Shaft sinking and slagging device

Abstract

The application discloses a shaft tunneling and slag discharging device and relates to the technical field of shaft construction. The shaft tunneling and slag discharging device comprises a rack used for being fixed in a shaft, a slag discharging hole is arranged at the center of the rack, an annular rotating mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the rack and is concentric with the slag discharging hole, a tunneling mechanism and a slag shoveling mechanism are arranged on the rotating mechanism, the tunneling mechanism is used for tunneling a digging face, the slag shoveling mechanism is used for gathering slag soil under the slag discharging hole, a slag loading mechanism is arranged on the rack, and the slag loading mechanism is used for loading the gathered slag soil into a slag bucket from the slag discharging hole. The tunneling mechanism, the slag shoveling mechanism and the slag loading mechanism of the application work cooperatively and do not interfere with each other, the whole construction process is coherent and efficient, time waste caused by equipment switching or manual operation in the traditional construction mode is avoided, the slag discharging efficiency is remarkably improved, and therefore, the shaft tunneling construction progress is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of shaft construction technology, specifically to a shaft excavation and slag removal device. Background Technology

[0002] Shafts are important well-shaped passages in underground engineering. With vertical walls, they primarily connect the surface and underground spaces, enabling the vertical transport of personnel, equipment, and materials, as well as providing ventilation and drainage. During shaft excavation, muck removal is a critical step, and its efficiency directly impacts construction progress and costs.

[0003] Currently, the main methods for removing slag from vertical shafts are as follows:

[0004] 1. An excavator digs the soil inside the well, then loads the excavated soil into a bucket for removal. This method has a low degree of automation and low efficiency in removing excavated material.

[0005] 2. A rotary cutting arm is used to cut the soil, and the resulting slag is mixed with water to form mud, which is then discharged from the well via a mud pump. This method cannot effectively solve the problem of discharging large-diameter slag, and it places high demands on the performance of the mud pump. If the mud pump fails, the entire slag discharge system will be paralyzed.

[0006] 3. Full-face cutterhead rock breaking, with the scraper and chain bucket or mud circulation system used to remove the excavated material from the well. While this method is highly efficient, it is expensive and consumes a lot of power. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this application is to provide a vertical shaft excavation muck removal device to solve the problems of low efficiency, difficulty in removing large-diameter muck, and high equipment cost in existing vertical shaft excavation muck removal methods.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problem is:

[0009] A shaft excavation and muck removal device includes a frame for fixing inside the shaft. The frame has a muck removal hole at its center. The bottom of the frame has an annular rotating mechanism concentrically arranged with the muck removal hole. The rotating mechanism is equipped with a tunneling mechanism and a muck-scraping mechanism. The tunneling mechanism is used to excavate the excavation face. The muck-scraping mechanism is used to collect the muck below the muck removal hole. The frame is equipped with a muck-loading mechanism for loading the collected muck into a muck bucket from the muck removal hole.

[0010] Furthermore, the slag removal mechanism includes a mounting base, a boom, a boom cylinder, a stick, a stick cylinder, a slag removal bucket, and a slag bucket cylinder;

[0011] The mounting base is mounted on the rotary mechanism. One end of the boom is hinged to the mounting base, the other end of the boom is hinged to one end of the stick, and the other end of the stick is hinged to the slag bucket.

[0012] The boom cylinder is hinged between the mounting base and the boom, the stick cylinder is hinged between the boom and the stick, and the slag bucket cylinder is hinged between the stick and the slag bucket.

[0013] Furthermore, the slag removal mechanism also includes a fixed seat and a swing cylinder. The mounting seat is hinged to the fixed seat, the fixed seat is connected to the rotary mechanism, and the swing cylinder is hinged between the mounting seat and the fixed seat. The hinge axis between the mounting seat and the fixed seat is perpendicular to the hinge axis between the mounting seat and the boom.

[0014] Furthermore, the rotary mechanism is equipped with at least two of the aforementioned slag-removing mechanisms.

[0015] Furthermore, the slag loading mechanism includes a lifting mechanism and a slag bucket lateral movement mechanism mounted on the frame. The lifting mechanism is connected to the rotary drilling mechanism. The lifting mechanism is used to drive the rotary drilling mechanism to move up and down from the slag discharge hole. The rotary drilling mechanism is used to rotary dig the slag that has gathered together. The slag bucket lateral movement mechanism is used to move the slag bucket laterally to the top or side of the slag discharge hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism includes a column, a basic boom, a basic boom cylinder, a second-section boom, and a second-section boom cylinder.

[0017] The lower end of the column is connected to the frame, the basic arm is slidably connected to one side of the column, the second arm is vertically arranged at the slag discharge hole and slidably connected to the basic arm, and the rotary drilling mechanism is arranged on the second arm.

[0018] The basic boom cylinder is connected between the column and the basic boom and is used to drive the basic boom to move up and down. The second boom cylinder is connected between the second boom and the basic boom and is used to drive the second boom to move up and down.

[0019] Furthermore, the lifting mechanism also includes a three-section boom and a three-section boom cylinder. The three-section boom is vertically arranged at the slag discharge hole and slidably connected to the two-section boom. The three-section boom cylinder is connected between the three-section boom and the two-section boom and is used to drive the three-section boom to move up and down. The rotary drilling mechanism is located at the lower end of the three-section boom.

[0020] Furthermore, the slag bucket lateral movement mechanism includes a first lateral movement frame, a second lateral movement frame, and a first lateral movement cylinder. The first lateral movement frame is slidably mounted on the second lateral movement frame, the second lateral movement frame is mounted on the frame, and the first lateral movement cylinder is located between the first lateral movement frame and the second lateral movement frame and is used to drive the first lateral movement frame to move the slag bucket laterally to the top or side of the slag outlet.

[0021] Furthermore, the tunneling mechanism includes a cutting arm and a cutting arm cylinder, the upper end of the cutting arm is hinged to the slewing mechanism, and the cutting arm cylinder is hinged between the slewing mechanism and the cutting arm.

[0022] Furthermore, the frame includes an annular central support base, the inner hole of which forms the slag discharge hole, and several intermediate support legs connected around the central support base, the intermediate support legs being connected to the vertical shaft via overlapping support legs.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0024] The vertical shaft excavation and muck removal device provided in this application embodiment has a circular rotary mechanism concentric with the muck removal hole at the bottom of the frame, and a tunneling mechanism and a muck removal mechanism are set on the rotary mechanism. The rotary mechanism can drive the tunneling mechanism and the muck removal mechanism to perform circular motion around the muck removal hole. The tunneling mechanism excavates the excavation face, and the muck removal mechanism collects the generated muck below the muck removal hole. By setting a muck loading mechanism on the frame, the muck loading mechanism can load the collected muck from the muck removal hole into a muck bucket for muck removal. The tunneling mechanism, muck removal mechanism and muck loading mechanism work together without interfering with each other. The entire construction process is continuous and efficient, avoiding the time wasted due to equipment switching or manual operation in traditional construction methods, significantly improving muck removal efficiency, and thus accelerating the progress of vertical shaft excavation.

[0025] Compared to the traditional method of excavating soil in a shaft using excavators and then loading the excavated material into a bucket, this application utilizes mechanized operations to reduce manual labor within the shaft, improving excavation efficiency and reducing safety risks for workers operating in the shaft. Compared to methods that rely on rotary cutting arms to cut the soil and mud pumps to remove excavated material, this application does not depend on mud transport. It handles excavated material through mechanical shoveling and loading, adapting to various particle sizes, including large-diameter excavated material, thus avoiding blockages in pipes or equipment and improving the reliability of excavation. Compared to full-face cutterhead rock breaking methods, this application eliminates the need for complex cutterheads and mud circulation systems, reducing equipment procurement and maintenance costs and offering higher economic efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the shaft excavation and muck removal device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a 3D diagram of a slag removal facility;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a 3D view of the connection between the slag loading mechanism and the frame;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a 3D diagram of the lifting mechanism;

[0031] Figure 5 This is the front view of the lifting mechanism;

[0032] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A sectional view along line AA.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a 3D diagram of the slag bucket horizontal movement mechanism;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a 3D view of the connection between the rotary mechanism, the tunneling mechanism, the muck-loading mechanism and the frame;

[0035] Figure 9 It is a 3D view of the rack.

[0036] Figure label:

[0037] 10-Rack;

[0038] 101-Central support seat; 1011-Slag discharge hole; 102-Intermediate support leg; 103-Overlapping support leg;

[0039] 11-Slewing mechanism;

[0040] 111-Rotary base; 112-Drive motor;

[0041] 12-Tunneling mechanism;

[0042] 121 - Cutting arm; 122 - Cutting arm cylinder;

[0043] 13-Slag removal organization;

[0044] 131-Mounting base; 132-Boom; 133-Boom cylinder; 134-Stick; 135-Stick cylinder; 136-Slag hopper; 137-Slag hopper cylinder; 138-Fixed base; 139-Swing cylinder;

[0045] 14-Slag loading mechanism;

[0046] 141-Lifting mechanism; 1411-Column; 1412-Basic boom; 1413-Basic boom cylinder; 1414-Two-section boom; 1415-Two-section boom cylinder; 1416-Three-section boom; 1417-Three-section boom cylinder;

[0047] 142-Slag bucket transverse movement mechanism; 1421-First transverse movement frame; 1422-Second transverse movement frame; 1423-First transverse movement cylinder;

[0048] 143 - Rotary drilling mechanism;

[0049] 15-Slag bucket. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0051] In the description of this application, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," "rear," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Unless otherwise specified, the above-mentioned orientational descriptions can be flexibly set in actual application, provided that the relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings are satisfied.

[0052] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0053] See Figure 1This application provides a vertical shaft excavation and muck removal device, including a frame 10 for fixing inside the vertical shaft. The frame 10 has a muck removal hole 1011 at its center. The bottom of the frame 10 has an annular rotary mechanism 11 concentrically arranged with the muck removal hole 1011. The rotary mechanism 11 is equipped with a tunneling mechanism 12 and a muck removal mechanism 13. The tunneling mechanism 12 is used to tunnel the excavation face, and the muck removal mechanism 13 is used to collect the muck below the muck removal hole 1011. The frame 10 is equipped with a muck loading mechanism 14, which is used to load the collected muck into a muck bucket from the muck removal hole 1011.

[0054] The frame 10 is the supporting structure for the entire device, installed inside the shaft and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shaft. The frame 10 has a through-hole 1011 at its center for discharging excavated soil. The rotating mechanism 11 is circular in shape, concentrically positioned with the excavated soil outlet 1011, and installed at the bottom of the frame 10. It not only rotates around the central axis of the excavated soil outlet 1011, driving the tunneling mechanism 12 and the slag-loading mechanism 13 to move in a circular motion around the outlet 1011, but also allows excavated soil to be discharged from the inner hole of the rotating mechanism 11 and the excavated soil outlet 1011.

[0055] The tunneling mechanism 12 is mounted on the rotary mechanism 11 and is used for tunneling operations at the excavation face of the shaft. Driven by the rotary mechanism 11, the tunneling mechanism 12 can perform circular tunneling within the shaft, gradually expanding the tunneling range. The muck-loading mechanism 13 is mounted on the rotary mechanism 11 and is used to scoop the muck generated during tunneling towards the center of the shaft and collect it below the muck outlet 1011, forming a relatively concentrated muck accumulation area to facilitate the muck-loading operation of the muck-loading mechanism 14. The muck-loading mechanism 14 is mounted above the frame 10 and is used to load the muck collected below from the muck outlet 1011 into a muck bucket placed on the frame 10. The muck bucket filled with muck is lifted to the ground by a winch or other lifting equipment to complete the muck discharge.

[0056] The shaft excavation and muck removal device provided in this application embodiment has an annular rotary mechanism 11 concentric with the muck removal hole 1011 at the bottom of the frame 10, and a tunneling mechanism 12 and a muck-loading mechanism 13 are set on the rotary mechanism 11. The rotary mechanism 11 can drive the tunneling mechanism 12 and the muck-loading mechanism 13 to perform annular motion around the muck removal hole 1011. The tunneling mechanism 12 excavates the excavation face, and the muck-loading mechanism 13 collects the generated muck below the muck removal hole 1011. By setting a muck-loading mechanism 14 on the frame 10, the muck-loading mechanism 14 can load the collected muck from the muck removal hole 1011 into a muck bucket for muck removal. The tunneling mechanism 12, the muck-loading mechanism 13 and the muck-loading mechanism 14 work together without interfering with each other. The entire construction process is continuous and efficient, avoiding the time wasted due to equipment switching or manual operation in traditional construction methods, significantly improving muck removal efficiency, and thus accelerating the progress of shaft excavation.

[0057] Compared to the traditional method of excavating soil in a shaft using excavators and then loading the excavated material into a bucket, this application utilizes mechanized operations to reduce manual labor within the shaft, improving excavation efficiency and reducing safety risks for workers operating in the shaft. Compared to methods that rely on rotary cutting arms to cut the soil and mud pumps to remove excavated material, this application does not depend on mud transport. It handles excavated material through mechanical shoveling and loading, adapting to various particle sizes, including large-diameter excavated material, thus avoiding blockages in pipes or equipment and improving the reliability of excavation. Compared to full-face cutterhead rock breaking methods, this application eliminates the need for complex cutterheads and mud circulation systems, reducing equipment procurement and maintenance costs and offering higher economic efficiency.

[0058] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The slag removal mechanism 13 includes a mounting base 131, a boom 132, a boom cylinder 133, a stick 134, a stick cylinder 135, a slag removal bucket 136, and a slag bucket cylinder 137. The mounting base 131 is mounted on the slewing mechanism 11. One end of the boom 132 is hinged to the mounting base 131, and the other end of the boom 132 is hinged to one end of the stick 134. The other end of the stick 134 is hinged to the slag removal bucket 136. The boom cylinder 133 is hinged between the mounting base 131 and the boom 132, the stick cylinder 135 is hinged between the boom 132 and the stick 134, and the slag bucket cylinder 137 is hinged between the stick 134 and the slag removal bucket 136.

[0059] Mounting base 131 can be directly fixed to the slewing mechanism 11 with bolts or other fasteners, serving as the fixed foundation for the slag removal mechanism 13. The upper end of the boom 132 is rotatably connected to the mounting base 131 via a horizontally arranged boom shaft, and the lower end of the boom 132 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the stick 134 via a horizontally arranged stick shaft. The lower end of the stick 134 is rotatably connected to the upper end of the slag removal bucket 136 via a horizontally arranged slag bucket shaft. The boom shaft, stick shaft, and slag bucket shaft are parallel to each other. By utilizing the cooperation of the boom 132 and the stick 134, the working range of the slag removal bucket 136 can be extended, allowing the slag removal bucket 136 to reach any slag removal position within the shaft, and directly contacting and removing slag using the slag removal bucket 136.

[0060] The boom cylinder 133, stick cylinder 135, and slag bucket cylinder 137 can all be hydraulic cylinders. The boom cylinder 133 is hinged at both ends to the mounting base 131 and the boom 132, respectively, and is used to drive the boom 132 to rotate around the boom axis, thereby controlling the extension angle and position of the boom 132. The stick cylinder 135 is hinged at both ends to the boom 132 and the stick 134, respectively, and is used to drive the stick 134 to rotate around the stick axis, thereby controlling the extension angle and position of the stick 134. The slag bucket cylinder 137 is hinged at both ends to the stick 134 and the slag bucket 136, respectively, and is used to drive the slag bucket 136 to rotate around the slag bucket axis, thereby controlling the opening and closing action of the slag bucket 136, enabling it to flexibly scoop and release slag.

[0061] The slag removal mechanism 13 of this embodiment can flexibly reach various positions inside the shaft through the multi-degree-of-freedom movement of the boom 132, stick 134 and slag removal bucket 136, and efficiently remove slag and soil to the bottom of the slag discharge hole 1011 along the radial direction of the shaft; at the same time, the components are connected by hinges, the structure is compact, occupies little space, and can work efficiently in the limited shaft space.

[0062] In some embodiments, see Figure 2 The slag removal mechanism 13 also includes a fixed seat 138 and a swing cylinder 139. The mounting seat 131 is hinged to the fixed seat 138. The fixed seat 138 is connected to the rotary mechanism 11. The swing cylinder 139 is hinged between the mounting seat 131 and the fixed seat 138. The hinge axis between the mounting seat 131 and the fixed seat 138 is perpendicular to the hinge axis between the mounting seat 131 and the boom 132.

[0063] The fixed base 138 is fixedly connected to the rotating mechanism 11 by bolts or other fasteners. The mounting base 131 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the fixed base 138 via a horizontally set mounting base shaft, wherein the mounting base shaft is perpendicular to the boom shaft. The swing cylinder 139 can be a hydraulic cylinder, with its two ends hinged to the fixed base 138 and the mounting base 131 respectively. It is used to drive the mounting base 131 to swing around the mounting base shaft, thereby controlling the swing angle of the entire slag removal mechanism 13 in the vertical shaft.

[0064] In this embodiment, the slag removal mechanism 13, through the cooperation of the fixed base 138 and the swing cylinder 139, can realize the swing of the mounting base 131 at a certain angle, so that the boom 132, stick 134 and slag removal bucket 136 can better adapt to the complex terrain in the shaft, and improve the slag removal efficiency and effect.

[0065] In some embodiments, see Figure 1The rotary mechanism 11 is equipped with at least two slag-removing mechanisms 13. Accordingly, by setting at least two slag-removing mechanisms 13, the coordinated work of the at least two slag-removing mechanisms 13 enables the slag to accumulate more quickly below the slag discharge hole 1011, allowing the slag loading mechanism 14 to perform slag loading operations more efficiently and improving slag discharge efficiency.

[0066] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 The slag loading mechanism 14 includes a lifting mechanism 141 and a slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 mounted on the frame 10. The lifting mechanism 141 is connected to the rotary drilling mechanism 143. The lifting mechanism 141 is used to drive the rotary drilling mechanism 143 to move up and down from the slag discharge hole 1011. The rotary drilling mechanism 143 is used to rotary dig the slag that has gathered together. The slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 is used to move the slag bucket 15 laterally to the top or side of the slag discharge hole 1011.

[0067] The lifting mechanism 141 is mounted on the frame 10 to provide stable lifting power to drive the rotary drilling mechanism 143 to move up and down vertically. The stroke of the lifting mechanism 141 should be set according to the height between the frame 10 and the excavation face to ensure that the rotary drilling mechanism 143 can accurately reach the excavation face and rotary excavate the accumulated excavated soil.

[0068] The rotary drilling mechanism 143 is connected to the lifting mechanism 141 and is used to rotary excavate the accumulated slag and load the excavated slag into the slag bucket 15. For example, the rotary drilling mechanism 143 mainly includes an open-body drill bucket, a cutting edge installed at the lower end of the open-body drill bucket, a first driving device for driving the open-body drill bucket to rotate, and a second driving device for driving the open-body drill bucket to open and close. During the rotary drilling process: the second driving device drives the open-body drill bucket to the closed state, the first driving device drives the open-body drill bucket to rotate, and the cutting edge digs the slag into the open-body drill bucket. During the bucket loading process: the rotary drilling mechanism 143 is moved directly above the slag bucket, the second driving device drives the open-body drill bucket to the open state, and the slag inside the open-body drill bucket falls into the slag bucket under gravity. Of course, the rotary drilling mechanism 143 can also adopt other structures of the prior art, which are not specifically limited here.

[0069] The slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 is installed on the frame 10 and is used to move the slag bucket 15 laterally to the top or side of the slag outlet 1011 so that the rotary drilling mechanism 143 can load the slag into the slag bucket 15 with the cooperation of the lifting mechanism 141.

[0070] See Figure 3 The working principle of the slag loading mechanism 14 in this embodiment is as follows:

[0071] The slag bucket 15 is placed on the slag bucket horizontal moving mechanism 142 and positioned on one side of the slag discharge hole 1011. The lifting mechanism 141 drives the rotary drilling mechanism 143 to descend, pass through the slag discharge hole 1011, and reach the rotary drilling position below the slag discharge hole 1011. The rotary drilling mechanism 143 then digs and collects the slag below the slag discharge hole 1011. After rotary drilling is completed, the lifting mechanism 141 drives the rotary drilling mechanism 143 to rise, pass through the slag discharge hole 1011, and reach the position above the slag discharge hole 1011. The slag bucket 15 is moved laterally by the slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 to a position directly above the slag discharge hole 1011. At this time, the slag bucket 15 is also directly below the rotary drilling mechanism 143. The open-body drill bucket of the rotary drilling mechanism 143 opens, and the slag inside falls into the slag bucket 15 under gravity. The slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 then moves the slag bucket 15 filled with slag to a storage position on one side of the slag discharge hole 1011. The slag bucket 15 filled with slag is then lifted to the ground by a winch, completing the discharge of slag. Subsequently, the empty slag bucket 15 is lowered by a winch to the storage position on the slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142, ready for the next slag loading operation.

[0072] Accordingly, the slag loading mechanism 14 of this application, through the coordinated work of the lifting mechanism 141, the slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 and the rotary drilling mechanism 143, can efficiently load the aggregated slag into the slag bucket 15, ensuring the efficiency of the slag loading process.

[0073] In some embodiments, see Figure 4 The lifting mechanism 141 includes a column 1411, a basic arm 1412, a basic arm cylinder 1413, a second-section arm 1414, and a second-section arm cylinder 1415. The lower end of the column 1411 is connected to the frame 10. The basic arm 1412 is slidably connected to one side of the column 1411. The second-section arm 1414 is vertically arranged at the slag discharge hole 1011 and slidably connected to the basic arm 1412. The rotary drilling mechanism 143 is arranged on the second-section arm 1414. The basic arm cylinder 1413 is connected between the column 1411 and the basic arm 1412 and is used to drive the basic arm 1412 to move up and down. The second-section arm cylinder 1415 is connected between the second-section arm 1414 and the basic arm 1412 and is used to drive the second-section arm 1414 to move up and down.

[0074] The column 1411 is vertically positioned on one side of the slag discharge hole 1011. The lower end of the column 1411 is fixedly connected to the frame 10 by bolts or other fasteners, providing stable support for the entire lifting mechanism 141. One end of the basic arm 1412 is slidably connected to the column 1411 via a guide rail or slide rail, allowing it to move up and down along the column 1411. The other end of the basic arm 1412 extends directly above the slag discharge hole 1011. The basic arm cylinder 1413 can be a hydraulic cylinder. The basic arm cylinder 1413 is vertically positioned, with its cylinder body connected to the column 1411 and its piston rod connected to the basic arm 1412, providing stable thrust and pull to achieve the lifting and lowering action of the basic arm 1412.

[0075] The second-section boom 1414 is vertically positioned at the slag discharge hole 1011 and is slidably connected to the main boom 1412 via guide rails or chutes, allowing the second-section boom 1414 to move up and down and extend its lower end below the slag discharge hole 1011. The rotary drilling mechanism 143 can be directly installed at the lower end of the second-section boom 1414 to perform rotary drilling and slag loading operations. The second-section boom cylinder 1415 can be a hydraulic cylinder, vertically positioned with its cylinder body connected to the main boom 1412 and its piston rod connected to the second-section boom 1414, providing stable thrust and pull to achieve the lifting and lowering movement of the second-section boom 1414.

[0076] When the rotary drilling rig 143 needs to be lowered to the location where the excavated soil collects, the basic boom cylinder 1413 first drives the basic boom 1412 to move downwards along the column 1411. The movement of the basic boom 1412 provides greater travel space for the second boom 1414. Subsequently, the second boom cylinder 1415 drives the second boom 1414 to move downwards, enabling the rotary drilling rig 143 to reach the location where the excavated soil collects for rotary excavation. After rotary excavation is completed, the second boom cylinder 1415 and the basic boom cylinder 1413 move downwards to lift the rotary drilling rig 143 upwards to the predetermined position to load the excavated soil into the excavation bucket.

[0077] Accordingly, the lifting mechanism 141 in this embodiment, through a two-stage lifting structure consisting of a basic arm 1412 and a second-section arm 1414, achieves a large lifting stroke and can adapt to the needs of vertical shaft excavation at different depths.

[0078] In some embodiments, see Figure 5 , Figure 6 The lifting mechanism 141 also includes a three-section boom 1416 and a three-section boom cylinder 1417. The three-section boom 1416 is vertically arranged at the slag discharge hole 1011 and is slidably connected to the two-section boom 1414. The three-section boom cylinder 1417 is connected between the three-section boom 1416 and the two-section boom 1414 and is used to drive the three-section boom 1416 to move up and down. The rotary drilling mechanism 143 is located at the lower end of the three-section boom 1416.

[0079] The three-section boom 1416 is vertically positioned and slidably connected to the two-section boom 1414 via guide rails or chutes, allowing it to move up and down and further extending the stroke range of the lifting mechanism 141. The rotary drilling mechanism 143 is installed at the lower end of the three-section boom 1416 and is used to perform rotary drilling and muck loading operations. The three-section boom cylinder 1417 can be a hydraulic cylinder, vertically positioned with its cylinder body connected to the two-section boom 1414 and its piston rod connected to the three-section boom 1416, providing stable thrust and pull to achieve the lifting and lowering action of the three-section boom 1416. To reduce the space occupied by the three-section boom 1416 after installation, both the two-section boom 1414 and the three-section boom 1416 are hollow tubular structures. The three-section boom 1416 is slidably installed in the inner cavity of the two-section boom 1414, and the three-section boom cylinder 1417 is located in the inner cavity of the three-section boom 1416.

[0080] Correspondingly, by setting up a three-section boom 1416 and a three-section boom cylinder 1417, the lifting stroke of the lifting mechanism 141 is further increased, which can adapt to the needs of deeper vertical shaft excavation and further improve the versatility and applicability of the device.

[0081] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 The slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 includes a first lateral movement frame 1421, a second lateral movement frame 1422, and a first lateral movement cylinder 1423. The first lateral movement frame 1421 is slidably mounted on the second lateral movement frame 1422, and the second lateral movement frame 1422 is mounted on the frame 10. The first lateral movement cylinder 1423 is located between the first lateral movement frame 1421 and the second lateral movement frame 1422 and is used to drive the first lateral movement frame 1421 to laterally move the slag bucket to the top or side of the slag outlet 1011.

[0082] The first transverse frame 1421 is used to support the slag bucket 15. A support limit seat may be provided on the first transverse frame 1421 to stably support the slag bucket 15 and prevent it from shaking or falling during transverse movement. The second transverse frame 1422 can be directly fixed to the frame 10. The second transverse frame 1422 can be a frame structure capable of bearing the weight of the first transverse frame 1421 and the slag bucket 15 on it. The second transverse frame 1422 has horizontally arranged guide rails or guide grooves to guide the sliding of the first transverse frame 1421, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the transverse movement of the first transverse frame 1421. The first transverse cylinder 1423 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, installed between the first transverse frame 1421 and the second transverse frame 1422, to drive the first transverse cylinder 1423 to reciprocate horizontally, thereby accurately moving the slag bucket 15 directly above or to the side of the slag outlet 1011.

[0083] Correspondingly, the slag bucket lateral movement mechanism 142 of this embodiment, through the precise control of the first lateral movement cylinder 1423, can accurately move the slag bucket 15 to the top or side of the slag outlet 1011, ensuring that the rotary drilling mechanism 143 can smoothly load the slag into the slag bucket 15, thereby improving the slag loading efficiency and reliability.

[0084] In some embodiments, see Figure 7 The slag bucket transverse movement mechanism 142 also includes a third transverse movement frame 1424 and a second transverse movement cylinder 1425. The third transverse movement frame 1424 is fixed on the frame 10, and the second transverse movement frame 1422 is slidably mounted above the third transverse movement frame 1424. The sliding direction of the second transverse movement frame 1422 is parallel to the sliding direction of the first transverse movement frame 1421. The third transverse movement frame 1424 has horizontally arranged guide rails or guide grooves to guide the sliding of the second transverse movement frame 1422, ensuring the smoothness and accuracy of the transverse movement of the second transverse movement frame 1422. The second transverse movement cylinder 1425 can be a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, installed between the second transverse movement frame 1422 and the third transverse movement frame 1424, and is used to drive the second transverse movement frame 1422 to reciprocate in the horizontal direction.

[0085] Correspondingly, by setting up the third transverse frame 1424 and the second transverse cylinder 1425, the transverse movement range of the slag bucket transverse movement mechanism 142 can be further increased to meet the slag discharge requirements under different construction scenarios, and further improve the overall efficiency and adaptability of shaft construction.

[0086] In some embodiments, see Figure 8 The rotary mechanism 11 includes an annular rotary seat 111 and a drive motor 112. The rotary seat 111 is concentrically arranged with the slag discharge hole 1011 and rotatably mounted on the bottom of the frame 10, so that the rotary seat 111 can rotate around its own axis. The drive motor 112 is mounted on the frame 10, and the output shaft of the drive motor 112 is connected to the rotary seat 111 to drive the rotary seat 111 to rotate around its own axis. For example, the output shaft of the drive motor 112 is vertically arranged and a gear is mounted on it. A ring-shaped rack is fixed on the outer circumference of the rotary seat 111, and the gear meshes with the rack. The tunneling mechanism 12 and the slag removal mechanism 13 are mounted on the rotary seat 111. During operation, the drive motor 112 drives the gear to rotate, the gear drives the rack to rotate, the rack then drives the rotary seat 111 to rotate around its center line, and the rotary seat 111 then drives the tunneling mechanism 12 and the slag removal mechanism 13 to rotate inside the shaft.

[0087] In some embodiments, see Figure 8 The drive motor 112 includes at least two. Accordingly, by setting at least two drive motors 112, the total output power and torque of the rotary mechanism 11 can be significantly enhanced, providing stronger power support; at the same time, multiple motors can distribute the power output, avoiding overload or instability of a single motor due to excessive load.

[0088] In some embodiments, see Figure 8 The tunneling mechanism 12 includes a cutting arm 121 and a cutting arm cylinder 122. The upper end of the cutting arm 121 is hinged to the slewing mechanism 11, and the cutting arm cylinder 122 is hinged between the slewing mechanism 11 and the cutting arm 121.

[0089] The cutting arm 121 is vertically positioned, with its upper end hinged to the slewing seat 111 of the slewing mechanism 11. The lower end of the cutting arm 121 has a cutting head for excavating the shaft face. The cutting arm cylinder 122 can be a hydraulic cylinder, hinged between the slewing seat 111 and the cutting arm 121, for driving the cutting arm 121 to swing and excavate radially along the shaft.

[0090] The tunneling mechanism 12 in this embodiment has two main tunneling operation modes:

[0091] The first tunneling operation method: First, the slewing mechanism 11 drives the cutting arm 121 to tunnel around the circumference of the shaft, forming an annular tunneling trench. Then, the cutting arm cylinder 122 drives the cutting arm 121 to rotate radially along the shaft by a preset angle α. Then, the slewing mechanism 11 drives the cutting arm 121 to tunnel around the circumference of the shaft, forming another annular tunneling trench. This annular tunneling trench partially overlaps with the adjacent annular tunneling trench. The above operation is repeated to form multiple annular tunneling trenches until a new excavation face is formed.

[0092] The second tunneling operation method: First, the cutting arm 121 is driven by the cutting arm cylinder 122 to tunnel along the radial direction of the shaft, forming a long strip tunneling trench. Then, the cutting arm 121 is driven by the slewing mechanism 11 to rotate around the shaft by a preset angle β. Then, the cutting arm 121 is driven by the cutting arm cylinder 122 to tunnel along the radial direction of the shaft, forming another long strip tunneling trench. This long strip tunneling trench partially overlaps with its adjacent long strip tunneling trench. The above operation is repeated to form multiple long strip tunneling trenches until a new excavation face is formed.

[0093] In some embodiments, see Figure 9 The frame 10 includes an annular central support 101, the inner hole of the central support 101 forms a slag discharge hole 1011, and several intermediate support legs 102 are connected around the central support 101. The intermediate support legs 102 are connected to the vertical shaft through overlapping support legs 103.

[0094] The central support 101 is an annular structure with an inner hole forming a slag discharge hole 1011 for discharging the excavated soil generated during tunneling. The slewing mechanism 11's slewing seat 111 is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the central support 101. The central support 101 can be made of high-strength steel to ensure its structural strength and stability, capable of withstanding the loads generated during tunneling and slag discharge. Intermediate support legs 102 are evenly distributed around the central support 101; their number can be determined based on the shaft diameter and construction requirements, typically three, four, or six. One end of each intermediate support leg 102 is fixedly connected to the central support 101 by bolts, and the other end is fixedly connected to the overlapping support leg 103 by bolts. The overlapping support leg 103 can be fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shaft using bolts or anchor bolts.

[0095] Accordingly, the frame 10 in this embodiment forms a stable support frame through the combination of the central support base 101, the intermediate support leg 102 and the overlapping support leg 103, which can withstand the load generated during tunneling and slag removal, ensuring the stability of the device; at the same time, the split structure allows the length of the intermediate support leg 102 or the overlapping support leg 103 to be adjusted to adapt to shafts of different diameters, enhancing the versatility and applicability of the device and reducing the cost of equipment replacement or adjustment due to changes in shaft diameter.

[0096] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A vertical shaft excavation and slag removal device, characterized in that, The equipment includes a frame (10) for fixing inside the shaft. The frame (10) has a slag discharge hole (1011) at its center. The bottom of the frame (10) has an annular rotating mechanism (11) arranged concentrically with the slag discharge hole (1011). The rotating mechanism (11) is equipped with a tunneling mechanism (12) and a slag removal mechanism (13). The tunneling mechanism (12) is used to tunnel the excavation face. The slag removal mechanism (13) is used to collect the slag below the slag discharge hole (1011). The frame (10) is equipped with a slag loading mechanism (14). The slag loading mechanism (14) is used to load the collected slag into a slag bucket from the slag discharge hole (1011).

2. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag removal mechanism (13) includes a mounting base (131), a boom (132), a boom cylinder (133), a stick (134), a stick cylinder (135), a slag removal bucket (136), and a slag bucket cylinder (137). The mounting base (131) is provided on the rotary mechanism (11), one end of the boom (132) is hinged to the mounting base (131), the other end of the boom (132) is hinged to one end of the stick (134), and the other end of the stick (134) is hinged to the slag bucket (136). The boom cylinder (133) is hinged between the mounting base (131) and the boom (132), the stick cylinder (135) is hinged between the boom (132) and the stick (134), and the slag hopper cylinder (137) is hinged between the stick (134) and the slag hopper (136).

3. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The slag removal mechanism (13) further includes a fixed seat (138) and a swing cylinder (139). The mounting seat (131) is hinged to the fixed seat (138), the fixed seat (138) is connected to the rotary mechanism (11), and the swing cylinder (139) is hinged between the mounting seat (131) and the fixed seat (138). The hinge axis between the mounting seat (131) and the fixed seat (138) is perpendicular to the hinge axis between the mounting seat (131) and the boom (132).

4. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that, The rotary mechanism (11) is provided with at least two of the slag removal mechanisms (13).

5. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag loading mechanism (14) includes a lifting mechanism (141) and a slag bucket lateral movement mechanism (142) mounted on the frame (10). The lifting mechanism (141) is connected to the rotary drilling mechanism (143). The lifting mechanism (141) is used to drive the rotary drilling mechanism (143) to move up and down from the slag outlet (1011). The rotary drilling mechanism (143) is used to rotary dig the slag that has gathered together. The slag bucket lateral movement mechanism (142) is used to move the slag bucket laterally to the top or side of the slag outlet (1011).

6. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (141) includes a column (1411), a base arm (1412), a base arm cylinder (1413), a two-section arm (1414), and a two-section arm cylinder (1415). The lower end of the column (1411) is connected to the frame (10), the basic arm (1412) is slidably connected to one side of the column (1411), the second arm (1414) is vertically arranged at the slag discharge hole (1011) and slidably connected to the basic arm (1412), and the rotary drilling mechanism (143) is arranged on the second arm (1414); The basic boom cylinder (1413) is connected between the column (1411) and the basic boom (1412) and is used to drive the basic boom (1412) to move up and down. The second boom cylinder (1415) is connected between the second boom (1414) and the basic boom (1412) and is used to drive the second boom (1414) to move up and down.

7. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lifting mechanism (141) also includes a three-section boom (1416) and a three-section boom cylinder (1417). The three-section boom (1416) is vertically arranged at the slag discharge hole (1011) and slidably connected to the two-section boom (1414). The three-section boom cylinder (1417) is connected between the three-section boom (1416) and the two-section boom (1414) and is used to drive the three-section boom (1416) to move up and down. The rotary drilling mechanism (143) is located at the lower end of the three-section boom (1416).

8. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The slag bucket lateral movement mechanism (142) includes a first lateral movement frame (1421), a second lateral movement frame (1422), and a first lateral movement cylinder (1423). The first lateral movement frame (1421) is slidably mounted on the second lateral movement frame (1422), the second lateral movement frame (1422) is mounted on the frame (10), and the first lateral movement cylinder (1423) is located between the first lateral movement frame (1421) and the second lateral movement frame (1422) and is used to drive the first lateral movement frame (1421) to laterally move the slag bucket to the top or side of the slag outlet (1011).

9. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tunneling mechanism (12) includes a cutting arm (121) and a cutting arm cylinder (122). The upper end of the cutting arm (121) is hinged to the slewing mechanism (11), and the cutting arm cylinder (122) is hinged between the slewing mechanism (11) and the cutting arm (121).

10. The shaft excavation and muck removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame (10) includes an annular central support (101), the inner hole of which forms the slag discharge hole (1011), and several intermediate legs (102) are connected around the central support (101). The intermediate legs (102) are connected to the shaft through overlapping legs (103).

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