A small mechanical combustion device suitable for briquetted fuel from easily coking biomass

Abstract

The utility model relates to small -size mechanical combustion equipment technical field, concretely to a kind of small -size mechanical combustion device suitable for easy coking biomass briquette, including material supporting plate, horizontal fixed in the feed channel below fuel bin, between the one side of material supporting plate and the opposite side of feed channel is equipped with the discharge port, and push material box is slidably arranged on material supporting plate;Push material swing bar is rotationally arranged on the swing bar support plate below the feed channel of fuel tank side, and the first long slot hole of push material swing bar first end is slidably connected with the first cylindrical pin on push material box, and swing bar support plate lower end is connected with incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism;Static furnace bar is horizontally fixed at the junction of fuel tank and ash box;Dynamic furnace bar is horizontally slidably arranged at the junction of fuel tank and ash box, and dynamic furnace bar and static furnace bar are staggered and spaced arrangement each other, and dynamic furnace bar is connected with incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism;The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, reliable and safe use and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of small mechanical combustion equipment, specifically a small mechanical combustion device suitable for easily coking biomass briquettes. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, crop straw is widely used as the main raw material in the domestic biomass briquette fuel production and manufacturing sector. However, this type of raw material has significant drawbacks. It easily carries a large amount of soil during collection and transportation, and has a high content of alkali metals such as potassium and sodium. During combustion, alkali metals undergo complex physicochemical reactions with impurities, resulting in slag with strong adhesion, which easily forms severe coking on the inner wall of the furnace and the surface of the grate. When using a small fixed grate as the combustion device, the hard slag formed by coking will hinder the normal combustion process, requiring operators to frequently perform manual slag cleaning, which not only increases labor intensity but also seriously affects the continuous operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0003] In terms of automated ash removal technology, although mechanical grate combustion devices (such as chain grates and reciprocating grates) can achieve automatic ash removal, effectively overcoming the limitations of manual ash removal, they face technical bottlenecks in miniaturization applications. Existing small biomass stoves generally use screw feeders as fuel supply devices. However, due to the compact furnace space of small stoves, high-temperature flames can easily penetrate into the screw feeder during combustion, igniting the fuel in the conveying channel. Under high temperatures, the metal parts of the screw feeder are prone to plastic deformation, leading to equipment failure and inability to operate normally, seriously affecting the reliability and safety of small biomass stoves. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a small mechanical combustion device suitable for easily coking biomass briquetted fuel, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a small mechanical combustion device suitable for easily coking biomass briquettes, comprising:

[0006] A fuel bin is provided below which a feeding channel is connected to it. Below the feeding channel is a fuel tank connected to it. Below the fuel tank is an ash box connected to it.

[0007] A material support plate is horizontally fixed in the feeding channel below the fuel tank. A discharge port is provided between one side of the material support plate and the side opposite to the feeding channel. A pusher box is slidably mounted on the material support plate.

[0008] The pusher arm is mounted on the support plate below the feed channel on one side of the fuel tank. The first long slot at the first end of the pusher arm is slidably connected to the first cylindrical pin on the pusher box. The lower end of the support plate is connected to the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism. The incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism drives the pusher arm to swing, and the pusher arm drives the pusher box to push the material.

[0009] The static grate bars are horizontally fixed at the connection between the fuel tank and the ash box;

[0010] The moving grate bars are horizontally slidably installed at the connection between the fuel tank and the ash box. The moving grate bars and the stationary grate bars are arranged alternately. The moving grate bars are connected to the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism. The incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism drives the moving grate bars to move back and forth. Multiple serrations are fixed on both the stationary and moving grate bars along their length direction. The multiple serrations form several equidistant serrated crossbeams.

[0011] A further improvement of this utility model is that the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism includes:

[0012] The movable frame is slidably disposed below the swing arm support plate. A first rack is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the frame and a second rack is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the frame. The second cylindrical pin on the first end of the movable frame is slidably connected to the second long slot at the second end of the pusher swing arm.

[0013] A semi-circular gear is disposed between the first rack and the second rack. The semi-circular gear rotates under the drive of a motor and meshes with the first rack and the second rack in an alternating manner.

[0014] A further improvement of this utility model is that the lower end of the moving grate is provided with a grate groove, and the second end of the moving frame is horizontally fixed with a push-pull rod, the pull bolt on the push-pull rod extending into the grate groove.

[0015] A further improvement of this utility model is that the saw teeth are right-angled triangular saw teeth.

[0016] A further improvement of this utility model is that the pusher box is a four-sided square box without a bottom or back side.

[0017] A further improvement of this utility model is that a blower and a dust removal port are provided on one side of the ash box.

[0018] A further improvement of this invention is that there is a gap between the top of the combustion chamber and the fuel layer inside it.

[0019] A further improvement of this utility model is that the swing arm support plate is provided with a plurality of central shaft holes vertically, and the central shaft holes are used for hinge connection with the pusher swing arm.

[0020] The technological advancements achieved by this utility model due to the adoption of the above technical solution are as follows:

[0021] This invention provides a small mechanical combustion device suitable for easily coking biomass briquettes. It adopts a bottomless, four-sided square box structure pusher box, and pushes fuel back and forth by a pusher swing rod. The pusher box and the fuel tank are intermittently contacted for feeding. Compared with the prior art, there is no continuously rotating spiral shaft in the feeding channel. The high-temperature flame in the combustion tank cannot enter the feeding channel through the rotation gap, thereby eliminating the possibility of fuel ignition in the conveying channel and avoiding the failure of the spiral shaft due to high temperature deformation.

[0022] In this invention, the right-angled triangular serrations of the stationary and moving grate bars are arranged alternately to form multiple serrated crossbeams. When the moving grate bars reciprocate, not only do the vertical sides of the triangles act as the forward pushing sides and the hypotenuses act as the returning material disturbance sides, but the serrations also break up the coking slag lumps through shearing, squeezing, and prying actions. This allows for continuous slag removal without manual intervention, solving the problem of combustion interruption caused by coking blockage. Furthermore, the moving grate bars always complete their reciprocating motion in a pulling state, eliminating the possibility of longitudinal bending deformation under pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the combustion device described in this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a top view of the moving grate bars and the stationary grate bars of the combustion device described in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grate groove structure of the combustion device described in this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the moving grate bars and the stationary grate bars of the combustion device described in this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism of the combustion device described in this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the feed box of the combustion device described in this utility model.

[0030] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0031] 10-Fuel bin, 11-Feeding channel, 111-Swing rod support plate, 12-Fuel trough, 13-Ash box, 14-Material support plate, 141-Pushing box, 142-First cylindrical pin, 15-Pushing swing rod, 151-First long slot, 152-Second long slot, 153-Second cylindrical pin, 16-Static grate, 17-Dynamic grate, 171-Serrated crossbeam, 173-Grate groove, 172-Push-pull rod, 174-Pull bolt, 20-Incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism, 21-Moving frame, 22-First rack, 23-Second rack, 24-Semi-circular gear. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, in the following description, specific details such as particular system structures and technologies are set forth for illustrative purposes rather than for limiting purposes, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present invention. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid unnecessary details hindering the description of the present invention.

[0033] This utility model provides a small mechanical combustion device suitable for easily coking biomass briquetted fuel, in conjunction with the appendix to the instruction manual. Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 It can be seen that a small mechanical combustion device suitable for easily coking biomass briquettes mainly includes the following parts or components: fuel bin 10, material support plate 14, material pusher 15, static grate bars 16, and dynamic grate bars 17.

[0034] In this utility model, a feeding channel 11 is fixedly provided below the fuel tank 10 and communicates with it. A fuel tank 12 is fixedly provided below the feeding channel 11 and communicates with it. An ash box 13 is fixedly provided below the fuel tank 12 and communicates with it. A material support plate 14 is horizontally fixed in the feeding channel 11 below the fuel tank 10. A discharge port (not shown in the figure) is provided between one side of the material support plate 14 and the side opposite to the feeding channel 11. A pusher box 141 is slidably mounted on the material support plate 14. A pusher swing rod 15 is mounted on the swing rod support plate 111 below the feeding channel 11 on one side of the fuel tank 12. The first long slot 151 at the first end of the pusher swing rod 15 is slidably connected to the first cylindrical pin 142 on the pusher box 141. The lower end of the support plate 111 is connected to the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20. The incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20 drives the pusher arm 15 to swing, and the pusher arm 15 drives the pusher box 141 to push material. The stationary grate bars 16 are horizontally fixed at the connection between the fuel tank 12 and the ash box 13. The moving grate bars 17 are horizontally slidable at the connection between the fuel tank 12 and the ash box 13. The moving grate bars 17 and the stationary grate bars 16 are arranged alternately. The moving grate bars 17 are connected to the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20, which drives the moving grate bars 17 to move back and forth. Multiple serrations are fixed along the length of both the stationary grate bars 16 and the moving grate bars 17. The multiple serrations form several equidistant serrated crossbeams 171. The pusher box 141 is a bottomless, four-sided square box with no back side.

[0035] In use, solid fuels such as biomass pellets are poured into the fuel bin 10 from the top. Under the action of gravity, the fuel passes through the feeding channel 11 in sequence and finally accumulates on the surface of the support plate 14 in the pusher box 141. At this time, the pusher box 141 is located at the end of the support plate 14 away from the discharge port. The open structure at the top allows the fuel to naturally fill the pusher box 141. The pusher swing rod 15 is in the reset state. The moving grate bars 17 are located at the initial position at the connection between the fuel tank 12 and the ash box 13. The stationary grate bars 16 and the moving grate bars 17 are arranged alternately to form a stable fuel bearing surface. After the equipment is started, the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20 starts to operate, driving the lower end of the swing rod support plate 111 to move, thereby driving the pusher swing rod 15 to swing around the fulcrum. The first elongated slot 151 at the first end of the pusher lever 15 slides into the first cylindrical pin 142 on the pusher box 141, converting the swing of the pusher lever 15 into the horizontal linear motion of the pusher box 141. When the pusher box 141 slides forward, its front side pushes the fuel inside the pusher box 141 and on the support plate 14 toward the discharge port. Due to the bottomless design of the pusher box 141, when the fuel reaches the discharge port, it will fall directly into the fuel tank 12 below without the pusher box 141 needing to completely pass over the discharge port, reducing the pushing stroke and resistance. On the return stroke, the pusher box 141 passes under the fuel bin 10 and reloads fuel.

[0036] Fuel falling into the fuel tank 12 accumulates on the stationary grate bars 16 and the moving grate bars 17. After ignition, it begins to burn. The serrated crossbeams 171 on the surfaces of the stationary grate bars 16 and the moving grate bars 17 increase the contact area between the fuel and the air, promoting complete combustion. The incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20 drives the pusher arm 15 and also drives the moving grate bars 17 to reciprocate linearly, which has the function of slag removal and slag breaking. When the moving grate bars 17 move forward, their serrations push the burned slag towards the ash box 13. When moving backward, the moving grate bars 17 retreat from under the stationary grate bars 16 to avoid bringing back the slag, thus achieving unidirectional slag removal. Furthermore, when the moving grate bars 17 move forward, they push the material forward, and when they move backward, they disturb the material. The serrated crossbeams 171 can also break up the clumps of slag, making it easier for them to fall into the ash box 13 through the gap between the moving grate bars 17 and the stationary grate bars 16.

[0037] The slag produced by combustion gradually falls into the ash box 13 below through the gap between the stationary grate bars 16 and the moving grate bars 17, pushed by the moving grate bars 17. During use, the ash box 13 needs to be opened periodically to clean the accumulated slag and prevent the ash box 13 from overflowing and affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0038] Specifically, the moving grate bars 17 always complete the reciprocating motion in a pulled state, eliminating the possibility of longitudinal bending deformation under pressure. Therefore, the moving grate bars 17 can be made of ordinary carbon steel.

[0039] Since the static grate bars 16 only support the fuel layer and do not participate in reciprocating motion, their stress is mainly vertical gravity load (including the weight of the fuel itself and the weight of the coke layer), and they do not need to bear horizontal pushing and pulling forces. Ordinary carbon steel or cast iron can be used as materials. By increasing the thickness of the serration root (such as a trapezoidal section) or setting reinforcing ribs, the support strength requirements can be met, further reducing material costs.

[0040] Specifically, the use of a pusher box 141 feeder instead of a screw feeder improves the resistance to thermal deformation.

[0041] Specifically, the movement of the moving grate bars 17 and the pusher box 141 is provided by the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20, which reduces the overall cost.

[0042] As one embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix to the specification Figure 5It can be seen that the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20 includes a movable frame 21, which is slidably disposed below the rocker arm support plate 111. The upper end of the movable frame 21 is fixedly provided with a first rack 22, and the lower end of the movable frame 21 is fixedly provided with a second rack 23. The second cylindrical pin 153 on the first end of the movable frame 21 is slidably connected to the second long slot 152 at the second end of the pusher rocker arm 15. The semi-circular gear 24 is disposed between the first rack 22 and the second rack 23. The semi-circular gear 24 rotates under the drive of a motor (not shown in the figure), and the semi-circular gear 24 meshes with the first rack 22 and the second rack 23 in an alternating manner.

[0043] When the motor is powered on, it drives the semi-circular gear 24 to rotate. As the semi-circular gear 24 rotates, its teeth begin to mesh with the first rack 22 and the second rack 23 inside the moving frame 21. When the teeth of the semi-circular gear 24 mesh with the first rack 22, the circular motion of the gear will push the first rack 22 to drive the moving frame 21 to slide in one direction. When the semi-circular gear 24 rotates until its teeth disengage from the first rack 22 and mesh with the second rack 23, it will push the second rack 23 to make the moving frame 21 slide in the opposite direction, thereby realizing the reciprocating linear motion of the moving frame 21. When the moving frame 21 is making reciprocating linear motion, the second cylindrical pin 153 slides along the second long slot 152, thereby driving the pusher arm 15 to swing around its fulcrum. The swing of the pusher arm 15 is further converted into the horizontal linear motion of the pusher box 141 on the material support plate 14 by the sliding engagement between the first long slot 151 at the first end and the first cylindrical pin 142 on the pusher box 141, thereby realizing the pushing and resetting action of the pusher box 141.

[0044] Specifically, the motor is connected to the semi-circular gear 24 through a reducer to provide reciprocating motion power, and the frequency of reciprocating motion can be controlled by a time relay.

[0045] Specifically, by linking with the temperature control system, it can operate without dedicated personnel. Temperature sensors are installed at the heating terminals to collect temperature signals in real time and transmit them to the controller.

[0046] Low temperature threshold trigger feeding: When the temperature is lower than the set value, the controller sends a command to start the motor, drive the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism 20 to run, and push the material box 141 to push fuel to the fuel tank 12 to increase the combustion intensity.

[0047] High temperature threshold suspension of material supply: When the temperature reaches the upper limit, the motor stops, the pusher box 141 resets, and the material supply is suspended to avoid excessive combustion of fuel leading to temperature runaway.

[0048] In this embodiment, refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 3 It can be seen that the lower end of the moving grate 17 is provided with a grate groove 173, and the second end of the moving frame 21 is horizontally fixed with a push-pull rod 172, and the pull bolt 174 on the push-pull rod 172 extends into the grate groove 173.

[0049] When the moving frame 21 moves back and forth, it drives the push-pull rod 172 to move back and forth. The push-pull rod 172, through the cooperation of the bolt 174 and the grate groove 173, drives the moving grate 17 to move back and forth.

[0050] Specifically, two pull bolts 174 are welded to the upper part of the push-pull rod 172, which extend into the two grate grooves 173 set at the lower part of the moving grate 17, and make: 1. When the outer end face of one pull bolt 174 is in contact with the outer end face of the groove, the distance between the outer end face of the other pull bolt 174 and the outer end face of the groove = (product of the number of working teeth and the tooth pitch of the incomplete gear - the stroke of the moving grate).

[0051] 2. Groove length > (product of working teeth and tooth pitch of incomplete gear - grate moving stroke + bolt length 174).

[0052] In this embodiment, refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 3 It can be seen that the saw teeth are right-angled triangular saw teeth. The upright side of the triangle is the forward pushing side, and the hypotenuse is the return material disturbance side.

[0053] In this embodiment, refer to the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 As can be seen, the ash box 13 has an air vent (not shown in the figure) and a dust removal port (not shown in the figure) on one side. The air vent on one side of the ash box 13 introduces air to provide oxygen for combustion, and the operator can clean the accumulated ash regularly through the dust removal port on one side of the ash box 13.

[0054] In this embodiment, there is a gap between the top of the combustion chamber 12 and the fuel layer inside it. The gap between the top of the fuel chamber 12 and the fuel layer ensures the airflow required for combustion.

[0055] In this embodiment, the swing arm support plate 111 is vertically provided with multiple central shaft holes (not shown in the figure), which are used to hinge with the pusher swing arm 15. By adjusting the central shaft position of the pusher swing arm 15, the fuel layer thickness can be controlled. That is, the vertically provided central shaft holes (distributed along the vertical direction) of the swing arm support plate 111 correspond to different hinge heights. When the pusher swing arm 15 is hinged to the central shaft hole at a higher position, the swing center of the pusher swing arm 15 moves upward, and the radius of the arc of the movement trajectory of its first end (connected to the pusher box 141) decreases, resulting in a decrease in the horizontal stroke of the pusher box 141 on the support plate 14, a decrease in the amount of material pushed at one time, and a thinner fuel layer thickness in the fuel tank 12; conversely, when hinged to the central shaft hole at a lower position, the pushing stroke increases, and the fuel layer thickness becomes thicker.

[0056] It should be noted that in this patent application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, the phrase "comprising an element defined as..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0057] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, and should all be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A small mechanical combustion device suitable for use with a coking-prone biomass briquette, characterized by, include: A fuel bin is provided below which a feeding channel is connected to it. Below the feeding channel is a fuel tank connected to it. Below the fuel tank is an ash box connected to it. A material support plate is horizontally fixed in the feeding channel below the fuel tank. A discharge port is provided between one side of the material support plate and the side opposite to the feeding channel. A pusher box is slidably mounted on the material support plate. The pusher arm is mounted on the support plate below the feed channel on one side of the fuel tank. The first long slot at the first end of the pusher arm is slidably connected to the first cylindrical pin on the pusher box. The lower end of the support plate is connected to the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism. The incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism drives the pusher arm to swing, and the pusher arm drives the pusher box to push the material. The static grate bars are horizontally fixed at the connection between the fuel tank and the ash box; The moving grate bars are horizontally slidably installed at the connection between the fuel tank and the ash box. The moving grate bars and the stationary grate bars are arranged alternately. The moving grate bars are connected to the incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism. The incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism drives the moving grate bars to move back and forth. Multiple serrations are fixed on both the stationary and moving grate bars along their length direction. The multiple serrations form several equidistant serrated crossbeams.

2. The small-scale mechanical combustion device for easily coking biomass briquettes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incomplete gear reciprocating mechanism includes: The movable frame is slidably disposed below the swing arm support plate. A first rack is fixedly disposed at the upper end of the frame and a second rack is fixedly disposed at the lower end of the frame. The second cylindrical pin on the first end of the movable frame is slidably connected to the second long slot at the second end of the pusher swing arm. A semi-circular gear is disposed between the first rack and the second rack. The semi-circular gear rotates under the drive of a motor and meshes with the first rack and the second rack in an alternating manner.

3. A small mechanical combustion device for easily coking biomass briquettes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the moving grate is provided with a grate groove, and the second end of the moving frame is horizontally fixed with a push-pull rod, and the pull bolt on the push-pull rod extends into the grate groove.

4. A small mechanical combustion device for easily coking biomass briquettes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The saw teeth are right-angled triangular saw teeth.

5. A small mechanical combustion device for easily coking biomass briquettes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pusher box is a four-sided square box without a bottom or back side.

6. A small mechanical combustion device for easily coking biomass briquettes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ash box is equipped with an air vent and an ash removal port on one side.

7. A small mechanical combustion device for easily coking biomass briquettes according to claim 1, characterized in that, There is a gap between the top of the combustion chamber and the fuel layer inside it.

8. A small mechanical combustion device for easily coking biomass briquettes according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The swing arm support plate is vertically provided with multiple central shaft holes, which are used for hinge connection with the pusher swing arm.

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