles containing the two sets of drilling machine fixing holes are the centers of the two circles of the elongated oval shape of the tooling main board.

[0011] To achieve the second objective of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a drilling tool kit for hydropower stations, including the quick-change tool as described above, and also including a radial drilling machine; the radial drilling machine is fixed on the quick-change tool through the corresponding set of drilling machine fixing holes according to the working position requirements.

[0012] Preferably, the radial drilling machine includes an extension rod that extends axially along the spindle.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a bearing housing fixing fixture that is sleeved on the extension rod and fixed to the thrust head or rotor support.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the bearing housing fixing fixture includes a double-ring bearing.

[0015] As a second preferred embodiment, the bearing housing fixing fixture includes a spherical ball bearing with a boss, a circular seat, and a set screw.

[0016] As a third preferred option, the bearing housing fixing fixture includes a universal joint coupling.

[0017] As a preferred option, a jack is also included; the jack is positioned between the thrust head or rotor bracket facing the working position and the tooling main board.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this solution are: it effectively solves the problem of rapid repositioning and positioning of radial drilling machines, while ensuring that the positions of the taper pin holes or threaded holes on the upper and lower working surfaces are all on the circumference with the spindle axis as the center, and also allowing the machining position to cover the positions of the taper pin holes or threaded holes on the upper working surface. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a top view of the quick-change tooling of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA section view;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the hydropower station on-site drilling tool kit at one work station.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the state of the hydropower station on-site drilling tool kit at another work position.

[0023] Among them: 01 quick-change tooling, 10 tooling main board, 11 spindle fixing hole, 12 drilling machine fixing hole, 02 spindle, 03 thrust head, 04 rotor bracket, 05 radial drilling machine, 51 hole opening tool, 52 extension rod, 53 bearing seat fixing tooling, 06 jack. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] Example 1 details a quick-change tooling for use in the assembly of hydroelectric equipment. Specifically, as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the core component of the quick-change tooling involved in this embodiment is the tooling main board 10. The tooling main board 10 is made of a steel plate with appropriate thickness and sufficient strength to ensure its stability and durability during use. At the same time, the top and bottom surfaces of the tooling main board 10 are finely machined to achieve a smooth and flat surface, thereby ensuring a tight and stable connection with the spindle and drilling machine.

[0027] On the main fixture 10, spindle mounting holes 11 and drill press mounting holes 12 are carefully designed. The main function of the spindle mounting holes 11 is to securely fix the main fixture 10 above the spindle 02. To ensure reliable fixing, there are generally no fewer than three spindle mounting holes 11, and these holes must be arranged to avoid being on the same straight line to form a stable support structure. Furthermore, the size and position of these spindle mounting holes 11 must precisely match the corresponding holes on the spindle 02 for fastening with bolts.

[0028] On the other hand, the drill press mounting holes 12 are used to securely fix the radial drilling machine 05 to the top surface of the tooling main board 10. Similarly, to ensure a stable connection, at least two sets of drill press mounting holes 12 should generally be provided, with each set containing no fewer than three mounting holes. The layout of these mounting holes should also avoid a straight line to provide stable support. At the same time, the size and position of the drill press mounting holes 12 must match the holes on the base of the radial drilling machine 05 to achieve a reliable fastening connection via bolts.

[0029] Example 1 is the most basic example of the quick-change tooling of this solution, and further optimization can be carried out based on this example.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] Example 2 illustrates another design scheme for a quick-change tooling. In this example, the main body of the quick-change tooling—the tooling motherboard 10—presents a typical elongated oval structure. This design helps to adapt to different processing requirements and spatial layouts.

[0032] Three virtual circles are cleverly designed on the tooling motherboard 10 to achieve a more flexible and precise fixing method. Among them, four drill machine fixing holes 12 are evenly distributed on the circumference of the virtual circle 1 (although not specifically shown in the figure, its position can be imagined from the description). These holes correspond to the four holes on the upper end face of the spindle 02, ensuring a stable connection between the tooling motherboard 10 and the spindle 02.

[0033] And virtual circle 2 ( Figure 1 (Clearly marked with a dashed line on the left) and virtual circle 3 ( Figure 1 On the circumference of the circle on the right side (also indicated by dashed lines), there are six equally spaced drilling machine fixing holes 12. The design of these two virtual circles is particularly crucial; they are both used to fix the base of the radial drilling machine 05 and correspond to different working positions of the radial drilling machine. Through this design, different positional compensations can be formed, effectively compensating for the positional limitations of the radial drilling machine 05's arm, thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of machining.

[0034] It is worth mentioning that the centers of virtual circles 2 and 3 are exactly the centers of the left and right circles of the oblong structure of the motherboard 10. This ingenious design not only ensures the symmetry of the fixture but also further enhances its stability and load-bearing capacity.

[0035] Same as Example 1.

[0036] Example 2, as a superior example of the rapid tooling changeover solution of this scheme, fully demonstrates its advantages and flexibility in practical applications. Of course, those skilled in the art can further optimize it based on specific needs and scenarios to better meet diverse processing requirements.

[0037] Example 3

[0038] Example 3 illustrates a drilling tooling kit specifically designed for hydropower station sites. This kit cleverly utilizes the quick-change tooling 01 mentioned in Example 2. This hydropower station site drilling tooling kit not only includes the quick-change tooling 01 but also features a radial drilling machine 05 and a drilling cutter 51. This combination provides an efficient and precise solution for drilling operations at hydropower station sites.

[0039] In practical applications, the quick-change fixture 01 is securely fixed to the upper end face of the spindle 02 with bolts. Since the upper end face of the spindle 02 is designed to extend radially, once the quick-change fixture 01 is installed, the upper end face of the fixture main plate 10 naturally extends radially along the spindle 02 as well, providing a stable platform for subsequent drilling operations. The radial drilling machine 05 is precisely fixed to the upper end face of the fixture main plate 10 with bolts. This layout ensures that the rotation axis of the radial drilling machine 05 remains parallel to the axis of the spindle 02, providing precise directional control for drilling operations.

[0040] Based on this, drilling operations can be easily performed on key components such as the thrust head 03 and rotor support 04 simply by installing a hole-opening cutter 51 at the lower end of the rotating shaft of the radial drilling machine 05. This design not only ensures the accuracy of the hole position but also makes the hole shaft meet standard requirements, improving the quality and efficiency of drilling operations. In addition, if it is necessary to drill several holes on the same circumference, this can be easily achieved by rotating the fixed hole position of the tooling main board 10 or the fixed hole position of the radial drilling machine 05 along the circumferential direction of the preset virtual circle on the tooling main board 10, further enhancing the flexibility and convenience of drilling operations.

[0041] Same as Example 2.

[0042] Example 4

[0043] Example 4 illustrates a drilling fixture kit that is further optimized based on Example 3. In practical applications, since the locations requiring drilling are often below the working surface of the radial drilling machine 05, it is difficult for a standard-length hole cutter 51 to reach these locations, thus causing inconvenience to the drilling operation. Therefore, this example specifically equips the radial drilling machine 05 with an extension rod 52.

[0044] The extension rod 52 is ingeniously and practically designed. Its upper end is tightly connected to the output end of the gearbox of the radial drilling machine 05, while the lower end is fitted with the drilling tool 51. The length of the extension rod 52 can be customized according to actual operational needs to ensure that it can reach the required drilling position. Through this design, the working depth of the radial drilling machine 05 is effectively extended, making previously hard-to-reach drilling positions readily accessible. Specific views of this embodiment can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3 As shown, the connection method and working principle between the extension rod 52, the radial drilling machine 05, and the hole-opening tool 51 can be clearly seen.

[0045] Same as Example 3.

[0046] Example 5

[0047] Example 5 is a more detailed optimization based on Example 4. After introducing the extension rod 52 to extend the working depth, a new problem arises: due to the increase of the extension rod 52, the radial runout of the output end of the radial drilling machine 05 gearbox is amplified, which directly affects the working stability of the hole-opening tool 51 and may cause deviation in the drilling position.

[0048] To solve this problem, this solution adds a bearing housing fixing fixture 53 above the drilling location. Specifically, there are several feasible options:

[0049] Option 1 employs a double-ring bearing design. The inner ring is tightly fitted onto the extension rod 52, ensuring that only axial movement is allowed between the two, while radial movement is prohibited. The outer ring is welded and fixed to the rotor bracket 04 at the drilling location via a temporary support, thereby effectively limiting the radial runout of the lower end of the extension rod 52 and ensuring the stable operation of the drilling cutter 51.

[0050] Option 2: Select a spherical ball bearing with a round seat and set screw (GB / T7810). This bearing has a unique structural design and can also be fixed on the aforementioned bracket. The usage method is similar to Option 1, and it can also achieve the effect of limiting radial runout and keeping the hole-opening tool 51 stable.

[0051] Option 3: Use a universal joint coupling. This type of coupling can transmit only torque without affecting the radial position of the lower section, thus ensuring the radial position of the drilling tool 51 remains stable during rotational drilling and guaranteeing accurate hole positioning.

[0052] Of course, there are many similar options, and those skilled in the art can choose the most suitable solution based on actual needs and site conditions. But no matter which solution is chosen, the goal is the same: to fully transmit the torque from the reducer of the radial drilling machine 05 so that the hole-opening cutter 51 can rotate smoothly to open the hole, while maintaining the radial position stability of the hole-opening cutter 51, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the drilling position.

[0053] Same as Example 4.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] Based on the improvements of Example 5, Example 6 further introduces jack 06 as an important auxiliary accessory to meet the needs of specific working positions.

[0056] like Figure 3 The image shows the working state of machining holes on the lower working surface of the thrust head 03. In this case, the holes on the lower working surface of the thrust head 03 are relatively far from its outer wall, and the extension range of the radial arm of the radial drilling machine 05 can easily cover the position to be drilled, so the drilling operation can be completed without additional adjustments.

[0057] However, as Figure 4 As shown, the situation is different when it is necessary to machine holes on the upper working surface of the thrust head 03. The holes on the upper working surface of the thrust head 03 are very close to its outer wall. If the radial drilling machine 05 remains in... Figure 3 As shown in the installation position, even with the rocker arm retracted to its shortest length, it cannot cover the location to be drilled. In this case, to ensure smooth drilling operations, the rocker arm drill 05 needs to be removed and re-fixed to the fixed position on the right side of the virtual circle on the main board 10, thus achieving position compensation. In this way, the rocker arm can successfully cover the location to be drilled, i.e. Figure 4 The position of the upper working face on the left side of the thrust head 03.

[0058] However, fixing the radial drilling machine 05 to the right side of the tooling mainboard 10 will cause the center of gravity of the radial drilling machine 05 to shift to the right, thus affecting its stability. To solve this problem, a jack 06 can be placed between the rotor bracket 04 on the right side and the tooling mainboard 10 to provide stable support. In actual operation, the jack 06 can also be temporarily welded here and removed after the operation is completed.

[0059] Same as Example 5.

[0060] The general operating steps of this embodiment are as follows:

[0061] 1. Fix the tooling motherboard 10 to the upper end face of the spindle 02, with the right side of the tooling motherboard 10 significantly protruding from the right side of the upper end face of the spindle 02;

[0062] 2. Fix the radial drilling machine 05 to the left working position of the tooling main board 10, and at the same time make the radial arm extend in the direction of the hole to be drilled, i.e., the right side.

[0063] 3. Weld a fixed bracket at the location to be drilled on the lower working surface of the rotor bracket 04, and fix the bearing seat fixing fixture 53 on the bracket;

[0064] IV. Install the extension rod 52 and the hole-opening cutter 51 on the radial drilling machine 05, and install them with the bearing housing fixing fixture 53;

[0065] 5. Drilling operations will be carried out at the proposed drilling locations on the lower working face of thrust head 03;

[0066] 6. Rotate the fixed tooling main board 10 or radial drilling machine 05 sequentially along the holes on the circumference to complete the drilling operation of the lower working surface of all thrust heads 03;

[0067] 7. Remove the temporary welded bracket, bearing seat fixing fixture 53, extension rod 52, hole punch 51 and radial drilling machine 05 body, and then fix the radial drilling machine 05 body to the right working position of the fixture main board 10, while making the radial arm extend in the direction of the hole to be drilled, i.e., the left side.

[0068] 8. Weld a fixed bracket on the upper working surface of rotor bracket 04 at the location corresponding to the intended drilling position, and fix the bearing seat fixing fixture 53 on the bracket;

[0069] 9. Install the extension rod 52 and the hole-opening cutter 51 on the radial drilling machine 05, and install them with the bearing housing fixing fixture 53;

[0070] 10. Drilling operations shall be carried out at the proposed drilling locations on the upper working face of thrust head 03;

[0071] 11. Rotate the fixed tooling main board 10 or radial drilling machine 05 sequentially along the holes on the circumference to complete the drilling operation on the upper working surface of all thrust heads 03.

[0072] The advantages of this solution are: 1. It can effectively solve the problem of rapid repositioning and positioning of radial drilling machines, meeting the operational constraints of hydropower station sites; 2. It can ensure that the positions of the tapered pin holes or threaded holes on the upper and lower working surfaces are all on the circumference with the spindle axis as the center; 3. It can ensure that the hole axis of each opening is parallel to the spindle axis; 4. By providing position compensation, the machining position can cover the opening position on the upper working surface; 5. It is easy to install, flexible to operate, widely applicable, requires fewer personnel, and has low manufacturing costs, which can significantly save time, space, and human resources.

Claims

1. A quick-change tooling, comprising a tooling motherboard (10), characterized in that, The tooling main board (10) is provided with a spindle fixing hole (11) for fixing to the upper end of the spindle (02) and a drill fixing hole (12) for fixing to the drill. The spindle fixing holes (11) shall be at least three that are not on the same straight line; The drilling machine fixing holes (12) are at least two sets corresponding to different working positions, and each set consists of at least three holes that are not on the same straight line.

2. The quick-change tooling according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end face of the tooling motherboard (10) is parallel to the radial direction of the spindle (02), and the shape of the lower end face is adapted to correspond to the shape of the upper end of the spindle (02).

3. The quick-change tooling according to claim 2, characterized in that, The tooling main board (10) is a rigid material plate with uniform thickness and an elongated oval shape; the spindle fixing holes (11) are four holes evenly spaced on the circumference, and the drill fixing holes (12) are in two groups, with six holes in each group. The drill fixing holes (12) in the same group are all located on the same circumference and are evenly spaced; the center of the circles where the two groups of drill fixing holes (12) are located are the centers of the two circles of the elongated oval shape of the tooling main board (10).

4. A tooling kit for on-site drilling at a hydropower station, characterized in that, It includes the quick-change tooling (01) as described in claim 1, and also includes a radial drilling machine (05); the radial drilling machine (05) is fixed on the quick-change tooling (01) through the corresponding set of drilling machine fixing holes (12) according to the working position.

5. The on-site drilling tooling kit for a hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The radial drilling machine (05) includes an extension rod (52) that extends axially along the spindle (02).

6. The on-site drilling tooling kit for a hydropower station according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a bearing housing fixing fixture (53) that is sleeved on the extension rod (52) and fixed to the thrust head (03) or rotor support (04).

7. The on-site drilling tooling kit for a hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bearing housing fixing fixture (53) includes a double-ring bearing.

8. The on-site drilling tooling kit for a hydropower station according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bearing housing fixing fixture (53) includes a spherical ball bearing with a boss, round seat, and set screw.

9. A hydropower station on-site drilling tooling kit according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bearing housing fixing fixture (53) includes a universal joint coupling.

10. A hydropower station on-site drilling tooling kit according to claim 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, characterized in that, It also includes a jack (06); the jack (06) is supported between the thrust head (03) or rotor bracket (04) facing each other at the working position and the tooling main board (10).

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