Water-rich cutting slope retaining structure
By setting up arched frame slope protection, ecological substrate spraying and planting grass and shrubs, and filter drainage channels on the slope of the water-rich road cut, the problem of poor slope stability in water-rich areas was solved, achieving multi-dimensional drainage and anti-sliding effects, and protecting the stability of the slope and the ecological environment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CCFEB CIVIL ENG
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In water-rich areas, the stability of cutting slopes is difficult to guarantee, especially during the rainy season when the groundwater level is higher than the roadbed surface, leading to landslides and soil erosion, which affects the stability of railway operations and infrastructure.
The retaining wall structure adopts an arched frame slope protection, ecological substrate spraying and grass planting, and filter drainage channels. By setting up inclined drainage holes, side ditch platforms and open ditches, multi-dimensional drainage is achieved, which enhances the slope's resistance to sliding and prevents landslides and soil erosion.
It improved slope stability, reduced soil erosion, protected the ecological environment, and ensured the safety and operational stability of the roadbed.
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Figure CN224325796U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of road cut slope construction technology, and in particular, to a retaining structure for water-rich road cut slopes. Background Technology
[0002] The information provided in this section is for the purpose of generally presenting the background of this application. To the extent described in this section, the work of the currently named inventors and aspects of the description that may not constitute prior art at the time of filing are neither explicitly nor implicitly considered to be prior art of this application.
[0003] With the continuous advancement of infrastructure construction, such as road and rail construction, it has become a top priority. During the construction process, problems of slope excavation and support are frequently encountered, especially in water-rich areas, where the stability of road cut slopes is even more critical.
[0004] With the increasing prevalence of railways, in countries and regions with high rainfall, long rainy seasons, and wide rainfall areas, the construction of roadbeds often involves high slopes and high embankments, resulting in large volumes of excavation and filling. During the rainy season, water levels in some water-rich cutting sections can rise 0.2–3.3 meters above the roadbed surface. Therefore, various protective measures are crucial to ensure roadbed quality and slope stability. Field surveys have revealed that, under the same hydrogeological conditions, some existing railway cutting slopes in certain areas have experienced multiple landslides, track deformation, and even temporary rerouting after railway completion, impacting traffic operations and causing significant economic losses. Therefore, ensuring the stability of cutting slopes and the rapid and smooth drainage of the roadbed has become an important research direction in the industry.
[0005] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this application, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content
[0006] In view of at least one of the above technical problems, this application provides a retaining structure for water-rich road cut slopes. By setting up arched frame slope protection, ecological substrate spraying and planting grass and shrubs, and retaining walls with filter drainage channels, the anti-sliding resistance on the potential fracture surface of the slope soil can be effectively increased, the sliding tendency of the slope can be prevented, and the stability of the slope can be improved.
[0007] According to one aspect of this application, a retaining structure for a water-rich roadbed slope is provided, comprising a roadbed slope protection module, a roadbed subgrade module, and a groundwater roadbed treatment and surface drainage module:
[0008] The roadbed slope protection module includes slope protection components and inclined drainage holes for opening on the roadbed slope. The roadbed slope is stepped. The slope protection components include an arched frame laid on the roadbed slope. The arched frame is used to install hydroseeding shrubs to protect the roadbed slope.
[0009] The roadbed subgrade module includes a subgrade surface layer and a subgrade bottom layer located below the subgrade surface layer. The subgrade bottom layer is covered with AB group filler to improve the bearing capacity of the subgrade bottom layer.
[0010] The underground water cut treatment and surface drainage module includes an open ditch, with side ditch platforms on both sides of the open ditch, and side ditches inside the side ditch platforms. Drainage holes are opened on both sides of the open ditch. A retaining wall is set outside the open ditch to prevent shallow landslides of the roadbed slope. A filter drainage component is set inside the retaining wall to filter and drain the water accumulated at the retaining wall.
[0011] In some embodiments of this application, the filtration and drainage assembly inside the retaining wall includes a first reverse filter layer and a drain pipe. The first reverse filter layer is laid along the height and back of the retaining wall, and the drain pipe is arranged at intervals inside the retaining wall.
[0012] In some embodiments of this application, the first filter layer includes a medium-coarse sand layer for water permeability filtration; the drain pipe is arranged at an angle and the angle between the drain pipe and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.
[0013] In some embodiments of this application, the elevation angle of the inclined drainage hole is 5 to 15°, an inclined drainage pipe is provided inside the inclined drainage hole, a through hole is opened on the outer wall of the inclined drainage pipe, and the outer wall of the inclined drainage pipe is wrapped with permeable geotextile.
[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the slope of the outer wall of the open ditch is 1:1, the slope of the inner wall of the open ditch is 1:1.5, and a second reverse filter layer is provided under the open ditch.
[0015] In some embodiments of this application, the outer wall of the open ditch is provided with drainage holes arranged below the road shoulder, and the inner wall of the open ditch is provided with multiple layers of drainage holes arranged below the road shoulder.
[0016] In some embodiments of this application, the slope of the side ditch is 1:0.75, and multiple drainage pipes are provided on both sides of the side ditch.
[0017] In some embodiments of this application, the slope protection component further includes an edging and a mortar-grouted rubble masonry toe protection disposed on the roadbed slope, with the edging disposed above the arched frame and the mortar-grouted rubble masonry toe protection disposed below the arched frame.
[0018] In some embodiments of this application, the retaining structure for the water-rich roadbed slope also includes expansion joints that are longitudinally spaced on the roadbed slope. The expansion joints are used to accommodate the overall deformation of the roadbed slope, and the expansion joints are filled with asphalt hemp rope.
[0019] In some embodiments of this application, the main frame of the arched frame is trough-shaped and a water-retaining edge is provided on the main frame. The supporting frame of the arched frame is arch-shaped. Drainage ditches are provided on both sides of the roadbed slope. A drainage channel is provided on the main frame of the arched frame. The drainage channel is used to introduce water in the main frame into the drainage ditches on both sides of the roadbed slope.
[0020] This application has the following beneficial effects:
[0021] This application describes a retaining structure for the slope of a water-rich roadbed cut. It protects the roadbed slope using slope protection components within a roadbed slope protection module. Specifically, this includes installing an arched frame on the roadbed slope, with hydroseeding of grass and shrubs within the frame for protection. The roadbed slope is designed as a stepped slope, allowing for timely drainage through inclined drainage holes at the toe. Furthermore, side ditch platforms and ditches are installed on both sides of the open ditch in the groundwater cutting treatment and surface drainage module, achieving multiple drainage effects. The side ditches can be deepened according to site conditions to reduce groundwater levels. Drainage holes on both sides of the open ditch further enhance drainage performance. A retaining wall is also installed outside the open ditch to prevent shallow landslides on the roadbed slope. This multi-dimensional, multi-layered retaining protection effectively increases the resistance to sliding on the potential fracture surface of the slope soil, preventing slope slippage and improving slope stability. The retaining structure also helps protect the vegetation on the slope surface, further preventing soil erosion and contributing to ecological protection.
[0022] This application is particularly applicable to water-rich areas, where the action of groundwater can reduce soil strength. This application can resist the additional sliding force caused by groundwater. Furthermore, by maintaining slope stability, it reduces soil erosion caused by slope instability. In the construction of groundwater-resistant roadbed treatment and surface drainage modules, this application, through the installation of inclined drainage holes, side ditch platforms, and open ditches, can promptly drain groundwater from the slope, lower the groundwater level, and reduce the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressures of groundwater on the slope's soil and rock, thereby effectively controlling the adverse effects of groundwater on slope stability.
[0023] Of course, any product implementing this application does not necessarily need to achieve all the advantages described above simultaneously. In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, this application also has other purposes, features, and advantages. The application will be further described in detail below with reference to figures. Attached Figure Description
[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:
[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an arched frame slope protection in a soil cutting section according to a preferred embodiment of this application;
[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Section I-I in the middle;
[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Section II-II in the middle;
[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Section III-III in the middle;
[0029] Figure 5 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the drain hole in a preferred embodiment of this application;
[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the inclined drainage hole in a preferred embodiment of this application;
[0031] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the inclined drainage hole according to a preferred embodiment of this application;
[0032] Figure 8 This is a detailed drawing of the inclined drainage hole according to a preferred embodiment of this application;
[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the soil cut slope ecological substrate spraying and grass planting slope protection in this application;
[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an open ditch drainage system in an underground waterway according to a preferred embodiment of this application;
[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining wall structure according to a preferred embodiment of this application.
[0036] Legend: 1. Open ditch; 2. Slope protection components; 3. Hydroseeding with grass and shrubs; 4. Retaining wall; 41. First filter layer; 42. Rammed clay; 43. Drainage pipe; 5. Anchor bolt; 6. Inclined drainage hole; 7. Second filter layer; 8. Drainage hole; 9. Subgrade surface layer; 10. Subgrade bottom layer; 11. Edging; 12. Roadbed slope; 13. Arch frame; 14. Mortar-grouted rubble masonry toe protection; 15. Side ditch platform; 16. Drainage borehole; 17. Slope line; 18. Inclined drainage pipe; 19. Filler; 20. Precast concrete; 21. Edging top line; 22. Expansion joint; 23. Arch frame top line; 24. Arch frame bottom line; 25. Step; 26. Water-retaining edge; 27. Drainage trough; 28. Mortar-grouted rubble masonry; 29. Toe wall. Detailed Implementation
[0037] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings; however, this application may be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered below.
[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an arched frame slope protection in a soil cutting section according to a preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arched frame slope protection section I-I in the soil cutting section of the preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the arched frame slope protection II-II in the soil cutting section of the preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the arched frame slope protection Ⅲ-Ⅲ in the soil cutting section of the preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a detailed schematic diagram of the drain hole in a preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the location of the inclined drainage hole in a preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the inclined drainage hole according to a preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 8 This is a detailed drawing of the inclined drainage hole according to a preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the soil cut slope ecological substrate spraying and grass planting slope protection in this application; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of an open ditch drainage system in an underground waterway according to a preferred embodiment of this application; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the retaining wall structure according to a preferred embodiment of this application.
[0039] A retaining structure for a water-rich roadbed slope, characterized in that it comprises a roadbed slope protection module, a roadbed subgrade module, and a groundwater treatment and surface drainage module:
[0040] The roadbed slope protection module includes a slope protection component 2 and an inclined drainage hole 6 for opening on the roadbed slope 12. The roadbed slope 12 is stepped. The slope protection component 2 includes an arched frame 13 laid on the roadbed slope 12. The arched frame 13 is used to install sprayed grass shrubs 3 to protect the roadbed slope 12.
[0041] The roadbed subgrade module includes a subgrade surface layer 9 and a subgrade bottom layer 10 located below the subgrade surface layer 9. The subgrade bottom layer 10 is layered with AB group fillers to improve the bearing capacity of the subgrade bottom layer 10.
[0042] The underground water cut treatment and surface drainage module includes an open ditch 1, with side ditch platforms 15 on both sides of the open ditch 1, and side ditches inside the side ditch platforms 15. Drainage holes 8 are opened on both sides of the open ditch 1. A retaining wall 4 is set outside the open ditch 1 to prevent shallow landslides of the roadbed slope 12. A filter and drainage component is set inside the retaining wall 4 to filter and drain the water accumulated at the retaining wall 4.
[0043] Here, "AB group filler" refers to a common foundation reinforcement method in roadbed construction, mainly used to improve the bearing capacity and stability of the foundation. Group A filler is high-quality filler, and Group B filler is good filler. In some embodiments, Group A filler includes at least one of hard rock, pebble soil, gravel, coarse sand, and crushed stone soil, with a fine-grained soil content of less than 15%; Group B filler includes at least one of poorly graded crushed stone soil, gravel, and sand, with a fine-grained soil content between 15% and 30%. It should be noted that in this application, the roadbed subgrade is divided into a surface layer 9 and a bottom layer 10. In some embodiments, the surface layer 9 uses Group A filler from gravel and crushed stone or Group B filler from gravel, crushed stone, and sandy soil, with a maximum particle size of not more than 100 mm and a compaction coefficient of not less than 0.95; the bottom layer 10 uses Group A and Group B filler from gravel, crushed stone, and sandy soil, with a maximum particle size of not more than 200 mm and a compaction coefficient of not less than 0.93.
[0044] It should be noted that when the subgrade of the road cut is composed of easily weathered soft rock and fine-grained soil, medium-coarse sand is laid on the top surface of the bottom layer 10 of the subgrade, and a composite geomembrane is placed in the middle of the medium-coarse sand. The other surface layers 9 of the subgrade are not treated.
[0045] In some embodiments, the roadbed slope 12 adopts a stepped form. Depending on the site land acquisition situation, the slope can be gradually reduced to enhance its stability. The height range of each step is 6m to 10m, and a slope platform of 3m to 5m is provided. The first-level slope is protected by an arched frame 13. Dry-laid rubble is embedded in the first row of arched frames 13. Two rows of inclined drainage holes 6 with a longitudinal and transverse spacing of 3m are provided 1m above the toe of the roadbed slope 12 to drain groundwater. After the arched frame 13 is cured, it is planted with hydroseeding grass shrubs 3 to carry out ecological substrate hydroseeding.
[0046] It should be noted that, except for the first-level slope, the other levels of the stepped roadbed slope 12 are protected using either a framework or an ecological substrate of hydroseeded grass and shrubs 3, depending on the circumstances. Specifically, soil road cut slopes and rock road cut slopes require separate protection measures. Rock road cut slopes can fully utilize the anchoring performance of the rock mass and are protected using anchor bolts 5 frame beams + ecological substrate hydroseeded grass and shrubs 3. For soil road cut slopes, an arched framework 13 for slope protection + hydroseeded grass and shrubs 3 is more suitable, so as to achieve site-specific construction, effectively control costs, and ensure protection effectiveness.
[0047] This application protects the roadbed slope 12 using the slope protection component 2 of the roadbed slope protection module. Specifically, it includes installing an arched frame 13 on the roadbed slope 12, and using hydroseeding shrubs 3 within the arched frame 13 to protect the roadbed slope 12. Simultaneously, by designing the roadbed slope 12 as a stepped slope, inclined drainage holes 6 can be arranged and opened at the toe of the roadbed slope 12 for timely drainage. Furthermore, by setting side ditch platforms 15 and side ditches on both sides of the open ditch 1 of the groundwater cutting treatment and surface drainage module, multiple drainage effects are achieved. The side ditches can be configured according to… The ditch is deepened to reduce groundwater levels, and drainage holes 8 are opened on both sides of the open ditch 1 to further increase drainage performance. A retaining wall 4 is also installed on the outside of the open ditch 1 to prevent shallow landslides on the roadbed slope 12. This achieves multi-dimensional and multi-layered support and protection, effectively increasing the anti-sliding resistance on the potential fracture surface of the slope soil, preventing the slope from sliding, and thus improving slope stability. Simultaneously, the presence of the support structure also helps protect the vegetation on the slope surface, further preventing soil erosion and contributing to ecological environment protection. In water-rich areas, the action of groundwater reduces soil strength, but this application can resist the additional sliding force caused by groundwater. Furthermore, by maintaining slope stability, it reduces soil erosion caused by slope instability. In the construction of groundwater cutting treatment and surface drainage modules, this application can promptly drain groundwater from the slope by setting up inclined drainage holes 6, side ditch platforms 15 and open ditches 1, thereby lowering the groundwater level and reducing the hydrostatic and hydrodynamic pressure of groundwater on the slope rock and soil, thus effectively controlling the adverse effects of groundwater on slope stability.
[0048] Preferably, please refer to Figure 11 As shown, the filtration and drainage assembly within the retaining wall 4 includes a first reverse filter layer 41 and drainage pipes 43. The first reverse filter layer 41 is laid along the height and back of the retaining wall 4, and the drainage pipes 43 are spaced apart within the retaining wall 4. In this preferred embodiment, the first reverse filter layer 41 includes a medium-coarse sand layer for water permeability filtration; the drainage pipes 43 are arranged at an angle and the angle between the drainage pipes 43 and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.
[0049] Understandably, retaining wall 4 can prevent shallow slope collapse. Retaining wall 4 is constructed using M10 mortar-grouted rubble masonry or rubble concrete, and a highly permeable medium-coarse sand filter layer 41 is used along the wall height and back of the wall as the first filter layer to achieve filtration and efficient water permeability. In some embodiments, drainage pipes 43 are installed every 2m along the length of retaining wall 4. The drainage pipes 43 are arranged at an angle to facilitate smoother drainage and allow water to drain quickly under gravity. The drainage pipes 43 are made of PVC material with a 100mm diameter hole. The mortar around the hole must be compacted, and clay 42 is compacted around the opening of the drainage pipe 43 to ensure its stability and extend its service life.
[0050] In some embodiments, retaining walls 4 are installed on the outside of the open ditch 1 in sections where the height of the roadbed slope 12 is greater than a set value. Specifically, in sections where the height of the roadbed slope 12 is greater than 6m, retaining walls 4 with a height of 3 to 4m are installed on the outside of the open ditch 1 to prevent shallow slope collapse.
[0051] Preferably, please refer to Figure 6 , 7 As shown in Figure 8, the elevation angle of the inclined drainage hole 6 is 5 to 15°. An inclined drainage pipe 18 is provided inside the inclined drainage hole 6. A through hole is opened on the outer wall of the inclined drainage pipe 18, and the outer wall of the inclined drainage pipe 18 is wrapped with permeable geotextile.
[0052] Multiple rows of inclined drainage holes 6 are drilled at the toe of the roadbed slope 12 to effectively drain groundwater. These inclined drainage holes 6 are drilled at an angle of 5–15° to the horizontal plane, forming an acute angle with the slope line 17 of the roadbed slope 12. This facilitates smoother drainage under gravity. Inclined drainage pipes 18 are installed within the drainage holes 16, wrapped with permeable geotextile, and perforated on the outside. The openings of the drainage holes 16 are filled with a filter material 19, such as medium-coarse sand, to prevent mud and sand from entering the pipes and to prevent blockages, ensuring the long-term drainage performance of the inclined drainage holes 6.
[0053] Optionally, the inclined drainage pipe 18 is made of plastic perforated pipe, and the protrusions on the outer wall of the plastic perforated pipe support the permeable geotextile, so that there is a certain gap between the permeable geotextile and the outer wall of the plastic perforated pipe to improve the permeability.
[0054] In some embodiments, when constructing the inclined drainage hole 6, in order to prevent groundwater from flowing out of the hole and gradually eroding the slope near the hole opening, and to increase the aesthetic appearance of the slope and facilitate the construction of slope protection, a hole opening pipe is installed in the borehole within a range of 500-1000mm from the hole opening of the inclined drainage hole 6. A white UPVC plastic pipe with a diameter slightly larger than that of the permeable pipe is used. The hole opening pipe is fixed by filling the gap between the hole opening pipe and the wall of the drainage borehole 16 with cement mortar.
[0055] Preferably, please refer to Figure 3-10 As shown, the outer wall slope of open ditch 1 is 1:1, the inner wall slope of open ditch 1 is 1:1.5, and a second reverse filter layer 7 is installed under open ditch 1.
[0056] Understandably, open ditch 1 can be connected to the nearby municipal pipe network. A sedimentation well is added at the point where open ditch 1 meets the municipal pipe network to achieve sedimentation and filtration, reducing the impact of silt on the municipal pipe network. The second filter layer 7 consists of a thick, medium-coarse sand layer sandwiched with non-woven geotextile. PVC pipes can be installed in the drainage holes 8 on both sides of open ditch 1. The inlets of the PVC pipes are wrapped with geotextile to reduce the risk of clogging and ensure the long-term continuous and normal operation of the drainage holes 8.
[0057] In some embodiments, the open ditch 1 is constructed using M10 mortar-grouted rubble masonry, and the height of the top of the open ditch 1 from the road shoulder is not less than 1.2m, so that the open ditch 1 has sufficient drainage capacity.
[0058] In this preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 3-10 As shown, the outer wall of the open ditch 1 is provided with drainage holes 8 arranged below the road shoulder, and the inner wall of the open ditch 1 is provided with multiple layers of drainage holes 8 arranged below the road shoulder.
[0059] It is understandable that the different slopes of the outer and inner walls of the open ditch 1 result in different heights of the walls on both sides. Therefore, different numbers of drainage holes 8 are arranged accordingly to meet different drainage needs, achieve intensive construction, and avoid insufficient structural strength caused by too many holes.
[0060] In some embodiments, three rows of drainage holes 8 are provided on the inner wall of the open ditch 1 at 1.8m below the shoulder (0.2m above the bottom of the open ditch 1), 1.3m below the shoulder (bottom surface of the subgrade layer 10), and 0.6m below the shoulder (top surface of the subgrade layer 10). One row of drainage holes 8 is provided on the outer wall of the open ditch 1 at 1.8m below the shoulder (0.2m above the bottom of the open ditch 1). This can ensure the drainage performance on both sides of the open ditch 1 while minimizing the workload of constructing the drainage holes 8.
[0061] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the slope of the side ditch is 1:0.75, and multiple drainage pipes are installed on both sides of the side ditch.
[0062] Understandably, the side ditch can be deepened according to the actual site conditions to reduce groundwater levels. In some embodiments, the side ditch is 0.4m thick with a slope of 1:0.75. Two layers of drainage pipes with a diameter of 0.1m are installed on both sides of the side ditch, located 0.55m and 1.20m below the top surface of the ditch, respectively. This effectively provides multiple drainage functions and ensures the drainage effect.
[0063] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1As shown, the slope protection component 2 also includes an edging 11 and a masonry toe protection 14 installed on the roadbed slope 12. The edging 11 is installed above the arched frame 13, and the masonry toe protection 14 is installed below the arched frame 13.
[0064] In this preferred embodiment, the retaining structure for the water-rich roadbed slope also includes expansion joints 22 that are longitudinally spaced on the roadbed slope 12. The expansion joints 22 are used to accommodate the overall deformation of the roadbed slope 12, and the expansion joints 22 are filled with asphalt hemp rope.
[0065] It is understandable that expansion joints 22 can improve the overall ductility of the roadbed slope 12, accommodate structural deformation, disperse stress, and improve the overall seismic performance. Filling the expansion joints 22 with asphalt-impregnated hemp rope provides good waterproofing and can accommodate minor deformations. This application strengthens the overall strength of the roadbed slope 12 by constructing a masonry toe 14 below the arched frame 13 and an edging 11 above the arched frame 13. The top line 21 of the edging 11 is higher than the top line 23 of the arched frame. Additionally, steps 25 are spaced out on the roadbed slope 12 to facilitate future maintenance and construction.
[0066] Preferably, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, the main frame of the arched frame 13 is trough-shaped and a water-blocking edge 26 is provided on the main frame. The supporting frame of the arched frame 13 is arch-shaped. Drainage ditches are provided on both sides of the roadbed slope 12. A drainage channel 27 is provided on the main frame of the arched frame 13. The drainage channel 27 is used to introduce water in the main frame into the drainage ditches on both sides of the roadbed slope 12.
[0067] Understandably, water within the main frame of the arched frame 13 is introduced into the drainage ditches on both sides of the roadbed through the extended drainage channel 27 of the main frame. This effectively drains the water from the arched frame 13, reducing the impact on the hydroseeded grass and shrubs 3 within the arched frame 13 and minimizing soil erosion. It should be noted that the main frame is grooved, possessing a certain capacity for water storage and preventing soil erosion. Furthermore, the main and supporting frames of the arched frame 13 are constructed using mortar-grouted rubble masonry 28, and the water-retaining edges 26 are made of precast concrete 20. Specifically, the water-retaining edges 26 are constructed on both sides of the drainage channel 27 using M10 cement mortar, providing a stable water-retaining and drainage function.
[0068] In some embodiments, the construction sequence of the arched frame 13 slope protection is as follows: arranging the frame position → slotting → constructing the foundation → building the main and supporting frame nodes → building the main frame → building the top of the supporting frame → building the supporting frame → building the edging 11.
[0069] It should be noted that soil road cut slopes and rock road cut slopes require separate protection measures. Rock road cut slopes can fully utilize the anchoring performance of the rock mass and are protected by using anchor bolts (5 frame beams) + ecological substrate hydroseeding and shrub planting (3). For soil road cut slopes, arched frame slope protection (13) + ecological substrate hydroseeding and shrub planting (3) is more suitable.
[0070] For roadbed slopes 12, which are soil slopes with a height greater than 10m or soil slopes with poor lithology, protection is provided using a toe wall foundation, mortar-grouted slab toe protection 14, an arched frame 13 with a water-retaining edge 26, and edging 11. The arched frame 13 is protected with hydroseeded grass shrubs 3 using ecological substrates. The toe wall, mortar-grouted slab toe protection 14, and edging 11 are all constructed using M10 mortar-grouted slabs. The arched frame 13 is 0.5m thick and constructed using M10 mortar-grouted slabs. The water-retaining edge 26 is precast using C25 concrete. The frame beams are cast using C30 reinforced concrete. A drainage ditch is installed on the platform of the roadbed slope 12, and the drainage ditch is constructed using M10 mortar-grouted rubble masonry. Other soil cut slopes are protected using toe protection, hydroseeded grass shrubs 3 using ecological substrates, and edging 11. This allows for the adaptation to local conditions and the rational use of resources, effectively ensuring the stability of the cut slopes and roadbed, and laying a solid foundation for subsequent safe construction.
[0071] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0072] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The examples are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that due to the limitations of written expression, and the existence of an infinite number of specific structures, those skilled in the art can make various improvements, modifications, or variations without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered as protected by this application.
Claims
1. A retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope, characterized in that, Includes roadbed slope protection modules, cut subgrade base modules, groundwater cut treatment and surface drainage modules: The roadbed slope protection module includes a slope protection component (2) and an inclined drainage hole (6) for opening on the roadbed slope (12). The roadbed slope (12) is stepped. The slope protection component (2) includes an arched frame (13) laid on the roadbed slope (12). The arched frame (13) is used to install sprayed grass shrubs (3) to protect the roadbed slope (12). The roadbed subgrade module includes a subgrade surface layer (9) and a subgrade bottom layer (10) located below the subgrade surface layer (9). The subgrade bottom layer (10) is layered with AB group filler to improve the bearing capacity of the subgrade bottom layer (10). The underground water cut treatment and surface drainage module includes an open ditch (1), with side ditch platforms (15) set on both sides of the open ditch (1), and side ditches set inside the side ditch platforms (15). Drainage holes (8) are opened on both sides of the open ditch (1). A retaining wall (4) is set outside the open ditch (1) to prevent shallow collapse of the roadbed slope (12). A filter drainage component is set inside the retaining wall (4) to filter and drain the water accumulated at the retaining wall (4).
2. The retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter and drainage assembly inside the retaining wall (4) includes a first reverse filter layer (41) and a drain pipe (43). The first reverse filter layer (41) is laid along the wall height and back of the retaining wall (4), and the drain pipe (43) is arranged at intervals inside the retaining wall (4).
3. The retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first filter layer (41) includes a medium-coarse sand layer for water permeability filtration; the drain pipe (43) is arranged at an angle and the angle between the drain pipe (43) and the horizontal plane is an acute angle.
4. The retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclination angle of the inclined drainage hole (6) is 5 to 15°. An inclined drainage pipe (18) is provided inside the inclined drainage hole (6). A through hole is opened on the outer wall of the inclined drainage pipe (18), and the outer wall of the inclined drainage pipe (18) is wrapped with permeable geotextile.
5. The retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall slope of the open ditch (1) is 1:1, the inner wall slope of the open ditch (1) is 1:1.5, and a second filter layer (7) is set under the open ditch (1).
6. A retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 5, characterized in that, The outer wall of the open ditch (1) is provided with drainage holes (8) arranged below the road shoulder, and the inner wall of the open ditch (1) is provided with multiple layers of drainage holes (8) arranged below the road shoulder.
7. A retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope of the side ditch is 1:0.75, and multiple drainage pipes are installed on both sides of the side ditch.
8. A retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slope protection component (2) also includes an edging (11) and a mortar-grouted rubble footing (14) set on the roadbed slope (12). The edging (11) is set above the arch frame (13), and the mortar-grouted rubble footing (14) is set below the arch frame (13).
9. A retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining structure of the water-rich road cutting slope also includes expansion joints (22) that are longitudinally spaced on the roadbed slope (12) for use along the roadbed slope (12). The expansion joints (22) are used to accommodate the overall deformation of the roadbed slope (12), and the expansion joints (22) are filled with asphalt hemp rope.
10. A retaining structure for a water-rich road cut slope according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame of the arched frame (13) is trough-shaped and water-blocking edge (26) is provided on the main frame. The supporting frame of the arched frame (13) is arch-shaped. Drainage ditches are opened on both sides of the roadbed slope (12). Drainage groove (27) is opened on the main frame of the arched frame (13). The drainage groove (27) is used to introduce water in the main frame into the drainage ditches on both sides of the roadbed slope (12).