Hydrogen storage and supply device, system

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of hydrogen storage and gas supply device, system, the device includes storage pipeline and at least three storage tanks, and power mechanism.Storage pipeline is used to connect hydrogen production equipment.At least three storage tanks are set downstream of hydrogen production equipment, and are communicated with each other by pipeline.Wherein, at least one storage tank pre-stores water, and the rest storage tank is empty tank and / or hydrogen storage.Power mechanism is arranged between the storage tank of pre-stored water and the rest storage tank.Hydrogen storage, the storage tank of pre-stored water can receive hydrogen, to make the water in this storage tank enter any empty storage tank.Gas supply, power mechanism can transfer the water in the storage tank of pre-stored water to any hydrogen storage storage tank, so that the hydrogen storage storage tank can provide hydrogen to the outside.The gas storage and gas supply process of the system does not need to use expensive hydrogen compressor, is safer, lower power consumption, higher reliability, and cost is greatly reduced.Storage tank in each charging and discharging process, hydrogen residual amount is small, and storage tank utilization is higher.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hydrogen storage and supply technology, and in particular to a hydrogen storage and supply device and system. Background Technology

[0002] For applications where hydrogen is used as a raw material (such as for the production of green liquid fuels and pipeline hydrogen), direct hydrogen storage is the most economical and efficient method. A hydrogen storage and transportation system must be built. When renewable power is sufficient, multiple electrolyzers are used to accelerate the production and storage of hydrogen. When the output of renewable power decreases or stops, the stored hydrogen is then transported out.

[0003] Existing hydrogen storage methods include compressed hydrogen storage, liquid hydrogen storage, organic liquid storage, and metal hydrogen storage, among others. The most common method is compressed hydrogen storage, where hydrogen produced by water electrolysis is compressed by a compressor (or directly introduced into the storage tank at a pressure of 1.6MPa-3.0MPa after water electrolysis without compression) before entering the storage tank. When hydrogen is needed, the hydrogen in the tank is released. Because the tank pressure changes during the hydrogen storage and release process, a compressor must be used to compress the hydrogen when the pressure in the tank is lower than the hydrogen usage pressure. To release as much hydrogen as possible from the tank, the compressor inlet pressure is reduced, resulting in high power consumption for the hydrogen compressor. Due to the disadvantages of hydrogen, such as difficulty in compression, small molecular weight leading to easy leakage, wide explosive range, poor safety, and hydrogen embrittlement, existing compressed hydrogen storage devices involve large investments, high energy consumption, and poor safety.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hydrogen storage and supply system that is low in power consumption, low in cost, and high in safety. Utility Model Content

[0005] One objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a hydrogen storage and supply device. To solve the aforementioned technical problems, this invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A hydrogen storage and supply device, comprising:

[0007] Storage pipelines are used to connect to hydrogen production equipment to receive hydrogen gas;

[0008] At least three storage tanks are located downstream of the hydrogen production equipment. The at least three storage tanks are interconnected by pipelines. At least one storage tank is pre-stored with water, and the remaining storage tanks are empty and / or store hydrogen.

[0009] The power unit is located between the pre-stored water tank and the other tanks;

[0010] During hydrogen storage, a pre-stored water tank can receive hydrogen through a storage pipeline, allowing the water in that tank to enter any empty tank.

[0011] When supplying gas, the power unit can transfer water from a pre-stored water tank to any hydrogen storage tank, enabling the hydrogen storage tank to supply hydrogen to the outside.

[0012] In one embodiment, the storage tank is a closed container.

[0013] In one embodiment, the effective volumes of the storage tanks are equal or substantially equal.

[0014] In one embodiment, the power mechanism is a reversible water pump turbine, and the power mechanism can generate electricity from the water when a pre-stored water tank receives hydrogen to allow water to enter any empty tank.

[0015] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a bypass line connected between a pre-stored water tank and an empty tank, and is configured in parallel with a power unit. When the pre-stored water tank receives hydrogen, water can enter either empty tank via the bypass line.

[0016] A bypass valve is installed on the bypass line to control the opening and closing of the bypass line.

[0017] In one embodiment, each storage tank is connected to a liquid inlet pipe at the top and a liquid phase pipeline at the bottom.

[0018] The device also includes a temperature control pipeline, the inlet end of which is connected to each liquid phase pipeline and the outlet end of which is connected to each inlet pipe, so that at least part of the water discharged from the bottom of each storage tank can enter the top of each storage tank through the temperature control pipeline. Each inlet pipe is equipped with an inlet valve.

[0019] In one embodiment, a first regulating valve is provided on the temperature control pipeline, which is used to control the flow rate of the temperature control pipeline according to the temperature inside the storage tank.

[0020] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a heating device installed on a temperature control pipeline for heating the water entering each storage tank.

[0021] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a gas-liquid separator, which is disposed between a pre-stored water tank and a hydrogen storage tank and is connected in series with a power mechanism. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in the water transferred to the hydrogen storage tank.

[0022] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a second regulating valve, which is located at the inlet of the gas-liquid separator and is used to control the flow rate of water entering the gas-liquid separator according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator.

[0023] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a gas bladder connected to the gas outlet of a gas-liquid separator.

[0024] In one embodiment, the bottom of each storage tank is connected to a first liquid phase pipeline and a second liquid phase pipeline, and the first liquid phase pipeline of any storage tank is connected to the second liquid phase pipeline of the other storage tanks, and the second liquid phase pipeline of any storage tank is connected to the first liquid phase pipeline of the other storage tanks.

[0025] Each first liquid phase pipeline is equipped with a first liquid phase valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first liquid phase pipeline, and each second liquid phase pipeline is equipped with a second liquid phase valve for controlling the opening and closing of the second liquid phase pipeline.

[0026] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a control valve, which is disposed on a pipeline connected to each of the first liquid phase pipelines, and is used to control the opening or closing of each of the first liquid phase pipelines.

[0027] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a water inlet regulating valve, which is installed on a pipeline connected to each of the second liquid phase pipelines. The water inlet regulating valve is used to control the water flow rate entering any storage tank according to the pipeline network pressure of the storage pipeline.

[0028] In one embodiment, each storage tank is connected to a gas phase pipeline at its top, and each gas phase pipeline is connected to a storage pipeline. Each gas phase pipeline is equipped with a gas phase valve, which is used to control the opening and closing of each gas phase pipeline.

[0029] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a hydrogen regulating valve, which is installed on the storage pipeline and is used to regulate the amount of hydrogen entering the storage tank according to the pipeline network pressure and the pressure of the storage tank.

[0030] Another objective of this utility model is to provide a hydrogen storage and supply system, including a hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage and supply device as described in any of the above, wherein the storage pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen production device.

[0031] The outlet of the hydrogen production equipment is also connected to a hydrogen use pipeline. The hydrogen use pipeline is set up in parallel with the storage pipeline, and the hydrogen supplied by each storage tank is drawn into the hydrogen use pipeline.

[0032] As can be seen from the above technical solution, this utility model has at least the following advantages and positive effects:

[0033] In this invention, a hydrogen storage and supply device includes a storage pipeline, at least three storage tanks, and a power unit. The storage pipeline connects to a hydrogen production unit to receive hydrogen, and the at least three storage tanks are located downstream of the hydrogen production unit. The at least three storage tanks are interconnected via pipelines, and at least one tank pre-stores water, while the remaining tanks are empty and / or store hydrogen. The power unit is located between the pre-stored water tank and the other tanks. During hydrogen storage, the pre-stored water tank receives hydrogen through the storage pipeline, allowing the water in that tank to flow into any empty tank. During hydrogen supply, the power unit can transfer the water from the pre-stored water tank to any of the hydrogen storage tanks, enabling that hydrogen storage tank to supply hydrogen.

[0034] Therefore, the hydrogen storage and supply device of this invention can utilize the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen production equipment to fill each storage tank, while using water as the flow medium to achieve the purpose of sequentially filling multiple storage tanks. Furthermore, the system uses a power mechanism as the power source and water as the driving medium to achieve the purpose of sequentially supplying gas from multiple storage tanks. Thus, the gas storage and supply process of this system does not require the use of expensive hydrogen compressors, resulting in better safety, lower power consumption, higher reliability, and a significant reduction in cost. Moreover, the amount of hydrogen remaining in the storage tanks during each filling and discharging process is small, leading to higher tank utilization and saving on tank investment costs. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a hydrogen storage and supply device and system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under constant temperature inflation conditions without energy recovery.

[0037] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under constant temperature inflation conditions with energy recovery.

[0038] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under constant temperature gas supply conditions.

[0039] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows the process flow of the system under liquid-free aeration conditions.

[0040] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0041] 10-Hydrogen production equipment; 11-Storage pipeline; 111-Hydrogen regulating valve; 12-Hydrogen consumption pipeline; 13-Check valve;

[0042] 10' - Downstream hydrogen equipment;

[0043] 20-Storage tank; 21-Inlet pipe; 211-Inlet valve; 22-First liquid phase pipeline; 221-First liquid phase valve; 23-Second liquid phase pipeline; 231-Second liquid phase valve; 24-Gas phase pipeline; 241-Gas phase valve;

[0044] 30 - Power mechanism; 31 - Turbine outlet valve;

[0045] 40 - Bypass line; 41 - Bypass valve;

[0046] 50 - Temperature control piping; 51 - First regulating valve; 52 - Heating device;

[0047] 60-Gas-liquid separator; 61-Second regulating valve; 62-Airbag;

[0048] 70 - Control valve; 80 - Inlet water regulating valve; 90 - Water supply pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0049] Typical embodiments embodying the features and advantages of this utility model will be described in detail in the following description. It should be understood that this utility model can have various variations in different embodiments, all of which do not depart from the scope of this utility model, and the descriptions and illustrations therein are for illustrative purposes only and not intended to limit this utility model.

[0050] In the description of this application, it should be understood that, in the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the indications of direction or positional relationships (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) are merely for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. These descriptions are appropriate when these elements are in the positions shown in the accompanying drawings. If the description of the positions of these elements changes, these directional indications also change accordingly.

[0051] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the stated features. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0052] Please see Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage and supply system of this utility model embodiment includes a hydrogen production device 10 and a hydrogen storage and supply device. The hydrogen production device 10 is used to produce hydrogen. For example, the hydrogen production device 10 can be a water electrolysis hydrogen production device, which can utilize renewable electricity to produce hydrogen. The renewable electricity can be wind power, solar power, hydropower, etc.

[0053] The number of hydrogen production devices 10 can be one or more. When there are multiple hydrogen production devices 10, they are connected in parallel.

[0054] like Figure 1 As shown, the outlet end of the hydrogen production equipment 10 is connected to a hydrogen-using pipeline 12. The hydrogen production equipment 10 can be connected to a downstream hydrogen-using equipment 10' via the hydrogen-using pipeline 12 to supply hydrogen to the hydrogen-using equipment 10'.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a storage pipeline 11, which is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen production equipment 10. The storage pipeline 11 and the hydrogen consumption pipeline 12 are connected in parallel. Therefore, the storage pipeline 11 and the hydrogen consumption pipeline 12 can simultaneously receive hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10.

[0056] The storage pipeline 11 is mainly used to receive hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 and store the hydrogen in multiple storage tanks 20. For example, when the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 exceeds the amount of hydrogen consumed by the downstream hydrogen-consuming equipment 10', the excess hydrogen can be transported to each storage tank 20 for storage via the storage pipeline 11.

[0057] When the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 10 is less than the amount of hydrogen required by the downstream hydrogen-consuming unit 10', the insufficient hydrogen can be supplemented by hydrogen in each storage tank 20. For example, the hydrogen supplied by each storage tank 20 can be channeled into the hydrogen-consuming pipeline 12, thereby supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen-consuming unit 10'.

[0058] The following will describe in detail, with reference to the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the hydrogen storage and supply device of this application.

[0059] See Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage and supply device of this utility model embodiment includes a storage pipeline 11, at least three storage tanks 20, and a power mechanism 30. The storage pipeline 11 connects the hydrogen production equipment 10 and the hydrogen consumption equipment 10', and is arranged in parallel with the hydrogen consumption pipeline 12.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, at least three storage tanks 20 are located downstream of the hydrogen production equipment 10. The at least three storage tanks 20 are connected in parallel. Each storage tank 20 is a closed container. Each storage tank 20 is connected to the storage pipeline 11 via a pipeline to receive and store hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10.

[0061] For example, in one embodiment, each storage tank 20 is connected to a gas phase pipeline 24 at its top, and each gas phase pipeline 24 is connected to the storage pipeline 11. The gas phase pipelines 24 are arranged in parallel. Thus, the hydrogen production equipment 10 can be connected to each storage tank 20 through the storage pipeline 11 and each gas phase pipeline 24. It is understood that in other embodiments, each gas phase pipeline 24 may also be individually connected to the hydrogen production equipment 10.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, each gas phase pipeline 24 is equipped with a gas phase valve 241, which controls the opening and closing of each gas phase pipeline 24. The gas phase valves 241 can be bidirectional. When hydrogen needs to be added to a storage tank 20, the gas phase valve 241 on the corresponding gas phase pipeline 24 is opened, allowing the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 to enter the storage tank 20. When a storage tank 20 supplies gas, the gas phase valve 241 on the corresponding gas phase pipeline 24 is opened, allowing the hydrogen in the storage tank 20 to be supplied externally.

[0063] In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a hydrogen regulating valve 111, which is installed on the storage pipeline 11. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is used to regulate the amount of hydrogen entering the storage tank 20 according to the pipeline pressure of the storage pipeline 11 and the pressure of the storage tank 20. Thus, by setting the hydrogen regulating valve 111, the system hydrogen pressure can be kept constant.

[0064] like Figure 1 As shown, each gas phase pipeline 24 leading to the downstream hydrogen-using equipment 10' can be equipped with a check valve 13, which can prevent hydrogen backflow and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the system.

[0065] See Figure 1 As shown, in the embodiments of this utility model, each storage tank 20 can be a spherical tank. Each storage tank 20 can be used to fill water, or to fill hydrogen, or may be an empty tank. It is understood that in other embodiments, each storage tank 20 can also be a cylindrical tank or other shaped tank, or a high-pressure tubing bundle.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen storage and supply device has at least three storage tanks 20, at least one of which contains pre-stored water, and the remaining storage tanks 20 can be empty tanks and / or hydrogen storage tanks.

[0067] It should be noted that the statement "at least one storage tank 20 is pre-stored with water, and the remaining storage tanks 20 can be empty and / or store hydrogen" refers to the initial state of each storage tank 20 when the device enters the hydrogen storage or supply mode. For example, when the device enters the hydrogen storage mode, at least one storage tank 20 is pre-stored with water, and the remaining storage tanks 20 are empty, or the remaining storage tanks 20 may include both empty tanks and hydrogen storage tanks. When the device enters the supply mode, at least one storage tank 20 is pre-stored with water, and the remaining storage tanks 20 are both hydrogen storage tanks, or the remaining storage tanks 20 may include both hydrogen storage tanks and empty tanks.

[0068] It is worth noting that in this utility model, an empty tank should be understood as an empty storage tank 20, and a hydrogen storage tank should be understood as a hydrogen storage tank 20.

[0069] It is understood that in other embodiments, such as when the device is not delivered or not in operation, each of the storage tanks 20 may be empty. Before the device begins operation, water may be filled into at least one storage tank 20 via an external water supply device.

[0070] For example, the remaining storage tanks 20 may include at least one empty tank and at least one hydrogen storage tank 20. Alternatively, the remaining storage tanks 20 may include at least two empty tanks or at least two hydrogen storage tanks 20.

[0071] That is, the hydrogen storage and supply device of this utility model embodiment includes at least three storage tanks 20, and one of the storage tanks 20 is pre-stored with water. For example, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage and supply device may include three or more storage tanks 20, one of which is pre-stored with water, and the other storage tanks 20 are empty.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, each storage tank 20 is a closed container. Multiple storage tanks 20 are interconnected by pipelines, allowing water from the pre-stored water tank 20 to enter the empty tank or the hydrogen storage tank 20.

[0073] For example, when the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 10 exceeds the required flow rate, the excess hydrogen can be transported to the storage tank 20 for storage, meaning the hydrogen storage and supply device enters the hydrogen storage stage. Figure 1 As shown, during hydrogen storage, the hydrogen production equipment 10 can deliver hydrogen to the pre-stored water tank 20 through the storage pipeline 11 and the corresponding gas phase pipeline 24, so that the water in the storage tank 20 can enter any empty storage tank 20.

[0074] See Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this utility model, the power mechanism 30 is disposed between the pre-stored water tank 20 and the other storage tanks 20. The power mechanism 30 is mainly used to transfer water in the pre-stored water tank 20 to any of the hydrogen storage tanks 20.

[0075] For example, when the amount of hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production unit 10 is lower than the required amount, the insufficient hydrogen can be supplemented by hydrogen in the storage tank 20, that is, the hydrogen storage and supply device enters the supply stage. Figure 1 As shown, during gas supply, the power unit 30 can transfer water from the pre-stored water tank 20 to any hydrogen storage tank 20, so that the hydrogen storage tank 20 can supply hydrogen to the outside.

[0076] For ease of explanation, the water storage tank 20 will be referred to as the water tank, the empty tank 20 as the empty tank, and the hydrogen storage tank 20 as the hydrogen storage tank. Corresponding to Figures 2 to 5 Depending on the operating conditions, storage tank A is a water tank, while storage tanks B to D can be empty tanks or hydrogen storage tanks.

[0077] It is understandable that when hydrogen is supplied to a water tank, causing the water in that tank to enter any empty tank, the water tank becomes a hydrogen storage tank, and the empty tank becomes a water tank. Once the original water tank is filled, the hydrogen production equipment 10 can supply hydrogen to the transformed water tank, allowing water to enter the next empty tank. This filling process is repeated, thus achieving the purpose of sequentially filling multiple empty tanks.

[0078] When water is transferred from the water tank to any hydrogen storage tank, the water tank becomes empty, and the hydrogen storage tank becomes a water tank. The original hydrogen storage tank then stops supplying gas and becomes a water tank. The power mechanism 30 can transfer the water from the converted water tank to the next hydrogen storage tank, allowing multiple hydrogen storage tanks to supply gas sequentially, thus repeating the gas supply process. In other words, in the hydrogen storage and supply device of this invention, each storage tank 20 can switch between being a water tank, an empty tank, or a hydrogen storage tank, thereby realizing the storage of hydrogen or the supply of hydrogen to the outside world.

[0079] like Figure 1 As shown, the effective volumes of each storage tank 20 are equal or approximately equal. Therefore, when water from the water tank enters any empty tank, the water tank is almost completely emptied and can store an equal volume of hydrogen. Similarly, when water from the water tank enters any hydrogen storage tank, an equal volume of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage tank can be almost completely discharged. Thus, the system only needs to fill one storage tank 20 with water to achieve sequential filling or venting of multiple storage tanks 20, ensuring sufficient filling or venting each time. Compared to other solutions using water storage tanks or similar equipment, this invention offers higher system operating efficiency, a smaller system footprint, and lower investment costs for pre-stored water tanks.

[0080] It should be noted that, in the embodiments of this utility model, the pressure of the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10 can be 1.6 MPa or higher. Therefore, the network pressure of the storage pipeline 11 and the hydrogen consumption pipeline 12 can be 1.6 MPa or higher. The pressure resistance of each storage tank 20 can be no less than 1.6 MPa. The working pressure of the power mechanism 30 is no less than 1.6 MPa.

[0081] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, each storage tank 20 is connected to a first liquid phase pipeline 22 and a second liquid phase pipeline 23 at its bottom. The first liquid phase pipeline 22 of any storage tank 20 is connected to the second liquid phase pipeline 23 of the other storage tanks 20, and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 of any storage tank 20 is connected to the first liquid phase pipeline 22 of the other storage tanks 20. It should be noted that under different operating conditions, the first liquid phase pipeline 22 at the bottom of each storage tank 20 can be used for water inlet or outlet, and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of each storage tank 20 can be used for both water inlet and outlet.

[0082] For example, see Figure 2 When the system is in a constant-temperature aeration condition without energy recovery, the first liquid phase pipe 22 at the bottom of the water tank can be used for water discharge, and the second liquid phase pipe 23 at the bottom of the empty tank can be used for water inlet, and the first liquid phase pipe 22 at the bottom of the water tank is connected to the second liquid phase pipe 23 at the bottom of the empty tank. Or, as Figure 3 As shown, when the system is in constant-temperature aeration mode with energy recovery, the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of the water tank can be used for water discharge, and the first liquid phase pipeline 22 at the bottom of the empty tank is used for water inlet, and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of the water tank is connected to the first liquid phase pipeline 22 at the bottom of the empty tank. Alternatively, as... Figure 4 As shown, when the system is in constant temperature gas supply mode, the first liquid phase pipeline 22 at the bottom of the water tank can be used for water outlet, and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of the empty tank is used for water inlet. The second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of the water tank is connected to the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of the empty tank. The specific settings can be configured according to the actual working conditions.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, each first liquid phase pipeline 22 is equipped with a first liquid phase valve 221 for controlling the on / off state of the first liquid phase pipeline 22, and each second liquid phase pipeline 23 is equipped with a second liquid phase valve 231 for controlling the on / off state of the second liquid phase pipeline 23. The first liquid phase valve 221 and the second liquid phase valve 231 can be selected as bidirectional valves, thereby reducing the number of valves required in the system and simplifying the system layout.

[0084] Of course, in other embodiments, the first liquid phase valve 221 can be two parallel check valves to control the inlet and outlet of the first liquid phase pipeline 22 respectively. The second liquid phase valve 231 can also be two parallel check valves to control the inlet and outlet of the second liquid phase pipeline 23 respectively.

[0085] Referring to the figure, in one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a control valve 70, which is installed on a pipeline connected to each of the first liquid phase pipelines 22. The control valve 70 is used to control the opening or closing of each of the first liquid phase pipelines 22. The control valve 70 can be a bidirectional valve, thereby reducing the number of valves required in the system and simplifying the system layout.

[0086] When water needs to enter or exit through either of the first liquid phase pipelines 22, the control valve 70 and the corresponding first liquid phase valve 221 can be opened simultaneously. Therefore, by setting the control valve 70, the operational reliability of the system can be improved.

[0087] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a water inlet regulating valve 80, which is installed on a pipeline that is connected to each of the second liquid phase pipelines 23. The water inlet regulating valve 80 is used to control the water flow rate entering any storage tank 20 according to the pipeline network pressure of the storage pipeline 11, that is, the hydrogen pressure produced by the hydrogen production equipment 10.

[0088] Specifically, during the hydrogen storage phase, the inlet water regulating valve 80 can control the water flow rate entering the empty tank based on the hydrogen pressure, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen filling the water tank. During the gas supply phase, the inlet water regulating valve 80 can control the water flow rate entering the hydrogen storage tank based on the hydrogen pressure, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen storage tank. Thus, by setting the inlet water regulating valve 80, the amount of water entering the storage tank 20 can be adjusted according to the hydrogen pressure to regulate the filling or venting volume of the storage tank 20, thereby ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure in the system.

[0089] See Figure 3 In one embodiment, the power unit 30 is a reversible water pump turbine. The hydrogen production equipment 10 supplies hydrogen to the pre-stored water tank 20, so that when water enters any empty tank 20, the power unit 30 can generate electricity using the water. In this embodiment, the power unit 30 is a reversible water pump turbine. The working principle of the reversible water pump turbine is that it can switch between turbine operation and pump operation. In turbine operation, the impeller of the reversible water pump turbine is driven to rotate by the water flow, converting water energy into mechanical energy to drive a generator to generate electricity. In pump operation, the impeller of the reversible water pump turbine is driven to rotate by external power to drive the water flow and achieve the pumping function.

[0090] By using a reversible pump-turbine, water from the tank can enter the empty tank via the reversible pump-turbine during the filling process. At this time, the reversible pump-turbine operates in turbine mode, generating electricity using water. The operating capacity of the reversible pump-turbine in turbine mode is related to the hydrogen pressure. By controlling the operation of the reversible pump-turbine, the water flow rate into the empty tank can be adjusted, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen entering the tank and ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure.

[0091] During hydrogen supply, the reversible water pump turbine operates as a pump, utilizing external power to pump water from the water tank to any hydrogen storage tank, thus supplying hydrogen externally. When in pump mode, the reversible water pump turbine's operating capacity is related to the hydrogen pressure, and its load can be adjusted using variable frequency speed control based on hydrogen consumption. By controlling the operation of the reversible water pump turbine, the water flow rate into the hydrogen storage tank can be controlled, thereby controlling the amount of hydrogen discharged from the storage tank and ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure.

[0092] Therefore, in this invention, the reversible water pump turbine power mechanism not only ensures the reliable operation of the hydrogen storage and supply device, but also effectively recovers energy from the hydrogen storage stage, improving the system's energy utilization rate. Furthermore, the electrical energy converted by the reversible water pump turbine can be supplied to the hydrogen production equipment 10, further reducing the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage and supply system.

[0093] like Figure 1 As shown, the reversible pump-turbine is equipped with a turbine outlet valve 31 on the outlet side during turbine operation. The turbine outlet valve 31 opens when the system is in a constant-temperature aeration condition with energy recovery, enabling the reversible pump-turbine to generate electricity using water and allowing water to flow smoothly to the empty tank. The turbine outlet valve 31 can remain closed under other operating conditions.

[0094] It is understood that in other embodiments, the power unit 30 may also be a water pump. In this case, during the hydrogen storage phase, water from the tank can enter the empty tank via other pipelines.

[0095] See Figure 2 As shown, in another embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a bypass line 40 connected between the pre-stored water tank 20 and an empty tank 20, and is configured in parallel with the power unit 30. When the hydrogen production equipment 10 supplies hydrogen to the pre-stored water tank 20, water can enter either empty tank 20 via the bypass line 40.

[0096] By setting up a bypass pipe 40, water in the water tank can enter the empty tank through the bypass pipe 40 without passing through the pipe where the power mechanism 30 is located, thereby broadening the system's operating modes and improving the system's operational reliability.

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown, a bypass valve 41 is provided on the bypass line 40, which is used to control the opening and closing of the bypass line 40. When it is necessary to use the bypass line 40 to allow water to enter the empty tank, the bypass valve 41 can be opened. The bypass valve 41 can be a two-way valve.

[0098] See Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a temperature control pipeline 50, which connects to the bottom and top of each storage tank 20, respectively. This allows water transferred between water tanks and empty tanks or hydrogen storage tanks to partially enter the top of each storage tank 20 via the temperature control pipeline 50, and to transfer heat with the gas phase of each storage tank 20. By setting up the temperature control pipeline 50, the circulating water in the system pipeline can be used to supply water to each storage tank 20 and achieve a spraying effect, effectively preventing excessive temperature rise and fall caused by pressure changes within the storage tank 20, thus ensuring system safety. Furthermore, by controlling the temperature fluctuation of the storage tank 20 within a small range, the pressure fluctuation within the storage tank 20 can be minimized, thereby improving the utilization rate of the storage tank 20.

[0099] For example, during hydrogen storage, the transfer of water from the water tank to the empty tank involves the compression of residual hydrogen in the empty tank, causing a temperature increase that can adversely affect the equipment. By installing a temperature-controlled pipeline 50, the transferred water can be partially introduced into the empty tank, allowing sufficient contact between the water and the compressed residual hydrogen in the empty tank. This effectively reduces the hydrogen temperature, ensuring that the hydrogen temperature within the storage tank 20 is maintained within a reasonable range, minimizing pressure fluctuations within the storage tank 20, and thus improving the utilization rate of the storage tank 20. For instance, the temperature variation range of the hydrogen inside the tank can be kept within 50°C to 60°C.

[0100] During gas supply, the residual hydrogen in the water tank expands and cools during the transfer of water from the water tank to the hydrogen storage tank, which can adversely affect the equipment. By installing a temperature control line 50, some of the transferred water can be introduced into the water tank, allowing for sufficient contact between the water and the expanded residual hydrogen in the tank. This effectively raises the hydrogen temperature, ensuring that the hydrogen temperature in the storage tank 20 remains within a reasonable range, minimizing pressure fluctuations, and thus improving the utilization rate of the storage tank 20. Alternatively, a heating device (described below) can be installed in the temperature control line 50 to heat the water entering the storage tank 20.

[0101] like Figure 1 As shown, each storage tank 20 is connected to an inlet pipe 21 at its top. It can be understood that the inlet pipe 21 at the top of each storage tank 20 and the gas phase pipe 24 at the top of each storage tank 20 are different pipes, and they do not overlap or affect each other.

[0102] like Figure 1As shown, each storage tank 20 has a liquid phase pipeline connected to its bottom, such as the first liquid phase pipeline 22 and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 mentioned above. The inlet end of the temperature control pipeline 50 is connected to each liquid phase pipeline; that is, the inlet end of the temperature control pipeline 50 is connected to both the first liquid phase pipeline 22 and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of each storage tank 20. When water exits from the first liquid phase pipeline 22 of the storage tank 20, a portion of the water discharged through the first liquid phase pipeline 22 can enter the temperature control pipeline 50. When water exits from the second liquid phase pipeline 23 of the storage tank 20, a portion of the water discharged through the second liquid phase pipeline 23 can enter the temperature control pipeline 50.

[0103] like Figure 1 As shown, the outlet end of the temperature control pipeline 50 is connected to each inlet pipe 21, and each inlet pipe 21 is equipped with an inlet valve 211. Thus, water can be supplied to the storage tank 20 as needed through the inlet pipes 21 and the inlet valves 211. The inlet valves 21 can be one-way valves, which only allow water to enter the storage tank 20.

[0104] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, a first regulating valve 51 is provided on the temperature control pipeline 50. The first regulating valve 51 is used to control the flow rate of the temperature control pipeline 50 according to the temperature inside the storage tank 20. The temperature inside the storage tank 20 may include the gas phase temperature and the liquid phase temperature, and the technology for detecting the temperature inside the storage tank is easy to understand. For example, a temperature sensor can be designed inside the storage tank and electrically connected to an external control system. The external control system is used to monitor the operation of the entire system. This application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0105] In this embodiment, the flow rate is adjusted by setting the first regulating valve 51, which can be adaptively adjusted according to the hydrogen temperature (i.e., gas phase temperature) in each storage tank 20, thereby helping to ensure that the hydrogen temperature in the tank is maintained within a reasonable range.

[0106] like Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a heating device 52, which is installed on a temperature control pipeline 50 to heat the water entering each storage tank 20. The heating device 52 can be an electric heater, which can directly use renewable electricity for heating. Alternatively, the heating device 52 can also be a heat exchanger or other structure, whose heat source can be waste heat from downstream chemical processes or heat generated from hydrogen combustion. For example, the downstream chemical process could be a liquid fuel synthesis process, utilizing the heat generated from the synthesis of alcohol fuels from hydrogen and carbon.

[0107] By setting up the heating device 52, the water entering the tank can be heated, avoiding the situation where the inner wall of the water tank is prone to freezing in low-temperature environments, thereby expanding the application range of the system.

[0108] For example, if the project site is located in a northern region where winter temperatures are low, the inner surface of the water storage tank may freeze, affecting the hydrogen storage capacity of tank 20. For instance, when the water temperature inside the tank is below 5°C, the heating device 52 needs to be turned on and hot water needs to be introduced into the tank through the temperature control pipeline 50 to raise the water temperature inside the tank and prevent freezing or melting.

[0109] Therefore, the first regulating valve 51 can also adaptively adjust the flow rate according to the water temperature (i.e., liquid phase temperature) in each storage tank 20, so that hot water can be promptly input into each storage tank 20 through the first regulating valve 51 to increase the water temperature in the tank and prevent freezing or melting.

[0110] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a gas-liquid separator 60, which is disposed between the pre-stored water tank 20 and the hydrogen storage tank 20, and is connected in series with the power mechanism 30. The gas-liquid separator 60 is used to separate water and gas in the water transferred to the hydrogen storage tank 20.

[0111] Specifically, the gas-liquid separator 60 is provided with an inlet, a liquid outlet, and a gas outlet. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator 60 is connected to the bottom of each storage tank 20. For example, the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 60 is connected to both the first liquid phase pipeline 22 and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of each storage tank 20 to receive water from the tank. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 60 is connected to the bottom of each storage tank 20. For example, the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid separator 60 is connected to both the first liquid phase pipeline 22 and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of each storage tank 20 to supply water to the hydrogen storage tank. The gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 60 can be connected to the outside or to an external gas storage structure.

[0112] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a gas bladder 62, which is connected to the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator 60. By storing the small amount of hydrogen separated by the gas-liquid separator 60 through the gas bladder 62, the pressure of the gas-liquid separator 60 can be kept constant, avoiding pressure fluctuations due to possible fluctuations in liquid level. This ensures that the inlet pressure of the power mechanism 30, i.e., the water pump, remains constant, thus ensuring stable system operation.

[0113] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a second regulating valve 61, which is located at the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 60. The second regulating valve 61 is used to control the flow rate of water entering the gas-liquid separator 60 according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator 60. By controlling the flow rate of water entering the gas-liquid separator 60 with the second regulating valve 61, it is beneficial to maintain a constant liquid level in the gas-liquid separator 60, thereby helping to maintain a constant pressure in the gas-liquid separator 60 and ensuring stable system operation.

[0114] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage and supply device includes a water supply line 90, which can be connected to an external water source such as a water tank to replenish the system with water as needed.

[0115] See Figures 2 to 4 The hydrogen storage and supply device of this utility model embodiment can operate in three modes, as follows: In the accompanying drawings, blue lines with arrows represent hydrogen flow, and green lines with arrows represent water flow. Solid lines in the accompanying drawings represent system pipelines, and dashed lines represent system control circuits.

[0116] 1. Constant temperature inflation condition without energy recovery

[0117] like Figure 2 As shown, taking four storage tanks 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D as an example, where storage tank 20A is a water tank, and storage tanks 20B, 20C, and 20D are empty tanks. When the hydrogen production equipment 10 is operating at full load (with a large number of electrolyzers running) or at a high load, the generated hydrogen exceeds the downstream hydrogen consumption flow, at which point the system enters the hydrogen storage stage. The hydrogen production equipment 10 fills storage tank 20A with hydrogen through storage pipeline 11 and the gas phase pipeline 24 at the top of storage tank 20A. At this time, the opening degree of the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is related to the hydrogen pressure to ensure a constant hydrogen pressure. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is also interlocked with the pressure of storage tank A. When the pressure of storage tank A is close to the hydrogen pressure (the difference between the two does not exceed 0.05 MPa), the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is fully open and disconnected from the hydrogen pressure.

[0118] Simultaneously, the system automatically opens control valve 70 and the first liquid phase valve 221 at the bottom of storage tank 20A, as well as bypass valve 41, inlet regulating valve 80, and the second liquid phase valve 231 at the bottom of storage tank 20B. Water in storage tank 20A then flows out under hydrogen pressure through the first liquid phase pipeline 22 at the bottom, and after passing through control valve 70, it splits into two paths. One path (the majority of the water) enters storage tank 20B through bypass pipeline 40 and the second liquid phase pipeline 23 at the bottom of storage tank 20B. The other path (a small portion of the water) enters the top of storage tank 20B for spraying through temperature control pipeline 50 and the inlet pipe 21 at the top of storage tank 20B.

[0119] When the liquid level in storage tank 20A gradually decreases to zero while the liquid level in storage tank 20B gradually increases from zero to near full level, the water in storage tank 20A is completely transferred to storage tank 20B. At this point, the aeration of storage tank 20A ends. Simultaneously, the system can automatically switch aeration based on the liquid level changes in storage tanks 20A and 20B, i.e., stopping aeration of storage tank 20A and switching to aeration of storage tank 20B. It can be understood that the process of aerating storage tank 20B while transferring water to storage tank 20C (or any other empty tank) repeats the previous process.

[0120] It is understandable that during the filling process of storage tank 20A, the transfer of water from storage tank 20A to storage tank 20B, along with the compression and temperature increase of residual hydrogen in storage tank 20B, can adversely affect the equipment. The purpose of spraying water into storage tank 20B through temperature control pipeline 50 is to ensure sufficient contact between the water and the compressed hydrogen, thereby reducing the hydrogen temperature and maintaining the hydrogen temperature in storage tank 20B within a reasonable range during the filling process.

[0121] The opening degree of the first regulating valve 51 is related to the temperature of the compressed hydrogen in the storage tank 20B. By controlling the amount of water entering the top of the storage tank 20B for spraying, the temperature of the hydrogen in the storage tank 20B can be kept within a reasonable range.

[0122] Furthermore, the opening degree of the water inlet regulating valve 80 is related to the hydrogen pressure. By controlling the water flow rate into the storage tank 20B, the amount of gas filling the storage tank 20A can be controlled, thereby ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure.

[0123] 2. Energy recovery and constant temperature inflation operation

[0124] like Figure 3 As shown, taking four storage tanks 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D as an example, where storage tank 20A is a water tank, and storage tanks 20B, 20C, and 20D are empty tanks. When the hydrogen production equipment 10 is operating at full load (with a large number of electrolyzers running) or at a high load, the generated hydrogen exceeds the downstream hydrogen consumption flow, at which point the system enters the hydrogen storage stage. The hydrogen production equipment 10 fills storage tank 20A with hydrogen through storage pipeline 11 and the gas phase pipeline 24 at the top of storage tank 20A. At this time, the opening degree of the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is related to the hydrogen pressure to ensure a constant hydrogen pressure. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is also interlocked with the pressure of storage tank A. When the pressure of storage tank A is close to the hydrogen pressure (the difference between the two does not exceed 0.05 MPa), the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is fully open and disconnected from the hydrogen pressure.

[0125] Simultaneously, the system automatically starts the reversible pump-turbine and puts it into turbine operation mode. Water in storage tank 20A flows out through the bottom second liquid phase pipeline 23 under hydrogen pressure, while the inlet regulating valve 80 is fully opened, and water enters the reversible pump-turbine to generate electricity. The water, after being depressurized by the reversible pump-turbine, is divided into two streams. One stream (the majority of the water) enters storage tank 20B through control valve 70 and the bottom first liquid phase pipeline 22. The other stream (a small portion of the water) enters the top of storage tank 20B through temperature control pipeline 50 and the liquid inlet pipe 21 at the top of storage tank 20B for spraying.

[0126] When the liquid level in storage tank 20A gradually decreases to zero while the liquid level in storage tank 20B gradually increases from zero to near full level, the water in storage tank 20A is completely transferred to storage tank 20B. At this point, the aeration of storage tank 20A ends. Simultaneously, the system can automatically switch aeration based on the liquid level changes in storage tanks 20A and 20B, i.e., stopping aeration of storage tank 20A and switching to aeration of storage tank 20B. It can be understood that the process of aerating storage tank 20B while transferring water to storage tank 20C (or any other empty tank) repeats the previous process.

[0127] It is understandable that during the filling process of storage tank 20A, the transfer of water from storage tank 20A to storage tank 20B, along with the compression and temperature increase of residual hydrogen in storage tank 20B, can adversely affect the equipment. The purpose of spraying water into storage tank 20B through temperature control pipeline 50 is to ensure sufficient contact between the water and the compressed hydrogen, thereby reducing the hydrogen temperature and maintaining the hydrogen temperature in storage tank 20B within a reasonable range during the filling process.

[0128] The opening degree of the first regulating valve 51 is related to the temperature of the compressed hydrogen in the storage tank 20B. By controlling the amount of water entering the top of the storage tank 20B for spraying, the temperature of the hydrogen in the storage tank 20B can be kept within a reasonable range.

[0129] In addition, since the inlet regulating valve 80 is fully open under this operating condition, the water flow rate entering the storage tank 20B can be adjusted by controlling the operation of the reversible water pump turbine, thereby controlling the gas filling amount of the storage tank 20A to ensure that the hydrogen pressure is constant.

[0130] 3. Constant temperature gas supply condition

[0131] like Figure 4 As shown, taking four storage tanks 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D as an example, tank 20A is a water tank, and tanks 20B, 20C, and 20D are hydrogen storage tanks. When the hydrogen production equipment 10 is under low load (reducing the number of electrolyzers in operation) or stops working, the amount of hydrogen produced is lower than the downstream hydrogen consumption flow rate, at which point the system will enter the gas supply stage.

[0132] The system automatically starts the power unit 30, such as a regular water pump or a reversible water pump turbine. The following description uses a reversible water pump turbine. When the reversible water pump turbine enters pump mode and the control valve 70 is closed, the water in storage tank 20A enters the gas-liquid separator 60 via the bottom first liquid phase pipeline 22 for water-gas separation. The separated water then enters the reversible water pump turbine, where it is pressurized and divided into two paths. One path (the majority of the water) enters storage tank 20B via the inlet regulating valve 80 and the bottom second liquid phase pipeline 23, expelling hydrogen from storage tank 20B through the top gas phase pipeline 24 and flowing into the storage pipeline 11 to supply downstream hydrogen-using equipment 10'. The other path (a small portion of the water) returns to the top of storage tank 20A via the bypass pipeline 40, the temperature control pipeline 50, and the top liquid inlet pipe 21 for spraying.

[0133] When the liquid level in storage tank 20A gradually decreases to zero while the liquid level in storage tank 20B gradually increases from zero to near full level, the water in storage tank 20A is completely transferred to storage tank 20B, and all the hydrogen gas in storage tank 20B is discharged. At this point, the venting of storage tank 20B ends. Simultaneously, the system can automatically switch venting based on the liquid level changes in storage tanks 20A and 20B, i.e., stopping venting from storage tank 20B and switching to venting from storage tank 20C. It can be understood that the process of water entering the bottom of storage tank 20C (or any other hydrogen storage tank) from storage tank 20B to supply gas from storage tank 20C repeats the previous process.

[0134] It is understandable that during the gas supply process to storage tank 20B, the transfer of water from storage tank 20A to storage tank 20B, along with the expansion and temperature drop of residual hydrogen in storage tank 20A, can adversely affect the equipment. The purpose of spraying water into storage tank 20A through temperature control pipeline 50 is to ensure sufficient contact between the water and the expanded hydrogen, thereby raising the hydrogen temperature and maintaining it within a reasonable range during the gas supply process.

[0135] The opening degree of the first regulating valve 51 is related to the temperature of the expanded hydrogen in the storage tank 20A. By controlling the amount of water entering the top of the storage tank 20A for spraying, the temperature inside the storage tank 20A can be kept within a reasonable range.

[0136] Furthermore, the opening degree of the water inlet regulating valve 80 is related to the hydrogen pressure. By controlling the water flow rate into the storage tank 20B, the gas supply to the storage tank 20B can be controlled, thereby ensuring a constant hydrogen pressure.

[0137] It should be noted that, under gas supply conditions, in addition to adjusting the gas supply by controlling the inlet water regulating valve 80, the load can also be adjusted by using frequency conversion speed regulation to adjust the speed of the reversible water pump turbine according to the downstream hydrogen consumption, so as to control the water flow into the storage tank 20B and thus control the gas supply of the storage tank 20B.

[0138] It is understood that in other embodiments, the system can also perform the following liquid-free inflation conditions according to actual needs:

[0139] like Figure 5 As shown, taking four storage tanks 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D as an example, where storage tank 20A is a water tank and storage tanks 20B, 20C, and 20D are empty tanks. When the hydrogen production equipment 10 is operating at full load (with a large number of electrolyzers running) or at a high load, the generated hydrogen exceeds the downstream hydrogen consumption flow rate, at which point the system will enter the hydrogen storage stage.

[0140] When the hydrogen storage capacity is large and the hydrogen storage rate is fast, in order to reduce the hydrogen heat generation during hydrogen storage and the slow heat dissipation of the outer surface of the storage tank 20, the hydrogen temperature rise may exceed the allowable range. Depending on the specific circumstances, one or more storage tanks 20 may be selected to reduce the hydrogen temperature rise.

[0141] For example, see Figure 5 The hydrogen production equipment 10 can simultaneously introduce hydrogen into storage tanks 20B and 20C. At this time, the hydrogen regulating valve 111 and the gas phase valve 241 at the top of storage tanks 20B and 20C are open, while all other valves in the system are closed. The opening degree of the hydrogen regulating valve 111 is related to the hydrogen pressure to ensure a constant hydrogen pressure. The hydrogen regulating valve 111 is also interlocked with the pressure of storage tanks 20B and 20C. When the pressure in storage tanks 20B and 20C approaches the hydrogen pressure, the filling process in storage tanks 20B and 20C ends. The system automatically closes the gas phase valve 241 at the top of storage tanks 20B and 20C and automatically opens the gas phase valve 241 at the top of other empty tanks, repeating the filling process.

[0142] The following mobile hydrogen equipment requires a continuous hydrogen supply of 50,000 Nm³ for 10's operation. 3 The following is a detailed explanation using / h as an example.

[0143] Assume the downstream hydrogen-using equipment (unit 10') is used in a methanol synthesis process. Typically, green methanol synthesis requires a continuous supply of 50,000 NM. 3 The hydrogen production equipment (hydrogen per hour) via water electrolysis has a maximum capacity of 200,000 NM. 3 / h means that the hydrogen production equipment for water electrolysis can meet the methanol plant's demand by working for a total of 6 hours per day.

[0144] For ease of understanding, assume that the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 10 operates at full capacity for 6 hours a day and is shut down for the remaining 18 hours. During the shutdown period of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 10, the hydrogen required for methanol synthesis is supplied by multiple hydrogen storage tanks.

[0145] For example, the hydrogen produced by the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 10 has a hydrogen pressure of 1.6 MPa. After the water electrolysis hydrogen production device 10 starts working, its hourly hydrogen storage capacity is 200,000 NM. 3 / h-50000NM 3 / h=150000NM 3 / h, hydrogen storage time 6h, hydrogen release time 18h, methanol synthesis plant operates continuously for 24h.

[0146] It is understandable that the total hydrogen storage capacity of the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment operating for 6 hours a day is 900,000 NM. 3 / h (volume flow rate 64494m³) 3 If / h), then 2000m is required. 3 There are 32 1.6MPa storage tanks. During the 18 hours that the water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment 10 is shut down, these 32 storage tanks will supply hydrogen.

[0147] like Figure 2 As shown, under constant-temperature aeration conditions without energy recovery, it is assumed that tank A contains 93.1% water, and the top gas phase pressure is 1.45 MPa. The other tanks are empty, with a pressure of 0.1 MPa. After tank A is filled with 93.1% water, the hydrogen gas inside tank B is compressed to 0.1 / 0.069 = 1.45 MPa (this can be approximated as isothermal compression due to the water spraying effect from the temperature control pipeline into tank B). Due to the influence of the liquid level, the top gas phase pressure of tank B is the difference between the pressure of tank A and the pressure difference formed by the height of the liquid column above the tank diameter. If the tank diameter is 11.5 meters, then the highest top gas phase pressure of tank B is 1.6 MPa - 0.115 MPa = 1.485 MPa.

[0148] Under gas supply conditions, assume storage tank A contains 93.1% water, with a top gas phase pressure of 1.45 MPa. The remaining storage tanks are filled with hydrogen at a pressure of 1.6 MPa and a temperature of 40°C. 50,000 Nm³ of hydrogen needs to be supplied. 3 / h (volume flow rate 3583m³) 3 The water in storage tank A (flow rate 3583 m³ / h) is discharged into the pipe network. 3 After the hydrogen gas at the top of tank A is completely transferred to tank B, its pressure gradually decreases to 0.1 MPa as water is discharged.

[0149] Calculations show that the effective hydrogen storage rate of each storage tank is 93.1%. The power consumption of the water pump is 1997 kW, and the cumulative power consumption over 18 hours is 18h × 1997 kWh = 35946 kWh. Therefore, compared with the traditional method of using a hydrogen compressor for gas storage and supply, the power consumption of the hydrogen storage and supply device in this application is greatly reduced.

[0150] like Figure 3As shown, under constant-temperature aeration conditions with energy recovery, it is assumed that tank A is filled with 94% water, and the top gas phase pressure is 0.6 MPa. The other tanks are empty, with a pressure of 0.036 MPa. During the aeration process of tank A, as the liquid level in tank A gradually decreases, the liquid level in tank B gradually increases to 94% of its volume. The gas phase volume in tank B is compressed by 1 / 0.06 = 16.67 times, and the corresponding gas phase pressure in tank B gradually increases by 16.67 times (due to the effect of water spraying into tank B through the temperature control pipeline, it can be approximately considered as isothermal compression), that is, the gas phase pressure in tank B gradually increases from 0.036 MPa to 0.6 MPa.

[0151] In addition, as the back pressure of the turbine gradually increases, the power output of the turbine gradually decreases.

[0152] Calculations show that the effective hydrogen storage rate of each storage tank is 97.75%. The average power output of the hydroelectric turbine is 2210 kW, generating 13260 kWh in 6 hours.

[0153] Under gas supply conditions, assuming storage tank A contains 94% water and the top gas phase pressure is 0.6 MPa, and the remaining storage tanks are filled with hydrogen at a pressure of 1.6 MPa and a temperature of 40°C, requiring a gas flow rate of 50,000 Nm³. 3 / h hydrogen (volume flow rate 3583m³) 3 The water in storage tank A (flow rate 3583 m³ / h) is discharged into the pipe network. 3 After the hydrogen gas at the top of tank A was completely transferred to tank B, its pressure gradually decreased to 0.036 MPa as water was discharged.

[0154] Calculations show that the water pump consumes 2075 kW, and the total power consumption over 18 hours is 18h × 2075 kW = 37350 kWh. The daily net power consumption is water pump power consumption - turbine power generation = 37350 kWh - 13260 kWh = 24090 kWh. Therefore, compared to the traditional method of using a hydrogen compressor for gas storage and supply, the power consumption of the hydrogen storage and supply device in this application is significantly reduced.

[0155] It is worth noting that under the constant temperature and gas filling conditions with energy recovery, the storage tank operates under negative pressure for a certain period of time. Therefore, the system needs to use a spherical tank or a high-pressure cylindrical container that can withstand negative pressure.

[0156] The hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this embodiment utilizes the hydrogen pressure from the hydrogen production equipment to fill each storage tank, while simultaneously using water as the flow medium to sequentially fill multiple tanks. Furthermore, the system employs a power mechanism as the power source, using water as the driving medium to sequentially supply gas from multiple tanks. Therefore, the gas storage and supply process of this system eliminates the need for expensive hydrogen compressors, resulting in better safety, lower power consumption, higher reliability, and a significant reduction in cost.

[0157] Furthermore, the amount of hydrogen remaining in the storage tank is small during each filling and venting process, resulting in higher tank utilization and saving on tank investment costs.

[0158] When the hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this embodiment of the utility model are used on a large scale, an inverter-type water pump / turbine can be used to effectively recover the pressure energy of the hydrogen storage process and improve the system's energy utilization rate.

[0159] The hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this embodiment of the utility model can be filled with water in one storage tank and circulated among multiple storage tanks during the filling or supplying process, thereby effectively improving the system operating efficiency, reducing the system footprint, and reducing the investment cost of water storage tanks.

[0160] In this embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen storage and supply device and system consist of sealed tanks, which are interconnected via pipelines. Water in the tanks can flow to empty tanks or hydrogen storage tanks through these pipelines. Because the water operates within a closed pipeline, it does not come into contact with air, effectively preventing corrosion of the inner walls of the tanks and extending their service life.

[0161] In this embodiment of the invention, the hydrogen storage and supply device and system can be equipped with a liquid inlet spray structure on the top of each storage tank. This effectively prevents excessive temperature rise and fall caused by pressure changes within the storage tank, ensuring system safety and preventing the storage tank's safe operation and hydrogen storage efficiency from being compromised by temperature fluctuations. Furthermore, by controlling the tank temperature fluctuation within a small range, the pressure fluctuation within the tank can be minimized, improving the tank's utilization rate. In addition, by setting a first regulating valve to adaptively adjust the flow rate according to the hydrogen temperature in each storage tank, the hydrogen temperature inside the tank can be maintained within a reasonable range.

[0162] The hydrogen storage and supply device and system in this embodiment of the invention can adjust the filling and venting volume of the storage tank as needed by setting hydrogen regulating valves, water inlet regulating valves, etc., to ensure that the hydrogen pressure of the system is constant.

[0163] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of structures. The structures in each embodiment are not fixed combinations. In the absence of structural conflicts, the structures in multiple embodiments can be arbitrarily combined and used.

[0164] Although the present invention has been described with reference to several typical embodiments, it should be understood that the terminology used is descriptive and exemplary, and not restrictive. Since the present invention can be embodied in many forms without departing from the spirit or essence of the invention, it should be understood that the above embodiments are not limited to any of the foregoing details, but should be interpreted broadly within the spirit and scope defined by the appended claims. Therefore, all variations and modifications falling within the scope of the claims or their equivalents should be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen storage and supply device, characterized in that, include: Storage pipelines are used to connect to hydrogen production equipment to receive hydrogen gas; At least three storage tanks are located downstream of the hydrogen production equipment. The at least three storage tanks are interconnected by pipelines. At least one storage tank is pre-stored with water, and the remaining storage tanks are empty and / or store hydrogen. The power unit is located between the pre-stored water tank and the other tanks; During hydrogen storage, a pre-stored water tank can receive hydrogen through the storage pipeline, allowing the water in that tank to enter any empty tank. When supplying gas, the power mechanism can transfer water from a pre-stored water tank to any hydrogen storage tank, enabling the hydrogen storage tank to supply hydrogen to the outside.

2. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, All of the aforementioned storage tanks are closed containers.

3. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The effective volumes of all the aforementioned storage tanks are equal or approximately equal.

4. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power mechanism is a reversible water pump turbine. When the pre-stored water tank receives hydrogen to allow water to enter any empty tank, the power mechanism can generate electricity using the water.

5. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes a bypass pipeline, which connects the pre-stored water tank and the empty tank, and is configured in parallel with the power mechanism. When the pre-stored water tank receives hydrogen, water can enter either empty tank via the bypass pipeline. A bypass valve is provided on the bypass pipeline, and the bypass valve is used to control the opening and closing of the bypass pipeline.

6. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the storage tanks is connected to a liquid inlet pipe at the top and a liquid phase pipeline at the bottom. The device also includes a temperature control pipeline, the inlet end of which is connected to each liquid phase pipeline and the outlet end of which is connected to each inlet pipe, so that at least a portion of the water discharged from the bottom of each of the storage tanks can enter the top of each of the storage tanks through the temperature control pipeline. Each inlet pipe is equipped with an inlet valve.

7. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature control pipeline is equipped with a first regulating valve, which is used to control the flow rate of the temperature control pipeline according to the temperature inside the storage tank.

8. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It includes a heating device, which is installed on the temperature control pipeline to heat the water entering each of the storage tanks.

9. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system includes a gas-liquid separator, which is installed between the water storage tank and the hydrogen storage tank and connected in series with the power mechanism. The gas-liquid separator is used to separate water and gas in the water transferred to the hydrogen storage tank.

10. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 9, characterized in that, It includes a second regulating valve, which is located at the inlet of the gas-liquid separator. The second regulating valve is used to control the water flow rate entering the gas-liquid separator according to the liquid level of the gas-liquid separator.

11. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 9, characterized in that, It includes an airbag, which is connected to the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator.

12. The hydrogen storage and supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, Each of the storage tanks is connected to a first liquid phase pipeline and a second liquid phase pipeline at its bottom. The first liquid phase pipeline of any one of the storage tanks is connected to the second liquid phase pipeline of the other storage tanks, and the second liquid phase pipeline of any one of the storage tanks is connected to the first liquid phase pipeline of the other storage tanks. Each of the first liquid phase pipelines is equipped with a first liquid phase valve for controlling the opening and closing of the first liquid phase pipeline, and each of the second liquid phase pipelines is equipped with a second liquid phase valve for controlling the opening and closing of the second liquid phase pipeline.

13. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 12, characterized in that, The system includes control valves, which are installed on pipelines that are connected to each of the first liquid phase pipelines. The control valves are used to control the opening or closing of each of the first liquid phase pipelines.

14. The hydrogen storage and supply device according to claim 12, characterized in that, It includes an inlet regulating valve, which is installed on a pipeline that is connected to each of the second liquid phase pipelines. The inlet regulating valve is used to control the water flow rate entering any of the storage tanks according to the pipeline network pressure of the storage pipeline.

15. The hydrogen storage and supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, Each of the storage tanks is connected to a gas phase pipeline at its top, and each gas phase pipeline is connected to the storage pipeline. Each gas phase pipeline is equipped with a gas phase valve, which is used to control the opening and closing of each gas phase pipeline.

16. The hydrogen storage and supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The system includes a hydrogen regulating valve, which is installed on the storage pipeline and is used to regulate the amount of hydrogen entering the storage tank according to the pipeline network pressure and the pressure of the storage tank.

17. A hydrogen storage and supply system, characterized in that: The invention includes a hydrogen production device and a hydrogen storage and supply device as described in any one of claims 1-16, wherein the storage pipeline is connected to the outlet end of the hydrogen production device. The outlet of the hydrogen production equipment is also connected to a hydrogen use pipeline, which is arranged in parallel with the storage pipeline. The hydrogen supplied by each of the storage tanks flows into the hydrogen use pipeline.

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