A device for assisting the support of a crown arch during the excavation of an underground cavern

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of underground cavern excavation top arch auxiliary supporting devices, belong to underground cavern excavation technical field, including upper top arch assembly and the lower support assembly being set below upper top arch assembly, the curved surface outer wall of top arch arc plate is equidistantly provided with multiple stress release notched grooves, damping buffer component is arranged in each stress release notched groove, at least two upper pull anchor rods are symmetrically inclined and extended upward in opposite directions in the arc inner wall both sides position of top arch arc plate, the extension end of upper pull anchor rod extends to the inner wall in cavern top, at least two lower bracing anchor rods are symmetrically inclined and extended downward in the arc inner wall of top arch arc plate below each group of upper pull anchor rod, the extension end of lower bracing anchor rod extends to the longitudinal inner wall in cavern, two support protection side vertical boards opposite sides all have upward support prevent subsidence component. The utility model forms a stable upper pull lower bracing structure, and the stability of top arch structure is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of underground cavern excavation technology, and in particular, it is an auxiliary support device for the arch of underground cavern excavation. Background Technology

[0002] The auxiliary support device for the excavation roof of an underground cavern is a device specifically designed to enhance the stability and safety of the roof structure of underground caverns. In underground engineering construction, such as subway tunnels, mines, and various underground facilities, ensuring the cavern roof can withstand the pressure from the soil and rock above is crucial. Traditional support methods typically involve using simple supports or anchor systems, but these methods often struggle to cope with complex geological conditions and high-intensity pressure environments. With the development of engineering technology, the demand for more efficient, reliable support devices with good vibration damping performance is increasing.

[0003] Currently, in underground cavern excavation projects, facing complex and variable geological conditions, existing support technologies and equipment have revealed several shortcomings. For example, traditional underground cavern support methods mainly rely on a single type of support, such as using only a simple support structure. This approach neglects the importance of upward tension and fails to fully utilize the support potential provided by the surrounding geological body. Under high-pressure environments, relying solely on downward support cannot completely distribute the pressure acting on the arch, potentially leading to structural deformation or even collapse. Due to the lack of sufficient combination of upward and downward support structures, the overall structural safety factor is relatively low. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an auxiliary support device for the arch of underground cavern excavation, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation, comprising an upper arch assembly and a lower support assembly disposed below the upper arch assembly, wherein the lower support assembly comprises symmetrically distributed and fixed support and protective side plates at the two sides of the cavern edge, and the upper arch assembly comprises an arch arc plate disposed above the top of the two support and protective side plates and a support base plate integrally connected to the bottom end of the arch arc plate;

[0006] The outer curved wall of the top arch plate is provided with multiple stress relief notches at equal intervals. Each stress relief notch is provided with a shock-absorbing buffer component. At least two upward anchor rods extend symmetrically upward in opposite directions from both sides of the inner curved wall of the top arch plate. The extension ends of the upward anchor rods extend into the inner wall of the cavern top. Below each set of upward anchor rods and located on the inner curved wall of the top arch plate, at least two downward support anchor rods extend symmetrically downward in opposite directions. The extension ends of the downward support anchor rods extend into the longitudinal inner wall of the cavern. Each of the two supporting and protective side plates has an upward support anti-sinking component that supports the downward support anchor rods on opposite sides.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of this design, the shock-absorbing and buffering component includes a first hydraulic damper installed in each stress relief notch.

[0008] In this preferred embodiment, at least two mounting boxes are symmetrically installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the two supporting and protective side panels, and a detachable maintenance plate is installed on the inner wall of each supporting and protective side panel by bolts.

[0009] In this preferred embodiment, each of the removable access panels is aligned with the corresponding chamber of the mounting box.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of this scheme, the upward support anti-sinking component includes a hydraulic lifting support column installed longitudinally in the bottom wall of each mounting box. The top lifting support free end of the hydraulic lifting support column extends upward to the outside of the mounting box and supports and lifts the extended free end of the lower support anchor rod.

[0011] In this preferred embodiment, each of the supporting protective side panels has a supporting edge block fixed at its top, and the top surface of the supporting edge block is used to support the bottom surface of the supporting base plate of the top arched plate.

[0012] In this preferred embodiment, the arched plate and the supporting base plate enclose a top arch damping cavity and two triangular side edge support parts located on both sides of the top arch damping cavity. A second hydraulic buffer damper is symmetrically installed on the inner bottom wall of the top arch damping cavity.

[0013] In this preferred embodiment, each of the second hydraulic buffer dampers is fixed with an arc-shaped support plate at its top. The outer wall of the arc-shaped support plate, away from the second hydraulic buffer damper, matches and supports the inner wall of the top arch arc plate.

[0014] In this preferred embodiment, reinforcing ribs are fixedly installed on the back of each of the supporting protective side panels and on the bottom of each mounting box.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0016] The auxiliary support device for the arch of this underground cavern excavation utilizes symmetrically distributed and fixed protective side panels at the edges of the cavern, along with upper and lower anchor bolts installed on both sides of the inner wall of the arched slab. This forms a stable upper-pull and lower-support structure, enhancing the overall stability of the arch structure and effectively resisting external pressure and vibration, thus reducing the risk of structural damage caused by external factors. Compared to traditional designs relying on a single support or without reinforcement measures, this solution provides stronger support and higher safety.

[0017] The outer wall of the arched slab is equidistantly decorated with multiple stress-relief notches, each containing a damping component. These notches allow the material adequate deformation space under stress, preventing stress concentration points and reducing the likelihood of crack formation. Combined with the damping components, this further mitigates the impact of external vibrations on the structure, improving its durability and seismic performance.

[0018] By utilizing the upward support anti-sinking components, particularly the hydraulically lifting support columns, additional upward support force is provided to the lower support anchor rods. This effectively prevents the lower support anchor rods from sinking due to prolonged heavy pressure, ensuring the long-term stability and reliability of the entire support structure. In contrast, traditional structures without such anti-sinking designs may experience support failure after a period of use. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the supporting and protective side plate of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the top arched plate of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second hydraulic buffer damper and the arc-shaped support top plate of this utility model.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Upper arch assembly; 2. Lower support assembly; 3. Support and protective side panel; 4. Removable maintenance panel; 5. Reinforcing rib; 6. Mounting box; 7. Arched top plate; 8. Stress relief notch; 9. Upper anchor bolt; 10. Lower support anchor bolt; 11. Upward support anti-sinking assembly; 12. First hydraulic buffer damper; 13. Hydraulic lifting support column; 14. Triangular side edge support; 15. Support block; 16. Arch damping cavity; 17. Second hydraulic buffer damper; 18. Arched support top plate; 19. Support bottom plate. Detailed Implementation

[0026] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a more thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be practiced without one or more of these details. In other instances, certain technical features well-known in the art have not been described in order to avoid confusion with the present invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise defined, the directions mentioned herein, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside, are based on the directions shown in the figures of this utility model, and are explained here together.

[0028] This embodiment provides, for example Figures 1 to 4The illustrated auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation includes an upper arch assembly 1 and a lower support assembly 2 disposed below the upper arch assembly 1. The lower support assembly 2 includes symmetrically distributed and fixed support and protective side plates 3 at the edges of both sides of the cavern. The upper arch assembly 1 includes an arch-shaped plate 7 disposed above the top of the two support and protective side plates 3 and a support base plate 19 integrally connected to the bottom end of the arch-shaped plate 7. The curved outer wall of the arch-shaped plate 7 is provided with multiple stress relief notches 8 at equal intervals, and each stress relief notch 8 is provided with a [missing information - likely a specific component or material]. The shock-absorbing and buffering components have at least two upward anchor rods 9 extending symmetrically upward in opposite directions on both sides of the arc-shaped inner wall of the top arch plate 7. The extension ends of the upward anchor rods 9 extend into the inner wall of the cavern top. Below each set of upward anchor rods 9 and located on the arc-shaped inner wall of the top arch plate 7, at least two downward support anchor rods 10 extend symmetrically downward in opposite directions. The extension ends of the downward support anchor rods 10 extend into the longitudinal inner wall of the cavern. The two supporting and protective side upright plates 3 each have an upward support anti-sinking component 11 that supports the downward support anchor rods 10. By installing a set of upward-pulling anchor rods 9 on both sides of the supporting protective side plate 3 and the arched plate 7, the tension on the cavern arch is achieved, and a set of downward-pulling support rods extending to the vertical sidewalls of the cavern is installed on both sides. This combination of tension and support provides auxiliary support for the arched plate 7 and the cavern arch. Simultaneously, stress-relieving notches 8 are provided for stress release, while the shock-absorbing and buffering components enhance the shock-absorbing and buffering effect. The upward-supporting anti-sinking component 11 further supports the downward-supporting anchor rods 10, effectively preventing them from being pressed down and sinking, thus further improving the support effect.

[0029] In this embodiment, the shock absorption and buffer component includes a first hydraulic damper 12 installed in each stress relief notch 8. Utilizing hydraulic buffering technology absorbs vibration energy, reduces vibration amplitude, protects the structure from damage, significantly improves the structure's impact resistance, extends equipment lifespan, and provides a more comfortable environment.

[0030] In this embodiment, at least two mounting boxes 6 are symmetrically installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the two supporting protective side plates 3, and a detachable maintenance plate 4 is installed on the inner wall of each supporting protective side plate 3 by bolts.

[0031] In this embodiment, each detachable maintenance plate 4 is aligned with the corresponding cavity of the mounting box 6. Two supporting protective side plates 3 are fixed to both sides of the cavity. Grooves are symmetrically carved into the inner walls of both sides of the cavity for embedding the mounting box 6 and reinforcing ribs 5. This allows the reinforcing ribs 5 and mounting boxes 6 to be embedded into the inner wall of the cavity when the supporting protective side plates 3 contact the inner wall. A hole is drilled in the top wall of the groove for the hydraulic lifting support column 13 to pass through. This hole connects to the end of the lower support anchor rod 10, allowing the hydraulic lifting support column 13 to penetrate the mounting box 6 and extend upwards along the hole until it supports and lifts the end of the lower support anchor rod 10.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upward support anti-sinking component 11 includes a hydraulic lifting support column 13 that is longitudinally installed in the bottom wall of each mounting box 6. The top lifting support free end of the hydraulic lifting support column 13 extends upward to the outside of the mounting box 6 and supports the extended free end of the lower support anchor rod 10.

[0033] In this embodiment, each support protective side plate 3 has a support block 15 fixed at its top, and the top surface of the support block 15 supports the bottom surface of the support base plate 19 of the top arched plate 7.

[0034] In this embodiment, a top arch damping cavity 16 is formed by the top arch arc plate 7 and the supporting base plate 19, and two triangular side edge support parts 14 are located on both sides of the top arch damping cavity 16. A second hydraulic buffer damper 17 is symmetrically installed on the inner bottom wall of the top arch damping cavity 16.

[0035] In this embodiment, each second hydraulic buffer damper 17 has an arc-shaped support top plate 18 fixed at its top end. The arc-shaped support top plate 18 is located away from the outer wall of the second hydraulic buffer damper 17 and is matched with the arc-shaped inner wall of the top arch arc plate 7 for support.

[0036] In this embodiment, reinforcing ribs 5 are fixedly installed on the back of each supporting protective side plate 3 and on the bottom of each mounting box 6.

[0037] Working principle

[0038] The underground cavern excavation arch auxiliary support device has symmetrically excavated slots on the inner walls of both sides of the cavern for embedding the installation box 6 and the reinforcing rib plate 5. These slots are not only used to fix and support the protective side upright plate 3, but also to provide a foundation for the installation of subsequent components. Holes are drilled in the top wall of the slots so that the hydraulic lifting support column 13 can pass through and finally support the lower support anchor rod 10.

[0039] The supporting protective side panels 3 are fixed at the two sides of the cavern, and reinforcing ribs 5 are installed on their backs and the bottom of each mounting box 6 to enhance structural stability. The top arched plate 7 is installed above the top of the two supporting protective side panels 3, while ensuring that the supporting base plate 19 is in close contact with the supporting edge block 15 to form a stable supporting structure. The first hydraulic buffer damper 12 installed in the stress relief notch 8 is used to improve the shock absorption effect.

[0040] At least two upper anchor rods 9 are installed on both sides of the inner arc of the arched plate 7, with their extended ends penetrating into the inner wall of the arch to provide upward tension for the arch. Similarly, at least two lower support anchor rods 10 are installed below each set of upper anchor rods 9, with their extended ends penetrating into the longitudinal inner wall of the cave to provide downward support. The free ends of the lower support anchor rods 10 are supported by the hydraulic lifting support column 13 in the upward support anti-sinking assembly 11 to prevent them from sinking due to external forces, further consolidating the support system.

[0041] Inside the top arch damping cavity 16 formed between the top arch arc plate 7 and the supporting base plate 19, a second hydraulic buffer damper 17 is installed. It is supported by the arc-shaped supporting top plate 18 fixed at its top, which matches the arc-shaped inner wall of the top arch arc plate 7 to achieve a better damping effect. The detachable inspection plate 4 facilitates later maintenance and inspection.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "one" and "two" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0043] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation, comprising an upper arch assembly (1) and a lower support assembly (2) disposed below the upper arch assembly (1), characterized in that: The lower support assembly (2) includes symmetrically distributed and fixed support and protection side plates (3) at the two sides of the cavern edge. The upper arch assembly (1) includes an arched plate (7) set above the top of the two support and protection side plates (3) and a support base plate (19) integrally connected to the bottom of the arched plate (7). At least two upper anchor rods (9) extend symmetrically upwards in opposite directions from both sides of the arc-shaped inner wall of the top arch plate (7). The extension ends of the upper anchor rods (9) extend into the inner wall of the cavern top. Below each set of upper anchor rods (9) and located on the arc-shaped inner wall of the top arch plate (7), at least two lower support anchor rods (10) extend symmetrically downwards. The extension ends of the lower support anchor rods (10) extend into the longitudinal inner wall of the cavern. Each of the two supporting and protective side plates (3) has an upward support anti-sinking component (11) that supports the lower support anchor rods (10) on the opposite side.

2. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curved outer wall of the top arch plate (7) is provided with multiple stress relief notches (8) at equal intervals, and each stress relief notch (8) is provided with a shock-absorbing buffer component.

3. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing and buffering components include a first hydraulic damper (12) installed in each stress relief notch (8).

4. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least two mounting boxes (6) are symmetrically installed on the outer walls of the opposite sides of the two supporting and protective side panels (3), and a detachable maintenance plate (4) is installed on the inner wall of each supporting and protective side panel (3) by bolts.

5. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Reinforcing ribs (5) are fixedly installed on the back of each of the aforementioned supporting protective side panels (3) and on the bottom of each mounting box (6).

6. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the removable access panels (4) is aligned with the chamber of the corresponding mounting box (6).

7. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upward support anti-sinking component (11) includes a hydraulic lifting support column (13) installed longitudinally in the bottom wall of each mounting box (6). The top lifting support free end of the hydraulic lifting support column (13) extends upward to the outside of the mounting box (6) and supports the extended free end of the lower support anchor rod (10).

8. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the supporting protective side panels (3) has a supporting side block (15) fixed at its top, and the top surface of the supporting side block (15) is used to support the bottom surface of the supporting base plate (19) of the top arched plate (7).

9. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top arch arc plate (7) and the supporting base plate (19) enclose a top arch damping cavity (16) and two triangular side edge support parts (14) located on both sides of the top arch damping cavity (16). A second hydraulic buffer damper (17) is symmetrically installed on the inner bottom wall of the top arch damping cavity (16).

10. The auxiliary support device for the arch of an underground cavern excavation according to claim 9, characterized in that: Each of the second hydraulic dampers (17) has an arc-shaped support plate (18) fixed at its top. The arc-shaped support plate (18) is located away from the outer wall of the second hydraulic damper (17) and is supported together with the arc-shaped inner wall of the top arched plate (7).

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