A double-sided varus special-shaped pipe upsetting forming device

Abstract

This utility model relates to a forging device for double-sided inward-turned irregular tubes, belonging to the field of mechanical forming equipment. It includes a first forging die and a second forging die; the first forging die includes a first upper female die, a first lower female die, a first mandrel, and a first punch; the first mandrel, the first upper female die, the first lower female die, and the first punch form a forging space for the first side of the irregular tube; the second forging die includes a second upper female die, a second lower female die, a second mandrel, a low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, and a second punch; the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, the second upper female die, the second lower female die, and the second mandrel form a space for clamping the first side of the irregular tube; the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, the second upper female die, the second lower female die, and the second punch form a forging space for the second side of the irregular tube. This realizes the manufacturing and forming of irregular tubes with double-sided inward turning at both ends.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical forming equipment, specifically to a double-sided inward-turning irregular tube upsetting and forging device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, there are two methods for manufacturing double-sided inward-turning shaped tubes. Method 1: Production using aluminum alloy die casting technology. However, aluminum alloy die casting produces defects such as porosity, shrinkage cavities, and voids, affecting the performance of the parts and failing to meet usage requirements. After removing defective parts, the die casting yield is less than 50%. Method 2: Production using aluminum alloy extrusion technology. Aluminum alloy extrusion can produce high-performance parts, but because aluminum alloy extrusion can only extrude tubes of uniform wall thickness, excess material in the middle section needs to be removed through subsequent machining, resulting in significant waste of raw materials.

[0003] Upsetting technology uses a die to apply pressure to plastically deform metal, which has the advantages of high efficiency, high yield, and high material utilization. However, existing upsetting dies cannot manufacture irregularly shaped tubes with double-sided inward turning at both ends. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a double-sided inward-turned irregular tube upsetting and forming device, which realizes the manufacturing and forming of irregular tubes with double-sided inward turning at both ends.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A double-sided inward-turning shaped tube upsetting and forming apparatus includes a first upsetting die and a second upsetting die; the first upsetting die is used for upsetting a first side of the shaped tube; the second upsetting die is used for upsetting a second side of the shaped tube; the first upsetting die includes a first upper female die, a first lower female die, a first mandrel, and a first punch; the first mandrel, the first upper female die, the first lower female die, and the first punch form an upsetting and forming space for the first side of the shaped tube; the second upsetting die includes a second upper female die, a second lower female die, a second mandrel, a low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, and a second punch; the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, the second upper female die, the second lower female die, and the second mandrel form a space for clamping the first side of the shaped tube; the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, the second upper female die, the second lower female die, and the second punch form an upsetting and forming space for the second side of the shaped tube.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the first upper female mold and the first lower female mold are respectively provided with spaces to accommodate the initial blank of the shaped tube, wherein the initial blank is an extruded tube with equal wall thickness.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second upper female mold and the second lower female mold are respectively provided with spaces for accommodating the transition blank of the irregular tube, and the transition blank includes the first side of the irregular tube.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second upsetting die further includes a semi-circular shim, which is disposed between the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel and the transition billet and the second punch.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, multiple first upsetting dies are provided, and the multiple first upsetting dies are respectively provided with transition space and final space in the forming process of the first side of the shaped tube.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, multiple second upsetting dies are provided, and the multiple second upsetting dies are respectively provided with transition space and final space in the forming process of the second side of the shaped tube.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel is configured as a sleeve and fitted onto the second mandrel.

[0013] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0014] 1. By setting up a first upsetting die and a second upsetting die, the first upsetting die is used to form the first side of the shaped tube, and the second upsetting die is used to form the second side of the shaped tube. One end of the second upsetting die is provided with a space to accommodate the first side of the shaped tube, and the other end is provided with a space to form the second side of the shaped tube. The second upsetting die includes a second mandrel and a low melting point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel. The tin-bismuth alloy can be heated to 170°C and melted before flowing out from the end of the shaped tube, thus realizing the upsetting forming of the double-sided inward-turned shaped tube.

[0015] 2. The second upsetting die is equipped with a semi-circular shim. Since the tin-bismuth alloy is hard and brittle at room temperature, it is easy to break during the process of the punch applying pressure. The semi-circular shim is set to bear the pressure of the punch forming. Even if the tin-bismuth alloy breaks, it is still in a closed cavity and will not affect the subsequent upsetting steps. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the initial blank for the irregularly shaped tube;

[0017] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first upsetting die;

[0018] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transition blank for the irregularly shaped tube;

[0019] Appendix Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second upsetting die in Embodiment 1;

[0020] Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the irregularly shaped tube.

[0021] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second upsetting die in Embodiment 2.

[0022] In the figure, 11-first female upper die, 12-first female lower die, 13-first punch, 14-first mandrel, 21-second female upper die, 22-second female lower die, 23-second mandrel, 24-second punch, 25-low melting point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, 26-semi-circular gasket, 3-initial blank, 4-transition blank, 5-first side of the shaped tube, 6-second side of the shaped tube. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this utility model, such as "upper" and "lower", are only for reference to the direction of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this utility model, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model. Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these components.

[0025] In the description of embodiments of this utility model, the term "comprising" or any other variations thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] like Figure 1-5As shown, this disclosure provides a double-sided inward-turning shaped tube upsetting and forging apparatus, including a first upsetting die and a second upsetting die; the first upsetting die is used for upsetting the first side 5 of the shaped tube; the second upsetting die is used for upsetting the second side 6 of the shaped tube; the first upsetting die includes a first female upper die 11, a first female lower die 12, a first mandrel 14, and a first punch 13; the first mandrel 14, the first female upper die 11, the first female lower die 12, and the first punch 13 form the upsetting of the first side 5 of the shaped tube. The forging space includes a second upper female die 21, a second lower female die 22, a second mandrel 23, a low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25, and a second punch 24. The low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25, together with the second upper female die 21, the second lower female die 22, and the second mandrel 23, forms a space for clamping the first side 5 of the shaped tube. The low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25, together with the second upper female die 21, the second lower female die 22, and the second punch 24, forms a forging space for the second side 6 of the shaped tube.

[0028] The materials of the first upsetting die, the second upper female die 21, the second lower female die 22, the second mandrel 23, and the second punch 24 are any one or more of Cr12MoV steel, DC53 steel, SKD11 steel, tungsten steel, H13 die steel, and 8433 / 8566 die steel. The low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25 is configured as a solid cylindrical structure.

[0029] With the setting of a first upsetting die and a second upsetting die, the first upsetting die is used to form the first side 5 of the shaped tube, and the second upsetting die is used to form the second side 6 of the shaped tube. One end of the second upsetting die is provided with a space to accommodate the first side 5 of the shaped tube, and the other end is provided with a space to form the second side 6 of the shaped tube. The second upsetting die includes a second mandrel 23 and a low melting point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25. The tin-bismuth alloy can be heated to 170°C and melted before flowing out from the end of the shaped tube, thus realizing the upsetting forming of the double-sided inward-turned shaped tube.

[0030] Furthermore, the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 of the first female mold are respectively provided with spaces to accommodate the initial blank 3 of the irregular tube. The initial blank 3 is an extruded tube with equal wall thickness. During the forming process, the upper die 11 and the lower die 12 of the first female mold are opened. After the initial blank 3 is placed in the lower die 12 of the first female mold, the first mandrel 14 is inserted. The upper die 11 of the first female mold closes and presses tightly. The first punch 13 applies forming pressure, and the material at the end of the initial blank 3 undergoes lateral expansion.

[0031] Furthermore, the second upper female mold 21 and the second lower female mold 22 are respectively provided with spaces to accommodate the transition blank 4 of the shaped tube, and the transition blank 4 includes the first side 5 of the shaped tube. During the forming process, the low melting point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25 is placed into the inner cavity of the transition blank 4, the second upper female mold 21 and the second lower female mold 22 are opened, the transition blank 4 is placed in the lower female mold, the second mandrel 23 is inserted into the first side of the transition blank 4, the second upper female mold 21 is closed and pressed, and the second punch 24 applies forming pressure from the second side of the transition blank 4.

[0032] The relationship between the initial billet 3, the transition billet 4, and the shaped tube is as follows: the initial billet 3 is forged by the first forging die to form the transition billet 4, and the transition billet 4 is forged by the second forging die to form the shaped tube.

[0033] Furthermore, the second upsetting die also includes a semi-circular shim 26, which is disposed between the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25, the transition billet 4, and the second punch 24. Since the tin-bismuth alloy is hard and brittle at room temperature, it is prone to breakage during the application of pressure by the punch. The semi-circular shim 26 bears the pressure of the punch forming, ensuring that even if the tin-bismuth alloy breaks, it remains within the closed cavity and does not affect subsequent upsetting steps.

[0034] Furthermore, multiple first upsetting dies are provided, each with a transition space and a final space during the forming process of the first side 5 of the shaped tube. Since the wall thickness at the upsetting location varies significantly from the initial blank 3, the forming of the first side 5 of the shaped tube is preferably achieved using multiple sets of first upsetting dies in a multi-step, gradual upsetting process. For example, after one upsetting with the first upsetting die, the wall thickness of the first side 5 of the shaped tube is 9mm; after two upsettings with the first upsetting die, the wall thickness is 11.5mm; after three upsettings with the first upsetting die, the wall thickness is 15mm; and after four upsettings with the first upsetting die, the wall thickness is 19mm. The ratio of the wall thickness values ​​for each upsetting is within the range of 1.2-1.3 to prevent instability and bending during the upsetting process.

[0035] Furthermore, multiple second upsetting dies are provided, each containing a transition space and a final space during the forming process of the second side 6 of the shaped tube. The principle of multi-step upsetting forming using multiple sets of second upsetting dies during the forming process of the second side 6 of the shaped tube is the same as that of forming the first side 5 of the shaped tube, and will not be elaborated here.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] like Figure 6As shown, based on Embodiment 1, this disclosure provides that the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25 is configured as a sleeve and fitted onto the second mandrel 23. This configuration allows for a certain amount of clearance for the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25 under stress within the space between the second mandrel 23, the upper second female mold 21, the lower first female mold 12, and the semi-circular gasket 26. This saves on the amount of low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy used and improves the integrity of the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel 25 during use.

[0038] The above are merely specific embodiments of this disclosure, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not to be limited to these embodiments, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A device for upsetting and forming a double-sided inward-turned irregular tube, characterized in that, The forming device includes a first upsetting die and a second upsetting die; The first upsetting die is used for upsetting the first side of the shaped tube; the second upsetting die is used for upsetting the second side of the shaped tube. The first upsetting die includes a first upper female die, a first lower female die, a first mandrel, and a first punch; the first mandrel, the first upper female die, the first lower female die, and the first punch form the first side upsetting forming space of the shaped tube; The second upsetting die includes a second upper female die, a second lower female die, a second mandrel, a low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, and a second punch; the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, together with the second upper female die, the second lower female die, and the second mandrel, forms a space for clamping the first side of the shaped tube; the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel, together with the second upper female die, the second lower female die, and the second punch, forms an upsetting forming space for the second side of the shaped tube.

2. The double-sided inward-turning irregular tube upsetting and forging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first female upper die and the first female lower die are respectively provided with spaces to accommodate the initial blank of the shaped tube, and the initial blank is an extruded tube with equal wall thickness.

3. The double-sided inward-turning irregular tube upsetting and forging device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second upper female mold and the second lower female mold are respectively provided with spaces to accommodate the transition blank of the shaped tube, and the transition blank includes the first side of the shaped tube.

4. The double-sided inward-turning irregular tube upsetting and forging device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second upsetting die also includes a semi-circular shim, which is disposed between the low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel and the transition billet and the second punch.

5. The double-sided inward-turning irregular tube upsetting and forging device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple first upsetting dies are provided, and each of the multiple first upsetting dies is provided with a transition space and a final space during the forming process of the first side of the shaped tube.

6. The double-sided inward-turning irregular tube upsetting and forging device according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multiple second upsetting dies are provided, and each of the multiple second upsetting dies is provided with a transition space and a final space during the forming process of the second side of the shaped tube.

7. A double-sided inward-turning irregular tube upsetting and forging device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The low-melting-point tin-bismuth alloy mandrel is configured as a sleeve and fitted onto the second mandrel.

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