A transformer overall temperature monitoring system
By combining a distributed temperature-sensing fiber optic system with an air temperature sensor, the problem of inaccurate transformer winding temperature monitoring was solved, enabling accurate monitoring of transformer winding temperature and timely fault warning, thus improving the system's reliability and fault warning capabilities.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGXI WEIKETE ELECTRIC CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively monitor the temperature distribution of transformer windings, resulting in inadequate fault early warning capabilities, especially for dry-type transformers where temperature monitoring is not accurate or timely enough.
A distributed temperature-sensing fiber optic system is adopted, which monitors temperature by winding multiple temperature-sensing fibers at various heights and combines them with an air temperature sensor for data calibration. The Raman scattering principle is used to achieve comprehensive temperature monitoring and real-time dynamic acquisition.
It enables precise monitoring of transformer winding temperature, improves fault early warning capability, ensures system reliability and timely maintenance, avoids abnormal temperature sensing fiber optic data, and significantly improves the reliability of temperature monitoring.
Smart Images
Figure CN224327825U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of transformers, and specifically relates to a comprehensive temperature monitoring system for transformers. Background Technology
[0002] Transformers are crucial equipment in power systems. Common transformer faults often involve winding overheating, leading to insulation aging and winding breakdown. A transformer's lifespan depends on its winding temperature. When the transformer winding insulation temperature is within the range of 80-130℃, the insulation aging rate doubles for every 6℃ increase in temperature, effectively reducing the lifespan by half. Therefore, measuring transformer temperature is extremely important for early warning and timely remedial action in the event of transformer failures. This is especially true for dry-type transformers, which rely on air cooling; proper temperature monitoring is paramount.
[0003] Compared to traditional electrical sensors, fiber optic sensors offer the advantage of continuous spatial coverage. A single fiber can achieve continuous monitoring over tens of meters, eliminating the need for scattered sensors and allowing temperature monitoring at any point along the fiber. Made of glass / quartz, fiber optics are unaffected by high voltage or strong magnetic fields. They require no power supply, avoid the aging issues of electronic components, and have a long lifespan. Compared to traditional thermocouple and strain gauge sensors, they do not require periodic calibration or replacement. The application of fiber optic sensors in the field of transformers has significant research value. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a comprehensive temperature monitoring system for transformers.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a comprehensive temperature monitoring system for a transformer, including an iron core, three windings wound around the iron core, and three protective covers surrounding the windings. The monitoring system also includes a temperature-sensing optical fiber and its signal acquisition card. The temperature-sensing optical fiber enters from the gap between the windings and the protective covers. The temperature-sensing optical fiber is wound around the windings from top to bottom or from bottom to top. Then, the temperature-sensing optical fiber exits from the gap on the other side and enters the gap between another winding and the protective cover in a flying wire layout. The temperature-sensing optical fiber is wound around the windings at the same height 2-3 times, and this height is used as the temperature measurement area. The temperature-sensing optical fiber is provided with at least three temperature measurement areas at different heights, and the temperature-sensing optical fibers distributed between two adjacent temperature measurement areas serve as transition areas.
[0006] As an improvement to the above scheme, the temperature-sensing optical fiber is wound around the winding 0.5-1 turns in the transition region.
[0007] As an improvement to the above solution, the winding is wrapped with insulating paper at the height corresponding to the temperature measurement area, and the temperature-sensing optical fiber is pressed onto the surface of the winding through the insulating paper.
[0008] As an improvement to the above solution, the end of the temperature-sensing optical fiber is arranged in a spiral shape around the exhaust port of the transformer to measure the temperature of the exhaust port, and then connected to the signal acquisition card.
[0009] As an improvement to the above solution, an air temperature sensor is installed at the exhaust port of the transformer.
[0010] As an improvement to the above solution, the signal acquisition card is electrically connected to a photoelectric converter, the photoelectric converter is electrically connected to a laser, and the signal acquisition card, the photoelectric converter, and the laser are all electrically connected to a power source.
[0011] As an improvement to the above solution, the outer side of the protective cover is provided with several protruding hooks, through which the temperature-sensing optical fiber is routed.
[0012] This invention offers the following advantages: The distributed temperature-sensing fiber optic system is simple in structure and easy to deploy. Based on the Raman scattering principle, only a single complete temperature-sensing fiber is needed to comprehensively monitor the temperature information of all three windings of a transformer, accurately presenting the distribution of the entire temperature field and achieving real-time dynamic monitoring. By optimizing the fiber winding method, the system can more accurately collect temperature parameters in key areas; simultaneously, the introduction of an air temperature sensor for data calibration effectively avoids abnormal data from the temperature-sensing fiber. Once an anomaly is detected, the system can immediately alert personnel for maintenance, significantly improving the reliability of transformer temperature monitoring and its fault early warning capability. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a monitoring system in one embodiment;
[0014] Figure 2 This is a temperature change graph of a temperature-sensing optical fiber in one embodiment.
[0015] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached diagram: 10, iron core; 20, winding; 30, protective cover; 40, temperature-sensing optical fiber; 51, signal acquisition card; 52, photoelectric converter; 53, laser; 54, power supply. Detailed Implementation
[0016] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "top surface", "bottom surface", "inner", "outer", "inner side", "outer side", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.
[0017] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Where the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.
[0018] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "setting" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. The embodiments of this utility model will now be described based on its overall structure.
[0019] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This utility model discloses a comprehensive temperature monitoring system for a transformer, including an iron core 10, three windings 20 wound around the iron core 10, and three protective covers 30 covering the windings 20. The monitoring system also includes a temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 and its signal acquisition card 51. The temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 enters from the gap between the windings 20 and the protective covers 30. The temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is wound around the windings 20 from top to bottom or from bottom to top. Then, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 emerges from the gap on the other side and enters the gap between another winding 20 and the protective cover 30 in a flying wire layout. The temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is wound around the windings 20 at the same height 2-3 times, and this height is used as the temperature measurement area. The temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is provided with at least three temperature measurement areas at different heights, and the temperature-sensing optical fibers 40 distributed between two adjacent temperature measurement areas serve as transition areas.
[0020] like Figure 2 As shown, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40, after being wound 2-3 times, requires a length of approximately 2 meters. The computer can calculate the average temperature within this length range to obtain a more accurate temperature. Figure 2 The area where the temperature drops significantly indicates that the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is in a suspended position between two adjacent windings 20. For example... Figure 1 The temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is wound around the upper, middle, and lower parts of the winding 20. The temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 enters from the upper left and extends from the lower right of the leftmost winding 20, enters from the lower left and extends from the upper right of the middle winding 20, enters from the upper left and extends from the lower right of the rightmost winding 20, and finally returns to the signal acquisition card 51.
[0021] As an improvement to the above scheme, the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is wound around the winding 0.5-1 turns in the transition region.
[0022] As an improvement to the above solution, insulating paper is wound around the winding 20 at the height corresponding to the temperature measurement area, and the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is pressed against the surface of the winding 20 by the insulating paper. This solution allows the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 to better fit the surface of the winding 20, thus obtaining more accurate temperature information.
[0023] As an improvement to the above solution, the end of the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 is arranged in a spiral shape around the transformer's exhaust vent to measure the temperature of the exhaust vent, and finally connected to the signal acquisition card 51. A length of 3-5 meters is reserved at both ends of the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 for trimming or additional placement. This example uses the above solution, which can also monitor the ventilation of the transformer.
[0024] As an improvement to the above solution, an air temperature sensor is installed at the transformer's exhaust vent. Using this solution, the computer simultaneously acquires the parameters of the air temperature sensor and the temperature measured by the temperature-sensing fiber optic cable 40. The two temperatures are compared; if the error is less than ±2℃, the monitoring system is operating normally. If the error exceeds this range, the computer issues a warning, and staff check for faults in the air temperature sensor or the temperature-sensing fiber optic cable 40.
[0025] As an improvement to the above solution, the signal acquisition card 51 is electrically connected to a photoelectric converter 52, the photoelectric converter 52 is electrically connected to a laser 53, and the signal acquisition card 51, the photoelectric converter 52 and the laser 53 are all electrically connected to a power supply 54.
[0026] As an improvement to the above solution, the outer side of the protective cover 30 is provided with several protruding hooks, through which the temperature-sensing optical fiber 40 passes for wiring.
[0027] This distributed temperature-sensing fiber optic system is simple in structure and easy to deploy. Based on the Raman scattering principle, only a single complete temperature-sensing fiber optic cable 40 is needed to comprehensively monitor the temperature information of all three windings 20 of the transformer, accurately presenting the distribution of the entire temperature field and achieving real-time dynamic monitoring. By optimizing the fiber winding method, the system can more accurately collect temperature parameters in key areas; at the same time, the introduction of an air temperature sensor for data calibration effectively avoids abnormal data from the temperature-sensing fiber optic cable 40. Once an anomaly is detected, the system can immediately alert personnel to carry out maintenance, significantly improving the reliability of transformer temperature monitoring and fault early warning capabilities.
[0028] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A comprehensive temperature monitoring system for a transformer, comprising an iron core, three windings wound around the iron core, and three protective covers surrounding the windings, characterized in that: The monitoring system also includes a temperature-sensing optical fiber and its signal acquisition card. The temperature-sensing optical fiber enters from the gap between the winding and the protective cover. The temperature-sensing optical fiber is wound around the winding from top to bottom or from bottom to top. Then, the temperature-sensing optical fiber emerges from the gap on the other side and enters the gap between another winding and the protective cover in a flying wire layout. The temperature-sensing optical fiber is wound around the winding at the same height 2-3 times, and this height is used as the temperature measurement area. The temperature-sensing optical fiber is provided with at least three temperature measurement areas at different heights, and the temperature-sensing optical fibers distributed between two adjacent temperature measurement areas serve as transition areas.
2. The transformer comprehensive temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature-sensing optical fiber is wound around the winding 0.5-1 turns in the transition region.
3. The transformer comprehensive temperature monitoring system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The winding is wrapped with insulating paper at the height corresponding to the temperature measurement area, and the temperature-sensing optical fiber is pressed onto the surface of the winding through the insulating paper.
4. The transformer comprehensive temperature monitoring system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the temperature-sensing optical fiber is arranged in a spiral shape around the exhaust vent of the transformer to measure the temperature of the exhaust vent, and then it is finally connected to the signal acquisition card.
5. The transformer comprehensive temperature monitoring system according to claim 4, characterized in that: An air temperature sensor is installed at the exhaust vent of the transformer.
6. The transformer comprehensive temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal acquisition card is electrically connected to a photoelectric converter, the photoelectric converter is electrically connected to a laser, and the signal acquisition card, the photoelectric converter, and the laser are all electrically connected to a power source.
7. The transformer comprehensive temperature monitoring system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer side of the protective cover is provided with several protruding hooks, through which the temperature-sensing optical fiber is routed.