A new two-chamber structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel two combustion chamber structure, it can adjust size flexibly, is applicable to more application scene. It includes: from top to bottom setting in proper order flue, upper cylinder, lower cylinder and hopper, the upper cylinder with lower cylinder is all cylindrical structure, the diameter of upper cylinder is greater than the diameter of lower cylinder, both inner cavities intercommunication, the hopper is conical cylinder structure, and the top opening of hopper is communicated with lower cylinder, two combustion chamber flue gas entrance is arranged on the lateral wall of hopper, two combustion chamber flue gas outlet is arranged on the top of upper cylinder, the flue is cylindrical inverted V structure, one end is communicated with two combustion chamber flue gas outlet, and the other end is communicated with the flue gas entrance of waste heat boiler, the inner cavities of lower cylinder and hopper are equipped with burner respectively.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tail gas treatment technology for solid waste incineration and hazardous waste incineration, specifically a novel two-combustion chamber structure. Background Technology

[0002] In solid waste incineration and hazardous waste incineration processes, the treatment process of a certain project is as follows: After preliminary dust removal by a cyclone dust collector and pre-acid removal by a dry reactor, the flue gas enters the secondary combustion chamber for high-temperature combustion again. Natural gas assists combustion through the burner nozzles, achieving a combustion temperature of over 1100℃. The residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is ≥2.5 seconds, ensuring complete and thorough combustion of the hazardous waste entering the waste heat system. The high-temperature flue gas, fully combusted in the secondary combustion chamber, is then sent to the tail gas treatment system. The patent shown in application number 202321314263.0 represents a hazardous waste incineration and flue gas purification system currently in use by our company. In this system, the pre-acid removal outlet flue is inserted into the lower cone of the secondary combustion chamber. The exhaust outlet of the secondary combustion chamber connects to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler via the flue, and the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber enters the waste heat boiler.

[0003] However, in actual use, many manufacturers do not leave enough installation space for the secondary combustion chamber when constructing factory buildings and waste heat boilers. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the waste heat boiler 4 and the secondary combustion chamber mounting bracket 3 are already installed in the plant 1. The heights of the roof 2, the secondary combustion chamber mounting bracket 3, and the waste heat boiler flue gas inlet 5 of the plant 1 cannot be changed. Insufficient internal height of the plant 1 will directly result in insufficient height of the secondary combustion chamber, failing to meet the residence time requirements of flue gas during hazardous waste combustion, thus leading to incomplete combustion. Moreover, the flue gas exhaust port of the secondary combustion chamber is usually located at the top, while the position of the waste heat boiler flue gas inlet 5 prevents the flue gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber from entering from the bottom up. However, if the flue is designed with a long horizontal section, the high-temperature flue gas coking can easily cause blockage of the flue. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problem that existing dual-combustion chamber structures cannot be properly installed and used when there is insufficient reserved height space in the factory building, this utility model provides a novel dual-combustion chamber structure that can be flexibly adjusted in size and is suitable for more application scenarios.

[0005] The structure of this utility model is as follows: a novel two-combustion chamber structure, characterized in that it comprises: a flue, an upper cylinder, a lower cylinder, and an ash hopper arranged sequentially from top to bottom.

[0006] Both the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are cylindrical structures, with the diameter of the upper cylinder being larger than that of the lower cylinder, and their inner cavities are interconnected; the ash hopper is a conical structure, with its top opening connected to the lower cylinder;

[0007] The flue gas inlet of the secondary combustion chamber is located on the side wall of the ash hopper; the flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is located at the top of the upper cylinder.

[0008] The flue is a cylindrical inverted V-shaped structure, with one end connected to the flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber and the other end connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler.

[0009] Burners are respectively installed in the inner cavities of the lower cylinder and the ash hopper.

[0010] Its further features are:

[0011] The lower cylinder contains two burners, the extension lines of the injection directions of the two burners are parallel to each other, and neither of them passes through the center of the inner cavity of the lower cylinder.

[0012] The extension line of the injection direction of the burner installed in the ash hopper passes through the center of the inner cavity of the ash hopper;

[0013] It also includes a rapid exhaust chimney, which is located at the very top of the flue;

[0014] It also includes temperature measuring points, which are set at the flue gas outlets of the ash hopper and the secondary combustion chamber;

[0015] It also includes a secondary air intake structure, which includes: an air intake manifold and an air intake nozzle;

[0016] The shape of the main air inlet pipe is adapted to the shape of the lower cylinder and is arranged along the circumference of the lower cylinder; an air inlet nozzle is arranged inside the main air inlet pipe; the air inlet nozzle is inclined downward in the spray direction.

[0017] In the secondary air intake structure, the included angle between the spray directions of adjacent air intake nozzles is 36°.

[0018] The included angle of the inverted V structure of the flue is 70°.

[0019] This application provides a novel secondary combustion chamber structure. The diameter of the lower cylinder of the secondary combustion chamber is designed according to the dimensions of the pre-reserved secondary combustion chamber mounting bracket in the factory building. The diameter of the upper cylinder is designed to be larger than that of the lower cylinder. When flue gas enters from the ash hopper from bottom to top, it is ignited sequentially by the burners installed in the ash hopper and the secondary combustion chamber. Then, it enters the upper cylinder with a larger diameter from the lower cylinder with a smaller radius, slowing down the flue gas velocity and prolonging its residence time in the secondary combustion chamber, ensuring complete combustion. This application places the flue at the top of the upper cylinder and sets it in an inverted V-shape, ensuring that both the inlet and outlet of the flue are located at low positions. Even if impurities mixed in the flue gas settle or coking occurs, they will slide down from both sides of the V-shaped flue into the secondary combustion chamber or the waste heat boiler, greatly reducing the probability of flue blockage caused by high-temperature flue gas coking. The outlet position of the flue is set based on the flue gas inlet position of the waste heat boiler, allowing for flexible adaptation to the reserved flue inlet position of the waste heat boiler. The technical solution of this application can meet the requirements of flue gas residence time during combustion in the secondary combustion chamber, while making full use of the reserved space in the factory, and can adapt to more application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the reserved space structure for the factory building;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the novel two-combustion chamber structure of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed in the CC direction;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed in the DD direction;

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed in FF direction;

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram of section B in the middle. Detailed Implementation

[0026] like Figures 2-6As shown, this application includes a novel secondary combustion chamber structure, comprising: a flue 68, an upper cylinder 61, a lower cylinder 62, and an ash hopper 63 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The secondary combustion chamber flue gas inlet 64 is located on the side wall of the ash hopper 63; the secondary combustion chamber flue gas outlet 65 is located at the top of the upper cylinder 61. In this embodiment, the secondary combustion chamber flue gas outlet 65 is positioned away from the centerline of the upper cylinder to avoid the main beam of the plant 1. The flue gas discharged from the incineration kiln outlet is treated by a cyclone dust collector and a dry reactor before entering the secondary combustion chamber flue gas inlet 64, and then enters the secondary combustion chamber cavity from bottom to top from the inner cavity of the ash hopper 63.

[0027] To prolong the residence time of flue gas inside the secondary combustion chamber, and due to limited installation space, this application divides the secondary combustion chamber into two parts: the lower cylinder adopts a circular structure with a smaller diameter, and the upper cylinder adopts a circular structure with a larger diameter. Figure 2 As shown, both the upper cylinder 61 and the lower cylinder 62 are cylindrical structures, with the diameter of the upper cylinder 61 being larger than that of the lower cylinder 62. Their inner cavities are interconnected. A frustum-shaped transition section 66, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, connects the two cylinders. The specific diameters of the upper and lower cylinders are determined based on the available installation space.

[0028] The upper cylinder 61 is a circular structure made of rolled steel plate. Its large radius ensures that the flue gas temperature remains above 1100℃ and that its residence time in the secondary combustion chamber is ≥2 seconds (generally 3 seconds in design). The larger radius also effectively reduces the height, ensuring that the residence time requirement is met within a limited space. Measuring points are located at the top to monitor various parameters; the residence time is calculated as the sum of the times the flue gas spends in the lower and upper cylinders.

[0029] The lower cylinder 62 is a circular structure made of rolled steel plate with a small radius. A support 67 is installed above the lower cylinder 62 to cooperate with the pre-installed secondary combustion chamber mounting bracket 3, enabling the fixed installation of the secondary combustion chamber. Because of the small radius of the lower cylinder 62, the support 67 is placed on the outer periphery of the lower cylinder 62, allowing for a corresponding reduction in the spacing of the steel frames supporting the secondary combustion chamber. This saves on steel structure materials and effectively reduces costs while maintaining strength.

[0030] This application also includes a secondary air intake structure, which comprises: a main air intake pipe 8, a first branch pipe 81, a second branch pipe 82, and an air intake nozzle 83. The main air intake pipe 8 is connected to the air intake nozzle 83 through the first branch pipe 81 and the second branch pipe 82. The main air intake pipe 8 is located on the outer circumference of the lower cylinder 62, and its shape is adapted to the shape of the lower cylinder 62, and it is arranged along the circumference of the lower cylinder 62. The first branch pipe 81 and the second branch pipe 82 are located on the inner side of the main air intake pipe 8, near the lower cylinder. The second branch pipe 82 passes through the ash hopper 63 and connects the air intake nozzle 83 to the inner cavity of the ash hopper 63.

[0031] Based on the installation angle of the second branch pipe 82, the injection direction of the air inlet nozzle 83 is tilted downwards to ensure that the secondary air increases the turbulence after entering the secondary combustion chamber. In the secondary air inlet structure, the included angle between the injection directions of adjacent air inlet nozzles 83 is 36°. The arrangement of the nozzles allows for thorough mixing with the flue gas, forming disturbances and eddies, ensuring that the flue gas is evenly and fully exposed to oxygen, which is beneficial for complete combustion and thorough decomposition of pollutants. In addition to meeting the requirements for complete combustion of combustible gases, the secondary air makeup air also needs to ensure that the oxygen concentration in the exhaust gas meets the regulatory requirements; realizing the "3T+E" control method in the furnace, namely ensuring sufficient temperature of the flue gas at the incinerator outlet, sufficient residence time of the flue gas in the combustion chamber, appropriate turbulence during combustion, and excess air.

[0032] Specifically, the cylinder wall structure layers of the upper cylinder 61 and the lower cylinder 62 include, from the outside to the inside: steel plate, ceramic fiber board, lightweight thermal insulation castable and anti-stripping inner structure. The inner structure includes: chrome corundum bricks (except for irregular parts) and chrome corundum castable (irregular parts), to ensure that it can support the high-temperature combustion environment of hazardous waste.

[0033] The ash hopper 63 has a conical structure, and the top opening of the ash hopper 63 connects to the lower cylinder 62. In specific implementation, the ash hopper 63 is made of steel plate rolled and assembled into a cone shape with an angle ≥60° to facilitate ash discharge; it is also equipped with manhole, burner inlet, observation port, secondary air inlet (not marked in the figure) and other structures.

[0034] Since the inlet location of the downstream waste heat boiler is already determined and cannot be changed, the top-mounted flue is designed according to the height of the on-site plant. In this application, flue 68 is designed as a steeply inclined, downward-facing type. The flue 68 connecting to the flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is set as a cylindrical shape, and is also made into a steeply inclined structure before entering the downstream waste heat boiler. Figure 2 As shown, flue 68 has a cylindrical inverted V-shaped structure, with one end connected to the flue gas outlet 65 of the secondary combustion chamber and the other end connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler. Due to the inverted V-shaped structure, even if coking or dust accumulation occurs in the flue gas, it will slide off along the inclined flue on both sides of the inverted V, greatly reducing the probability of flue blockage. In this embodiment, the included angle of the inverted V structure of flue 68 is 70°. The inverted V-shaped flue in this application minimizes the probability of dust blockage and simultaneously implements unblocking measures, such as providing manual cleaning holes.

[0035] Burners 7 are respectively installed in the inner cavities of the lower cylinder 62 and the ash hopper 63. For example... Figure 3 As shown, the lower cylinder 62 contains two burners 7. The extended lines of the injection directions of the two burners 7 are parallel to each other and neither passes through the center of the inner cavity of the lower cylinder 62, ensuring that the flue gas and secondary air entering from below are fully combusted after mixing. Figure 5 As shown, the extension line of the injection direction of the burner 7 installed in the ash hopper 63 passes through the center of the inner cavity of the ash hopper 63.

[0036] In order to effectively regulate the combustion temperature of the secondary combustion chamber, this application includes a configuration with three burners in the secondary combustion chamber. Even if one burner fails, the other two burners can still meet the operating requirements. Temperature measurement points (not marked in the diagram) are set at the ash hopper 63 and the flue gas outlet 65 of the secondary combustion chamber. In practice, the burners can be started or stopped, or the flame size adjusted, based on the detected temperature.

[0037] After using the technical solution of this utility model, the flue gas discharged from the incineration and roasting outlet with a temperature range of 300°~500° is treated by a cyclone dust collector and a dry reactor, and then enters the secondary combustion chamber through the flue gas inlet 64 from the ash hopper 63. The inclined downward air inlet nozzle 83 sprays secondary air downward. The flue gas entering the ash hopper mixes with the secondary air and is ignited by the combustion-supporting gas 7 in the ash hopper for the first combustion. The flue gas rises and passes through the burner 7 in the lower cylinder 62 for a second combustion, and continues to rise into the inner cavity of the upper cylinder 61. Because the flue gas enters the upper cylinder 61 with a larger diameter from the narrower diameter lower cylinder 62, the flue gas velocity slows down. The combustion temperature in the inner cavity of the lower cylinder 62 reaches above 1100°C. The residence time of the flue gas in the secondary combustion chamber is ≥2.5 seconds, ensuring that the hazardous waste entering the waste heat system is fully and completely burned. Then, the high-temperature flue gas that has been fully burned in the secondary combustion chamber is sent to the waste heat boiler 4 through the inverted V-shaped flue 68 for flue gas heat recovery and utilization.

Claims

1. A novel dual-combustion chamber structure, characterized in that, It includes: The components arranged from top to bottom are the flue, upper cylinder, lower cylinder, and ash hopper. Both the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are cylindrical structures, with the diameter of the upper cylinder being larger than that of the lower cylinder, and their inner cavities are interconnected; the ash hopper is a conical structure, with its top opening connected to the lower cylinder; The flue gas inlet of the secondary combustion chamber is located on the side wall of the ash hopper; the flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber is located at the top of the upper cylinder. The flue is a cylindrical inverted V-shaped structure, with one end connected to the flue gas outlet of the secondary combustion chamber and the other end connected to the flue gas inlet of the waste heat boiler. Burners are respectively installed in the inner cavities of the lower cylinder and the ash hopper.

2. The novel dual-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower cylinder contains two burners, the extension lines of the injection directions of the two burners are parallel to each other, and neither of them passes through the center of the inner cavity of the lower cylinder.

3. The novel dual-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extension line of the injection direction of the burner installed in the ash hopper passes through the center of the inner cavity of the ash hopper.

4. The novel dual-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a rapid exhaust chimney, which is located at the very top of the flue.

5. The novel dual-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes temperature measuring points, which are set at the flue gas outlets of the ash hopper and the secondary combustion chamber.

6. The novel dual-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a secondary air intake structure, which includes: an air intake manifold and an air intake nozzle; The shape of the main air inlet pipe is adapted to the shape of the lower cylinder and is arranged along the circumference of the lower cylinder; an air inlet nozzle is arranged inside the main air inlet pipe; the air inlet nozzle is inclined downward in the spray direction.

7. The novel dual-combustion chamber structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the secondary air intake structure, the included angle between the spray directions of adjacent air intake nozzles is 36°.

8. The novel dual-combustion chamber structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle of the inverted V structure of the flue is 70°.

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