Universal detection device for piezoelectric performance of underwater acoustic transducer piezoelectric ceramics

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of general detection devices of piezoelectric performance of underwater acoustic transducer piezoelectric ceramic, comprising: vibrating support, provide installation site, for the measured transducer and standard transducer are fixed in symmetrical position, and vibration energy output is carried out to both simultaneously;Signal acquisition and monitoring module, for simultaneously acquisition, monitoring the output signal of measured transducer and standard transducer, and adjusting the parameters of vibrating support, so that the amplitude of two-way signal is stabilized in certain range;Data processing module, for recording the output amplitude A1 of standard transducer, calculating the ratio K1 of two-way signal amplitude;Measurement element set storage module, for storing measurement element set M;Control module, for after replacing measured transducer, according to measurement element set M condition, obtain the K2 value of new measured transducer, and batch test obtain a K n Sequence, control the sequence fluctuation in certain range, to control the consistency of the core performance index of finished product transducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of piezoelectric ceramic testing technology, specifically to a universal testing device for the piezoelectric performance of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers. Background Technology

[0002] A piezoelectric ceramic-based underwater acoustic transducer generally consists of structural components, a piezoelectric ceramic, a preamplifier circuit, and a vulcanization layer. It is primarily used for underwater acoustic signal acquisition (passive underwater acoustic transducer) and underwater acoustic signal transmission (active underwater acoustic transducer). The structural components in the transducer are used to hold and mount the piezoelectric ceramic, and also serve as the attachment surface for the vulcanization layer. The preamplifier circuit is used for signal amplification and impedance matching. The vulcanization layer is generally formed using a polyurethane vulcanization process, used to form an insulating layer between the piezoelectric ceramic and the acoustic medium (water), while also providing some protection to the fragile ceramic. Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the internal structure of a typical underwater acoustic transducer.

[0003] Piezoelectric ceramics, as the core component of transducers, can convert the mechanical energy of acoustic vibrations into electrical energy of electric fields. As a receiving transducer, piezoelectric ceramics convert the mechanical energy of acoustic vibrations into weak electrical signals. As a transmitting transducer, piezoelectric ceramics convert electrical signals into mechanical vibrations, transmitting the energy in the form of sound waves. The piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric ceramic directly determine the key performance indicators of the transducer, such as sensitivity, transmission response, and directivity. Therefore, achieving optimal piezoelectric performance is a crucial issue in the design and manufacturing of underwater acoustic transducers.

[0004] The piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics are affected by various factors, with prestress adjustment being the most critical in engineering practice. Due to the limitations of the application scenarios and manufacturing processes of underwater acoustic transducers, core indicators such as sensitivity and directivity can only be quantitatively assessed through professional underwater testing. Therefore, indicator testing can only be conducted after the transducer has completed vulcanization molding. However, the prestress of the piezoelectric ceramic cannot be adjusted after vulcanization molding. If defects in the early assembly process cause prestress imbalance, there is a certain probability that the core indicators such as sensitivity and directivity will exceed tolerances. Therefore, how to quantitatively test the piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric ceramic after assembly and before vulcanization molding is key to improving transducer quality. Figure 2 The diagram shows a typical underwater acoustic transducer with piezoelectric ceramic prestressing. During the transducer assembly process, a downward prestress is applied to the lower piezoelectric ceramic ring by adjusting the clamping nut. The magnitude and balance of this prestress directly affect the key performance indicators of the transducer after vulcanization. If the piezoelectric performance under prestress can be measured and evaluated before vulcanization, the transducer's pass rate can be effectively improved. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers in order to solve the above-mentioned problems and improve the pass rate of transducers.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers, comprising:

[0007] The vibration bracket provides a mounting position for fixing the transducer under test and the standard transducer in symmetrical positions and simultaneously outputting vibration energy to both.

[0008] The signal acquisition and monitoring module is used to simultaneously acquire and monitor the output signals of the transducer under test and the standard transducer, and adjust various parameters of the vibration support to stabilize the amplitude of the two signals within a certain range.

[0009] The data processing module is used to record the output amplitude A1 of the standard transducer and calculate the ratio K1 of the amplitudes of the two signals. The value of K1 is the scalar value of the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic of the transducer under test in the assembled state.

[0010] The measurement feature set storage module is used to store the measurement feature set M;

[0011] The control module is used to obtain the K2 value of the new transducer under test based on the measurement element set M after the transducer under test is replaced, and to obtain a K value through batch testing. n The sequence is controlled to fluctuate within a certain range, thereby controlling the consistency of the core performance indicators of the finished transducer.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0013] The signal acquisition and monitoring module includes a time window selection unit, which is used to select the same time window during the steady-state process of the two signals and extract the average amplitude of the two signals within the time window for calculation.

[0014] The set of measurement elements M includes the installation position of the transducer under test, the installation position of the standard transducer, and the output parameters of the vibration fixture.

[0015] The vibration support includes:

[0016] Mounting brackets, symmetrically arranged, are used to mount the transducer under test and the standard transducer;

[0017] The vibration fixture is set on one side of the mounting bracket and is used to simultaneously output vibration energy to the transducer under test and the standard transducer.

[0018] A vibration motor is connected to a vibration fixture, and the vibration motor is connected to a vibration control box.

[0019] The signal acquisition and monitoring module includes a signal acquisition system, which is connected to the transducer under test and the standard transducer via a connecting cable. The system uses host computer software to capture the amplitude of the two signals and compare their ratios.

[0020] The mounting bracket is equipped with an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the installation position of the transducer under test and the standard transducer.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0022] It can optimize the piezoelectric properties of the transducer piezoelectric ceramic before vulcanization molding.

[0023] For batch samples, the piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric ceramics can be effectively controlled within a certain range, thereby ensuring the consistency of key performance indicators of the transducer.

[0024] It enables convenient, quick, and quantitative research on the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics under different prestress conditions, providing new ideas and methods for the design of various transducers and the selection of piezoelectric ceramics. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a typical underwater acoustic transducer of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the prestressed piezoelectric ceramic of a typical underwater acoustic transducer according to this utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the steady-state selection of the two signals of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the test points selected evenly in a 360° horizontal direction for the circular piezoelectric ceramic of this utility model;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the detection device of this utility model;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0033] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are explained as follows: 1. Mounting bracket; 2. Vibration fixture; 3. Vibration control box; 4. Vibration motor; 5. Connecting cable; 6. Signal acquisition system; 7. Adjustment mechanism. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0035] This invention utilizes the basic principle of piezoelectric ceramic energy conversion and adopts a symmetrical installation structure. It simultaneously inputs mechanical energy to the test sample and a standard transducer and collects electrical signals (output). By comparing the energy amplitudes of the two collected signals, a quantitative value of the piezoelectric performance of the test sample is calculated. This allows for the evaluation of the prestress of the piezoelectric ceramic in the transducer. Based on the evaluation results, adjustments are made continuously to ensure that the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic reaches the expected range.

[0036] This embodiment provides the following technical solution: a general testing method for the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S1: Install the piezoelectric ceramic of the transducer under test into the structural component and adjust its prestress state;

[0038] For piezoelectric ceramics with different structures and installation methods, there are two levels of meaning. The first refers to unintentionally applied prestress, which is commonly seen in the natural stress points formed by the attachment and connection between the piezoelectric ceramic and the structural components. The second refers to intentionally applied prestress, which is mainly based on the basic principle of piezoelectric ceramics, applying prestress axially or radially to its radiating surface to achieve specific piezoelectric properties. Common examples include clamping bolts and baffles.

[0039] S2: Fix the transducer under test and the standard transducer in symmetrical positions at the same time, and use the symmetrical vibration fixture to output vibration energy to both at the same time.

[0040] The emphasis on "symmetry" is to facilitate simultaneous, equal-volume, same-frequency vibration input to both transducers using vibration fixtures. The symmetrical position can be adjusted according to the specific transducer size and structure. A "standard transducer" refers to a transducer that has been tested by a professional metrology institution and has a stable frequency response.

[0041] S3: Simultaneously acquire and monitor the output signals of both transducers. If necessary, adjust various parameters of the vibration fixture to stabilize the amplitude of the two signals within a certain range. Record the output amplitude of the standard transducer at this time, denoted as A1.

[0042] The "various parameters of the tooling" mentioned include, but are not limited to, distance, position, frequency, amplitude, etc., with the aim of ensuring that the two acquired signals are complete and stable.

[0043] S4: Calculate the ratio of the amplitudes of the two signals, denoted as K1. The K value is the scalar value of the piezoelectric performance of the transducer piezoelectric ceramic under test in the assembled state. At the same time, fix the set of measurement elements M at this time, including the installation position of the test object, the installation position of the standard transducer, the output parameters of the vibration fixture, etc.

[0044] S41: Calculate the ratio of the amplitudes of the two signals, denoted as K1. Considering signal fluctuations, the average amplitude of the two signals within the same time window should be used for calculation. The time window should be selected during the steady-state process of the two signals; non-steady-state signals should not be included in the time window, as follows: Figure 3 As shown.

[0045] S42: Fix the set of measurement elements M at this time. This step should fully consider all factors that affect the vibration energy output. Generally, it must include factors such as the installation position of the test object, the installation position of the standard transducer, and the position of the vibration fixture.

[0046] S5: Replace the test item and, under the conditions of the measurement element set M, obtain the K2 value of the new test item. Similarly, for batch testing, a K value can be obtained. n The sequence is maintained within a certain range to control the consistency of the core performance indicators of the finished transducer.

[0047] In step S5, the difference between the output value of the standard transducer and the A1 value should also be observed. When the difference exceeds a preset threshold, it indicates a non-negligible shift in the measurement element set M. The test elements should be adjusted promptly to bring the output value of the standard transducer back to the A1 value. The "changing the test object" in step S5 can also refer to testing different positions of the same piezoelectric ceramic. For example, when evaluating the piezoelectric performance of a circular piezoelectric ceramic at a horizontal 360° angle, points can be evenly selected on the circumference. Figure 4 As shown.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, this utility model also provides a universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of underwater acoustic transducers using the method described above, comprising:

[0049] The vibration bracket provides a mounting position for fixing the transducer under test and the standard transducer in symmetrical positions and simultaneously outputting vibration energy to both.

[0050] The signal acquisition and monitoring module is used to simultaneously acquire and monitor the output signals of the transducer under test and the standard transducer, and adjust various parameters of the vibration support to stabilize the amplitude of the two signals within a certain range.

[0051] The data processing module is used to record the output amplitude A1 of the standard transducer and calculate the ratio K1 of the amplitudes of the two signals. The value of K1 is the scalar value of the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic of the transducer under test in the assembled state.

[0052] The measurement feature set storage module is used to store the measurement feature set M;

[0053] The control module is used to obtain the K2 value of the new transducer under test based on the measurement element set M after the transducer under test is replaced, and to obtain a K value through batch testing. n The sequence is controlled to fluctuate within a certain range, thereby controlling the consistency of the core performance indicators of the finished transducer.

[0054] The signal acquisition and monitoring module includes a time window selection unit, which is used to select the same time window during the steady-state process of two signals and extract the average amplitude of the two signals within the time window for calculation.

[0055] The measurement element set M includes the installation position of the transducer under test, the installation position of the standard transducer, and the output parameters of the vibration fixture.

[0056] The vibration support includes:

[0057] Mounting bracket 1, symmetrically arranged, is used to mount the transducer under test and the standard transducer;

[0058] Vibration fixture 2 is set on one side of mounting bracket 1 and is used to simultaneously output vibration energy to the transducer under test and the standard transducer.

[0059] Vibration motor 4 is connected to vibration fixture 2, and vibration control box 3 is connected to vibration motor 4;

[0060] The signal acquisition and monitoring module includes a signal acquisition system 6, which is connected to the transducer under test and the standard transducer via a connecting cable 5. The system uses host computer software to capture the amplitude of the two signals and compare their ratios. The mounting bracket 1 facilitates the installation and fixation of the test object and the standard transducer, ensuring their spatial positions are equidistant from the contact points of the vibration fixture. The vibration fixture 2 has symmetrical vibration arms and contacts, allowing simultaneous vibration energy output to both the test object and the standard transducer. The length of the vibration arms is adjustable, and the vibration control box 3 adjusts the output power of the vibration motor 4, enabling parameter adjustments in step S3 to stabilize the amplitudes of the two signals within a certain range. The output signals from the two transducers enter the signal acquisition system 6 via the connecting cable 5. This system uses host computer software to capture the amplitudes of the two signals, compare their ratios, and automatically calculate the A and K values ​​in steps S3 and S4. Simultaneously, the system can monitor preset A and K value fluctuation thresholds, providing a system alert if the thresholds are exceeded. The adjustment mechanisms 7 and the output power of the vibration motor 4, distributed throughout the device, together solidify the set of measurement elements M under each state.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] like Figure 6 The illustration shows an example of testing the piezoelectric properties of the piezoelectric ceramic ring and adjusting the prestress during the mass production of underwater acoustic transducers, including the following steps:

[0063] S1: Install the piezoelectric ceramic ring of the transducer to be tested into the transducer structural components and adjust its prestress state;

[0064] S2: Fix the transducer under test and the standard transducer in symmetrical positions at the same time, and use the symmetrical vibration fixture to output vibration energy to both at the same time.

[0065] S3: Simultaneously acquire and monitor the output signals of both transducers. If necessary, adjust various parameters of the vibration fixture to stabilize the amplitude of the two signals within a certain range. Record the output amplitude of the standard transducer at this time, denoted as A1.

[0066] S4: Calculate the ratio of the amplitudes of the two signals, denoted as K1. Simultaneously, fix the set of measurement elements M at this time, such as the installation position of the measured object, the installation position of the standard transducer, and the output parameters of the vibration fixture, etc.

[0067] S5: Replace the test item, and under the conditions of the measurement element set M, obtain the K2 value of the new test item. Similarly, for batch testing, a K value can be obtained. n The sequence is maintained within a certain range to control the consistency of the core performance indicators of the finished transducer.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] like Figure 7 The diagram illustrates the application of this invention in scientific research, specifically studying the piezoelectric properties of a longitudinally vibrating transducer under different prestresses, including the following steps:

[0070] S1: Install the piezoelectric disc of the longitudinal vibration transducer under test into the transducer structural component and adjust its prestress state;

[0071] S2: Fix the test sample and the standard transducer in symmetrical positions at the same time, and use the symmetrical vibration fixture to output vibration energy to both at the same time.

[0072] S3: Simultaneously acquire and monitor the output signals of both transducers. If necessary, adjust various parameters of the vibration fixture to stabilize the amplitude of the two signals within a certain range. Record the output amplitude of the standard transducer at this time, denoted as A1.

[0073] S4: Calculate the ratio of the amplitudes of the two signals, denoted as K1. Simultaneously, fix the set of measurement elements M at this time, such as the installation position of the measured object, the installation position of the standard transducer, and the output parameters of the vibration fixture, etc.

[0074] S5: Readjust the prestress T2 of the transducer under test, and obtain the new K2 value under the conditions of the measurement element set M. Record each prestress T. n With K n The correspondence between values. By analogy, a K value can be obtained for different prestresses. n The sequence was used to study the direct relationship between the prestress of the piezoelectric ceramic and its piezoelectric properties in this type of longitudinally vibrating transducer.

[0075] Within the scope of the technology disclosed in this utility model, any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers, characterized in that, include: The vibration bracket provides a mounting position for fixing the transducer under test and the standard transducer in symmetrical positions and simultaneously outputting vibration energy to both. The signal acquisition and monitoring module is used to simultaneously acquire and monitor the output signals of the transducer under test and the standard transducer, and adjust various parameters of the vibration support to stabilize the amplitude of the two signals within a certain range. The data processing module is used to record the output amplitude A1 of the standard transducer and calculate the ratio K1 of the amplitudes of the two signals. The value of K1 is the scalar value of the piezoelectric performance of the piezoelectric ceramic of the transducer under test in the assembled state. The measurement feature set storage module is used to store the measurement feature set M; The control module is used to obtain the K2 value of the new transducer under test based on the measurement element set M after the transducer under test is replaced, and to obtain a Kn sequence through batch testing. The control module controls the fluctuation of the sequence within a certain range, thereby controlling the consistency of the core performance indicators of the finished transducer.

2. The universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers according to claim 1, characterized in that, The signal acquisition and monitoring module includes a time window selection unit, which is used to select the same time window during the steady-state process of the two signals and extract the average amplitude of the two signals within the time window for calculation.

3. The universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of underwater acoustic transducers according to claim 2, characterized in that, The set of measurement elements M includes the installation position of the transducer under test, the installation position of the standard transducer, and the output parameters of the vibration fixture.

4. The universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vibration support includes: Mounting bracket (1), symmetrically arranged, is used to install the transducer under test and the standard transducer; Vibration fixture (2) is set on one side of mounting bracket (1) and is used to simultaneously output vibration energy to the transducer under test and the standard transducer. A vibration motor (4) is connected to a vibration fixture (2), and the vibration motor (4) is connected to a vibration control box (3). The signal acquisition and monitoring module includes a signal acquisition system (6), which is connected to the transducer under test and the standard transducer via a connecting cable (5). The upper computer software intercepts the amplitude of the two signals and compares their ratios.

5. The universal testing device for the piezoelectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics in underwater acoustic transducers according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (1) is provided with an adjustment mechanism (7) for adjusting the installation position of the transducer under test and the standard transducer.

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